Orac 12c 150401123307 Conversion Gate01

Oracle RAC 12cR1
Ricardo Portilho Proni

ricardo@nervinformatica.com.br
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Creative Commons Atribuio-SemDerivados 3.0 Brasil.
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Oracle RAC: Conceitos
Por que usar o RAC?

Disponibilidade
Escalabilidade
Custo Total de Propriedade (TCO)
Por que no usar o RAC?

Custo de Equipamentos
Custo de Licenas
Custo de Conhecimento
Complexidade
Escalabilidade
Oracle RAC x Single Instance

1 Database x N Instances
+ Background Processes
+ daemons
OCR
Voting Disk
Evoluo Oracle RAC

Oracle 6.0.35: VAX / VMS
Oracle 7: PCM
Oracle 8i: Cache Fusion I
Oracle 9i: Cache Fusion II, Oracle Cluster Management Services
Oracle 10gR1:
Oracle Cluster Management Services => Cluster Ready Services (CRS)
ASM - Automatic Storage management
FAN - Fast Application Notification
Integrao com Database Services
AWR, ADDM, ASH, Scheduler, Enterprise Manager
Oracle 10gR2: CRS => Oracle Clusterware. New Features incluem: cluvfy, asmcmd.
Oracle 11gR1: Apenas 7 New Features.
Oracle 11gR2: CRS => Grid Infrastrucutre. 32 New Features.
Oracle 12cR1: 33 New Features.
RAC 11gR1 New Features

Enhanced Oracle RAC Monitoring and Diagnostics in Enterprise Manager
Enhanced Oracle Real Application Clusters Configuration Assistants
OCI Runtime Connection Load Balancing
Parallel Execution for Oracle Real Application Clusters
Support for Distributed Transactions in an Oracle RAC Environment
Enhanced Oracle RAC Switchover Support for Logical Standby Databases
Enhanced Oracle RAC Monitoring and Diagnostics in Enterprise Manager

Configuration Assistants Support New Oracle RAC Features
Enhanced Cluster Verification Utility
Integration of Cluster Verification Utility and Oracle Universal Installer
Cluster Time Service
Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) Enhancements
Grid Plug and Play (GPnP)
Oracle Restart
Policy-Based Cluster and Capacity Management
Improved Clusterware Resource Modeling
Role-Separated Management
Agent Development Framework
Zero Downtime Patching for Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC
Enterprise Manager-Based Clusterware Resource Management
Enterprise Manager Provisioning for Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application
Clusters
Enterprise Manager Support for Grid Plug and Play
Enterprise Manager Support for Oracle Restart
Configuration Assistant Support for Removing Oracle RAC Installations

Oracle Universal Installer Support for Removing Oracle RAC Installations
Improved Deinstallation Support With Oracle Universal Installer
Downgrading Database Configured With DBControl
Oracle Restart Integration with Oracle Universal Installer
Out-of-Place Oracle Clusterware Upgrade
OUI Support for Out-of-Place Oracle Clusterware Upgrade
Server Control (SRVCTL) Enhancements
Server Control (SRVCTL) Enhancements to Support Grid Plug and Play
SRVCTL Support for Single-Instance Database in a Cluster
Universal Connection Pool (UCP) Integration with Oracle Data Guard
UCP Integration With Oracle Real Application Clusters
Universal Connection Pool (UCP) for JDBC
Java API for Oracle RAC FAN High Availability Events
EMCA Supports New Oracle RAC Configuration for Enterprise Manager
Global Oracle RAC ASH Report + ADDM Backwards Compatibility
RAC 12cR1 New Features

Oracle Flex Cluster
SRVCTL Support for Oracle Flex Cluster Implementations
Policy-Based Cluster Management and Administration
What-If Command Evaluation
Shared Grid Naming Service (GNS)
Online Resource Attribute Modification
Grid Infrastructure Script Automation for Installation and Upgrade
Multipurpose Cluster Installation Support
Support for IPv6 Based IP Addresses for Oracle RAC Client Connectivity
Message Forwarding on Oracle RAC
Sharded Queues for Performance and Scalability
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Rolling Migration for One-Off Patches
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RAC 12cR1 New Features

Oracle Flex ASM
Oracle ASM Shared Password File in a Disk Group
Oracle ASM Rebalance Enhancements
Oracle ASM Disk Resync Enhancements
Oracle ASM chown, chgrp, chmod and Open Files Support
Oracle ASM Support ALTER DISKGROUP REPLACE USER
Oracle ASM File Access Control on Windows
Oracle ASM Disk Scrubbing
Oracle Cluster Registry Backup in ASM Disk Group Support
Enterprise Manager Support for Oracle ASM Features
Oracle ACFS Support for All Oracle Database Files
Oracle ACFS and Highly Available NFS
Oracle ACFS Snapshots Enhancements
Oracle ACFS Replication Integration with Oracle ACFS Security and Encryption
Oracle ACFS Security and Encryption Features
Oracle ACFS File Tags for Grid Homes
Oracle ACFS Plug-in APIs
Oracle ACFS Replication and Tagging on AIX
Oracle ACFS Replication and Tagging on Solaris
Oracle Audit Vault Support for Oracle ACFS Security and Encryption
Enterprise Manager Support for Oracle ACFS New Features
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Hardware
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Hardware
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Sistema Operacional
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Sistemas Operacionais homologados

Linux x64
Oracle Linux 7 / Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11

