Innova Junior College Preliminary Examinations 2

Solutions for Paper 2

Section A: Pure Mathematics [40 marks]

Question 1: Maclaurins Expansion [5 marks]

Q
1

Solution

x3
ln (1 + sin x ) = ln 1 + x +
3!

x3
x3
x
x
6
6

x3

= x

6
2
3

x3 x 2 x 3
= x
+

6 2
3

x 2 x3
+ +
2 6

ln 1 + sin ( x + ) = ln [1 sin x ]
= ln 1 + sin ( x )
= x

x 2 x3
+
2 6

Question 2 Differential Equations [8 marks]

Q

Solution

(i)

d
dx

(ii)

4 9 x2 =
d2 y
=
dx 2
dy
=
dx

y=

18 x

2 4 9 x2

9 x
4 9 x2

1
4 9x2

1
3x
dx = sin 1 + c
3
2
4 9 x2
1

1 1 3 x
sin + c dx
3
2

x 1 3x
sin
3
2

x 1 3 x
sin
3
2

3
dx + cx + d
9x 2
1
4
1

x
4 9 x2

dx + cx + d

x 1 3x 1
sin +
4 9 x 2 + cx + d
3
2 9
2
When x = 0, y = .
9
2 2
= +d d=0
9 9
x
3x 1
y = sin 1 +
4 9 x 2 + cx
3
2 9
=

c=0

2/
9

O
c=1

c=

Question 3 Parametric Equations [14 marks]

Q

Solution

(i)

1
x = a 1 +
t
dx
a
= 2
dt
t

(ii)

(iii)

1
y = at 2 , a > 0
t
dy
2

= a 1 + 3
dt
t
dy dy dt
2 t2
2

= = a 1 + 3 = t 2 1 + 3
dx dt dx
t a
t
,

1
9a dy 15
, x = a, y =
,
= .
2
2 dx 4
9a 15
Eqn of tangent: y +
= ( x + a)
2
4
4 y + 18a = 15x + 15a
4 y = 15 x 3a

When t =

1
4a t 2 = 15a 1 + 3a
t
t
3
2
4t 4 = 15t + 15t 3t 2
4t 3 12t 2 15t 4 = 0
1
Using GC, t = 4 or t = .
2
5
63

a
Cdts of Q: a,
4 16
At Q,

(iv)

As t , x a , y .
Asymptote: x = a

(iv)

O
- 2a

x
2a

X=

(v)

15
1 63
a+
Required area = a a
24
5 16
1323 2
=
a + a2
640

1 1
dt
t t4
4

1323 2
1

a + a 2 ln t + 3
640
3t 1

1323 2
21

a + a 2 ln 4
640
64

2 1113
+ ln 4
= a
640

1 a

a t 2 2 dt
t t
4

Question 4: Vectors [13 marks]

Q

Solution

(i)

ai( a + 3b ) = 0
2

a + 3aib = 0

1 + 3aib = 0 since a is a unit vector

1
aib =
3
2
Since angle between a and b is
,
3
2 aib
cos
=
3 a b
1
1 3
=
2 (1) b
2
(shown)
b =
3
(ii)

( b 2a )i( b 2a ) = b 2a 2
2

b + 4 a 4aib = b 2a

4
2
1
+ 4 4 = b 2a
9
3
52 2 13
=
9
3
By Ratio theorem,
OP = b + (1 ) a
b 2a =

(iii)

2
Note that a b = a b sin
3

=
3

Area of triangle OAP

1
1
= a p = a ( b + (1 ) a )
2
2
1
= a b + (1 ) a a
2
1
= ab
2
3
=
6

Section B: Statistics [60 marks]

Question 5 Sampling Methods [3 marks]
Q

Solution

(i)

It is difficult to obtain the sampling frame.

(ii)

The surveyors can position themselves at the

entrance of the megastore before the store opens for
business. The surveyors will choose the first patron
at random from the first 50 patrons leaving the
megastore.
The surveyors can then select every 50th patron
leaving the megastore after the first patron has been
selected.

