Langara College

Geography 1120

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment

Answer Sheet

Name: Ahmad Altuijri

Student Number: 100247609

1. The North
a.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

6429'59.20"N , 11014'18.54"W
11 years, from March 1992 to January 2003
55 million year ago, 400 meter below the surface.
To maintain permafrost
Aboriginal persons, because of the commitment to Socio-Economic Monitoring
Agreement with the Government of the Northwest Territories.

i.
ii.
iii.

1942, to serve as an American air base.

John Graham
Distant Early Warning line radar was built to detect any attack from a wide sector
of Europe and Asia. According to Wikipedia: It was set up to detect incoming
Soviet bombers during the Cold War, and provide early warning of a land based
invasion. it did stretch for 3000 mile.

i.
ii.
iii.

It means place with no dawn

15.7 C (3.7 F)
Because Canadian government was feared that U.S would occupy the Canadian
Artic, thus several families were relocated to strengthen Canadas hold on the
region.
Canadian Government fearing a USA occupation of the Canadian Artic relocated
seven Inuit families from Northern Quebec

b.

c.

d.

e.

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Pingo

Inuvik
Dempster highway
1958 , Oil and gas
Tuktoyaktuk, NT

2. Ontario
a.
i. Border of Ontario, Canada and New York, USA
ii. Lake Erie into Lake Ontario
iii. Niagara Falls were formed when glaciers receded at the end of the Wisconsin
glaciation (the last ice age), and water from the newly formed Great Lakes carved
a path through the Niagara Escarpment en route to the Atlantic Ocean

Langara College
Geography 1120

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment

iv.
v.
vi.

From 97 meter to 155 meter

1824,1829
The Von Papen Plot, because destroying this canal would cause a flood and to
disable the important waterway in the war
vii. Before it used to be farms and almost depopulated now more houses and people
live in there. I think because the war, it was not safe to live close to canals.
b.
i.
ii.

553.33, 1976
The tallest free-standing structure in the Western Hemisphere, a signature icon of
Toronto's skyline, and a symbol of Canada, attracting more than two million
international visitors annually. Also, It was the world's tallest tower.
iii. It is the most populated area in Canada.

c.
i.
ii.
iii.

63.4%.
32.8%
32, 80%

d.
i. 1857, by Queen Victoria
ii. 1922, because it was destroyed by a fire.
iii. 2028, $190 million
iv. Renewable energy such as wind power and solar power. Threats to global security
and concerns about the environment are the driving forces behind the rise of
various clean technologies.
e.
i.
ii.

iii.
iv.
v.

Nuclear Energy is the type of energy that dominates in Ontario, because it does
not produce CO2. It is eco friendly
Nuclear and coal-fired, because there is no need for extra power generator as the
consumption has decreased in the previous year, also the trend is green and
renewable energy.
Total output of 4124 MW (capacity net) and 4336 MW (gross net)
Done.
Ontario needed about 18,000 megawatts of power on average day. On a very hot
or cold day, it can need up to 25,000 megawatts.

f.
i.

It is a group of Automotive manufacturing that are close to each other

geographically in Ontario. It gives the area competitive advantages, such as
facility, skilled workers ..etc.
ii. 350

Langara College
Geography 1120

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment

iii.

Hino, Magna International, AGS Automotive, Dana Product Technologies Group

and Spencer ARL
iv. 90,000
v. 87000
vi. Yes

g.
i.
ii.
iii.

iv.

v.

vi.

vii.
viii.

50 billion dollar
Gold, copper, nickel, zinc and chromite
Chromite, a mineral ore that is mined from crystallized magma, is used in the
production of steel as a pigment and as a catalyst in many chemical reactions. It is
also an important component of the leather tanning process. Chromite is also
used to anodize aluminum for use in jet engines. In steel production, Chromite
Sand is used as well filler for protection of the sliding gate in large steel holding
ladles
Most of Northern Ontario is situated on the Canadian Shield, a vast rocky plateau.
The climate is characterized by extremes of temperature, extremely cold
in winter and hot in summer. It contains only about six per cent of the population.
Therefore northern Ontario has such a low density of roads and railway lines
when compared to southern Ontario
All these factors put together make the environment not ready for mining
development. For example, the lack of skilled and healthy workers, lack of
security.
The Federal government has a "responsible resource development" principle. It
aims to attract $650 billion in investment to quickly open up Canada's oilsands,
gas reserves and mining sectors to the world, making it easier for corporations to
extract natural resources as long as they do it responsibly. Also, the government
presented various programs and services for assistance to First Nations people.
Done
Yes, lots of mining activities

3. Quebec
a.
i.

ii.

iii.
iv.
v.

