MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture

FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________

Understanding the Application of Feng Shui

Principles in a Residential Landscape
Design
NG KANG YEW1, NOR ATIAH ISMAIL2 AND MOHD JOHARI MOHD
YUSOF2
1

MLA Program, Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Design and

Architecture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang

Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Design and Architecture,

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang

Abstract: Feng Shui study is complex as the knowledge was not well organized
and consisting two schools of thought. Feng Shui is a knowledge on interaction
between nature and human rather than just a superstition kind of study.
Understanding on Feng Shui becomes vital and useful as landscape design is
gearing toward sustainable and nature manner, Feng Shui design could assist
man-made object to give minimum disturbance to nature and endure the
equilibrium of the system. Still, insufficient studies and ignorance from public
consequence leave the development of Feng Shui turns out to be tedious. To
change the situation, this research passionate to reveal the benefits of
implement Feng Shui landscape in residential garden and provides amateur
guideline to achieve good Feng Shui. Context analysis carried to analysis four
Feng Shui Master who are from Malaysia, Taiwan, USA and China. Their
knowledge toward outdoor Feng Shui were condensed and forms a matrix table.
This study then discuss the applicability of these proposed Feng Shui elements in
Malaysia context.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Feng Shui is not an unusual terms for Malaysian and it usually practice
among Chinese society. As mention by Han (1996), Feng Shui compose of
Chinese philosophy and traditional technique on selecting site flavour for inhibit,
either the living or the dead. Practise of Feng Shui not only limit to Chinese
society but had spreading among western countries (Y. Mak & Ng, 2005). The
fundamental knowledge of Feng Shui was based on the observation of three
major aspects: i.e. astronomical phenomena, natural phenomena, and human
behaviour, and these were combined with Chinese astronomy, geography and
philosophy to devise the Feng Shui theories. The goal of Feng Shui is to archive
harmony and auspicious existence in architectural design while practice of Feng
Shui as an instinctive technique combined with cosmography and relevant to the
western concepts of geometry in architecture. Feng Shui has evolutionary and
ecological values for selecting optimal human habitations. (Han, 2001). In
contract to western landscape design, Feng Shui landscape design does not
1

MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
attempt to conquer the nature nor differentiate human being with nature. Briefly,
Feng Shui learns the function of natural mechanism, furthermore enhance the
process to obtain the optimum performance between human and nature (Lao,
2010). Feng Shui treats human as organic component which belong to nature
and the ultimate goal is to form a mutual relationship between human and
nature.
Feng Shui has been widely practiced in China, and even influenced its
neighbour countries such as East Asian areas, such as Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea,
Okinawa, and Vietnam and etc. (Chen & Nakama, 2004). Malaysias Chinese
community is not exception from the influence of Feng Shui as the concept has
deeply embedded to their culture. Application of Feng Shui is still easily observe I
among Chinese society live within Kuala Lumpur. As census report in 2010 shows
Chinese donate to 43.2% of Kuala Lumpur population which is the second largest
ethnic in the area (World Population Review, 2015). Meanwhile, wealthy family
willing to spend money to hire Feng Shui master to guide the build of courtyard
garden headed for enhance the living quality of their residential. Considering the
space is getting limited in urban, Feng Shui had shift from merely selection of
optimal habitat for human to alter certain elements or spaces features to meet
the optimal trait. Since there is different school of taught in Feng Shui, it formed
a diverse range of practise in Malaysia. It is important to classify the basic Feng
Shui landscapes characters in Kuala Lumpur which may contribute to formulate
a guideline to archive harmony landscape which suit to Malaysia culture and
weather. For instance, Kuala Lumpur consist of Chinese community which gather
from all part of Malaysia. Summary in this particular area will help to recognize
the belief of Chinese community in Malaysia toward this ancient technique which
integrated the philosophy of harmonious coexistence for human and nature.
In Malaysia, the movement of practising Feng Shui landscape relatively
slow. Most Chinese community yet to realize the benefit to practising Feng Shui
landscape. In most of the cases, Chinese community not even realize understand
the purpose to practise Feng Shui landscape in their residential area. Yet until
now, most of the Chinese community practise Feng Shui by guidance from Feng
Shui Master and focus on promote the wealth and health of their family members
while aesthetic value and environment will be fall into secondary consideration.
Nevertheless, Fung Shui is an art on arrangement element, most of the time the
aesthetic and environment will improve by following these rules set by Feng
Shui.
The awareness for Feng Shui in landscape is still very limited yet slow in
Malaysia. In conjunction with the flourish growth of modern and contemporary
design in landscape, there is less room for Feng Shui to develop further. The built
of Feng Shui garden in Malaysia especially in Kuala Lumpur Is rather hard as
there are way more constrains in the urban setting. And the main considering will
fall on space and cost.
Keywords: Fengshui, Residential, Landscape
2

MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Concept of Feng Shui
Feng Shui originated at least 3,000 years ago in the Western Chou Dynasty
(1100- 771 B.C.) (Xu, 1990). Feng Shui started with the philosophy of traditional
Chinese technology to perform site selection. The selected site should be the
suitable locations for dwellers either for living and dead. (Han and Sinha 1996).
The main purpose to practise Feng Shui is to integrate both nature in conjunction
with the cultural consideration in order to pursue a harmony state of living place.
Feng Shui practise seek for balance between nature and human as well as
relationship within human (Han, 2001). This could easily observe that most of the
elements implemented in Feng Shui landscape are mostly relate back to the
outlook and properties of nature. Feng Shui is kind of knowledge which mimic the
beauty of nature in human perspective and ease the living of human at the same
moment.
Like all others knowledge, Feng Shui evolved to be more precise in every
living corner. People inject more others criteria inclusive of ecological, physical,
spatial and temporal consideration toward Feng Shui (Xu, 1998). The
development of Feng Shui implements in varies fields such as spiritual,
psychological, religious and sociological. While, the ultimate gold for Feng Shui
still preserve which is to achieve harmonious and balance within interaction of
human, environment and cosmos (Han 1994; Yu 1994; Xu 1998).
Most of the time, Feng Shui is related to the manipulation of Qi (Energy).
Qi is flow with the wind and accumulated by the water (Han, 2001). Thus, the
terms Feng Shui translated into English is barely mean wind and water. The Feng
Shui masters' judgments are intuitive and somewhat subjective, but two schools
of Feng Shui theory can guide them. One is called Luan Tou (mountain peak),
which is based on analyses of physical phenomena at a site, such as topography,
vegetation, and climate. The other is Li Ch'i (arranging Ch'i), which emphasizes
using a compass (Lou Pan) to judge proper site orientation and placement for
settlements according to the residents' birthdays. Ancient Chinese believed that
the specific year, date, and time of birth were closely related to a person's
character and fate (Chiou & Krishnamurti, 1997). This school can calculate a
perfect compass orientation for each individual's birth time, day, and year in
order to maximize his or her harmony.
Feng Shui is complex yet common sense knowledge. The applications are
very depend on which school of taught and the available resources at the site.
Nowadays. Feng Shui continues to be widely practiced in societies influenced by
Chinese culture, such as Mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Japan,
and Korea (Yu, 1994).
2.2 The Design Philosophy and Importance in Residential Garden
Garden is essential for human life as establish of garden allow human
change their living style and behaviour. Bhatti & Church (2000) suggest that
3

MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
garden is the media to exhibit the shifting of culture, personal identify even the
relationship in the home. Garden design endures the principle from landscape
like proportion, variation, plant texture, combination and foliage. Garden become
so remarkable after post-war. There are several research showing that garden
design had move toward to reflect human achievement either culture, change of
social and economic pattern. (Caldocott, 1997, Wilson 1992, Askew &
McGuirk 2004, Robbins & Sharp 2003). Thus, the growth of gardening is
exponential based on the mention factors and featuring throughout literature
(Alexander 2002; Brindley 1999; Bhatti & Church 2000; Duruz 1994; Holmes
1999; Skene 1996). These factors probably increase the interests and willing of
people to develop their very own residential garden.
In many occasion, garden design in this late modernity often display the
way nature to be altered or controlled by persons culture (Anderson, 1997).
Garden are so related to human especially resident garden where human is live
on the site and have the direct access to it. The idea of cultural face of
residential garden elaborate more from Caldicott (1997). She explained garden
have pick as a site for human to interact with nature which had modify according
to culture and action from gardener. Studying residential garden could also
understand the way people modify, creating and maintain the landscape around
their living area. Beside by concept from human modification, there are still
researcher suggest that garden design should obey the natures system which
recently become a trend in garden design. Danielle Dagenais (2012) argued that
most ancient landscape designer notify the influence of ecological science on
contemporary garden. These ideology have further changing the basic of design
principle before the design process. But some designers do condemn this kind of
design philosophy is hardly suit to reality design in landscape and garden. A new
concept of garden design have to be explorer and define to gear the whole
environment of landscape design.
On another hand, garden is probably the best treat to the residents.
Residential garden is good performing as discuss before as individual have the
access to natural on a direct manner. (Bhatti & Churchm 2000). And as
residential area should be able to provide varies enjoyment to people. Putnam
(1993) do suggest should equip with centralize leisure and recuperation. There is
no doubt for residential garden is as important as it provide garden function like
home and private haven shelter from work and politics life ( Hoyles, 1991). Bhatii
(1999) and Wilsan (1992) suggest garden not help in understand the relationship
between human and nature in daily routine but engagement and learning about
mother nature. The same idea adopt by Bhatti (1999), garden now is not only
literally provide the joyful of nature yet offer opportunity for environmental
education and measurement planning. Nevertheless, in some extend garden and
gardening do equip with the ability to enhance life and residential area in this
late modernity. There are awaiting research going on to refine understanding the
mechanism of garden relief human tensions, ambiguities and contradiction on
modern lifestyle.
2.3 Feng Shui in Residential Garden

MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Feng Shui develop and evolve in Chine thus every aspect is strongly refer
to Chinese culture and practise. And in the past, garden is privilege for loyal
members. Explain by Wan (2012), Chinese Feng Shui garden not only unique in
their complex combination of structure but richness in poetic and pictorial
splendour. This result in a garden appreciate the nature form somehow yet to
notice it is manmade which mean for Feng Shui. In perspective of Feng Shui
garden design, design not merely for create pleasure and decent visual
appreciation while display the naturalness beauty. Feng Shui design garden is a
cultural product which emphasize on aesthetic value and nature sentiment
yearning from Chinese.
Taoism is another influence factor in Feng Shui design. Taoism stresses in
nature concept of design and escape from the real world. The physical features
of the Taoist paradise resemble a world-in-a-pot which inclusive of flowing
stream, open space, winding path leading to quiet shelter, narrow entrances and
enclosure mountain (Chen & Wu, 2009). These elements in Feng Shui landscape
is generally transplant into garden with the same model of setting. Rossbach and
Lin (1998) explained Feng Shui landscape design is actively copy the Taoist
paradise. Thus, Fung Shui garden design express through kind of spiritual inner
feeling instead of physical function or social culture which totally different from
English and French garden (Lu, 2009).
As natural elements often come with irregular or curve forms, these
principle apply to Feng Shui garden design as well. This can observed by the
walkway and waterways both arranged in curve rather than the regular and
inflexible straight line. Pathway in Feng Shui garden exhibit the mixed of reality
and unreality in life (Lin, 2008). In terms of arrangement of mountain and water,
it always obey to the laws of balance in the concept of Yin and Yang. These apply
to the residential garden design on Feng Shui which may using representation
elements to mimic the ideal landscape of Feng Shui.

MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
3.0 RESEARCH QUESTION
The
important
reference
residential

intention to initial this research is to understand the potential and

to apply Feng Shui concept into residential garden design with
from Feng Shui Master who experience in Feng Shui design in
garden and gather their ideas to explain below.

1. What are the importance of Feng Shui residential garden design.

2. What are the philosophy of Feng Shui design.
3. What are the framework for Feng Shui residential garden design.
4.0 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
This research is going to expend the possibility of Feng Shui in residential
garden design with achieve of below.
1. To understand the important of philosophical garden.
2. To investigate the philosophy of Feng Shui.
3. To determine the framework for Feng Shui residential garden design.
5.0 METHODOLOGY
Content analysis is technique use to analyse qualitative data. There are
basically 3 major approaches that use to analyse qualitative data which are
interpretative approaches, social anthropological approaches, and collaborative
social research approaches. Feng Shui study is hardly define in numeric data as
the values and taught are used to present in texts and verbal records. These
restriction make Feng Shui harder to harvest their result thought quantitative
survey. Thus, Content analysis is introduces to conduct this study. Meanwhile, the
most suitable approaches is interpretative approach whereby social action and
human activities will treat as text and condense into a collection of symbols
expression layers of meaning. Interpretation is all fall on the researchers
theoretical orientation which after that derive into an organized piece of data and
attempt to discover the practical understandings of meaning and action.
To understand Feng Shui, 4 Feng Shui Master have picking out to explorer
their understanding of Feng Shui in term of landscape from their expertise point
of view. These data is collected through variety of sources yet try to preserve the
meaning which likely to present by the spoke person. Following are the
background of these Feng Shui Master.

MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________

Photograph 1 Joey Yap

(Fengshuilogy, 2010)

Photograph 2 Hui Yuan

(Baidu, 2015)

Photograph 3 Han Bao De

(Archiposition, 2014)

Photograph 4 Lilian Too

(Lillian-Too, 2013)

NAME
Joey Yap
NATIONALITY
USA
BACKGROUND
Commerce degree in Accounting
BACKGROUND IN FENG SHUI
Acquired Feng Shui knowledge though reading of variety Feng Shui book
and apprenticeship with Feng Shui Master.
SPECIAL EVENT IN LIFE
2008
The Malaysian Tatler as the Top 300 Most Influential People in
Malaysia
2013
Received the Darjah Indera Mahkota Pahang (DIMP)
2014
he Inspiring Top 10 Young Malaysian Millionaires by RHA Media
FENG SHUI ACHIEVEMENT
Write over 120 books on Feng Shui, Chinese Astrology
Established Mastery Academy of Chinese Metaphysics

NAME
Hui Yuan
NATIONALITY
China
BACKGROUND
College of Chinese Medical, Shaanxi
BACKGROUND IN FENG SHUI
Acquired Feng Shui knowledge though practices with 30 Feng Shui
Masters and Zen Master.
FENG SHUI ACHIEVEMENT
Chairman of World Feng Shui Association
Assist to analysis Feng Shui condition for 14 major Feng Shui Statues to
bring prosperous to the local.

NAME
Han Bao De
NATIONALITY
Taiwan
BACKGROUND
Master in Architecture in Harvard University
BACKGROUND IN FENG SHUI
Acquired Feng Shui knowledge though study of variety Feng Shui book and
apprenticeship with Feng Shui Master.
FENG SHUI ACHIEVEMENT
Author for Feng Shui and Environment published on 1996.
Establish handbook applicable to identify bad Feng Shui design.

NAME
Lilian Too
NATIONALITY
Malaysia
BACKGROUND
MBA from Harvard University (Class of 1976)
BACKGROUND IN FENG SHUI
Acquired the depth knowledge from great Feng Shui Master throughout
East who span over 30 years.
FENG SHUI ACHIEVEMENT
Founder and chairman of WOFS.com
Certified Consultants Institute

MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
4.0 RESULT
Through the studies on the materials gather from these Fung Shui Master, all the important elements categorized into
four fields, there are understanding on Feng Shui, Feng Shui principle, methodology and application of outdoor Feng Shui and
emphasized element in outdoor Feng Shui. All the information are then transfer to matrix table as shown below.
Lilian Too

Joey Yap

Understanding Focus on outdoor decoration Feng Shui is a secret art if

and design. As promise by
common sense
on Feng Shui
Lilian Too, auspicious
energies created by outdoor
design is more surpass as
compare to indoor Feng
Shui.
Mountain and water is the
most important element for
Feng Shui, so too for trees
and building.
Outdoor Feng Shui not only
facilitate the residents but
give opportunity to live a
healthy, prosperous and
happier life.

Feng Shui
Principle

Yin and Yang essential to

create balance between
these two.
Feng Shui must begin at home
especially to create an

Hui Yuan

Feng Shui is an ancient

practise from China and

Feng Shui practise in garden
70% of the Feng Shui
planning had been long

eventually is govern by the

which fulfilled the aspect of
surrounding environment.
harmony.
Feng Shui in indoor of house
should align to receive the Feng Shui at outdoor is rather
important because
external positive Qi.
environment can direct
The environment itself is the
human healthiness and
key to generate positive Qi.
career development.

Pathways, footways, plants,

Either
man-made
or
natural
and trees will not influence
outdoor element, they able
the Qi of your property.
to stimulate humans
physically, physiology and
psychology.

Nowadays, Feng Shui cater

with modern landscape
study where not limited to
rhythm of aesthetic, building
and plant while considering
of structure, materials,
colour, shape and intrinsic
value.
Main objective is to align
Qi is Yang energy, while earth
ourselves toward the
is Yin energy. Each energy is
positive energy (Qi) and
rely on each other which
attach it for our benefit in
eventually restraining each
various aspect.
other.

