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DOCUMENT No

PJS

12004

STRUCTURAL
CALCULATIONS

Peter Smith B Eng (Hons) C Eng


FICE FIStructE
Tel: 07557 787 351
peter@pjstructures.co.uk

Copyright of the design belongs to


and remains the property of
PJStructures Ltd and may not be
reproduced or distributed in any way
or for any purposes without their
written consent.

PROJECT TITLE

CLIENT

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Mr xxxxxxxxxxx
E
Harvey
xxxxxxxxx

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63
Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN
SHEET No

SUBJECT

1 of

Structural Steelwork for Proposed Extension


ISSUE

TOTAL
SHEETS

33

AUTHOR

DATE

CHECKED BY

DATE

PJSmith

24/01/12

PJS

25/01/12

33

COMMENTS

2
3
4
5
SUPERSEDES DOC No

ra
ct
)

DATE

Building Regulations Part A: 2010


BS EN 1990: 2002 Basis of structural design
BS EN 1991-1: Actions on structures
BS EN 1993-1-1: 2005 Design of steel structures
BS 5628-1:2005 Structural use of unreinforced masonry
sonry

1 hour

Intended use of
structure
Fire Resistance
Requirements

Sp
ec
im
en

Domestic/Residential

(e

xt

Relevant Building
Regulations and
Design Codes

From BS EN 1991-1: Actions


and relevant National Annex
ons
s on structure
struct
General Loading
Conditions

Imposed Load = 1.5


5 kN/m
N/m2
Roof imposed Load
oad = 0.6 kN/m
kN 2

Wind Loading
Conditions

Not Applicable

Exposure Conditions

Internal environment

Not applicable

Subsoil Conditions

Not applicable

Foundation Type

Steel grade S275; Assumed masonry compressive strength 7.3 N/mm 2

Material data

Other relevant
information

PJStructures Ltd, 11 Wainwright Close, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 7QS

Project

PJS

Job no.

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63 Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN

PJStructures Ltd
11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare
BS22 7QS

Calcs for

12004
Page no.

Structural Steelwork for Proposed Extension


Calcs by

PJSmith

Checked by

Calcs date

24/01/2012

REFERENCE

2 of 33

Checked date

PJS

25/01/2012

CALCULATIONS

Introduction
The client wishes to extend the ground floor at the rear of the property. A single
storey extension is proposed comprising pitched timber trusses spanning onto
cavity walls.

ct

These calculations are for the following structural elements:


ements:
men

ra

a) The structural steelwork to enable the


he wall between
betwe the existing

xt

kitchen and dining room to be


e removed.
emoved

(e

b) The structural steelworkk to enable the rear


elevation of the property
r

Sp
ec
im
en

to be opened up
into the new extension
p to create
cre te an link
lin
l
c) The lintel above
glazed sliding doors.
ve the new
ne double
d

Further detailss are


re shown on the following Planning Application drawings:
SD-11/025/01
025/01
01

Existing
Plans
Ex

SD-11/025/02

Existing Elevations

SD-11/025/03
11/0
11/025

Proposed Plans

SD-11/025/04

Proposed Elevations

Stuart Davidson Surveyors Ltd

Project

PJS

Job no.

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63
Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN
Calcs for

PJStructures Ltd

Page no.

Structural Steelwork for Proposed Extension

11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare
BS22 7QS

Checked by

Calcs date

Calcs by

PJSmith

Minimum 200mm
bearing on
concrete
padstone min
215mm long and
215mm deep
(Grade C20).
This assumes
masonry has a
unit compressive
strength of 7.3
N/mm2

12004

24/01/2012

Checked date

PJS

25/01/2012

2300

3000

Minimum
100mm
bearing on
mortar bed

Clear span 1900

B1
B

(e
xt
ra
c

t)

New
w Kitchen
Kitche

Sp
ec
im
en

B2

3 of 33

B3

Clear span 4300

Reff

Section

B1
1

127 x 76 x 13 UKB S275

B2

305 x 102 x 23 UKB S275

B3

152 x 89 x 16 UKB S275

B4

New Dining
Room

Catnic CX50/100 or
152 x 89 x 16 UKB S275 with 6mm plate for outer leaf

Minimum
100mm
bearing on
mortar bed

B4

Clear span 4000


Note : The internal and external walls to be removed are load bearing. All work is to be
undertaken in accordance with good building practice. For further information refer to BRE Good
Building Guide 20 "Removal of Loadbearing walls.

