Web 3.
0-A New approach to World Wide Web
Abstract- Web 3.0 is a term used to
describe the future of the World Wide Web.
Following the introduction of the phrase
"Web 2.0" as a description of the recent
evolution of the Web, many technologists,
journalists, and industry leaders have used
the term "Web 3.0" to hypothesize about a
future wave of Internet innovation.
Views on the next stage of the World Wide
Web's evolution vary greatly. Some believe
that emerging technologies such as the
Semantic Web will transform the way the
Web is used, and lead to new possibilities in
artificial intelligence. Other visionaries
suggest that increases in Internet connection
speeds, modular web applications, or
advances in computer graphics will play the
key role in the evolution of the World Wide
Web.
I. INTRODUCTION
Just in case you missed it, the web now
has version numbers. Nearly three years ago,
amid continued hand-wringing over the dot-
com crash, a man named Dale Dougherty
dreamed up something called Web 2.0, and
the idea soon took on a life of its own. In the
beginning, it was little more than a rallying
cry, a belief that the Internet would rise
again. But as Dougherty's O'Reilly Media
put together the first Web 2.0 Conference in
late 2005, the term seemed to trumpet a
particular kind of online revolution, a World
Wide Web of the people.
Web 2.0 came to describe almost any site,
service, or technology that promoted sharing
and collaboration right down to the Net's
grass roots. That includes blogs and wikis,
tags and RSS feeds, del.icio.us and Flickr,
MySpace and YouTube. Because the
concept blankets so many disparate ideas,
some have questioned how meaningful—
and how useful—it really is, but there's little
doubt it owns a spot in our collective
consciousness. Whether or not it makes
sense, we now break the history of the Web
into two distinct stages: Today we have Web
2.0, and before that there was Web 1.0.
Fig.1. Web 2.0
Which raises the question: What will
Web 3.0 look like? Yes, it's too early to say
for sure. In many ways, even Web 2.0 is a
work in progress. But it goes without saying
that new Net technologies are always under
development—inside universities, think
tanks, and big corporations, as much as
Silicon Valley start-ups—and blogs are
already abuzz with talk of the Web's next
generation.
To many, Web 3.0 is something called
the Semantic Web, a term coined by Tim
Berners-Lee, the man who invented the
(first) World Wide Web. In essence, the
Semantic Web is a place where machines
can read Web pages much as we humans
read them, a place where search engines and
software agents can better troll the Net and
find what we're looking for. "It's a set of
standards that turns the Web into one big
database," says Nova Spivack, CEO of
Radar Networks, one of the leading voices
of this new-age Internet. [1].
II. HISTORY
The term Web 3.0 first appeared
prominently in early 2006 in a blog article
by Jeffrey Zeldman critical of Web 2.0 and
associated technologies such as Ajax.
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WEB
1.0, 2.0, AND 3.0
We all hear the term “web 2.0″ being used
hundreds of times a week. It’s all over the
Internet and it pervades modern technical
conversation to the point of being cliché.
But what does “2.0″ really mean? What
came before it? And what’s coming next?
Here are some basics.
1. Web 1.0 A system of interlinked,
hypertext documents accessed via the
Internet. With a Web browser, a user views
Web pages that may contain text, images,
and other multimedia and navigates between
them using hyperlinks. Companies publish
content that people consume (e.g. CNN)
2. Web 2.0 A perceived second
generation of web-based communities and
hosted services — such as social-networking
sites, wikis and folksonomies — which
facilitate collaboration and sharing between
users. People publish content that other
people can consume, companies build
platforms that let people publish content for
other people (e.g. Flickr, YouTube,
Adsense, Wikipedia, Blogger, MySpace,
RSS, Digg)
3. Web 3.0 This is the current holy
grail — the semantic web. The semantic
web represents a shift from documents to
data, meaning that data will be presented to
humans and computers alike that can be
manipulated in various ways.
The semantic web is an evolving
extension of the World Wide Web in which
web content can be expressed not only in III. INNOVATIONS ASSOCIATED
natural language, but also in a form that can WITH "WEB 3.0"
be read and used by software agents, thus
permitting them to find, share and integrate
information more easily. Using the semantic
web will be similar to asking a personal
assistant to help you accomplish something.
You might say, “Find me all bilingual
Porsche dealers within 200 miles that are
open on Sunday, and add their sales staff
contacts information to my address book.