Han Bao De
Feng Shui is a method to live
with the nature in an
optimum way.
Started from site selection,
direction to planning for the
building, Feng Shui acquired
each stage to meet with the
nature context and persons
fortune in order to reach
optimum.
Feng Shui strictly prohibit
human to override the
system of nature. These
lead to irreversible
environmental issues.
Feng Shui emphasize on
sense of natural toward
human.
Feng Shui following the
guideline of The Law of
Nature, The Numerical
Proportions of Nature, The
Breath of Nature and The
Formsand Outline of Nature.
Rely on both ancient study of
Feng Shui Ruan Tou and Li
Qi.
Ruan Tou observing the
shape of mountain, various

MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
inviting setting for Feng
Shui at exterior of your
home.
True Feng Shui landscape
must considering the four
animals.
*Black Tortoise
important feature in
backyard; feature with berm
or stone landscape; give
support throughout life,
similar as mountain; ideal to
have a mountain behind the
house.
*Red Phoenix - symbolizes the front
of your home; front of your
home should lower than the
back; help to deliver
opportunity and abundance
to your front door.
*Green Dragon Symbolized the undulate
land which rise and fall like
the spine of dragon; Dragon
resides on the left side of
your home, that advising
the left side of your house
should keep high as
compare to right side
* White Tiger - Abode for
White tiger is on the right
side of your house;
complements to the Green
Dragon; landfall should

Qi can be manipulated for our

specific goals for everyday
life.
Manmade object cannot emit
Qi vibration
Positive curing Qi can be
activated by Interaction with
favourite object
Movement can trigger Qi
Interplay between Yin and
Yang should archive
harmonies balance.
Feng Shui should create for
long-tern manner, anything
kick in shortly is not
favourable.
Mountain and water
element ideally near your
house (main element to be

inspect).

by different height. The flow

Both Yin and Yang had to keep
of river and steam then
balance and hold the same
formed accompany with the
power. If Yin and Yang
shape of mountain. And
energy are restrain within
Feng Shui master
themselves, scourge will
established basic
occurs one after another.
understanding on landscape
Water is the less priority as
and flow of energy.
compare to mountain
Utilize acupoint, a place
formation around the
where strong wind is
residential because
unreachable thus retain
formation of river is mostly
energy and contain water
depends on mountain
allow energy to layover.
formation.

Support
by Li Qi the
Water element is compulsory
technique of calculation and
for a prosperous land.
arrangement used to
Preferable if there is a wide
balance of Yin Yang, five
river carrying slow moving
elements (water, gold, fire,
water pass by your
wood, and earth) and The
prosperous land.
Eight Trigrams.
Water helps to gather positive
Utilize the 5 elements to
Qi by prevent them to
achieve the good Feng Shui
escape from your residential
*Law of Promotion
area.
- Wood promote Fire
- Fire promote Earth
- Earth promote Gold
- Gold promote Water
- Water promote Wood
* Law of Restrain
- Wood restrain Earth
- Earth restrain Water
- Water restrain Fire
- Fire restrain Gold
- Gold restrain Wood

MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________

Methodology
and Application
of Outdoor
Feng Shui

always lower then left side;

optimum should formed
between these two so that
together to protect the
living in the house.
Yin and Yang Theory
*Yin energy Dark and
passive
*Yang energy Light and
active (flourish planting)
*Shady corner balance with
flower bed
*Tall trees balance with low
lying shrubs
Planting Variety
*Crassula ovate (Jade plant)
large decorative container
near the front door
(inside/outside) should not
taller than three feet (~1
meter)
*Paeonia sp. (Peony) King
of flower (symbolic love and
affection)
*Dendranthema
grandiflorum
(Chrysanthemum) signify
the happiness and joy
(Yellow variety)
*Narcissus sp. (Narcissi)
inviting good fortune.
Ornamental Statues
*Fish The balance ( gain
balance of wealth)
* Three-legged frog

Yin and Yang Theory

Water Element
To avoid negative energy /
* Yin Energy - dark and
*Prefer slow moving water,
negative impression
*Salix babylonica (Willow
passive.
with gentle curve.
* Yin elements Mountain
*Avoid fast moving, steeply
tree) is not encourage to
* Yang Energy - light and
and sharp corner water way.
plant in your residential as
active
*Water can be derive into 2
the falling and weak
* Yang elements Water
categories Source
character symbolic of
Seaside
(incoming) and Discharged
waning.
*Residential near seaside is
(leaving).
*Climber and Ficus sp.
not recommend as the sea
*Point of source (incoming)
should avoid from house
breeze blow away good Qi.
water is great to have wider
planting as per hanging air
*Planting of tall trees will
aperture to please and
roots mean of entangled
calm the situation
inviting the Qi.
and tided. It does giving
Direction
*Point of discharged
negative energy in Feng
*South west sectors for
(leaving) water however is
Shui. (As Feng Shui
Yin, placement of nature
better to keep it low or even
preferred for plant which
water feature. Micro Feng
hide from sight.
growth stiff, strong and up
Shui such as small pond,
Planting
right yet present of several
river and lakes can archive
*Prosperous direction (North
of colours).
good Feng Shui.
east) plant with broad thick
*Prunus persica (Sakura
*North east sectors for
leaves planting while
trees) should not plant in
Yang, ideally to have
Unprosperous direction
residential as well since
mountain. Hill or tall
(South west) plant with
sakura used to represent
building will do.
needle-like planting such as
women with beauty lead to
Location
cactus.
the concept of not loyal and
*Avoid road junction or
*Plants that suitable for
short life.
roundabout around the
prosperous direction are