Linux on System z
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5
SUSE 11
Unix
Oracle Solaris 11 (SPARC) / Oracle Solaris 10 (SPARC)
Oracle Solaris 11 (x64) / Oracle Solaris 10 (x64)
HP-UX 11iV3
AIX 7.1 / AIX 6.1

Windows (x64)
Windows Server 2008 SP2 - Standard, Enterprise, DataCenter, Web.
Windows Server 2008 R2 - Foundation, Standard, Enterprise, DataCenter, Web.
Windows Server 2012 - Standard, Datacenter, Essentials, Foundation.
Windows Server 2012 R2 - Standard, Datacenter, Essentials, Foundation
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Lab 1 Instalao OEL 6

Hands On !
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Lab 1.1: Instalao OEL 6

Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, instale o OEL.
- 1a tela: Install or upgrade an existing system
- 2a tela: Skip
- 3a tela: Next
- 4a tela: English (English), Next
- 5a tela: Brazilian ABNT2, Next
- 6a tela: Basic Storage Devices, Next
- 7a tela: Fresh Installation, Next
- 8a tela: nerv01.localdomain, Next
- 9a tela: America/Sao Paulo, Next
- 10a tela: Nerv2015, Nerv2015, Next
- 11a tela: Create Custom Layout, Next
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- 12a tela: Crie as parties como abaixo, e em seguida, Next:
sda1
1024 MB
/boot
sda2
100000 MB
/
sda3
20000 MB
/home
sda5
16384 MB
swap
sda6
10000 MB
/var
sda7
10000 MB
/tmp
sda8
Espao restante /u01
- 13a tela: Format
- 14a tela: Write changes to disk
- 15a tela: Next
- 16a tela: Desktop
- 17a tela: Reboot
- Retire o DVD.
- Aps o Boot: Forward, Yes, I agree to the License Agrrement, Forward, No, I
prefer to register at a later time, Forward No thanks, I'll connect later, Forward,
Forward, Yes, Forward, Finish, Yes, OK.
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Lab 2 Configurao DNS

Hands On !
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Na mquina nerv09, instale os pacotes necessrios para o DNS.
# yum -y install bind bind-utils
Na mquina nerv09, deixe APENAS as seguintes linhas no arquivo /etc/named.conf.
options {
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 192.168.0.201; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
// query-source address * port 53;
};
zone "." in {
type hint;
file "/dev/null";
};
zone "localdomain." IN {
type master;
file "localdomain.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
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Nas mquinas nerv09, deixe APENAS as seguintes linhas no arquivo
/var/named/localdomain.zone.
$TTL
@
86400
IN SOA localhost root.localhost (
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; serial (d. adams)
3H
; refresh
15M
; retry
1W
; expiry
1D )
; minimum
IN NS
localhost
localhost
IN A
127.0.0.1
nerv01
IN A 192.168.0.101
nerv02
IN A 192.168.0.102
nerv01-vip
IN A 192.168.0.111
nerv02-vip
IN A 192.168.0.112
rac01-scan
IN A 192.168.0.151
rac01-scan
IN A 192.168.0.152
rac01-scan
IN A 192.168.0.153
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Na mquina nerv09, deixe APENAS as seguintes linhas no arquivo
/var/named/0.168.192.in-addr.arpa.
$ORIGIN 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa.
$TTL 1H
@
IN
SOA nerv09.localdomain. root.nerv09.localdomain. (
2
3H
1H
1W
1H )
0.168.192.in-addr.arpa.
IN NS
nerv09.localdomain.
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IN PTR
IN PTR
IN PTR
IN PTR
IN PTR
IN PTR
IN PTR
nerv01.localdomain.
nerv02.localdomain.
nerv01-vip.localdomain.
nerv02-vip.localdomain.
rac01-scan.localdomain.
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Na mquina nerv09, inicie o DNS Server, e o habilite para o incio automtico.
# service named start
# chkconfig named on
Na mquina nerv09, pare o firewall, e o desabilite para o incio automtico.
# service iptables stop
# service ip6tables stop
# chkconfig iptables off
# chkconfig ip6tables off
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Lab 3 Configurao OEL 6

Hands On !
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Lab 3.1 Configurao OEL 6

Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, configure as placas de rede pplica e privada.
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Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, atualize o sistema operacional e execute a instalao dos
pr-requisitos.
# service network restart
# yum -y update
# yum -y install oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall
# yum -y install oracleasm-support
# yum -y install unzip wget iscsi-initiator-utils java-1.8.0-openjdk parted
# yum -y install unixODBC unixODBC.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel.i686
# wget http://download.oracle.com/otn_software/asmlib/oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, remova o DNS 8.8.8.8 da placa de rede eth0.
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, altere a seguinte linha no arquivo /etc/fstab.
tmpfs
/dev/shm
tmpfs defaults,size=4g
00
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Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, ACRESCENTAR ao arquivo /etc/hosts:
# Public
192.168.0.101
nerv01.localdomain
nerv01
192.168.0.102
nerv02.localdomain
nerv02
# Private
192.168.1.101
nerv01-priv.localdomain nerv01-priv
192.168.1.102
nerv02-priv.localdomain nerv02-priv
# Virtual
192.168.0.111
nerv01-vip.localdomain
nerv01-vip
192.168.0.112
nerv02-vip.localdomain
nerv02-vip
# Storage
192.168.0.201
nerv09.localdomain
nerv09
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Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, executar os comandos abaixo.
# groupadd oper
# groupadd asmadmin
# groupadd asmdba
# groupadd asmoper
# usermod -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper oracle
# mkdir -p /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
# chmod -R 775 /u01
# passwd oracle (Coloque como senha do usurio oracle: Nerv2015)
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Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, altere o SELinux de enforcing para
permissive.
# vi /etc/selinux/config
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, desabilite o firewall.
# chkconfig iptables off
# chkconfig ip6tables off
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, desabilite o NTP.
# mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.org
# reboot
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Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02 , com o usurio oracle, ACRESCENTAR NO FINAL do arquivo
/home/oracle/.bash_profile as linhas abaixo.
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=nerv01.localdomain
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORCL
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0.2/db_1
export GRID_HOME=/u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid
export CRS_HOME=$GRID_HOME
export ORACLE_SID=ORCL1
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
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Shared Storage
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Opes de Shared Storage
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Opes de Shared Storage
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Lab 4 Storage
Hands On !
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Lab 4.1 Storage

