1/8/2016

HowtoModelCrackedBehaviourofShearWallsinETABS

UserName

Forum

Blogs

NewPosts Calendar

Forum

Password

Login

Help

Register

ImageStore
Community

ForumActions

EngineeringDiscussions

QuickLinks

AdvancedSearch

DiscussionofCSIPackage:ETABS,SAP,SAFE,Perform3D,CSIBridge

ETABS

HowtoModelCrackedBehaviourofShearWallsinETABS
Ifthisisyourfirstvisit,besuretocheckouttheFAQbyclickingthelinkabove.Youmayhavetoregisterbeforeyoucanpost:clicktheregisterlinkaboveto
proceed.Tostartviewingmessages,selecttheforumthatyouwanttovisitfromtheselectionbelow.

Thread:HowtoModelCrackedBehaviourofShearWallsinETABS
Results1to2of2
ThreadTools

SearchThread

Display

HowtoModelCrackedBehaviourofShearWallsinETABS
Hussein.Rida
PrincipalModerator

#1

03062015,08:37PM

HowtoModelCrackedBehaviourofShearWallsinETABS
FlexuralandaxialbehaviorsforshellwallelementscanbemodifiedinETABSbyusingeitherf11orf22property
modifiers,dependingontheorientationofyourlocalaxes.Theshearbehavioriscontrolledbyf12propertymodifier.
Thetermsf11orf22wouldcorrespondtomodificationsofEIorEAandf12wouldcorrespondtomodificationstoGA
shear.ThecoderecommendationsinACI31805,Section10.11arerelatedtoslendernesseffectswhereflexural
deformationsgovernsothecoderecommendsmodifyingEI(correspondingtof11orf22forshearwalls).
Furthermore,ACI31808Section8.8includesrecommendationsformemberspropertiesmodificationfactorstobe
usedforlateralloadsanalysis.ThereisnorecommendationforreducingtheGAshear.Modifiersforf12canbeused
wheredeteriorationofshearstiffnessisexpected.
Theabovediscussionapplieswhenthelocalaxes1and2oftheshearwallareaobjectareeitherverticalor
horizontal.Thisisunderusercontrol.WhendrawingwallsinETABS,thedefaultistohavethe1axishorizontaland
the2axisvertical.ThismeansthattheflexuralmodifierforEIshouldbeappliedtof22forwallpiersandtof11for
spandrels.

JoinDate:
Feb2014
Posts:
32
Thanks:
0
Thanked38Timesin15Posts1
BlogEntries:

Thedesignershouldkeepinmindthefollowing:
Ifthefactoredmomentsandshearsfromananalysisbasedonthemomentofinertiaofawall,takenequalto
0.70Ig,indicatethatthewallwillcrackinflexure,basedonthemodulusofrupture(fr=0.62*sqrt(f'c)),theanalysis
shouldberepeatedwithI=0.35Iginthosestorieswherecrackingispredictedusingfactoredloads.

Wecansummarizethefollowings:
1.Forshellelementspiershearwallswithdefaultorientationoflocalaxes,themainmodifieraffectsdirectly
onflexuralstiffness"EI"is"f22".
2.Forshellelementsspandrelbeamwithdefaultorientationoflocalaxes,themainmodifieraffectsdirectly
onflexuralstiffness"EI"is"f11".
ACI31808codedeclaredinitscommentaryR.8.8.2thatthemodulusofshearmodulusmaybetakenas
0.4Ec,sotheshearstiffnessmodifiers"f12"couldbereducedaswell.

Ingeneral,wecanusethefollowingstiffnessmodifiersforpiershearwalls:
f11=1,andf22=f12=m11=m22=m12=0.7foruncrackedwalls.
f11=1,andf22=f12=m11=m22=m12=0.35forcrackedwalls.
Forspandrelshellmodeledbeams:
f22=1,andf11=f12=m11=m22=m12=0.35
Forshellmodeleddeepwallspandreloutriggersunderhighlevelofhorizontalandverticalstresses:
f11=f22=f12=m11=m22=m12=0.35
Sometimes,thedesignermaygolowerthanthosevaluesofstiffnessmodifiersmentionedincode.Thisdecision
dependsondesigner'sjudgementonthedegreeofcrackingandtheexpecteddegradationinelement'sstiffness
underthecyclicloadingandlevelofdevelopedstresses.

