Adjective Clause

KEY TERMS :

Clause

: A clause is a group of words containing

a subject and a verb.

Independent clause : An Independent clause is a complete

sentence. Or a main clause which can
stand alone as a sentence.
Dependent clause : A dependent clause is not complete
sentence. It must be connected to an
Independent clause. It can not stand
alone as a sentence.

Adjective Clause
KEY TERMS :

An Adjective clause : An Adjective clause is a dependent

clause. It describes or gives information
about a noun ( an adjective clause is also
called a relative clause ).
Relative Pronoun

: Relative pronoun is a conjunction or a

word that is used to relate between a
main noun ( special noun ) in main /
independent clause and sub / dependent
clause.

USING SUBJECT PRONOUN ( WHO / WHICH / THAT )

WHO ( For person : who , that )
Example
The woman is a nurse
: a main clause/ an
independent clause
She is helping a doctor
:a sub clause/ a dependent
clause
a. The woman who is helping a doctor is a nurse
b. The woman that is helping a doctor is a nurse
Note:
The woman : is called main noun. It needs explanation more.
Who/that: is called relative pronoun as subject (subject
pronoun). The position of who/that is the changer of She and
the position of She is as a subject.
Who is helping a doctor : is called a relative clause (sub
clause/ adjective clause).

USING SUBJECT PRONOUN ( WHO / WHICH / THAT )

WHICH / THAT (for thing or animal)
Example:
IC
:The river is polluted.
DC
: It flows through the town.
The river which flows through the town is polluted.
The river that flows through the town is polluted.
Note:
who and whom refer to people. Which refers to things or
animal. that can refer to either people, things or animal.
To make an adjective clause, we can change it to which or
that. It, which, and that all refer to a thing (the river).

USING OBJECT PRONOUN ( WHOM, WHICH, THAT )

WHOM (for people)
Example :
The woman is a kind midwife. We like her.
The woman whom we like is a kind midwife.
The woman that we like is a kind midwife.
The woman ( ) we like is a kind midwife.
Note :
who is usually used instead of whom, especially in
speaking. Whom is generally used only in very formal
English.
An Object pronoun is often omitted from an adjective
clause. (but for subject pronoun, however can not be
omitted.

USING OBJECT PRONOUN ( WHOM, WHICH, THAT )

WHICH (for thing and animal)
Example
IC
The operation room was new last year.
DC
I had ever cleaned it.
The operation room which I had ever cleaned was new last
year.
The operation room that I had ever cleaned was new last year.
The operation room ( ) I had ever cleaned was new last year.

USING RELATIVE PRONOUN WHOSE

Whose is used to change possessive

adjective. The place of possessive adjective
can be either in a subject or in an object. We
must be sure that we put a noun either
singular or plural after whose. And in sub
clause, there must be a possessive adjective
of the main noun in main clause.

USING RELATIVE PRONOUN WHOSE

WHOSE as subject pronoun

Example:
The man called the nurse. His wife was sick.
The man whose wife was sick called the
nurse.
I know the girl. Her father is a famous Psychiatrist.
I know the girl whose father is a famous
Psychiatrist.

USING RELATIVE PRONOUN WHOSE

WHOSE as object pronoun

Example:
The doctors gathered in the meeting room yesterday.
Some secretaries brought their books.

The doctors whose books some secretaries bought

gathered in the meeting room yesterday.

USING WHEN (adverb of time)

Example
He always remembers the day. He got a scholarship then (on
that day).
a) He always remembers the day when He got a
scholarship.
b) He always remembers the day that he got a
scholarship.
c) He always remembers the day on which he got
a scholarship.
d) He always remembers the day ( ) he got a
scholarship.

USING WHEN (adverb of time)

Note
WHEN is used in relative clause to modify a noun (adverb)
of time (time, day, month, year, century).
The use of preposition in an adjective clause that modifies a
noun of time is somewhat different from that in other adjective
clause. A preposition is used preceding which, as in (d)
otherwise, the preposition is omitted.

USING WHERE (Adverb of Place)

Example
The campus is very peaceful. We learn English there (in that
campus)
a) The campus where we learn English is very
peaceful.
b) The campus in which we learn English is very
peaceful.
c) The campus that we learn in English is very
peaceful.
d) The campus which we learn in English is very
peaceful.
e) The campus ( ) we learn English is very
peaceful.

USING WHERE (Adverb of Place)

Note :
WHERE is used in an adjective clause to modify a
place (city, country, room, house).
if where is used, a preposition is not included in the
adjective clause, if where is not used, the
preposition must be included.

Practice!
1. Tolong, ambilkan cairan biru muda yang berada di
samping kotak plastik itu!
2. Kapan anda bertemu dengan dokter cantik yang
merawat anda dengan sabar dan ramah?
3. Apakah seorang laki-laki yang baru masuk
ruangan tadi dokter bedah?
4. Siapa yang memeriksa pasien yang bernama bu
Cholifia?
5. Dimana wanita yang membeli obat di apotek tadi?

Answer key!
1. Please, take a light blue liquid which is beside the
plastic box.
2. .

3. .
4. Who examines patient who has name Mrs.
Cholifia?
5. Where is the woman who buys medicine in the
drug store?

Do it correctly!
1.

2.

3.

4.
5.

Seorang ibu yang membawa dua bayi itu adalah

bidan senior.
Perawat yang lewat di depan ruang bedah itu
sekarang berada di ruang operasi bersama temantemannya
Kapan dokter gigi yang berasal dari Jerman itu
datang ke sini?
Dimana jarum suntik yang baru saja saya pakai ?
Orang tua yang tinggal di dekat rumah saya itu
sekarang berada di rumah sakit.