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Sp
ec
im
en

(e
xt
ra
ct
)

4 of 33

PJS
PJStructures Ltd
11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare
BS22 7QS

Project

Job no.

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63 Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN
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Calcs for

Page no.

Structural Steelwork for Proposed Extension


Calcs by

PJSmith

Checked by

Calcs date

24/01/2012

PJS

5 of 33

Checked date

25/01/2012

2400

3000

CALCULATIONS

300

REFERENCE

12004

7800

Roof pitch = approx. 40 degrees

Project

PJS

Job no.

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63 Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN
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12004

Calcs for

PJStructures Ltd

Page no.

6 of 33

Structural Steelwork for Proposed Extension

11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare
BS22 7QS

Checked by

Calcs date

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PJSmith

24/01/2012

REFERENCE

Checked date

PJS

25/01/2012

CALCULATIONS

DEAD LOADS
Structural
Engineers
Pocket Book Fiona Cobb
Pages 34 - 37

1) Roof
0.55

kN/m2

0.20

Timber boards/plywood

0.15

kN/m
N/m2

Timber joists and insulation

0.20
.20

kN/m2

Ceiling and services

Slates, timber battens & felt

=
Timber rafters

ra
ct
)

2) Loft

kN/m

kN/m2

0.50

kN/m2

0.50

kN/m2

xt

0.75

kN/m
kN 2

(e

0.15
0.1

Sp
ec
im
en

3) First floor

Timber floorboards

0.15

kN/m2

Timber joists

0.20

kN/m2

Ceiling and services

0.15

kN/m2

4)) External w
wall

100 mm thick blockwork and render

2.0

kN/m2

100mm thick blockwork and plaster

2.0

kN/m2

3000approx

5) Roof Load at eaves level

DL

40degpitch

3900

0.75 x

3.75

5
kN/m

Project

PJS

Job no.

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63 Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN

12004

Calcs for

PJStructures Ltd

Page no.

7 of 33

Structural Steelwork for Proposed Extension

11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare
BS22 7QS

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Checked by

Calcs date

24/01/2012

REFERENCE

Checked date

PJS

25/01/2012

CALCULATIONS

IMPOSED LOADS
qk
0.60

kN/m2

0.90

kN

2) Loft ceiling space

1.50

kN/m2

2.00

kN

3) First Floor

1.50

kN/m2

2.00
00

kN

(e

xt

ra

ct

1) Roof

Sp
ec
im
en

National Annex
to BS EN 19911-1:2002
Tables NA.2,
NA.3 & NA.7

Qk

Project

PJS

Job no.

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63 Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN

PJStructures Ltd
11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare
BS22 7QS

Page no.

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REFERENCE

Eqn. 5.2

8 of 33

Structural Steelwork for Proposed Extension


PJSmith

I Struct E Manual
for the design of
building structures
to Eurocode 1 and
Basis of Structural
Design

12004

Calcs for

Checked date

PJS

25/01/2012

CALCULATIONS

SNOW LOAD

a) persistent/transient design situation


s = 1 Ce Ct s k
Where

Ce =

1.00

(exposure coefficient)

Ct =

1.00

(thermal
mal
al coefficient)
coeffici
coeffic

Fig 5.1

sk =

0.40

Fig 5.2

1 =

0.8

ct

kN/m2

ra

(snow load)
loa

xt

(snow loa
load shape factor)

= 0.80
80 x
0 2
0.32

Sp
ec
im
en

1.00

x 1.00 x

(e

Therefore

pg 88

kN/m2
kN

b) Exceptional snow
w drift
ft load (accidental
(accid
(a
action)
s = 1 sk

Fig 5.4

Where
ere

Therefore
Theref

1 =

1.2

s=

1.20 x

= 0.48

0.40
kN/m2

By inspection imposed load will be more onerous

0.40

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10 of 33

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11 of 33

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12 of 33

13 of 33
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Job no.