1,612,645, A census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) can

have more than one core. The core of a CMA must have a population of at least
50,000 and the core of a CA must have a population of at least 10,000.
English only 9.6%, French only 33.2%, French and English 56.8%. English speakers
in Montreal are more than most of Quebec city because of many immigrants who
choose to settle in Montreal speak English.
Mid-1970s, The Big O
It is a church.
The Church preserved the French culture in Canada. Under British Rule, The
peoples of Qubec were discriminated against their Catholic faith and their

Langara College
Geography 1120

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment

language. Thus, the church was considered one of the pillar of the survival of
French culture.
vi. Ok!
b.
i.
ii.

1608 by Samuel de Champlain

This is the area where Britain achieved victory over France on a battle named by
this area: Battle of the Plains of Abraham.
iii. Cannons and batteries along this street. 3 Rue de Remparts is a beautiful stretch
of tiny, narrow alleyway allowing access to the ramparts where you can sit on.
Alongside the ramparts are decorated with cannons and offers panoramic views of
the Lower Town, the St. Lawrence River and the Laurentian. A pleasant stroll
down the street allows you to recapture the atmosphere of the old fortified city
and a birds-eye view of Qubec Citys twinkling lights especially at night.
iv. The seigneurial system was an institutional form of land distribution established in
New France in 1627 and officially abolished in 1854. In New France, 80 per cent of
the population lived in rural areas governed by this system of land distribution
and occupation. It was adapted when settling in the St Lawrence lowland area
because it grants the people a vast land and excluding trading rights
v. This physical layout of seigneurial property developed as a means of maximizing
ease of transit, commerce, and communication by exploiting naturally occurring
riparian networks (most notably, the St. Lawrence river) and the relatively sparse
man-made infrastructure. A desirable plot had to be directly bordering or in very
close proximity to a river system, which plot-expansion was limited to one of two
directionsleft or right
c.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

v.
vi.

In the 1970s, Chisasibi was moved to higher ground to make way for a
government hydroelectric project that flooded the original site
19911992
2,106 MW
In essence, this agreement allowed the Qubec government to proceed with its
hydroelectric scheme and provided compensation to the Cree and Inuit for
surrendering their aboriginal claims. Their compensation included a cash
settlement of $225 million, the right to hunt on other land, and the power to
govern themselves
The Crees are ingesting methyl-mercury because of the mercury accumulation in
fish
It affects the Cree people by depriving them to fish on the lakes because doing so,
might affect their health. It also affects their means of living since, fishing is their
main factor for employment

Langara College
Geography 1120

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment

vii.

It allows the Cree to be the master in their own destiny and pursue their desired
way of life. Though, the rest of the effects were the rapid proliferation of the
bureaucracy of services and programs
viii. The Great Whale Project was cancelled because the citizens were horrified about
its negative effects on the environment and the people living there. The project
was called as an environmental racism, since it threatens life and the flora and
fauna of the place
ix. The Agreement Respecting a New Relationship Between the Cree Nation and the
Government of Quebec (La Paix des Braves), is an agreement signed on February
7, 2002, between the Government of Quebec and the Grand Council of the Crees
d.
i. Lac Saint Jean
ii. The average of a farmer in Quebec is 54 years old
iii. The premise of Pangea Terre Agricoles business model is that as time goes by,
Quebecs crop farmers are finding it tougher to eke out a living even as the worth
of their property increases, making it nearly impossible for some to pass on their
lands to their sons and daughters at fair market value. The feel the need of it
because it is needed to establish business partnerships with Quebec farmers to
make underused agricultural land more productive and allow the farmers to earn
more money
iv. It is a system of managing productions so they the farmers will produce what the
market requires, whether its milk, poultry eggs and the likes
v. Complex jurisdictions, Quota buy-back expensive, 'unfeasible', Trade benefits
uncertain, Consumers pay, taxpayers don't, Rural economic benefits
vi. It was created in the case of dairy supply management, in particular it was in the
1950s when the dairy producers were having an extremely difficult time making
into meet and they need some sort of rationality in the system, processors in
particular were taking advantage on fragmented in dislocated markets and
driving prices down and the farmers couldnt make it
vii. Region A
viii. This will create a big impact in terms of the money. Because of the importation
of European cheese, the local farmers will have to spend a lot money in making a
new variety of cheese. It will also the overall revenue of a farm owners and cheese
makers since they are competing in European products
4. Atlantic Canada
a.
i. New Brunswick , Prince Edward island, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador
ii. 2, 369, 000
iii. New Brunswick - 2.2%, Newfoundland and Labrador - 1.5%, Prince Edward Island 0.4%, Nova Scotia - 2.8%. Total of 6.9%

