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vessels incorporating suitable type of agitator that brings out even distribution in the
vessel. It may be paddle, anchor or turbine depending upon the situations.
Applications: Agitated vessels are commonly employed in chemical industries for
variety of purposes such as mixing, dissolution, dilution, neutralization, crystallization.
In such cases, addition or removal of heat is conveniently done by heat transfer
surface that may be in the form of jacket fitted out side the vessel or a helical coil
fitted to the inside.
The rate of heat transfer depends upon the physical properties of the agitated
liquid, heating and cooling media, vessel geometry, and degree of agitation.
Film coefficients for jacket and coil: hi inside film coefficient is given by
hi d
dv
= 0.023
k
0.8
Cp
3 .5 d
hi (Coil ) = hi (Straight )1 +
dc
N Re =
nd a
This number is very useful as correlating variable for heat transfer to jackets or
coils in agitated vessel.
For heating or cooling liquids in baffled agitated vessel equipped with helical coil
and turbine agitator , is given by
nd 2
hc d c
= 0.17 a
k
0.67
Cp
0.37
da
dt
d c
d t
0.5
0.24
T Ta UAt T
ln s
=
Ts Tb mC p
Note: when the heat transfer coefficient of one of the process fluid is very low as
compared to the other, such conditions extended surface heat exchanger can be
used.
Note: In extended surface heat exchanger the low heat transfer coefficient fluid (air) is
passed through the out side of the heat exchanger.
Note: The rate of heat transfer in scraped surface heat exchanger is given by
t
Q
= 2k (Tw T ) T
A
hi = 2
C p k
t T
Note: The time interval between the passages of successive blades over a given element
of area in scraped surface heat exchanger is given by
tT =
1
, where n=Agitator speed, B =number of blades carried by shaft.
nB
Note: From the above relation, the heat transfer coefficient in scraped surface heat
exchanger is given by
hi = 2
C p knB