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Force Classes
(I) Contact force
When a force acts on an object it
may be one of two classes:
Contact force which is due to
physical contact with another
object.
Examples of these forces are:
1. The force one exerts when he
pulls on a coiled spring
2. The force exerted by a football
player to kick the ball,
F = F1 + F2,.
3
2
1
2,
2,
3
3
Fnet = F = 0
Fx = 0
Fy = 0
Fz = 0
Example 1
A ball with a mass m = 5 kg is suspended
from a ceiling by means of a cord. when a
horizontal force F is applied to the ball as
in fig the ball hangs in equilibrium with the
cord making an angle of 35o with respect
to the vertical. What is the magnitude of
the force F and what is the tension T.
Solution
Fx = F
- T sin 35 = 0
Fx = T cos 35 mg = 0
T sin 35 = F
T cos 35 = mg
350
F
mg
Example II
A block with a mass m =10 kg rests on an inclined
plane as shown in the following diagram. What
mass M must be attached to the cord in order to
prevent the block from sliding down
y.
Solution
For the mass m resolve the weight
x
mg into two components one in x- axis
mg sin 30 and one in y-axis. mg cos 30
Then applying = 0,
T -mg sin 30 = 0
T = mg sin 30
(1)
and applying
S Fy =0 for the y- components we get
N = mg cos 30.
For the second mass M we have
T - Mg = 0
T =Mg
(2)
From 1 and 2 we get
Mg = mg sin 30
M = 10 sin 30 = 5 kg
m
F
F2
Fnet
a
F=ma
F is the net force acting on the object.
To Study the motion of the object we need to know the forces acting on
the object not the forces the body exerts on other objects.
.
m
-F
F ne
F1
a
m
F2
is the coefficient
of kinetic friction, and
is different for every
pair of surfaces.
Fmax = s N
we get
s N = mg sin
s mg cos = mg sin
s = tan
(5-1)
Centrifugation
A centrifuge works by
spinning very fast. This
means there must be a
very large centripetal
force. The object at A
would go in a straight
line but for this force; as
it is, it winds up at B.
(5-5)