Na mquinas nerv09, crie 3 parties de 5GB, e 4 de 10GB.
Na mquina nerv09, configure o iSCSI server.
# yum -y install scsi-target-utils
# cat /etc/tgt/targets.conf
<target iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-01>
backing-store /dev/sda5
initiator-address 192.168.0.101
</target>
</target>
...
# service tgtd start
# chkconfig tgtd on
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Lab 4.2 Storage (ASM)

Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, ative o pacote iSCSI Initiator.
# chkconfig iscsid on
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, verifique os Discos exportados no Storage.
# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.0.201 -l
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, deixe APENAS os novos discos no arquivo
/etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi.
InitiatorName=iqn.2010-10.com.nervinformatica:storage.asm01-01
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Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02 verifique se os discos foram configurados localmente.
# fdisk -l
Na mquina nerv01, particione os novos discos.
# fdisk /dev/sdb
n <enter>
p <enter>
1 <enter>
<enter>
<enter>
w <enter>
# fdisk /dev/sdc
n <enter>
p <enter>
1 <enter>
<enter>
<enter>
w <enter>
...
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Na mquina nerv02, execute a deteco dos novos discos.
# partprobe /dev/sdb
# partprobe /dev/sdc
# partprobe /dev/sdd
# partprobe /dev/sde
# partprobe /dev/sdf
# partprobe /dev/sdg
# partprobe /dev/sdh
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Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, configure a ASMLib.
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
oracle <enter>
asmadmin <enter>
y <enter>
y <enter>
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm status
Na mquina nerv01, crie os discos do ASM.
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK01 /dev/sdb1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK02 /dev/sdc1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK03 /dev/sdd1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK04 /dev/sde1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK05 /dev/sdf1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK06 /dev/sdg1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK07 /dev/sdh1
Na mquina nerv02, execute a deteco dos discos criados.
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks
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Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, verifique se os discos esto corretos.
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk -v -p DISK01
# ls -lh /dev/oracleasm/disks/
brw-rw----. 1 oracle asmadmin 8, 17 Jan 2 13:01 DISK01
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Oracle Grid Infrastructure
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Componentes
- Oracle Cluster Registry
- Voting Disk (Quorum Disk)
- Grid Infrastructure Management Repository (MGMTDB)
- VIPs e SCAN
- Utilitrios: crsctl, srvctl
- Daemons: ohasd, crsd, evmd, ons, evmlogger, ologgerd, cssdmonitor, cssdagent,
ocssd, octssd, osysmond, mdnsd, gpnpd, gipcd, orarootagent, oraagent, scriptagent
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Lab 5 - Grid Infraestructure

Hands On !
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Lab 5.1 Grid Infrastructure

Na mquina nerv01, com o usurio oracle, descompacte e execute o instalador
do Grid Infrastructure.
$ cd /home/oracle
$ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_grid_1of2.zip
$ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_grid_2of2.zip
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, instale o Cluster Verification Utility.
# rpm -ivh /home/oracle/grid/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm
Na mquina nerv01, inicie a instalao do Grid Infrastructure.
$ cd grid
$ ./runInstaller
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Lab 6 Oracle Database Software

Hands On !
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Lab 6.1 Oracle Database Software

Na mquina nerv01, com o usurio oracle, descompacte e execute o instalador
do Oracle Database Software.
$ cd /home/oracle
$ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
$ unzip -q linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
$ cd database
$ ./runInstaller
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Oracle Database
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RAC Database
Background Process
ACMS: Atomic Controlfile to Memory Service
GTX0-j: Global Transaction Process
LMON: Global Enqueue Service Monitor
LMD: Global Enqueue Service Daemon
LMS: Global Cache Service Process
LCK0: Instance Enqueue Process
RMSn: Oracle RAC Management Processes
RSMN: Remote Slave Monitor
PFILE / SPFILE (1x)
Control Files (1x)
Online Redo Log Threads (x Nodes)
UNDO Tablespaces / Datafiles (x Nodes)
Datafiles (1x)
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Lab 7.1 Oracle Database

Para efetuar logon na Instance ASM1, use o SQLPlus.
$ export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME
$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
$ sqlplus / AS SYSASM
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP DATA NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'ORCL:DISK04',
'ORCL:DISK05';
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP FRA NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'ORCL:DISK06',
'ORCL:DISK07';
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '12.1.0.0.0';
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '12.1.0.0.0';
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP DATA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '12.1.0.0.0';
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP FRA SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '12.1.0.0.0';
$ srvctl start diskgroup -g DATA -n nerv02
$ srvctl enable diskgroup -g DATA -n nerv02
$ srvctl start diskgroup -g FRA -n nerv02
$ srvctl enable diskgroup -g FRA -n nerv02
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Para efetuar logon na Instance ASM1, use o SQLPlus.
$ sqlplus / as SYSDBA
Por que no funcionou?