Langara College
Geography 1120

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment

iv. 36.8%
v. rural
vi. It is well-known for as the place where the flight of the Friendship took off,
piloted by Amelia Earhart who became the first woman to fly across the Atlantic
Ocean. It originates from the French word trepasses meaning 'dead men'
vii. it is the municipal distrcit in Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia. A 2,000 acres land
was given to Lt. Ranald MacKinnon and he called it Argyle(Argyll)
viii. More than 80%
ix. More than half of the people who lived there
x. Nursing home/ Seniors Complex
b.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

v.
vi.
vii.

viii.

12,900 meter
May 1997. and it cost $1.3 Billion
The Confederation Bridge (French: Pont de la Confdration) spans the Abegweit
Passage of Northumberland Strait
The Town of Halifax was founded by British government under the direction of
the Board of Trade and Plantations under the command of Governor Edward
Cornwallis in 1749. It was founded by the British military, as a fortress against
French interests in the Maritimes
Mix of communities black, white, native, immigrant, itinerant and Candaian,
middle-class, working class. Protestants and Catholic
Mont-Blanc December 6, 1917
The French cargo ship fully loaded with wartime explosives, was involved in a
collision with the Norwegian vessel SS Imo in the Narrows, a strait connecting the
upper Halifax Harbour to Bedford Basin. The Norwegian vessel SS Imo was in the
wrong channel and none of the two vessels moved to the right channel nor gave
way to the other vessel. Hence, collision was inevitable
The Mont-Blanc was carrying highly explosive cargo and the vessel was without
adequate and accessible firefighting equipment. When it exploded, a tsunami
created by the blast wiped out the nearby community of Mi'kmaq.

c.
i.
ii.

$400 million
A real-time monitoring and Odour Monitoring Program was done during this
period and the Ambient Air Monitoring Program was also done on a 6 day
schedule.
iii. The Sydney tar ponds was unveiled as a green space known as Open Hearth Park
after decades of work and hundreds of millions spent to clean up the site. The 39hectare green area features several sports fields, walking trails, art installations, a
playground and panels chronicling the plant's troubled history. The park, named
for the mill's old open furnaces, sits atop a solidified mixture of cement and the
toxic brew from the former steel plant that went into operation in the early 1900s

Langara College
Geography 1120

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment

iv.

v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.

and employed generations of Cape Bretoners. The sediment was buried about two
metres below and topped with various layers, covering up the residual slag that
residents said sickened them, led to high rates of cancer, fouled the air and
poisoned their homes and yards. Some people especially residents living near
Canadas worst toxic waste dump were still unhappy with the outcome. Some
even have reservations about the method used, which was selected after a
widespread public outcry led to the rejection of earlier proposals to incinerate or
encapsulate the material
IBA stands for Impacts and Benefits Agreements, which is a formal contract
outlining the impacts of the project, the commitment and responsibilities of both
parties, and how the associated Aboriginal community will share in benefits of the
operation through employment and economic development. This agreement will
provide education, training, job and business opportunities, financial
arrangement, environmental protection, to Innu and Inuit.
The generating power is 5,428 MW from the massive Churchill Falls. HydroQubec receives the vast majority of the power
On 2016, the energy contract is automatically renewed for 25 years
Muskrat Falls is a natural 15 metre waterfall
Generation station
Newfoundland intends to sell power to Nova Scotia and other neighbouring
jurisdictions.

