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Simplify:
Solution:
We can rewrite the expression as follows,
By cross multiplication,
Problem 2:
Evaluate:
Solution:
By long method, we can convert negative exponents to fractions and simplify
it using fractions.
Recall that
We do the same in the problem,
Problem 3:
Simplify:
Solution:
We can just do it by using fractions.
Problem 4:
Simplify:
Solution:
Problem 5:
If a, b, and c are real numbers such that
value of
Solution:
and
Find the
Given the ratio of b and a and b and c, we find ways that b must be of the
same value in both proportions. By multiplying a number that is equal to 1,
such condition can be attained.
Since we already have a uniform values for a, b, and c. we can say that
a:b:c=2:10:5
Solving for the value of
Problem:
If
and
, what is x?
Solution:
We solve for y for the second equation,
we equate this to 0,
Since x>0 is the given restriction in the problem, the only solution is x=9.
Problem 7:
If
, what is f(x-3)?
Solution:
We can rewrite f(x) in factor form as follows,
Problem 8:
If
does
Solution:
and
For f(-a),
Solving for a:
Problem 10:
Solve for x:
Solution:
By cross multiplying the left side of equation we have,
Simplifying,
By factoring,
Solving for x:
Problem 11:
If
, solve for x in
Solution:
To solve equations, we always eliminate fractions. By multiplying the whole
equation by
Now, since the right side of equation is radical, we raise both sides by 2,
By factoring we have,
These factors will immediately tell us that the values of x are 1 and 9/4. By
quick check however, 9/4 fails to satisfy the original equation. Thus, the only
solution is 1.
Problem 12:
Evaluate
Solution:
This is a nested radical and I already have a tutorial on how to solve this
problem. If youre used to see problem like this, you might be able to solve it
in less than 3 seconds. For real.
To solve this though, we let x be equal to
The square root of a positive number will always be positive. Thus, the answer
is 2. -1 is an extraneous root.
Problem 13:
Find the two consecutive integers whose product is 506.
Solution:
Let x be the smaller integer. Since we are looking for the two CONSECUTIVE
integers, the other number must be x+1.
It is stated that their product is 506, thus
Therefore, the numbers that we are looking for are are 22 and 23.
Problem 14:
If
and if
Solution:
Let x and y be the roots of equation.
By Vietas formula, we have
*
**
From the relationship of the coefficients, we solve for c in terms of a and b.
***
We substitute *** to c of *,
****
From ** we solve for b/a,
By factoring,
Since the roots are equal, there is no greater root. The answer is -1.
Problem 15:
Solve for x in
Solution:
We also provided the easiest way to solve this quadratic inequality in
this site. But let us demonstrate the answer to this problem.
In this format, the answer is in the form of a<x<b, where b>a and a and b are
the roots of inequality.
The roots are supposed to be 3/2 and -2. Thus, the solution set is -2<x<3/2
or (-2,3/2)
Problem 16:
Solve for real numbers satisfying the inequality
Solution:
By rearranging,
Solving for x:
Problem 18:
Find the smallest value of
Solution:
By AM-GM Inequality theorem we have,
Problem 20:
Write the quadratic equation with integer coefficients whose roots are the
reciprocals of the roots of
Solution:
This problem actually can be rigidly solved using Vietas formula but there is
a hippest way to solve problem like this where we can solve it in just a
matter of three to 4 lines long.
Let y be the roots of the desired equation. Since the given equation has a
root of x, we can establish the following relation based on the condition
given(reciprocal of the roots).
Dropping y back to x,
Problem 21:
Compute the sum of all the roots of (x-2)(x+1)+(x-1)(x+4)=0
Solution:
To find the sum of the roots, we expand the equation,
Now, the sum of the roots of this quadratic equation is just the negative ratio
of b and a. Thus, the sum is -1.
Problem 22:
If r and s are the roots of
, evaluate
Solution:
The sum of the roots of quadratic equation is again the negative ratio of b and
a. Thus,
Actually, this problem doesnt really make sense at all. I was expecting a twist
somewhere. They might mistyped this
from this
. The latter is
more challenging and adds flavor to the problem. Anyways, lets proceed.
Problem 23:
For what value(s) of m are the roots of
Solution:
equal?
Problem 24:
It is known that y varies as the square of x and y=8 when x=1. What is y when
x=8?
Solution:
Let k be the constant of proportionality. Since y varies as the square of x we
have,
Problem 25:
Suppose that x and y are inversely proportional and are positive quantities. By
what percent does y decrease if x is increased by 25%?
Solution:
We let k be the constant of proportionality and we establish the equation.
IF x in increased by 25%, the value of x will become 1.25x. Since the constant
of proportionality is constant. We equate the ks of two situations.
Problem 26:
If 4 men can paint a house in 5 days, in how many days can 10 men paint the
same house?
Solution:
This problem is an application of variation. As the number of workers
increases, the number of days to complete the job decreases. Thus, they are
inversely proportional.
Let m be the number of people, d be the number of days, and k be the
proportionality constant.
From this, we can say that
Problem 27:
If y is proportional to the cube of y and x is proportional to the fourth power of
z, then y is proportional to which power of z?
Solution:
This problem is vague. y is proportional to cube of y doesnt make sense. We
will verify this problem first before writing the solution.