Verifique os discos existentes, e espao disponvel.
SQL> SELECT NAME, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, HOT_USED_MB, COLD_USED_MB FROM
V$ASM_DISK;
SQL> SELECT NAME, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, HOT_USED_MB, COLD_USED_MB FROM
V$ASM_DISKGROUP;
Crie uma TABLESPACE no ASM.

SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE nerv DATAFILE '+DATA';
Deve ser feito na Instance ASM ou na Instance Database?

Verifique o novo DATAFILE criado, e os j existentes.
SQL> SELECT FILE_NAME, BYTES, MAXBYTES, AUTOEXTENSIBLE, INCREMENT_BY FROM
DBA_DATA_FILES
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Execute o asmcmd, e navegue pelos diretrios do Disk Group.
$ asmcmd -p
ASMCMD [+] > help
ASMCMD [+] > lsdg
Pelo asmcmd, copie um DATAFILE do ASM para o /home/oracle de uma
mquina do RAC.
Execute um Backup do Banco de Dados.
$ rman target /
RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE INPUT;
Por que no funcionou?
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Administrao
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Comandos depreciados no 11gR2
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Comandos depreciados no 12cR1
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Dificuldades
$GRID_HOME x $ORACLE_HOME
oracle X root
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Binrios do GRID_HOME
Adicionar $GRID_HOME/bin no $PATH, no .bash_profile
$ crsctl status res -t
OU
$ . oraenv
ORACLE_SID = [ORCL1] ? +ASM1 <enter>
OU
$ cd /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/
./crsctl status res -t
OU
$ /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl status res -t
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Daemons
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Daemons
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Daemons
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Daemons
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Cluster Startup
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Logs
11gR2
$GRID_HOME/log/<node>/
$GRID_HOME/log/<node>/alert<node>.log
12cR1
$ORACLE_BASE/diag/crs/<node>/crs
$ORACLE_BASE/diag/crs/<node>/crs/trace/alert.log
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LAB 8 Daemons
Hands On !
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Lab 8.1 Daemons

Acompanhe a execuo dos daemons via top.
Desligue a mquina nerv01.
Veja o que acontece no Alert Log do nerv02 enquanto o nerv01 desligado.
$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv02/crs/trace/alert.log
Ligue a mquina nerv01.
Veja o que acontece no Alert Log do nerv02 enquanto o nerv01 ligado.
$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv02/crs/trace/alert.log
Familiarize-se com o diretrio de Logs.
Verifique o estado dos recursos.
$ /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl status res -t
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Lab 8.2 Daemons

Continue acompanhando os Alert Logs das duas mquinas.
Desconecte o cabo da rede do Interconnect, apenas de um n.
O que aconteceu?
Desconecte o cabo da rede do Storage, apenas de um n.
O que aconteceu?
Verifique e altere parmetros de timeout para o mnimo possvel.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl get css reboottime
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl get css misscount
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl get css disktimeout
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl set css reboottime 1
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl set css misscount 2
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl set css disktimeout 3
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Teste de Carga
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Teste de Carga
Tipos
TPC-C: OLTP (Rede Varejista)
TPC-E: OLTP (Telefonia)
TPC-H: Data Warehouse

Ferramentas
Hammerora
Swingbench
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Teste de Carga
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LAB 9 Teste de Carga

Hands On !
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Lab 9.1 Teste de Carga

Copie o swingbench para a mquina nerv01, como usurio oracle.
Crie uma TABLESPACE com o nome SOE.
Descompacte o swingbench.zip.
$ cd /home/oracle
$ unzip -q swingbench25956.zip
$ cd swingbench/bin
Execute a criao do SCHEMA do teste de carga:
$ ./oewizard
Execute o teste de carga:
$ ./charbench -cs //rac01-scan/ORCL -uc 10
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srvctl
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srvctl
A partir de qualquer Node, controla todos.
Deve ser utilizado com o usurio oracle ou com o owner do GRID_HOME.
Deve ser utilizado o srvctl do GRID_HOME.
Comando preferencial para iniciar e parar recursos do RAC.
Administra Database, Instances, ASM, Listeners e Services.
Um recurso pode ser iniciado, parado, habilitado, ou desabilitado.
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LAB 10 srvctl
Hands On !
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Lab 10.1 srvctl

Execute srvctl -h e entenda as opes.
Pare o Listener de apenas um Node.
Pare a Instance de apenas um Node.
Inicie novamente o Listener que est parado.
Inicie novamente a Instance que est parada.
Pare o Database, e o inicie novamente.
Pare uma Intance com a opo ABORT.
Inicie uma Instance com a opo MOUNT.
Mate uma Instance (kill no pmon) de um dos ns, e veja o que acontece.
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Lab 10.2 srvctl

Coloque o banco em modo ARCHIVELOG e execute um backup.
$ srvctl stop database -d ORCL
$ srvctl start instance -d ORCL -i ORCL1 -o mount
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET db_recovery_file_dest='+FRA';
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
$ srvctl start instance -d ORCL -i ORCL2
RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;
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142
crsctl
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143
crsctl
Deve ser utilizado com o usurio root.
Deve ser utilizado do GRID_HOME.
Principal comando de administrao do Grid.
Um recurso pode ser iniciado, parado, habilitado, ou desabilitado.
Necessrio para verificao e alterao de parmetros.
Necessrio para Troubleshooting e Debug.
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LAB 11 crsctl
Hands On !
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145
Lab 11.1 crsctl