Project

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Calcs for

PJStructures Ltd

12004
Start page no./Revision

14 of 33

Beam B1

11 Wainwright Close
Calcs by

Weston-super-Mare

PJS

BS22 7QS

Calcs date

Checked by

25/01/2012

Checked date

PJS

26/01/12

STEEL BEAM ANALYSIS & DESIGN (EN1993-1-1:2005)


In accordance with EN1993-1-1:2005 incorporating Corrigenda February 2006 and April 2009 and the UK national
annex
TEDDS calculation version 3.0.03

Load Envelope - Combination 1


19.777

0.0
mm

2000
1

xt
ra

ct
)

Bending Moment Envelope

(e

kNm
0.0

9.888

9
9.9
2000
1

mm

kN
19.777

Shear Force Envelope


Sh

19.8

Sp

0.0

-19.777

-19.8

mm
m

2000
1

Support conditions
Support A

ec
im
en

Vertically restrained
Rotationally free

Support B

Vertically restrained
Rotationally free

Applied loading
Beam loads

Permanent self weight of beam u 1


Permanent full UDL 8.3 kN/m
Variable full UDL 5.6 kN/m

Load combinations
Load combination 1

Support A

Permanent u 1.35
Variable u 1.50

Span 1

Permanent u 1.35
Variable u 1.50

Job no.

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Calcs for

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Beam B1

11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare

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26/01/12
Permanent u 1.35

Support B

Variable u 1.50
Analysis results
Maximum moment;

Mmax = 9.9 kNm;

Mmin = 0 kNm

Maximum shear;

Vmax = 19.8 kN;

Vmin = -19.8 kN

Deflection;

Gmax = 1.2 mm;

Gmin = 0 mm
RA_min = 19.8 kN

Maximum reaction at support A;

RA_max = 19.8 kN;

Unfactored permanent load reaction at support A;

RA_Permanent = 8.4 kN

Unfactored variable load reaction at support A;

RA_Variable = 5.6 kN

Maximum reaction at support B;

RB_max = 19.8 kN;

Unfactored permanent load reaction at support B;

RB_Permanent = 8.4 kN

Unfactored variable load reaction at support B;

RB_Variable = 5.6 kN

RB_min = 19.8 kN

Section details

UKB 127x76x13 (Corus Advance)


vance)

Steel grade;

S275

ra

ct

Section type;

EN 10025-2:2004 - Hot rolled products of structural steels

6 mm
t = max(tf, tw) = 7.6
fy = 275 N/mm
mm2

Nominal ultimate tensile strength;

fu = 410 N/mm2

Modulus of elasticity;

0000
00 N/mm2
E = 210000

7.6

127

7.6
7

Sp
ec
im
en

(e

xt

Nominal thickness of element;


Nominal yield strength;

76

Partial factors - Section 6.1


Resistance of cross-sections;

JM0 = 1.00

Resistance of members to instability;

JM1 = 1.00

Resistance of tensile members to fracture;

JM2 = 1.10

Lateral restraint
Span 1 has lateral restraint at supports only
Effective length factors
Effective length factor in major axis;

Ky = 1.000

Effective length factor in minor axis;

Kz = 1.000

Effective length factor for torsion;

KLT.A = 1.000

Job no.

