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Steel materials for civil engineering

Department of Civil Engineering Mar. 15, 2012

International University - VNU HCMC

Iron material has been used since 1500 B.C. (Iron Age);
Currently, steel and steel alloys are used widely in civil engineering
applications. Steel has become the primary structural material for
reinforced concrete structures, steel structures applied for buildings,
bridges, road and other structures;

CE214U-Constructions Materials

Its applicability is due to its light weight, strength, durability, ease of

maintenance and construction, low erection costs, and resistance to
natural disasters such as earthquakes.

Steel

New high-performance steels introduced in the 1990s have superior

strength and corrosion resistance.
Another technology for protecting steel in construction is a process
known as metalizing in which aluminum or zinc is sprayed onto a cleaned
steel surface to form a 30-year protective coating

Nguyen Dinh Hung Dr. Eng.

Steel materials for civil engineering

Steel materials for civil engineering

Steel products used in construction can be classified as follows;

Structural steel: Plates

Fastening products: bolts

bars

pipe

nuts

shapes

Normal steel: deformed bars

round bars

washers

Be applied for steel structures

Prestressing steel: strand (7 wires)

Process for producing steel productions

prestressing bar

Posttensioned concrete structures

Chemical composition: Fe, C, Si,

Mn, P, S and Cr, Ni, Cu W, Mo, Ti
Carbon steel;
Alloy steel;
Stainless steel: chromium, nickel
and other alloys which prevent
corrosion of the steel even under
harsh conditions like high humidity
or exposure to corroding acids
Tool steel

Steel
Ductile

pig iron

Harden

Properties of steel depends mainly on Fe and C;

Properties of steel (structure of crystal) can be altered by applying a variety of
heat treatments (rapid cool, air cool and temperature).

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Properties of steel for concrete

Properties of steel

There is a wide variety of systems for identifying or designating steel,

based on grade, type and class: depends on each country;

Properties

For concrete: 2 types:

Density , rs (1000 kg/m3)

7
Carbon
Steels
7.85

Alloy Steels

Stainless
Steels

Tool Steels

7.85

7.75-8.1

7.72-8.0
190-210

Normal steel (C <2%)

Elastic Modulus , Es (GPa)

190-210

190-210

190-210

Prestressing steel (C = 0.6 - 0.83 %)

Poisson's Ratio

0.27-0.3

0.27-0.3

0.27-0.3

0.27-0.3

Tensile Strength, fu (MPa)

276-882

758-1882

515-827

640-2000

Yield Strength, fy (MPa)

186-758

366-1793

207-552

380-440

Percent Elongation (%)

10 - 32

4 - 31

12 - 40

5 - 25

Thermal Expansion (10-6/C)

11-16.6

9.0-15

9.0-20.7

9.4-15.1

Properties: Yield strength, Ultimate (tensile) strength, Youngs modulus,

Poisson ratio

Creep:
Relaxation:

fpe/fpu
0.6
0.7
0.8

Steel types for concrete structure

Name
Normal steel
High strength/
Prestressing bar
Prestressing
tendons

fy/fpy

fu/fpu

350 to
420

500 to 550

900 to
1100

1000 to
1200

1650

1860

Es/Eps

Same stress, strain increases over time (same as concrete)

Same strain, stress decreases over time (shrinkage in concrete)

Medium relaxation
4.5 %
8%
12 %

Low relaxation
1.0 %
2.5 %
4.5 %

Prestressing steel

Department of Civl Engineering

International University VNU HCMC

roll (D8, D10) round

200000 bar from D6: deformed
Round and/or twist bar or
deformed bar
199500 Wire 5 and 7 (in)

Thank you for your kind attention!