Verifique as opes do crsctl, digitando crsctl, sem opes.
Verifique o status dos Daemons:
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl check css
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl check evm
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl check crs
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl check ctss
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl check cluster
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl check cluster -all
Verifique a verso instalada e ativa.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl query crs activeversion
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl query crs softwareversion
Liste todos os parmetros de um recurso.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl status res ora.orcl.db -f
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Lab 11.2 crsctl

Liste os mdulos do Cluster.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl lsmodules crs
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl lsmodules css
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl lsmodules evm
Coloque um dos mdulos informados pelo comando anterior (lsmodules),
e coloque ele em modo Debug.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl set log crs CRSCOMM:2
Pare todo o Node.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster
Pare o outro Node.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster -n nerv02
Inicie todo o Cluster.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl start cluster -all
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Voting Disks
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Voting Disk
o centro do ping dos Nodes.
Pode ter N mirrors.
Pode ser alterado de qualquer Node.
Backups do Voting Disk so manuais.
Todas operaes do Voting Disk devem ser executadas como root.
Deve ser feito backup aps Adio ou Remoo de Nodes (<11gR2).
Com base nas informaes nele, o Clusterware decide que Node faz parte do
Cluster (Election / Eviction / Split Brain).
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LAB 11 Voting Disk

Hands On !
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150
Lab 12.1 Voting Disk

Na mquinas nerv09, crie 3 parties de 1GB (para o VD), e 3 de 2GB (para o
OCR).
Na mquina nerv09, reconfigure o arquivo /etc/tgt/targets.conf iSCSI server com
as novas 6 parties.
</target>
...
# service tgtd reload
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151

Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, verifique os Discos exportados no Storage.
# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.0.201 -l
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, adicione os novos discos no arquivo
/etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi.
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152

Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02 verifique se os discos foram configurados
localmente.
# fdisk -l
Na mquina nerv01, particione os novos discos.
# fdisk /dev/sdi
n <enter>
p <enter>
1 <enter>
<enter>
<enter>
w <enter>
...
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153

Na mquina nerv02, execute a deteco dos novos discos.
# partprobe /dev/sdi
# partprobe /dev/sdj
# partprobe /dev/sdk
# partprobe /dev/sdl
# partprobe /dev/sdm
# partprobe /dev/sdn
Na mquina nerv01, crie os discos do ASM.
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK08 /dev/sdi1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK09 /dev/sdj1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK10 /dev/sdk1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK11 /dev/sdl1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK12 /dev/sdm1
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK13 /dev/sdn1
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154

# /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
# ls -lh /dev/oracleasm/disks/
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Na mquina nerv01, crie os novos DISK GROUPS.
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP VD NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'ORCL:DISK08' ,
'ORCL:DISK09' , 'ORCL:DISK10';
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP OCR NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'ORCL:DISK11' ,
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP OCR SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '12.1.0.0.0';
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP OCR SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '12.1.0.0.0';
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP VD SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '12.1.0.0.0';
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP VD SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '12.1.0.0.0';
$ srvctl start diskgroup -g OCR -n nerv02
$ srvctl enable diskgroup -g OCR -n nerv02
$ srvctl start diskgroup -g VD -n nerv02
$ srvctl enable diskgroup -g VD -n nerv02
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Verifique o status do VOTING DISK.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl query css votedisk
Adicione um MIRROR ao VOTING DISK.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl add css votedisk +FRA
O que aconteceu?
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl replace votedisk +FRA
O que aconteceu?
Altere a localizao do VOTING DISK.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl replace votedisk +VD
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Na mquina nerv09, simule uma falha nos discos dos VOTING DISKs.
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda33 bs=512 count=1000000
O que aconteceu?
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, verifique o estado do Cluster.
# tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv01/crs/trace/alert.log
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl status res -t
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, desabilite o incio automtico do CRS, e reinicie.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl disable crs
# reboot
Na mquina nerv01, inicie o CRS em modo exclusivo, e altere o VOTING DISK.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl start crs -excl
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl replace votedisk +CONFIG
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, habilite o incio automtico do CRS, e reinicie.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl enable crs
# reboot
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Na mquina nerv01, particione novamente os discos dos VOTING DISKs.
# fdisk /dev/sd?
n <enter>
p <enter>
1 <enter>
<enter>
<enter>
w <enter>
...
Na mquina nerv02, execute novamente a deteco dos novos discos.
# partprobe /dev/sd?
Na mquina nerv01, crie novamente os discos dos VOTING DISKs.
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DISK08 /dev/sd?1
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Na mquina nerv01, recrie o DISK GROUP dos VOTING DISKs.
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP VD NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'ORCL:DISK08' ,
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP VD SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '12.1.0.0.0';
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP VD SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '12.1.0.0.0';
$ srvctl start diskgroup -g VD -n nerv02
Na mquina nerv01, altere a localizao do VOTING DISK.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl replace votedisk +VD
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OCR
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OCR Oracle Cluster Registry

o centro das informaes do RAC.
Deve estar em Storage compartilhado por todos Nodes.
Pode ter at 4 mirrors.
Ferramentas do OCR: ocrconfig, ocrcheck, ocrdump.
Ferramentas do OCR devem ser utilizadas como root.
Pode ser alterado de qualquer Node.
Backups do OCR so executados automaticamente.
Backups armazenados: 1 semanal, 1 dirio, e 1 a cada 4 horas.
Podem ser executados backups fsicos e lgicos.
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LAB 12 OCR
Hands On !
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Lab 13.1 OCR