Project

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63 Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN
PJStructures Ltd

Calcs for

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Beam B1

11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare

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26/01/12

Classification of cross sections - Section 5.5


H = [235 N/mm2 / fy] = 0.92
Internal compression parts subject to bending - Table 5.2 (sheet 1 of 3)
c = d = 96.6 mm

Width of section;

c / tw = 26.1 u H <= 72 u H;

Class 1

Outstand flanges - Table 5.2 (sheet 2 of 3)


c = (b - tw - 2 u r) / 2 = 28.4 mm

Width of section;

c / tf = 4.0 u H <= 9 u H;

Class 1
Section is class 1

Check shear - Section 6.2.6


hw = h - 2 u tf = 111.8 mm
K = 1.000

ct

hw / tw < 72 u H / K

Height of web;
Shear area factor;

ra

Shear buckling
bu
buck
resistance can be ignored

19.8 kN
VEd = max(abs(Vmax
ax), abs(Vmin
n)) = 1

Shear area - cl 6.2.6(3);

Av = max(A - 2 u b u tf + (tw + 2 u r) u tf, K u hw u tw) = 643 mm2

Design shear resistance - cl 6.2.6(2);

Vc,Rd = Vpl,Rd
[3]) / JM0 = 102 kN
Rd = Av u (ffy / [3])

xt

Design shear force;

(e

Desig shear
s
PASS - Design
resistance exceeds design shear force

Check bending moment major (y-y) axis - Section 6.2.5


.2.5

MEdd = m
ma
max(abs(M
abs(M
bs(Ms1_max), abs(Ms1_min)) = 9.9 kNm
Mc,Rd = Mpl,R
pl,Rd = W pl.y u fy / JM0 = 23.1 kNm

Sp
ec
im
en

Design bending moment;


Design bending resistance moment - eq 6.13;

ckling
ing
Slenderness ratio for lateral torsional buckling

kc = 0.94

Correction factor - Table 6.6;

C1 = 1 / kc2 = 1.132

Curvature factor;
Poissons ratio;
Shear modulus;

g = [1 - (Iz / Iy)] = 0.939

Q = 0.3

G = E / [2 u (1 + Q)] = 80769 N/mm2

L = 1.0 u Ls1 = 2000 mm

Unrestrained length;

momen
Elastic critical buckling moment
moment;;

Mcr = C1 u S2 u E u Iz / (L2 u g) u [Iw / Iz + L2 u G u It / (S2 u E u Iz)] = 37.4 kNm

Slenderness ratio for lateral torsional buckling;

COLT = [W pl.y u fy / Mcr] = 0.787

Limiting slenderness ratio;

COLT,0 = 0.4

COLT > COLT,0 - Lateral torsional buckling cannot be ignored


Design resistance for buckling - Section 6.3.2.1
Buckling curve - Table 6.5;
b
Imperfection factor - Table 6.3;

DLT = 0.34

Correction factor for rolled sections;

E = 0.75

LTB reduction determination factor;

ILT = 0.5 u [1 + DLT u (COLT -COLT,0) + E uCOLT2] = 0.798

LTB reduction factor - eq 6.57;

FLT = min(1 / [ILT + (ILT2 - E uCOLT2)], 1, 1 /COLT2) = 0.824

Modification factor;

f = min(1 - 0.5 u (1 - kc)u [1 - 2 u (COLT - 0.8)2], 1) = 0.970

Modified LTB reduction factor - eq 6.58;

FLT,mod = min(FLT / f, 1) = 0.850

Design buckling resistance moment - eq 6.55;

Mb,Rd = FLT,mod u W pl.y u fy / JM1 = 19.7 kNm

PASS - Design buckling resistance moment exceeds design bending moment

Job no.

Project

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Calcs for

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BS22 7QS

17 of 33

Beam B1

11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare

12004
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Checked date

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26/01/12

Check vertical deflection - Section 7.2.1


Consider deflection due to variable loads
Limiting deflection;;

Glim = Ls1 / 360 = 5.6 mm

Maximum deflection span 1;

G = max(abs(Gmax), abs(Gmin)) = 1.173 mm

Sp
ec
im
en

(e

xt

ra

ct

PASS - Maximum deflection does not exceed deflection limit

Job no.