Problem 28:
Running at uniform speed in a race, Alice can beat Ben by 20 m, Ben can
beat Carlo by 10 m and Alice can beat Carlo by 28 m. How long is the race?
Solution:
Let d be the distance of the race,
Let r1 be the rate of Alice
Let r2 be the rate of ben
Let r3 be the rate of Carlo
Formulating equation:
For Alice:
d=r1(t)
For Ben:
d-20=r2(t)
Since alice finished 20 m ahead of Ben and the time is equal. Equating time
we have,
#
For Ben can beat Carlo by 10 m. For Bens rate equation.
d=r2t
For Carlos rate equation,
d-10=r3t
Equating the time,
Now, we observe these 3 equations. We equate the first equation and last
equation since the ratio of the distance and the rate of Alice is just the same.
Solution:
An isosceles triangle has two base angles and one vertex angle.
Let x be the measure base angle.
x+65+65=180
x+130=180
x=180-130
x=50
Answer is 50 degrees.
Problem 30:
Find x if the angles of a quadrilateral measure x , (2x+10), (3x+20) and
(4x30).
Solution:
Since the sum of interior angles of quadrilateral is 360 degrees we have,
x+2x+10+3x+20+4x-30=360
10x=360
x=360/10
x=36
Problem 31:
An equilateral triangle and a square have the same perimeter. What is the
ratio of the length of a side of the triangle to the length of a side of the square?
Solution:
The perimeter of equilateral triangle can be found using the formula,
Since we are asked to find the ratio of the side of triangle to the length of the
side of the square we find t/s.
After cutting, the area of the figure is still the same. To find the area of an
equilateral triangle, we use the following formula,
Now, since the area of this triangle is equal to the area of the square, we can
use the formula of the area of the square to find the length of the side.
Since we are solving for s, we take the square root of both sides,
Or,
Problem 23:
The sides of a triangle are of lengths 5, 12 and 13 cm. What is the length of its
shortest altitude?
Solution:
Draw the triangle and label like shown below.
Since the triangle formed is a right triangle, 12 and 5 are also altitudes. If we
draw another altitude to the hypotenuse and label it x. Both 5 and 12 will
become the hypotenuse of the two new triangles formed. Thus, x is the
shortest altitude.
Now, take note that
By similar triangles we can solve for the value of x.
Problem 34:
Each side of triangle ABC measures 8 cm. If D is the foot of the altitude drawn
from A to the side BC and E is the midpoint of AD, how long is segment BE?
Solution:
Draw the figure as shown below,
Problem 35:
A point E is chosen inside a square of side 8 cm such that it is equidistant
from two adjacent vertices of the square and the side opposite these vertices.
Find the common distance.
Solution:
The only way that a point will be equidistant from two adjacent vertices, it
should lie in the symmetrical axis of the square. Label the figure accordingly. If
your figure is not correct, your solution will not be correct as well.
To find the value of x, we use the right triangle formed in the upper left side of
upper right side. Either of the two.
Using Pythagorean theorem we have,
We would like to thank MMC 2013 finalist Daniel James Molina for helping us
out solving this problem.
Problem 36:
A point E is chosen inside rectangle ABCD and its distances from A, B and C
are 2 cm, 3 cm and 4 cm. How far is E from D?
Solution:
If you draw the figure, it will give you thrill how to solve it because the solution
to this problem has never been teach for a regular grade 9 students unless
you studied the first tutorial we posted in this website or you love reading
olympiad math problems.
This problem can be solved using British Flag Theorem, better check that
tutorial first before you go through. This theorem states that if a point is
selected inside the rectangle, the sum of the square of the distances from a
point from opposite vertices are equal.
Thus,
By substitution,
Problem 37:
Find the area of a rectangle with diagonal 10 cm that is twice as long as it is
wide.
Solution:
The diagonal, length, and the width of the rectangle will form a right triangle.
Let x be the width and the length will be 2x as given.
Using Pythagorean theorem,
Problem 38:
Triangle ABC has a right angle at C. If sin A=1/3,what is cos A?
Solution:
Draw and label the figure as shown below. Label your angle, label the
opposite and the hypotenuse since sine is the ratio of opposite side and
hypotenuse.
We are asked for the value of cosA which is the ratio of adjacent side to
opposite side. Since the adjacent side is unknown, we look for it using
Pythagorean theorem.
Problem 39:
A side of a triangle measures 3 cm. A line segment is drawn parallel to this
side, forming a trapezoid whose area is 2/3 of the area of the triangle. How
long is the line segment?
Solution:
Draw and label the triangle like shown below.
Since the segment is parallel to the side with length 3, two similar triangles will
be formed.
We let A be the area of the bigger triangle. Given that the area of the trapezoid
is 2/3 of A, the area of smaller traingle is 1-2A/3=A/3.
Using the side-area relationship of two similar polygons, we have
Where s1 and s2 are the length of the sides of bigger and smaller triangle
respectively. A1 and A2 are the corresponding areas.
Problem 40:
A cone has volume 64 m^3 vertex equal to 1/4. If the cone is cut parallel to the
base at a distance from the of the height of the cone, what is the volume of
the resulting cone?
Solution:
Since the height is 1/4 of the bigger cone, the radius will follow this proportion
since the cones formed here are congruent.(Parallel cut)