http://structuralexperts.com/showthread.php?65HowtoModelCrackedBehaviourofShearWallsinETABS

1/3

1/8/2016

HowtoModelCrackedBehaviourofShearWallsinETABS
Itisgoodtohighlightthefollowings:
1.Againsttheexpected,ACI31808codedoesn'tdiscusstheissueofreducingtheflexuralstiffnessmodifier
underchapter"21"adoptedforEarthquakeResistanceStructures,eventhoughthisissueisquiterelatedto
theductilityanddesignofstructuresundertheattackofearthquakewaves.
HoweverACIcodediscussthisissueundertheclauseofslendernesseffectincompressionmembers,andto
bemorespecific,whenittalksaboutthedesignoflong/slendercolumnswhichareextremelyaffectedbythe
secondorderdisplacement/momentresultfromlateralloadsuchwind&earthquakeload.Inthisregard:itis
soclearthatreducingtheflexuralstiffnesswillleadtoincreasethelateraldisplacementcausedbylateralload
andthenincreasingthesecondordermomenteffect"PDelta"calledphenomena.
2.Reducingtheflexuralstiffnessaffectsdirectlyonstructurestabilityindex(equation1010inACI31808).
3.Ductilityofstructuremaymeasurebythedegreeofflexuralcrackingtakesplaceunderthereversal/cyclic
seismicload.
Thesecracksgrowupfromcycletotheotherresultindegradationinelementsstiffness.Andforhighductile
specialstructuresthedegreeofdegradationquitediffersfromthisobservedforlowductilestructures.
HoweverACIcodereleasesupto2005editionhavenosuchdistinctioninthevalueofstiffnessmodifiers
betweenspecial,intermediateandordinarystructures,whereasthelatesteditionACI31808startshow
suchdifferenceasshownonequations108&109.
HusseinRida

LasteditedbyHussein.Rida03062015at08:48PM.

Thanksgivenby:
mhardman87(01062016),mhsala7(05052015),usama_usama2003(03072015)

#2
03062015,09:23PM

Hussein.Rida
PrincipalModerator

TodeterminewhethertheWallsarecrackedornot,weneedtodothefollowings:

1. Inthefirstanalysisstep,assumethatwallshavenoflexuralcracksundercombinedeffectofgravity
andlateralloads,soenter0.7*Igasavalueofflexuralstiffnessmodifiers.
2. Fromtheoutputsoffirstanalysisstep,extractthewallshellelementstensionstresses(S11,S22,
S12|principalstressesSmax)fromloadcombinationsthathavebothgravityandlateralloads.
3. Comparewall'stensionstressesvalueswithconcretemodulusofrupture[fr=0.62*sqrt(f'c)MPa]
whichdenotesthevalueoftensionstressesinconcretewherethecracksstarttobedevelopedafter
reachingit.
4. Iftheextractedwall'sstressesaregreaterthanconcretemodulusofrupture,thismeansthatwall
sectionwillhavecracks,soweneedtorepeattheanalysisagainwithvalueofflexuralstiffness
modifiersequalto0.35*Ig.

Q&A:
JoinDate:
Feb2014
Posts:
32
Thanks:
0
Thanked38Timesin15Posts1
BlogEntries:

OriginallyPostedbyayelamayem77

1arethestresses(s11,s22,s12,smax)whichareobtainedfromSap2000orEtabsarebasedon
ultimateloadcombinationsTodeterminewhethertheWallsarecrackedornot,ortheyareobtainedfrom
serviceloadcombinations??

SincetheseismicloadperthelatestcodesUBC97,IBC2009,orASCE710isalreadygivenatultimatedesignstage,
thereforeyouhavetousetheultimateloadcombinationsincludebothgravityandseismicloadwiththeirscale
factorsasdescribedinrelevantcodes.
OriginallyPostedbyayelamayem77

2isthisprocedureinworkableincaseofmodelinggroundtanks??
orwerunthemodelatthefirsttimewithoutanyreductionsofthestiffnessmodifiersandgetthetension
stressesfromserviceloadscombinationsandcomparewiththemodulusofrupturetoensurethatthe
sectionisnotcracked?