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Beam B2

11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare

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Permanent u 1.35

Span 1

Variable u 1.50
Permanent u 1.35

Support B

Variable u 1.50
Analysis results
Maximum moment;

Mmax = 87.3 kNm;

Mmin = 0 kNm

Maximum moment span 1 segment 1;

Ms1_seg1_max = 87.2 kNm;

Ms1_seg1_min = 0 kNm

Maximum moment span 1 segment 2;

Ms1_seg2_max = 87.3 kNm;

Ms1_seg2_min = 0 kNm

Maximum shear;

Vmax = 71.5 kN;

Vmin = -68.5 kN

Maximum shear span 1 segment 1;

Vs1_seg1_max = 71.5 kN;

Vs1_seg1_min = 0 kN

Vs1_seg2_max = 1.4 kN;

Vs1_seg2_min = -68.5 kN

Deflection segment 3;

Gmax = 4 mm;

Gm
min = 0 mm

Maximum reaction at support A;

RA_max = 71.5 kN;

RA_min
A_m = 71.5 kN

Unfactored permanent load reaction at support A;

RA_Permanent = 28.9 kN

Unfactored permanent load reaction at support B;

7.6 kN
RB_Permanent = 27.6

Unfactored variable load reaction at support B;

8 kN
RB_Variable = 20.8

ct

RA_Variable = 21.7 kN
RB_max = 68.5 kN;

RB_min = 68.5 kN

xt

ra

Unfactored variable load reaction at support A;


Maximum reaction at support B;

Maximum shear span 1 segment 2;

(e

Section details
Section type;

05x102x33
5x102x33 (C
UKB 305x102x33
(Corus Advance)

Steel grade;

75
S275

Sp
ec
im
en

cturall steels
EN 10025-2:2004 - Hot rolled products of structural
max f, tw) = 10.8 mm
t = max(t

27 N/mm2
fy = 275

Nominal ultimate tensile strength;

fu = 410 N/mm2

Modulus of elasticity;

E = 210000 N/mm2

312.7

10.8

Nominal thickness of element;


Nominal yield strength;

10.8

6.6

102.4

Partial factors - Section 6.1


Resistance of cross-sections;

JM0 = 1.00

Resistance of members to instability;

JM1 = 1.00

Resistance of tensile members to fracture;

JM2 = 1.10

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BS22 7QS

21 of 33

Beam B2

11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare

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25/01/12

LTB reduction factor - eq 6.57;

FLT = min(1 / [ILT + (ILT2 - E uCOLT2)], 1, 1 /COLT2) = 0.688

Modification factor;

f = min(1 - 0.5 u (1 - kc)u [1 - 2 u (COLT - 0.8)2], 1) = 0.940

Modified LTB reduction factor - eq 6.58;

FLT,mod = min(FLT / f, 1) = 0.731

Design buckling resistance moment - eq 6.55;

Mb,Rd = FLT,mod u W pl.y u fy / JM1 = 96.7 kNm

PASS - Design buckling resistance moment exceeds design bending moment


Check vertical deflection - Section 7.2.1
Consider deflection due to variable loads
Limiting deflection;;

Glim = Ls1 / 360 = 12.5 mm

Maximum deflection span 1;

G = max(abs(Gmax), abs(Gmin)) = 3.959 mm

Sp
ec
im
en

(e

xt

ra

ct

PASS - Maximum deflection does not exceed deflection limit

Job no.

Project

63 Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN


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Variable u 1.50

Analysis results
Maximum moment;

Mmax = 16.9 kNm;

Maximum shear;

Vmax = 15.1 kN;

Vmin = -15.1 kN

Deflection;

Gmax = 0 mm;

Gmin = 0 mm

Maximum reaction at support A;

RA_max = 15.1 kN;

RA_min = 15.1 kN

Unfactored permanent load reaction at support A;

RA_Permanent = 11.2 kN

Maximum reaction at support B;

RB_max = 15.1 kN;

Unfactored permanent load reaction at support B;

RB_Permanent = 11.2 kN

Mmin = 0 kNm

RB_min = 15.1 kN

Section details
Section type;