d.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

1979
5.8 billion
5800
Hibernia was constructed approximately 315 kilometres (196 mi) east-southeast
of St. John's, in Newfoundland, Canada, in 80 m of water
v. Members of the Elsipogtog and Mi'kmaq First Nations tribes demonstrated their
concern over the proposed shale-gas project and 2D seismic imaging done near
their reserve by Southwest Energy (SWN) Resources Canada, a subsidiary of
Southwestern Energy Company. The locals claim that the project lack consultation
and that SWN was operating illegally on tribal land
vi. Shale gas extraction involves fracking, a method of gas extraction where water is
mixed with sand and chemicals and injected at high pressure into a wellbore to
create small fractures, yielding natural gas and petroleum. In the process, it
pollutes ground water, which now bears toxic chemicals and dangerously high
levels of radiation, as well as emitting foul odors

e.
i.

To protect it, officials feared they would disappear entirely if the fisheries
remained open.

Langara College
Geography 1120

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment

ii.

The moratorium put about 30,000 people in the province out of work and ended a
way of life that had endured for generations in many outport communities. It also
made evident the vulnerability of marine resources to overexploitation and that
existing regulatory regimes were insufficient to protect cod stocks.
iii. The increasingly efficient technology, which allowed fishers to find and harvest
unprecedented amounts of cod. Another factor is that some used stronger vessels
that allowed fleets from around the world to visit and work on the Grand Banks
for months at a time. At the same time, regulations safeguarding cod stocks did
not evolve alongside the world's ability to harvest fish, and governments or
international bodies sometimes assigned quotas based on economic factors rather
than ecological ones. Although conservation programs were presented, officials
consistently overestimated the size of cod stocks and, as a result, also
overestimated the amount of cod fishers could harvest at sustainable levels. This
resulted in an overexploitation of northern cod, which ultimately forced the
government to impose a moratorium
iv. Although the cod fishery supported workers for hundreds of years, a variety of
changes occurred during the 20th century that made the industry much less
sustainable as compared before. Among these were advances in fishing
technologies that dramatically increased the ability of fishers to find and harvest
large quantities cod. For instance, changes to vessel and net design, as well as the
introduction of electronic navigational aids and fish-finding instruments. In the
inshore fishery (a local industry that took place in the province's coastal waters),
workers replaced small open boats with larger and more powerful decked vessels
known as longliners. These vessels could travel further and faster than dories,
punts, and schooners, allowing fishers to reach productive fishing grounds with
greater ease than ever before.
5. Western Canada
a. Alberta - 3,790,200, Saskatchewan - 1,066,300, Manitoba - 1,233,700, the total is:
6,090,200
i. Because of the factors that involved the increase of the revenue of the economy
or the economic growth. This is also due to the influx of different businesses,
exportation of products and other industries
ii. 7, which are: Martensville, Chestermere, Warman, Beaumont, Airdire, Leduc and
Okotoks
b.
i. Palliser's Triangle, or the Palliser Triangle, is a largely semi-arid steppe region in
the Prairie Provinces of Western Canada that was determined to be unsuitable for
agriculture because of its unfavourable climate. The triangle is defined by
comparatively great aridity. The entire region is characterized by a significant
annual moisture deficit, such that evaporation exceeds precipitation. And the

Langara College
Geography 1120

ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.

xi.

xii.
xiii.

xiv.
xv.

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment
most critical climatic characteristic of the region is the common occurrence of
droughts.
4,046.86 sq m
Wheat, soybeans, canola, barley and oats corn for grain and dry field peas are
considered as the principal crops
52%
Anticipated decrease of the seeding by 1.9 percent
16.5%
9.2% decline
Yes
Under 1000 of the animals only remained
Regarding the Bison recovery to a sustainable population, Tom Olson stated that
the recovery project of Bison wont take years or decades, It might actually take
centuries
Ranchers against the idea because bisons destroy the fescue grass through
overgrazing and thus alter the Prairie landscape making it less resistant to
drought. Furthermore, bisons should not kept in one place due to the risk they can
get of diseases, also there should be a separation between clean and carriers
bison, resistance from the ranchers is also due to a fear that their way of life is
being threatened.
It enables other living things to exist, such as insects and other animals that were
believed extinct
Grain Elevators are important to the regional geography of Western Canada
because it serves as the central point of commercial activity in small communities
in which, farmers could easily load their products and get paid in exchange. In
addition, it also portrays a cultural heritage and some were converted into
museums and art galleries
It seems that the number of prairie farms is constantly decreasing as years pass by
It serves as a disadvantage because, small farmers with small production will go
to supermarkets to load their grains.

c.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.