Rectification
for
house. (virtually acts as
Cycas revoluta (sago palm),
surrounding of
carriers of water)
Philodendron bipinnatifidum
residential
*Picking a suitable place
(lacy tree), Epipremnum
*Screening wall should build

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MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
(golden frog) able to
which already conducive to
aureum (money plant),
generate wealth
create
Anubias barteri
*Turtle / Crane Long life.
prosperous environment
(Anubias), Sansevieria
*Deer pronunciation same
rather than post
trifasciata (mother-in-law's
as Govern servant, get
modification
tongue) and Dracaena
assist
Water
braunii (Lucky bamboo).
from government
*Water in front of the
*Bamboo bring the meaning
Placed these element on the
property is generally ideal.
of peaceful (paint from
west or north west
*Suitable placement are
bamboo
corners of your garden
East, South East, North,
will do as well for indoor)
Ornamental Statues (outside
*Paeonia suffruticosa (tree
South West
gate)
*Water represent Yang in
peony) symbolic the wealth.
*Fu dogs present each
contrast with mountain
Is essential to plant at
side of the entrance as
which present Yin.
prosperous direction.
protectors.
*Sea water hard to
*Locate plants like cactus,
*Elephants, tigers,
accumulate Qi as calm
rose and bougainvillea which
eagles or others fiercely
water can gather Qi while
consist of torn bark easily
protective animals will do
crashing sea water may
neutralize the negative
but these statues must
dispersed Qi.
Qi/energy.
facing outwards.
*Lake water balance in Yin Direction
Direction
and Yang as lake water is
*Increase the height on the
*North (Career) water
static while water is stand
Green Dragon (left of the
feature, moving water
for Yang. Make sure it locate
residential) by grading the
instead of stagnant water.
in front of you property.
land or planting high trees.
Not to dig swimming pool
*Fast moving water is not
*This serve to collect
(too big). Ideal size such as
encourage to settle around
positive Qi and remedy the
fishpond, fountain or
your
deficient strength of Green
birdbath is sufficient.
house bring Sha Qi
Dragon.
*Northeast (Knowledge)
(negative energy)
*For a more limited space
Bridge wall or paved
*Monsoon drain/Cross drain
residential area, Feng Shui
surface. Rock garden is
in front of your property is
could be rectified by simply
favour. Representing youth
not good as it disperse and
changing the direction of
family members and
block the Qi to enter your
the main entrance of your
suitable for playground.
property.
house, or size of the door or
*East (Ancestors)
*Flowing water renew and
windows, the arrangement

to avoid the main entrance

to direct facing toward the
busy road.
*Stream or slow moving
water pass through front of
residential is a good sign of
Feng Shui.
*High structure behind the
house can consider as
mountain, fulfilled the Feng
Shuis site selection
required mountain in the
back of house to serve as
backbone.
*Planting should be neat
and surround the
residential.

11

MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Setting of green Dragon.
rejuvenate Qi in the area,
in the house which fulfilled
Hedge or border of green
stagnant water do no help
the requirement of Eight
plant is relevant. Associated
in generate Qi.
Mansions Feng Shui or Five
*Gently rippling, gurgling
with the eldest son of the
Element Feng Shui.
donate to harmonious Qi
Road
family.
*It is always encourage to
*Southeast (Wealth)
flow, bring about peace of
build a screening wall inside
Plenty of planting. Water
mind.
Landform
or outside of the residential
feature is welcome as it
*Bowl land to accumulate Qi
if the main entrance is
bring extraordinary good
(wok shape on another hand
heading toward busy road
luck to household. Water
is bad). Mound land
*It serve as screener for
feature should be seen from
dispersed Qi. Rock land
strong wind and negative Qi
house.
block Qi, Soggy land unable
*South (Fame) Bright
hold Qi.
colour flower, especially red
Mountain
to attract energy. Do not
*Ideal to be sit at South,
place water feature as it will
West, North West, North
clash with the fire element.
East
Ensure the flowers are
*Sitting behind of the house
flourishing all the time.
is the most ideal as it stiff,
*South West
stable, giving sense of
(Relationship) Represent
security to the family.
mother earth. Lighting is
*Avoid slope behind the
inviting in this area.
house which probably
Japanese-style garden with
pointed to your living space.
stone lights, pebbles and
stepping stone is preferable.
*West (Children) Abode
for Feng Shui tiger, planting
should be low and white
flower is suitable to place
here. Represent for
youngest daughter.
*Northwest
(Benefactors) Most

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FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
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Emphasized
Element in
outdoor Feng
Shui

significant part of
household. Benefit the
whole family member as the
Feng Shui is good. Yang
energy gather in this area
and keep the garden simply.
Preferable to decorate with
stone and pebble.
Pathway to entrance
Water Element
Water
Planting to consider
Curve instead of straight
*Water element is able to
*Water serves as vein for
*Nelumbo nucifera (Lotus)
Flower Bed Curved rather
counteract inauspicious
the mountain, which these
and Nymphaea caerulea
than straight
Feng Shui
water flow over the
(Blue Lotus) are preferable
Front Door Keep it clean
*Water pool is consider to
mountain and had
plant in residential planting.
and sparkling (grow
be water element as well.
accumulate with many
Lotus caring meaning of
evergreen plant in round
Large house need deeper
positive Qi.
many children, purity, not
container at on each side of
water to create right Feng

Pagoda
influence by surrounding.
entrance.)
*Pagoda can serve as
Shui
vibes.
*Styphnolobium japonicum
Lighting Introduce lighting

Ideal
location

protection
elements
for
(Pagoda trees) represent
at entrance to inviting more
*The
combination
of
land,
places
which
usually
flood
great virtue and used to be
energy
mountain, water, roads and
*Essential for unruly river
garden planting trees.
Ornamental Statues Place
open space.
flow
for symbolic of good health
Some Chinese pronounce it
*Mountain generate Qi, Yin Bridge
Be creative to change the
as house protector trees.
*Bridge could build at the
element
arrangement or choice of
Landscape Pagoda
estuary of the river to guard
plants.
*Landscape building should
the wealth of villages.
be their edge of root
Spirit Stone
heading upward, symbolic
*A spirit stone or often refer
of growth energy.
as ShiGanDang could serve
*Column of building should
as a landscape element
upright. Sliding building
reflecting the negative Qi
make no sense for safety
when the residential is
and give extreme bad luck
facing busy road.
for the users.
*Spirit stone is placed right
*The negative energy will
on the direction which
even spread toward the
facing the road.