IunderstandcorrectmeifIamwrongfromgroundtankthatyoumeanundergroundwatertank.
Accordingtothehazardousofliquidmaterialfilledinsidetank,soyouneedtodeterminewhetheryouneedto
analysisanddesignthetankunderelasticorinelasticseismicloadasrequiredbycode.
Thepropercaseistodesignthetankunderelasticlimit(i.e.:R=1)sonoreductioninstiffnessshallbemadesince
thecracksshouldnotbeoccurredevenunderseismicload.
Inthiscase,serviceloadcombinationthatincludegravityloadwithfullmagnitudeofseismicloadshallbeusedto
extractthetensilestresses,andthentocomparewithconcretemodulusofruptureandshouldnotexceedit.

http://structuralexperts.com/showthread.php?65HowtoModelCrackedBehaviourofShearWallsinETABS

2/3

1/8/2016

HowtoModelCrackedBehaviourofShearWallsinETABS

extractthetensilestresses,andthentocomparewithconcretemodulusofruptureandshouldnotexceedit.
Again,myspeechhereisforveryhazardousliquidcontainers.
OriginallyPostedbyayelamayem77

3whatistheactualvaluetoensurethatthesectioninUNcrackedforgroundwatertanks?(modulusof
ruptureorconcreteflexuraltensilestressesasper(1816.4.8Crackedsectionconsiderationsinubc97)

TheflexuraltensilestressesgiveninUBC97underclause1816.4.8isfortwowayprestressedslabonlyandnotfor
undergroundwatertankunlessthewallsoftankhavingprestressingactioninbothways.
ThemoremodernapproachperACIstandardrefertoACI31811clause18.3.3requiresthatalltwowaypre
stressedslabsshallbedesignedasclassUthathavenocrackswithmodulusofrupturenotexceeding
0.5*sqrt(fc).
OriginallyPostedbyayelamayem77'pid='1078'dateline='1340869050

4incaseofsolvingaprecastconcretewallbysap2000oretabs[/b][/color]theactualvaluetoavoid
cracksistodividethemodulusofruptureby1.5asperpci6eq(4.2.2.2)
soarethestepsmentionedbyengineerHusseinredahavetobecomparedwiththisnewvalue(modulus
ofrupture/1.5)?tocheckthecrackingconditions.

Iunderstandherethatyouaretalkingaboutprestressedprecastconcretewall.
Oncetheconcretesectionissubjectedtoprecompressioncausedbystandsforcesothiswilltrytoreduce/eliminate
thetensioncracksunderseismicload.
Heretherearemanyschoolstoestimatethereducedstiffnessmodifiers.Themostpopularonesistoconsider
stiffnessmodifierequalto(1)foruncrackedwall,and(0.5)tocrackedwall.
AbovevaluesareequaltothosementionedinACIcodeforwallsaftermultiplyingby1.43.Andthiswillgivealmost
sameapproachasyoumentionedabovetodividethemodulusofruptureby1.5.
Toconclude:use(1)asstiffnessmodifierforprestressedwall.Dotheanalysisandcomparethetensilestresses
withconcretemodulusofrupture[0.62*sqrt(fc)].Ifitexceeds,thenrepeattheanalysisusing(0.5)asstiffness
modifier.
HusseinRida

LasteditedbyHussein.Rida03062015at09:26PM.

Thanksgivenby:
jclcereno87(09082015),usama_usama2003(03072015)

QuickNavigation

ETABS Top

PreviousThread|NextThread
ThreadInformation
Therearecurrently1usersbrowsingthisthread.(0membersand1guests)
PostingPermissions
Youmaynotpostnewthreads
Youmaynotpostreplies
Youmaynotpostattachments
Youmaynotedityourposts

BBcodeisOn
SmiliesareOn
[IMG]codeisOn
[VIDEO]codeisOn
HTMLcodeisOff
ForumRules

ContactUs StructuralExpertsForum Archive Top

BlueFoxFluid

AlltimesareGMT+5.Thetimenowis09:54AM.
PoweredbyvBulletinVersion4.2.2
Copyright2016vBulletinSolutions,Inc.Allrightsreserved.
PremiumBlueFoxvBulletinThemedevelopedbyvBStyles.com
StructuralExpertsForum,CommunityofProfessionalEngineers

http://structuralexperts.com/showthread.php?65HowtoModelCrackedBehaviourofShearWallsinETABS

3/3