UKB 152x89x16 (Corus Advance)

Steel grade;

S275

Nominal yield strength;

fy = 275 N/mm2

Nominal ultimate tensile strength;

fu = 410 N/mm2

Modulus of elasticity;

E = 210000 N/mm
mm2

ct

t = max(tf, tw) = 7.7 mm

152.4

Sp
ec
im
en

(e

7.7

xt

ra

Nominal thickness of element;

EN 10025-2:2004 - Hot rolled products of structural steels

7.7

4.5

88.7

Partial factors - Section 6.1


Resistance of cross-sections;

JM0 = 1.00

Resistance of members to instability;

JM1 = 1.00

Resistance of tensile members to fracture;

JM2 = 1.10

Lateral restraint
Span 1 has lateral restraint at supports only
Effective length factors
Effective length factor in major axis;

Ky = 1.000

Effective length factor in minor axis;

Kz = 1.000

Effective length factor for torsion;

KLT.A = 1.000

Classification of cross sections - Section 5.5


H = [235 N/mm2 / fy] = 0.92

Job no.

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Maximum deflection span 1;

25 of 33

Beam B3

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25/01/12

G = max(abs(Gmax), abs(Gmin)) = 0 mm

Sp
ec
im
en

(e

xt

ra

ct

PASS - Maximum deflection does not exceed deflection limit

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31 of 33

Beam B1 bearing

11 Wainwright Close
Calcs by

Weston-super-Mare

PJS

BS22 7QS

Calcs date

Checked by

25/01/2012

Checked date

PJS

26/01/2012

ratio = hunit / lunit = 2.2

Block ratio;

Ratio between 0.6 and 4.5 - OK


Characteristic compressive strength;

fk = 6.40 N/mm

Loading details
Characteristic dead load;

Gk = 8 kN

Characteristic imposed load;

Qk = 6 kN

Design load on bearing;

F = (Gk u 1.4) + (Qk u 1.6) = 20.6 kN

Masonry bearing type


Bearing type;

Type 2

Bearing safety factor;

Jbear = 1.50

Check design bearing without a spreader


fca = F / (B u lb) = 2.708 N/mm2

Allowable bearing stress;

fcp = Jbear u fk / Jm = 2.743 N/mm


/mm
m2

ct

Design bearing stress;

Check design bearing at 0.4 u h below the bearing level


hef / tef = 24.00

Eccentricity at top of wall;

ex = 0.0 mm

From BS5628:1 Table 7

xt

Slenderness ratio;

ra

PASS - Allowable bearing


earing
g stress exceeds
ex
design bearing stress

61
E = 0.61

Length of bearing distributed at 0.4 u h;

10 mm
ld = 1060

Maximum bearing stress;

fcaa = F / (ld u t)) = 0.194 N/mm2

Allowable bearing stress;

fcp = E u fk / Jm = 1.106 N/mm2

Sp
ec
im
en

(e

Capacity reduction factor;

PASS - Allowable bearing


aring stress
stres at
a 0.4 u h below bearing level exceeds design bearing stress

Job no.

Project

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
63 Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
PJStructures Ltd

Calcs for

332 of 33

Beam B2 bearing

11 Wainwright Close
Weston-super-Mare

Calcs by

Calcs date

PJS

BS22 7QS

12004
Start page no./Revision

Checked by

25/01/2012

Checked date

PJS

26/01/2012

MASONRY BEARING DESIGN TO BS5628-1:2005


TEDDS calculation version 1.0.03

Masonry details
Aggregate concrete blocks (25% or less formed voids)

Compressive strength of unit;

punit = 7.3 N/mm2

Mortar designation;

iii
lunit = 100 mm
hunit = 215 mm

Category of masonry units;

Category II

Category of construction control ;

Normal
Jm = 3.5
t = 100 mm

Effective thickness of masonry wall;

tef = 100 mm

Height of masonry wall;

h = 2400 mm

Effective height of masonry wall;

hef = 2400 mm

(e
xt
ra

Partial safety factor for material strength;