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FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
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Monster-Revealing Mirror
*Chinese believe of monster
shun to revealing mirror
thus able to ward off
demon.
*Hanging the mirror on the
main entrance will help to
prevent influence of
negative Qi.
Planting
*Sharp corner and edge of
surrounding building will
create negative Qi
especially those edges
facing toward your
residential.
*This negative Qi can
resolve by planting cactus
(basically those which sharp
torn)
*Indoor planting is welcome
as leave have the ability to
ward out negative Qi
*Planting at main entrance
can even inviting
prosperous to the house
Sculpture
*Stone lion, Kirin, goldfish,
golden bull, and golden
chicken may improve the
wealth for the residents
members and help to avoid
bad luck.

neighbour

Table 1: Understanding and Application of Four Feng Shui Master in Categories

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FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
6.0 Analysis
Feng Shui practice does not establish a firm guideline which lead to
branches of Feng Shui practice on the field. These practices are very depending
to the Feng Shui Master understanding on Feng Shui, and throughout their
experience in design Feng Shui land.
6.1 Understanding on Feng Shui
Lilian Too, the famous Feng Shui Master in Malaysia, mentioned outdoor
Feng Shui design of your residential area is lot more important than the indoor as
auspicious energies could be created at outdoor setting. She believe that a good
Feng Shui not only facilitates resident while promote their health, prosperous and
happiness. The point of view for Lilian Too is quite similar to both Joey Yap and
Yuen Hui. Both Feng Shui Master agreed Feng Shui is mostly manipulated by the
exterior factors. Nevertheless, Joey Yap do emphasized that interior design for
residential should consider as well to proper align the indoor design toward the
exterior Qi. Joey Yap argued some man-made feature duly not affect the Feng
Shui of the surrounding which different from Lilian Too and Yuen Hui. Han
explained Feng Shui should always complement to the nature. Feng Shui concept
is rather different from modern architecture which tend to conquer the nature.
Thought reading the tough from these Feng Shui Master, we could easily notice
Lilian Too and Yuan Hui having quite same ideology and understanding toward
Feng Shui. Both master advocated outdoor Feng Shui design is the key to
achieve good Feng Shui for residential. Joey Yap consider the interior and exterior
of residential is equally important. Han however less tough about Feng Shui as
standalone setting but look Feng Shui as a big picture of environment.
6.2 Feng Shui Principle
When come to the principle of Feng Shui at outdoor setting, concept of Yin
and Yang is repeating in almost all Feng Shui Masters. Yin and Yang theory is
happened to be the foundation of Feng Shui. Yin and Yang derive elements and
aspects into dark and light or passive and active. As mention by Joey Yap, both
Yin and Yang is co-exist where these energies are restraining each other. Yin and
Yang energy have to keep balance in order to archive good Feng Shui. Lilian Too
briefs some lively example like decorate the shady (Yin) corner in your residential
garden with some eye-catching colour flower or plants (Yang) to keep the garden
balance in energy. Yuan Hui too emphasizes the important of keeping Yin and
Yang balance, if the balance is not archive, scourges will bring to the family who
reside the house.
Beside to Yin and Yang concept, Feng Shui Masters give the same priority
to the flow of Qi (positive energy) in examine the Feng Shui of the land. Han, the
expert in studying ancient Chinese Feng Shui explain the origin of Feng Shui is
depending on two schools of studies which are Ruan Tou and Li Qi. Basically Ruan
Tou is the study on mountains shape and river flows. This is the very first time
Feng Shui Master discover the energy flow. Qi is important in Feng Shui where if
the place manage to retain the Qi in the area, the place will be considering good
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Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Feng Shui and benefit the residents. The principle of Qi is well adopt by Joey Yap
who suggested Qi could manipulated for specific goals for daily life. And the key
to trigger flow of Qi is movement, specifically referring only to gentle movement
rather than hash one. However, for Joey Yap, Qi is unable to be create through
man-made element. This remind the ideology of Han where Feng Shui element
should always rely on nature context. There are some places named as Dragon
Acupoint where strong wind is unreachable thus retain energy and contain water
to allow Qi to be layover. This is a place where good in Feng Shui and demanding.
Qi could able to introduce too to your residential by technique named Li Qi. As
told by Han, Li Qi enable formulate and arrange the place to archive balance of
Yin Yang, Five Elements, and the Tight Trigrams thus inviting Qi to the place.
School of Li Qi is practice by Lilian Too deeply in her consultant career. It
sound more practical when it come to the context of urban residential. As Li Qi
enable post rectification to receive the benefit of good Feng Shui, there
rectification can be done even in the small garden especially in urban residential
area. Lilian Too shared that residential Feng Shui should be first to consider and
should begin at your home. Unlike Joey Yap and Han, Lilian Too more focus on
position Feng Shui. The most basic position Feng Shui divided the residential into
4 positions and represent by 4 animals, red phoenix for front of your house, black
tortoise for back of your house, green dragon for left of your house and lastly
white tiger for the right of your house. These position carry their own unique
properties and suitable for specific landscape feature. Red phoenix represented
opportunities, black tortoise represent support, green dragon and white tiger
both represent protection for the house.
6.3 Methodology and Application of Outdoor Feng Shui
6.3.1 Yin and Yang Theory (Lilian Too & Joey Yap)
As mention previously, Yin and Yang is the foundation of Feng Shui. Thus,
it is important to keep it balance in your residential garden. Lilian Too suggest to
have flower bed at the shady corner to allow flower serve as Yang energy to
restrain the Yin energy at shady place. Same goes to the shady part at tall trees
which may plant with varieties of low lying shrubs. Joey Yap on another hand
advises the most Yin sector is located at south west of residential. Therefore,
water feature are most welcome to introduce to this sector to create Yan energy.
For the most Yang sector at north east of your house, it is great to have mountain
as support for your family. Anyway, Hill or tall building are acceptable to serve
the same purpose.
6.3.2 Planting Selection (Lilian Too, Yuen Hui & Han)
Planting selection for Feng Shui landscape is quite flexible and
manipulated to meet the household preference. There are still some suggested
planting from Feng Shui Master which all these species should symbolic for great
meaning and promote good fortune.

