Professional Documents
Culture Documents
High density grid: frequent and short connections from the switchgear
elements to the earth grid. This reduces the TGPR in the GIS and contributes
to reduce the total earth electrode resistance, but not in direct proportion to
the additional length.
Connection to the reinforced concrete mat: connecting the reinforcing
steel mesh and structural steel to the earth grid will reduce the total earth
electrode resistance. However this is complicated and it has to be done in a
way that avoids problems of overheating and damage of the reinforced
structure due to excessive circulating currents.
Use of deep driven ground rods: If, after the above methods have been
applied, the earth electrode resistance is still high, then the use of dee!p
driven ground rods will be required.
Induced currents
Gas Insulated Substations have a grounded outer sheath enclosing the high
voltage inner conductor, unlike conventional equipment whose closest ground is the
earths surface. At the same time the phase separation is muc:h smaller.
Depending on the current circulating through the bus-bars there will be a significant
electromagnetic field surrounding the enclosures (figure 2). Thle alternating
variation of this magnetic field induces currents in the grounded enclosure and
other metallic parts in the substation such as steel structures, inter-phase enclosure
connections and ground connections (i.e. earth shunt connections) etc. (2,4,5).
The induced currents in the enclosure can reach 90% of the value of the primary
busbar current and they circulate in opposite direction which reduces the total
magnetic field outside thle enclosure.