Execute o ocrdump, e analise o contedo do dump (OCRDUMPFILE).
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrdump
# file OCRDUMPFILE
# grep orcl OCRDUMPFILE
Execute o ocrcheck, e verifique o resultado.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrcheck
# ls -lh /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv01/crs/trace/ocrcheck*
Verifique o OCR pelo Cluster Verification Utility.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/cluvfy comp ocr -n nerv01,nerv02
Por que no funciona?
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Lab 13.2 OCR

Na mquina nerv01, altere o VOTING DISKs dos OCRs.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -add +CONFIG
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -add +DATA
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -add +FRA
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -delete +DATA
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -delete +FRA
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -delete +CONFIG
Por que no funciona?
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -add +OCR
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -delete +CONFIG
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Lab 13.3 OCR

Na mquina nerv01, verifique os backups fsicos existentes do OCR.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -showbackup
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -manualbackup
Na mquina nerv01, altere a localizao dos backups fsicos do OCR.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -backuploc +FRA
Na mquina nerv01, faa um backup lgico do OCR.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -export /home/oracle/OCR.bkp
# file /home/oracle/OCR.bkp
166166
Lab 13.4 OCR

Na mquina nerv09, simule uma falha nos discos do OCR.
O que aconteceu?
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, verifique o estado do Cluster.
# tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/crs/nerv01/crs/trace/alert.log
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl status res -t
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, desabilite o incio automtico do CRS, e reinicie.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl disable crs
# reboot
Na mquina nerv01, inicie o CRS em modo exclusivo.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl start crs -excl -nocrs
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Lab 13.5 OCR

Na mquina nerv01, particione novamente os discos do OCR.
# fdisk /dev/sd?
n <enter>
p <enter>
1 <enter>
<enter>
<enter>
w <enter>
...
Na mquina nerv02, execute novamente a deteco dos novos discos.
Na mquina nerv01, crie novamente os discos do OCR.
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Lab 13.6 OCR

Na mquina nerv01, recrie o DISK GROUP do OCR.
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP OCR NORMAL REDUNDANCY DISK 'ORCL:DISK11' ,
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP OCR SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '12.1.0.0.0';
SQL> ALTER DISKGROUP OCR SET ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '12.1.0.0.0';
Na mquina nerv01, restaure o OCR.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/ocrconfig -restore ...
Na mquina nerv01, reinicie o CRS.
# reboot
Na mquina nerv02, inicie o CRS.
# reboot
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oifcfg
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oifcfg
Deve ser utilizado com o usurio root.
Ferramenta para administrao dos IPs Pblico, Interconnect, e VIPs.
Necessrio para alterao de rede dos Nodes.
Hostnames no podem ser alterados (s os VIPs).
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LAB 13 oifcfg
Hands On !
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172
Lab 14.1 oifcfg

Execute um backup fsico do OCR.
Verifique as Interfaces atuais, nos dois Nodes. Guarde o resultado.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/oifcfg getif
Em apenas um Node, adicione a nova Interface ao Interconnect.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/oifcfg setif -global eth1/192.168.3.0:cluster_interconnect
Pare o Cluster nos dois Nodes.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster -all
Logar no ambiente grfico do nerv01 como root, e alterar o IP do Interconnect.
Logar no ambiente grfico do nerv02 como root, e alterar o IP do Interconnect.
No nerv01, alterar /etc/hosts para os novos IPs.
No nerv02, alterar /etc/hosts para os novos Ips.
Reinicie a rede nos dois Nodes.
# service network restart
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Lab 14.2 oifcfg

Inicie o Cluster nos dois Nodes.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl start cluster -all
Em apenas um Node, remova a antiga Interface, aps o CRS iniciar.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/oifcfg delif -global eth1/192.168.1.0
Execute um backup fsico do OCR.
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Rolling Patch
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Rolling Patch
Permite aplicao de Patches sem indisponibilidade.
Para-se uma Instance, aplica-se o Patch, inicia a Instance, e parte para a Instance
seguinte.
O Patch precisa suportar o Rolling Upgrade.
No pode ser utilizado com HOMEs compartilhados.
No pode ser utilizado para Patchsets.
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LAB 14 Rolling Patch

Hands On !
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177
Lab 15.1 Rolling Patch

Atualize o OPatch.
$ unzip -q p6880880_121010_Linux-x86-64.zip
$ mv $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch.BACKUP
$ mv /home/oracle/OPatch $ORACLE_HOME
Pare a Instance ORCL1 da mquina nerv01.
/u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl stop instance -d ORCL -n nerv01
Aplique o Patch a partir da mquina nerv01.
$ unzip -q p19303936_121020_Linux-x86-64.zip
$ cd /home/oracle/19303936/
$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply
Quando a aplicao do Pacth solicitar, em outro terminal, inicie a instncia
da mquina nerv01 e pare a instncia da mquina nerv02. Em seguida,
prossiga com a aplicao do Patch.
/u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl start instance -d ORCL -n nerv01
/u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl stop instance -d ORCL -n nerv02
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Lab 15.2 Rolling Patch

Aps a aplicao, inicie a instncia da mquina nerv02.
/u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl start instance -d ORCL -n nerv02
Nas mquinas nerv01 e nerv02, execute a etapa de alteraes de SQL do
Patch, conforme README.
cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
./datapatch -verbose
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Single Instance x RAC