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Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Yuen Hui elaborate her understanding that the more suitable to plant Feng Shui
planting is at north east. Some suggested species are Cycas revoluta (sago
palm), Philodendron bipinnatifidum (lacy tree), Epipremnum aureum (money
plant), Anubias barteri (Anubias), Sansevieria trifasciata (mother-in-law's tongue)
and Dracaena braunii (Lucky bamboo). Yuen Hui do mention torn planting treated
at south west which belong to unprosperous direction. These planting can be like
cactus, rose and bougainvillea which consist of torn bark easily neutralize the
negative Qi.
Lilian Too has the same opinion yet add-on by outdoor planting which are
Crassula ovate (Jade plant) large decorative container near the front door.
Paeonia sp. also a great choice as it symbolic love. Dendranthema grandiflorum
(Chrysanthemum) as great as compare to Paeonia symbolic for happiness and
joy. These plant definitely create great environment surrounding and inviting Qi
to the space.
Planting
Scientific
Name
(Planting
Common
Name)
Crassula
ovate
(Jade plant)

Illustration Photo

Benefit in Fung Shui

Landscape

To gather wealth energy

of the house.

Figure 1 Jade plant

(Sources: Garden Online, 2015)

Symbolic of peaceful
Paint illustrate bamboo
will do as well for indoor

Dracaena
braunii
(Lucky
bamboo)

Figure 9 Lucky bamboo

(Sources: Secret Garden)

Nelumbo
nucifera
(Lotus)

Symbolic of many
children, purity, not
influence by
surrounding.

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Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________

Figure 10 Lotus
(Sources: Deviant Art, 2012)

Han agreed the same as per both Feng Shui Master. He also suggested the
planting of Nelumbo nucifera (Lotus) and Nymphaea caerulea (Blue Lotus) in
your residential as it mean gain of many child, purity and not influence by
surrounding. Though some planting should be avoid from residential garden such
as Salix babylonica (Willow tree), Ficus sp. and Prunus persica (Sakura trees).
Even though these trees are ornamental planting which used to plant in park, yet
it give negative Qi to the house. As mention by Han, Feng Shui planting keen to
planting with appear to be stiff, strong and growth up right.
6.3.3 Ornamental Statues (Lilian Too)
Disregard to what presented by Joey Yap, Lilian Too hold a different opinion
on how man-made element helps in creating and rectify the Feng Shui at a
particular place. Lilian Too believe that fishes, three legged frog, turtles and deer
statues have various auspicious power which facilitate the family in the house.
The best location to place these status is at west or north west corners of your
garden.
Types of
Sculpture
Three-legged
frog (golden
frog)

Illustration Photo

Benefit in Fung Shui

Landscape
To generate wealth

Figure 19 Three-legged toad

(Sources: Gift India, 2015)

Fu dogs

Present each side of the

entrance as protector

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MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Figure 22 Fu dogs
(Sources: Salvatore Manzi)

Symbolic of long life.

Turtle / Crane

Figure 20 Feng Shui Turtle

(Sources: Planet Feng Shui, 2015)

6.3.4 Cardinal Direction (Lilian Too, Joey Yap & Yuan Hui)
It is important to understand the in Feng Shui, each cardinal direction
including the secondary cardinal direction represent each human desire. Clarified
in Lilian Too write up, these human desires are career, knowledge, ancestors,
wealth, fame, relationship, children and benefactors. To receive the benefit from
these cardinal direction, the setting of these direction of your house have to
decorate according the element which reside to the direction. Joey Yap shares
the same idea where outdoor features should locate accordingly in order to
archive balance for your house. Yuan Hui even further elaborate that necessity to
keep each direction of your house meet the Feng Shui requirement such as
Green Dragon (left) of your house should higher than White Tiger (right) of your
house. This could ensure you house collect positive Qi.
6.3.5 Water Element (Joey Yap, Yuen Hui)
Water is the most important element in Feng Shui as it serve as a place
where the Qi overlay and retain at the area. Yuen Hui explained in Feng Shui,
kinetic water is preferable. The characters of water elements is favourable to
moving slow and channel in meander stream. Joey Yap share the common
opinion on this statement. Joey Yap stated stagnant water is not generating Qi as
moving water do. He remind that ripping could provide harmonious Qi flow hence
allow the people around get rid of stresses and worries.
Since moving water able to introduce Qi to your house, Yuan Hui
suggested that it will be more desirable to have wider opening for the incoming
waterway and narrow opening for the outgoing waterway. This work as retention
for the Qi thus the house can collect the Qi for the benefit.
In the context of Malaysia, we having many monsoon drain which passing
through our front and back yard. Yet, that is a different scenario explained by
Joey Yap. Despite water is carry by the drain, these water usually moving fast
and it tends to disperse and block the Qi to enter your house. In certain extend,
these big monsoon drain will create Sha Qi (negative energy) toward your house.
Therefore, try to avoid form your house if possible. In addition, water features is
encourage to be placed at east, south east, north and south west of your house.
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Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
This is applicable as to compensate the Yin energy of the cardinal direction
(Water consider as Yang energy). If there is not steam or river passing through
your house, a small pond or pool could serve the purpose to balance the Yin
energy.
Types of
Water
Element
Lake

Illustration Photo

Benefit in Fung Shui

Landscape
Able to balance Yin
energy
even
it
is
stagnant water.