Question 6 Probability [7 marks]

Q
(i)

Solutions
P(exactly 2 mint centres)
7 6 13
=
3 or
20 19 18
=

(ii)

C2 13C1
20

or

C2

( 8C1 + 5C1 )
20

C3

C3

91
380

P(At least two have same centre)

= 1 P(All have different centre)
=1

=
(iii)

5 7 8
3!
20 19 18

or

C1 7C1 8C1
20

C3

43
57

P(Exactly one strawberry centre | at least two have same

centre)
=

8 5 4
8 7 6
3+ 3
20 19 18
or 20 19 18
= 20
5 7 8
43
C3 C1 C1 C1
57
8

C1 5C2 + 7C2

62
215

Question 7 Poisson and binomial distributions [9 marks]

Q
(i)

Solutions
Let X be the r.v denoting the number of floods
occuring in a period of 8 months.
X ~ Po (

5
8 )
12

X ~ Po (

10
)
3

P( X 3) = 0.572986
0.573 (3 s.f)
(ii)

Let Y be the r.v denoting the number of 8-month

periods where at most 3 floods occur out of 10 such
periods.
Y ~ B(10, 1 0.572986)
P(Y 7) = 1 P(Y 6)
= 0.0777

(iii)

Let W be the r.v denoting the number of floods

occuring in a period of 6 years.
W ~ Po (30)
Since = 30 > 10 ,
W ~ N(30, 30) approximately

P(5 < W 32) = P(5.5 < W < 32.5) (by c.c)

= 0.675957
0.676 (3 s.f)

Question 8 P&C [8 marks]

Q
(i)

Solutions
No. of ways = (41)! 5!
= 720

(ii)

No. of ways = (5 1)! 5C3 3!

= 1440

(iii)

No. of ways = 8! = 40320

No. of different selections

= 210 - 1
=1023

Question 9 Correlation & Regression [10 marks]

Q
(i)

Solutions
x
88

10

t
8

(ii)

55

Model C is appropriate.
Reason: the data points in the scatter diagram show
that as t increases, x increases with increasing
amounts. Therefore x = e a +bt is the most suitable
model.
x = e a +bt
ln x = a + b t

(iii)

Using GC,
r = 0.997
ln x = 1.96 + 0.0463 t
a = 1.96
b = 0.0463
Use regression line ln x = 1.96 + 0.04626t
Subst t = 36,
ln x = 1.96 + 0.04626(36)
x = 37.538

(iv)

= 38
The value of x obtained is reliable because t = 36 is
within the data range of t and the value of r is close
to +1.

Question 10 Normal Distribution [11 marks]

Q

Solutions
Let T be the r.v. denoting the mass of a randomly chosen
jar of Tasty jam, and
Y be the r.v. denoting the mass of a randomly chosen jar
of Yummy jam.
T ~ N(300, 42), Y ~ N(350, 52).

(i)

T1 T2 ~ N( 0, 32)
P( | T1 T2 | > 10 ) = 2P( T1 T2 > 10 )
= 0.0771
4!
= 0.00253
3!

(ii)

P (Y > 355 ) P (Y 345 ) 3

(iii)

T + + T10 + Y1 + + Y5
Let A = 1
15
E(A) =

1
4750 950
=
( 300 10 + 350 5 ) =
15
15
3

Var(A) =

19
42 10 + 52 5) =
(
15
152
1

P(317 < A < 322 ) = 0.384

Question 11 Hypothesis Testing [13 marks]

Q

Solutions

(a)(i) H0: = 2.7

H1: < 2.7
Test at 4% sig level.
Under H0, T =

X 2.7
S

~ t9

(Optional: x = 2.378, s = 0.49848 or s 2 = 0.2484844, n = 10 )

p-value = 0.0357 < 0.04
Reject H0 and conclude that there is significance evidence, at
4% sig level, that the mean earnings per share in 2011 is less
than $2.70.
Assume that the earnings per share follow a normal
distribution.
(ii)

p value

(b)

Therefore the smallest significance level is 3.57%.

Given sample variance = 0.752.

(i)

s2 =

significance level

75
(0.75) 2 = 0.57010135
74

H0: = 2.7
H1:

2.7

Test at 2% sig level.

H1 accepted H0 rejected, test statistic lies in CR.
i.e. z =

x 2.7
0.57010135 / 75

> 2.326347

or

z=

x 2.7
0.57010135 / 75

x > 2.90 or

x < 2.50

< 2.326347

(b)
(ii)

Since sample size is large, by Central Limit theorem, X

follows normal distribution. (If students are using a Z-test).
OR

(b)
(iii)

The value of s2 is close to the value of the population

variance.
At the 2% level of significance means that there is a
probability of 0.02 that the test indicates that the population
mean earnings per share is not $2.70 when in fact the
population mean earnings per share is $2.70.