Full Table Scans (Optimizer Statistics, System Statistics)
Bind Variables / Cursor Sharing
Sequences / Sequences Artificiais
Dictionary
Reverse Key Indexes
Job x Scheduler
V$SESSION
UTL_FILE
Directories / External Tables / Data Pump
Partitioning
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180
LAB 16 Sequences
Hands On !
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181
Lab 16.1 Sequences

Crie uma entrada no tnsnames.ora para o RAC vizinho ao seu.
Conecte no RAC vizinho como SCOTT/TIGER.
Analise e execute o script create_sequence.sql.
Analise e execute o script insert_sequence_lenta.sql
Analise e execute o script insert_sequence_rapida.sql
Repita os scripts de insert algumas vezes e veja se o resultado continua similar.
possvel melhorar este tempo?
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182
Load Balance (Client)
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Load Balance (Client)

Client tnsnames.ora
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION=
(LOAD_BALANCE=ON)
Escolha Aleatria
(FAILOVER=ON)
Tenta acessar o 1o, depois o 2o
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=nerv01-vip)(PORT=1521))
VIP
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=nerv02-vip)(PORT=1521))
VIP
(CONNECT_DATA=
(SERVICE_NAME=ORCL)
(FAILOVER_MODE=
(TYPE=SELECT)
SESSION ou SELECT
(METHOD=BASIC)
BASIC ou PRECONNECT
(RETRIES=10)
10 tentativas de conexo
(DELAY=1)
1 segundo para cada tentativa
)
)
)
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184
Load Balance (Server)
185
185
186
186

Client tnsnames.ora:
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac01-scan)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)
))
Parmetro LOCAL_LISTENER dos Nodes:
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)
(HOST=nerv01-vip)
(PORT=1521))))
Parmetro REMOTE_LISTENER dos Nodes:
rac01-scan:1521
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187

Services Goal
GOAL_NONE
GOAL_SERVICE_TIME
GOAL_THROUGHPUT
Bom para OLTP

Bom para Batch / OLAP / DBA
Services Connection Load Balance Goal

CLB_GOAL_SHORT Bom para OLTP
CLB_GOAL_LONG Bom para Batch / OLAP / DBA ou OLTP Persistente
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188
Load Balance (Server) - Scheduler

Crie uma Job Class no Scheduler para o Service DBA:
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.create_job_class (
job_class_name => 'DBA_JOB_CLASS',
service
=> 'DBA_SERVICE');
END;
/
Crie um Job no Scheduler para utilizar o Service DBA:
BEGIN
DBMS_SCHEDULER.create_job (
job_name
=> 'SYS.DBA_JOB_TEST',
job_type
=> 'PLSQL_BLOCK',
job_action => 'BEGIN EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DATABASE_STATS; END;',
start_date
=> SYSTIMESTAMP,
repeat_interval => 'FREQ=DAILY;',
job_class
=> 'SYS.DBA_JOB_CLASS',
end_date
=> NULL,
enabled
=> TRUE,
comments
=> 'Job linked to the DBA_JOB_CLASS.');
END;
/
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srvctl add service
srvctl remove service
srvctl modify service
srvctl relocate service
srvctl status service
srvctl start service
srvctl stop service
srvctl enable service
srvctl disable service
190190
LAB 16 Load Balance (Server)

Hands On !
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191
Lab 17.1 Load Balance (Server)

Veja os Services configurados.
$ srvctl config database -d ORCL
Crie Services para OLTP, BATCH, e DBA.
Utilize opes especficas para cada tipo de Service (GOAL, CLB, etc.).
Exemplo:
$ srvctl add service -db ORCL -service OLTP -preferred ORCL2 -available ORCL1
-tafpolicy PRECONNECT -policy AUTOMATIC -failovertype SELECT -failovermethod
BASIC -failoverdelay 1 -failoverretry 10 -clbgoal SHORT -rlbgoal SERVICE_TIME
-notification TRUE
Como ver detalhes de um Service j configurado?
Altere o tnsnames.ora para utilizar os novos Services e teste o Failover.
192192
Adicionar e Remover Nodes
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Adicionar e Remover Nodes

Sequncia para adicionar Node:
Instalar Hardware;
Instalar e configurar Sistema Operacional;
Configurar acesso ao Storage;
Configurar ssh sem senha com os Nodes j existentes;
Instalar Grid Infraestruture a partir de um Node existente;
Instalar Oracle a partir de um Node existente;
Adicionar Instances.
Sequncia para remover Node:
Remover Instance;
Remover Oracle;
Remover Clusterware.
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194
LAB 18 Adicionar Nodes

Hands On !
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195
Lab 18.1 Adicionar Nodes

Manter apenas 1 RAC ativo na sala.
No restante das mquinas, refazer os Labs 1, 3, e 4.
Para todas as mquinas, configurar SSH sem senha para o usurio oracle.
Instalar Grid Infraestruture nas outras mquinas, a partir de um Node existente:
$ cd $GRID_HOME/addnode
$ ./addnode.sh -silent CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={nerv03}
CLUSTER_NEW_VIRTUAL_HOSTNAMES={nerv03-vip}
Nas outras mquinas, com o usurio root, execute os seguintes scripts.
# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/root.sh
Instalar Oracle Database nas outras mquinas, a partir de um Node existente:
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/addnode
$ ./addnode.sh -silent "CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={nerv03}"
Nas outras mquinas, com o usurio root, execute o script abaixo.
# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/root.sh
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Lab 18.2 Adicionar Nodes