61,374
47,705
76,000
Because the vital need to expand and the land surrounding it is owned by oil
companies.
2030
THERE IS NO QUEATION
Alberta is in the third rank and its total percentage of the global total is 55%
142,200 (km2) , 97%
About 1,700

Langara College
Geography 1120
x.
xi.
xii.
xiii.
xiv.
xv.
xvi.
xvii.
xviii.
xix.
xx.

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment
About 121,500
About 80-95 percent
An oil sand a deposit of loose sand or partially consolidated sandstone containing
petroleum or other hydrocarbons
Current forecasts indicate that by 2022, bitumen production will increase to 3.8
million bbl/d
55%
Almost $125 billion
It is because, a lot of people were against the Oil Sands due to its negative effects
to the environment
11,400 metric tons
Major oil spill repeated annually
Mercury, aluminum, and selenium
Seven times higher than expected

6. British Columbia
a.
i. The vivid turquoise color of the water, caused by powdered limestone, is most
spectacular in July as the snow melts from the surrounding mountains.
ii. Yes.
iii. Is a type of landform that is characterized by long sinuous gravel ridges.
iv. They were created when sand and gravel were deposited in the meltwater
channels of ancient glaciers that once blanketed this northern region
b.
i. 75
ii. 230 million L a year, they pay nothing,
c.
i. The salmons are considered people, Chefs children.
ii. Gather up all the salmon bones, place them on cedar bark and return them to the
river. It is type of honouring the salmons.
iii. 1913
iv. A dramatic drop in the salmon run
v. 30 years
vi. An anadromous fish is a fish which spawns in freshwater, migrates to the ocean
to grow up then returns to freshwater to spawn and complete its lifecycle.
vii. 7
viii. 15 days
ix. 2,500 to 7,500 eggs
x. Yes, First Nations of B.C. have relied on salmon as a primary source of subsistence
before the salmon populations began declining. Furthermore, First Nation people

Langara College
Geography 1120

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment

believe that disrespecting the salmons or dishonour them will cause them not to
back again.
xi. Farmed-salmon could be spreading disease into the wild
xii. 8 years
d.
i. 100,000
ii. 1858
iii. 1871
iv. 1866, 1868
v. 1880s, 15000 Chinese workers.
vi. 4 men
vii. November 7, 1885, at Craigellachie
viii. It unites the country and connects it from east to west.
ix. 1862
x. 66.67%
e.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.

ix.
x.
xi.
xii.
xiii.
xiv.
xv.
xvi.
xvii.
xviii.
xix.

Japan
3 years
Dinosaur foot prints
Difficult market conditions and lower prices.
Will be shut down
700 workers
1093
Some are against this project because the risk it will bring to the wildlife include
oil spill, also because the infringed upon the rights of communities living along
pipelines path. While others support this project because the economic benefits it
will bring include reduction in oil transpiration and create new jobs.
25 billion dollar. Because there will be a refinery in Kitimat that will create 3000
jobs.
3rd
3
To meet Chinese and Singapore company to seek a potential of exporting BC
natural gas to China
It will benefit and strengthen the BC economy.
-160 c
600 times less
From new dam at Peace River, BC.
Many farmlands around the dam will be flooded include several dozen homes,
several highways and territory for first nation used for hunting.
225
Fiber supply

Langara College
Geography 1120
xx.
xxi.
xxii.
xxiii.
xxiv.

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment
18.3 million hectares
-25 c
Mature lodgepole
57%
Yes

Langara College
Geography 1120

Summer 2014
Google Earth Assignment

Plese cut and paste a screenshot of your placemarkers below this.