Also, let me know if any of their employees
Fig.2. The Changing Intraweb-From
have published contacts within 2 degrees of
1.0 to 3.0
separation from me.” This will be possible
because all that information (business type,
A. WEB-BASED APPLICATIONS
language proficiencies, location, contact
AND DESKTOPS
information, etc.) will be available through
Web 3.0 technologies, such as intelligent
the company’s Internet presence. And most
software that utilize semantic data, have
importantly, this information will be easily
been implemented and used on a small scale
processed and manipulated by any
by multiple companies for the purpose of
semantically-aware software agent. That’s
more efficient data manipulation. In recent
web 3.0. People build applications that other
years, however, there has been an increasing
people can interact with, companies build
focus on bringing semantic web
platforms that let people publish services by
technologies to the general public.
leveraging the associations between people
or special content (e.g. FaceBook, My
B. TRANSFORMING THE WEB
Yahoo!) [4], [5] Google Maps
INTO A DATABASE
The first step towards a "Web 3.0" is the
emergence of "The Data Web" as structured
data records are published to the Web in
reusable and remotely queryable formats,
such as XML, RDF and microformats. The
recent growth of SPARQL technology
provides a standardized query language and
API for searching across distributed RDF
databases on the Web. The Data Web
enables a new level of data integration and
application interoperability, making data as
openly accessible and linkable as Web
pages. The Data Web is the first step on the
path towards the full Semantic Web. In the
Data Web phase, the focus is principally on
making structured data available using RDF.
The full Semantic Web stage will widen the
scope such that both structured data and
even what is traditionally thought of as
unstructured or semi-structured content
(such as Web pages, documents, etc.) will be
widely available in RDF and OWL semantic
formats.
C. AN EVOLUTIONARY PATH TO
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Web 3.0 has also been used to describe
an evolutionary path for the Web that leads
to artificial intelligence that can reason
about the Web in a quasi-human
fashion.However, companies such as IBM
and Google are implementing new
technologies that are yielding surprising
information such as making predictions of
hit songs from mining information on
college music Web sites. There is also
debate over whether the driving force behind
Web 3.0 will be intelligent systems, or
whether intelligence will emerge in a more
organic fashion, from systems of intelligent
people, such as via collaborative filtering
services like del.icio.us, Flickr and Digg that
extract meaning and order from the existing
Web and how people interact with it.
D. THE REALIZATION OF THE
SEMANTIC WEB AND SOA
Related to the artificial intelligence
direction, Web 3.0 could be the realization
and extension of the Semantic web concept.
Academic research is being conducted to
develop software for reasoning, based on
description logic and intelligent agents. Such
applications can perform logical reasoning
operations using sets of rules that express
logical relationships between concepts and
data on the Web. Sramana Mitra differs on
the viewpoint that Semantic Web would be
the essence of the next generation of the
Internet and proposes a formula to
encapsulate Web 3.0. Web 3.0 has also been
linked to a possible convergence of Service-
oriented architecture and the Semantic web.
E. EVOLUTION TOWARDS 3D
Another possible path for Web 3.0 is
towards the 3 dimensional vision
championed by the Web3D Consortium. Nova Spivack defines Web 3.0 as the third
This would involve the Web transforming decade of the Web (2010–2020) during
into a series of 3D spaces, taking the which he suggests several major
concept realized by Second Life further. complementary technology trends will reach
This could open up new ways to connect and new levels of maturity simultaneously
collaborate using 3D shared spaces. Web 3.0 including:
as an "Executable" Web Abstraction Layer 1. Transformation of the Web
Where Web 1.0 was a "read-only" web, with from a network of separately soiled
content being produced by in large by the applications and content repositories to a
organizations backing any given site, and more seamless and interoperable whole.
Web 2.0 was an extension into the "read- 2. Ubiquitous connectivity,
write" web that engaged users in an active broadband adoption, mobile Internet access
role, Web 3.0 could extend this one step and mobile devices;
further by allowing people to modify the site 3. Network computing,
itself. With the still exponential growth of software-as-a-service business models, Web
computer power, it is not inconceivable that services interoperability, distributed
the next generation of sites will be equipped computing, grid computing and cloud
with the resources to computing;
4. Open technologies, open
APIs and protocols, open data formats,
open-source software platforms and open
data (e.g. Creative Commons, Open Data
License);
5. Open identity, OpenID, open
reputation, roaming portable identity and
personal data;
Fig.4. The Semantic Web run user-
6. The intelligent web,
contributed code on them.