Figure 13 Tasik Bera Lake side Resort

(Sources: The Star, 2008)

Water pool is consider to

be water element.
Large
house
need
deeper water to create
right Feng Shui vibes.

Pool

Figure 14 Brian Dillard Architecture located in

Austin, Texus (Sources: Freshome)

Renew and rejuvenate Qi

in the area

Flowing Water

Figure 15 Batang Hari river in Sarawak

(Sources: Seriously Fish, 2009)

6.3.6 Road Direction (Joey Yap, Yuan Hui & Han)

Most Chinese practice taboo of avoiding houses which facing direct the
road junctions. This actually had been taught in Feng Shui where road junction
and roundabout should avoid around your house. The main reason is because
road itself virtually acts as the carriers of water plus if the road is busy, if will
flush away the Qi from your house. Thus, Joey Yap do recommend prospect house
owner rather to pick a suitable place which have a conducive environment for
Feng Shui rather than post rectification. As sometime, the rectification needed is
not possible to implement.
Yuan Hui and Han hold the same opinion on this situation. They urged for
the house owner to build a screening wall to block the direct access of road
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MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
toward your main entrance. This screening wall act as a barrier to screen the
strong wind and negative Qi to get into your house.
6.3.7 Site Selection Practice (Joey Yap & Han)
Due to different practice of Feng Shui study, some Feng Shui Master more
emphasize on stage of site selection. As mention previously, Joey Yap himself
prefer a conducive site for Feng Shui instead the modified one. Examine the
landform is first to be consider as this directly relate your fortune when live in
this piece of land. Joey Yap clarified bowl shape land is favourable to accumulate
Qi thus provide good Feng Shui. In contrast, mound land dispersed the Qi.
Beside, Joey Yap also recommend house with mountain sitting behind the
house. Han elaborated high raised could be an alternative for mountain if there is
none. Even if it is better to have mountain behind your house, it is not a good
Feng Shui if your house is right beside the steep slope. Joey Yap warmed these
areas should be avoid as it forms Sha Qi (negative energy).
6.4.4 Landscape Facilities
Installation of landscape facilities complete the outdoor experience and
enable the Qi to facilitate to the house. Lighting is a good element which able to
gather positive energy (Lilian Too, 1999). Providing the benefit of lighting, it is
pleased to have them beside entrance of your house to invite the positive energy
to you house. The main entrance of your house, on another hand, should keep it
clean yet evergreen planting is encourage to place beside the entrance. Pagoda
in Feng Shui give mean of protection from flood and therefore usually placed
beside river and water elements. The root edge for pagoda is consider as well.
The edges of root should always heading upward which encourage the growth of
energy (Yuen Hui, 2003). Bridge in Feng Shui landscape not only serve as
connection facilities but allow to guard the wealth of whole village if it build at
the estuary of river (Yuen Hui, 2003).
Beside to the functional landscape facilities, there are some landscape
element introduce in Feng Shui landscape to further rectify the bad energy which
heading toward your house. Spirit Stone could place right in front of the
junction which confront with you houses entrances. The spirit stone able to
reflect Sha Qi so that your house is safe from it. Another interesting apparatus is
Monster-Revealing Mirror. This mirror mostly set on the entrance of your
house and prevent negative energies. Chinese believe that monster shun to
revealing mirror thus able to ward off the demon creatures.
7.0 Conclusion
Feng Shui evolve from merely choosing a most prosperous site for living
till now it is a knowledge to live harmony by adjust the adjacent environment in
order to live harmony with the nature. As per discuss, garden is the place where
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MLA SEMINAR 2015

Department of Landscape Architecture
FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
human interact most with the nature. A residential garden suit with good Feng
Shui not only able to maximize the restorative purpose of garden but allow the
residents having addition benefits. Practicing of Feng Shui elements in residential
is more accessible as many aspects of harmony can be create or rectified
through minor renovation or sculpture. By assessing four Feng Shui master in this
research, water element and planting materials no doubt to be the most import
elements in Feng Shui and to assess these element is easy and handy. Yet, to
ensure your residential have a good Feng Shui, you do not have to purchase an
ideal place which may cause you more but just do some modification on
arrangement and install some complementary landscape element for example
water feature to your garden. Besides, the required materials in Feng Shui
garden design is easy to get from Malaysia market as these planting strongly
influences by China. Thus, most of the planting materials could survive in tropical
climates.
In addition, garden design are gearing toward sustainable and
environmental friendly design. Feng Shui landscape having great potential to fit
in this tread. As mention by most Feng Shui Master, the ultimate goal of Feng
Shui design is to find for the equilibrium of human and landscape, and prohibit
for human overrule the nature. Feng Shui principle should further study and
produce a complete framework to ensure the harmony relation give benefit to
human and nature. Feng Shui landscape is strongly recommend to adopt into
generic landscape design principle. These principles could improve the overall
experience users toward the garden yet ensure the quality of residential garden
is preserved.

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FRSB, Universiti Putra Malaysia
July 2015
_________________________________________________________________________________________
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Landscape Dynamics.

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