Thickness of load bearing leaf;

ct

Least horizontal dimension of masonry units;


Height of masonry units;

Masonry type;

Sp
ec
im
en

Beam to span in plane of wall


all

Spreader

lb

ls

hs

Bearing details
Beam spanning in plane of wall
Width of bearing;

B = 100 mm

Length of bearing;

lb = 200 mm

Compressive strength from Table 2 BS5628:Part 1 - aggregate concrete blocks (25% or less formed voids)
Mortar designation;

Mortar = "iii"

Block compressive strength;

punit = 7.3 N/mm2

Characteristic compressive strength (Table 2c);

fkc = 3.20 N/mm2

Characteristic compressive strength (Table 2d);

fkd = 6.40 N/mm2

Height of solid block;

hunit = 215.0 mm ;

Least horizontal dimension;

lunit = 100.0 mm

Job no.

Project

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
63 Baytree Road, Weston-super-Mare, BS22 8HN
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Calcs for

PJStructures Ltd

34
3 of 33

Beam B2 bearing

11 Wainwright Close
Calcs by

Weston-super-Mare

PJS

BS22 7QS

12004
Start page no./Revision

Calcs date

Checked by

25/01/2012

Checked date

PJS

26/01/2012

ratio = hunit / lunit = 2.2

Block ratio;

Ratio between 0.6 and 4.5 - OK


fk = 6.40 N/mm

Characteristic compressive strength;

Loading details
Characteristic dead load;

Gk = 29 kN

Characteristic imposed load;

Qk = 22 kN

Design load on bearing;

F = (Gk u 1.4) + (Qk u 1.6) = 75.2 kN

Masonry bearing type


Bearing type;

Type 2

Bearing safety factor;

Jbear = 1.50

Check design bearing without a spreader


fca = F / (B u lb) = 3.759 N/mm2

Allowable bearing stress;

fcp = Jbear u fk / Jm = 2.743 N/mm


/mm
m2

ct

Design bearing stress;

Spreader details

ra

FAIL - Design bearing stress exceeds


eds allowable
llowable be
bearing stress, use a spreader

ls = 250 mm
hs = 215 mm
m

Edge distance;

sedge = max(0
0 mm, xedge (ls - B) / 2) = 0 mm

Spreader bearing type

(e

xt

Length of spreader;
Depth of spreader;

Type 3

Bearing safety factor;

2.0
Jbear
earr = 2.00

Sp
ec
im
en

Bearing type;

Check design bearing with a spreader


Loading acts eccentrically - stress distribution
beam on elastic foundation
ution
n similar
similar to semi-infinite
se
Modulus of elasticity of masonry wall;

Ew = 700 u fk = 4.5 kN/mm2

Modulus of elasticity of spreader beam;


eam
m;

Eb = 30 kN/mm2

Modulus of wall;

k = Ew / h = 1.9 N/mm3

Moment of inertia of spreader


der beam;
beam;

Ib = t u hs3 / 12 = 82.8u106 mm4

Constant;

J = (t u k / (4 u Eb u Ib))1/4 = 2.08u10-3 mm-1

Maximum bearing stress;


ess
ss;;

fca = k u F / (2 u J3 u Eb u Ib) = 3.130 N/mm2

Allowable bearing stress;

fcp = Jbear u fk / Jm = 3.657 N/mm2


PASS - Allowable bearing stress exceeds design bearing stress

Check design bearing at 0.4 u h below the bearing level


Slenderness ratio;

hef / tef = 24.00

Eccentricity at top of wall;

ex = 0.0 mm

From BS5628:1 Table 7


Capacity reduction factor;

E = 0.61

Length of bearing distributed at 0.4 u h;

ld = 1160 mm

Maximum bearing stress;

fca = F / (ld u t) = 0.648 N/mm2

Allowable bearing stress;

fcp = E u fk / Jm = 1.106 N/mm2

PASS - Allowable bearing stress at 0.4 u h below bearing level exceeds design bearing stress

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