Semantic Web technologies such as RDF,
OWL, SWRL, SPARQL, GRDDL, semantic
F. PROPOSED EXPANDED
application platforms, and statement-based
DEFINITION
datastores;
7. Distributed databases, the V. FUTURE INVASION OF WEB
"World Wide Database" (enabled by 3.0
Semantic Web technologies); and What will Web 3.0 look like? Who
8. Intelligent applications, knows? But here are a few possibilities.
natural language processing, machine
learning, machine reasoning, and
autonomous agents. [2] A. The Semantic Web
IV. TOMORROW'S WEB, TODAY A Web where machines can read sites as
In some respects, Web 3.0 is nothing easily as humans read them (almost). You
more than a parlor game. Ideas tossed out ask your machine to check your schedule
here and there. But at the very least, these against the schedules of all the dentists and
ideas have roots in current trends. Many doctors within a 10-mile radius—and it
companies, from HP and Yahoo! to Radar obeys.
Networks, are adopting official Semantic B. The 3D Web
Web standards. Polar Rose and Ojos are A Web you can walk through. Without
improving image search. Google and leaving your desk, you can go house hunting
Microsoft are moving toward 3D. No one across town or take a tour of Europe. Or you
can predict what Web 3.0 will look like. But can walk through a Second Life–style virtual
one thing's for sure: It'll happen.[1] world, surfing for data and interacting with
others in 3D.
C. The Media-Centric Web
A Web where you can find media using
other media—not just keywords. You
supply, say, a photo of your favorite
painting and your search engines turn up
hundreds of similar paintings.
D. The Pervasive Web
A Web that's everywhere. On your PC. On
Fig.6. Second Life your cell phone. On your clothes and
jewelry. Spread throughout your home and
office. Even your bedroom windows are
online, checking the weather, so they know
when to open and close.
VI. WHAT IF, IN THE FUTURE
In the web 2.0 generation, web sites
began to do amazing things to break through
the limitations of their underlying protocol
and markup language (http and HTML,
respectively). In a way, this would be like
“Web 2.0 meets massively multiplayer
online gaming”. I don’t like the word
gaming here as it suggests something that is
only for entertainment, and ultimately,
inconsequential. Rather, I believe that true
value and immediate person-to-person
interaction will be possible, be it on a
commercial, scientific, entertainment, or
personal level. Our own contribution to the
growing number of new web 2.x - or shall
we dare call it web 3.0 - applications is
TheBroth, The Global Mosaic. This is a web
site where you can collaborate in real time
with other users from around the world,
dragging tiles to create mosaic-like artworks
with other users in the room. It fulfills the
paradigm described in this article, namely
web 2.0 with all the trimmings, user
generated content, blogs, a social
networking system, chat, forum, sharing,
rating, commenting, you name it but it adds
another dimension by being LIVE (as seen )
on the live player map, active rooms page,
site map [3]. thing of the past, so much so
that in the web 3.0 era, by means of
evolution and the pressure to adapt, only
quality sites that really are user-centric and
user-friendly will prevail. One can only
hope.[3]
CONCLUSION:
We don’t know yet whether there will be
another noticeable paradigm shift that yet
again will give a new moniker to a new type
of web site. Maybe from now on the web
will continue to develop in a rather fluid
manner and we may not see another discrete
change as seen with what we now, in
hindsight, label web 2.0. What we do know
is that more and more users come to the
internet, and with ADSL2+ and cable more
and more users have high speed internet
access that is now fast enough to make
online video a serious threat to TV ratings.
New internet users that are now coming to
the web, uninfluenced by the web-that-was,
expect services to be timely, uninterrupted,
error free, and above all, intuitive to use,
with a friendly and inviting look that makes
the term “user friendly website” a pleonasm,
References
[1] http://www.pcmag.com/
article2/0,1759,2102852,00.asp
[2] http://www.information-
nline.com/Web+3.0.127.node
[3]http://www.thebroth.com/blog/194/web-
20-massively-multiplayer-web-30
[4]
http://www.awadallah.com/blog/2007/08/25/
define-web-30-web-20-web-10/
[5] http://dmiessler.com/blog/the-difference-
between-web-10-20-and-30