Na mquina nerv01, execute a adio da instncia.
$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl add instance -d ORCL -i ORCL3 -n nerv03
Na mquina nerv01, conclua a adio do n.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET INSTANCE_NUMBER=3 SID='ORCL3' SCOPE=SPFILE;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE THREAD 3;
SQL> CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS3;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET UNDO_TABLESPACE=UNDOTBS3 SID='ORCL3'
SCOPE=SPFILE;
$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl start instance -d ORCL -i ORCL3
Na mquina nerv01, verifique a nota do RAC.
$ cd /home/oracle
$ unzip orachk.zip
./raccheck
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Flex ASM
198
198
Flex ASM
199
199
LAB 19 Flex ASM

Hands On !
200
200
Lab 19.1 Flex ASM

Na mquina nerv01, verifique a configurao atual do Cluster.
$ $GRID_HOME/bin/asmcmd showclustermode
$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl status asm
$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl config asm
Na mquina nerv01, execute a alterao para Flex ASM.
$ $GRID_HOME/bin/asmca -silent -convertToFlexASM -asmNetworks eth1/192.168.3.0
-asmListenerPort 1522
# /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/asmca/scripts/converttoFlexASM.sh
$ $GRID_HOME/bin/srvctl modify asm -count 2
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Flex Cluster
202
202
Flex Cluster
203
203
LAB 20 Flex Cluster

Hands On !
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204
Lab 20.1 Flex Cluster

# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl get cluster mode status
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl config gns
Na mquina nerv01, altere a configurao do Cluster.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl add gns -vip 192.168.0.191
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/srvctl start gns
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl set cluster mode flex
Na mquina nerv01, altere a configurao do Cluster.
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl get node role config -all
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl set node role leaf -node nerv07
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl set node role leaf -node nerv08
# /u01/app/12.1.0.2/grid/bin/crsctl get node role config -all
205
Melhores Prticas
206
206
Melhores Prticas
- RAC de dois ns possui diversas limitaes.
- Utilize Hardware Certificado para sua implementao.
- Elimine os POF: NICs, Switch, Storage, etc.
- O Switch do Interconnect deve ser fsico e exclusivo.
- Utilize ASM. a direo da Oracle.
- Utilize GNS. a direo da Oracle.
- Utilize /etc/hosts, alm do DNS.
- No ASM, utilize DGs separados para DATA, FRA, OCR e VD.
- Centralize os backups do OCR.
- Utilize DATA e FRA com redundncia no Storage ou ASM.
- Utilize OCR e VD com redundncia no Storage e ASM.
- Use HOMEs locais, para GRID_HOME e ORACLE_HOME.
- Logs (todos) devem ser centralizados. De nada vale um log que no existe.
- Observe tambm os Logs do Sistema Operacional.
- Utilize Jumbo Frames no Interonnect.
- Utilize Huge Pages, e no utilize AMM.
- O RAC torna aplicaes boas em timas, e ruins em pssimas.
- Esquea SIDs. Aprenda Services.
- Particione sua aplicao em Services. Sem Services, o RAC no nada.
207
E agora?
208
208
Frum
209
Alunos
210
Blog
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YouTube
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Facebook / Twitter
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Obrigado!
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Orac 12c 150401123307 Conversion Gate01

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Orac 12c 150401123307 Conversion Gate01

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Oracle RAC 12cR1

Ricardo Portilho Proni

Oracle RAC: Conceitos

Por que usar o RAC?

Custo Total de Propriedade (TCO)

Por que no usar o RAC?

Oracle RAC x Single Instance

Evoluo Oracle RAC

RAC 11gR1 New Features

Enhanced Oracle Real Application Clusters Configuration Assistants

OCI Runtime Connection Load Balancing

Parallel Execution for Oracle Real Application Clusters

Support for Distributed Transactions in an Oracle RAC Environment

Enhanced Oracle RAC Switchover Support for Logical Standby Databases

Enhanced Oracle RAC Monitoring and Diagnostics in Enterprise Manager

RAC 11gR2 New Features

Enhanced Cluster Verification Utility

Integration of Cluster Verification Utility and Oracle Universal Installer

Cluster Time Service

Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) Enhancements

Grid Plug and Play (GPnP)

Policy-Based Cluster and Capacity Management

Improved Clusterware Resource Modeling

Agent Development Framework

Zero Downtime Patching for Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC

Enterprise Manager-Based Clusterware Resource Management

Enterprise Manager Support for Grid Plug and Play

Enterprise Manager Support for Oracle Restart

Configuration Assistant Support for Removing Oracle RAC Installations

RAC 11gR2 New Features

Improved Deinstallation Support With Oracle Universal Installer

Downgrading Database Configured With DBControl

Oracle Restart Integration with Oracle Universal Installer

Out-of-Place Oracle Clusterware Upgrade

OUI Support for Out-of-Place Oracle Clusterware Upgrade

Server Control (SRVCTL) Enhancements

Server Control (SRVCTL) Enhancements to Support Grid Plug and Play

SRVCTL Support for Single-Instance Database in a Cluster

Universal Connection Pool (UCP) Integration with Oracle Data Guard

UCP Integration With Oracle Real Application Clusters

Universal Connection Pool (UCP) for JDBC

Java API for Oracle RAC FAN High Availability Events

EMCA Supports New Oracle RAC Configuration for Enterprise Manager

Global Oracle RAC ASH Report + ADDM Backwards Compatibility

RAC 12cR1 New Features

SRVCTL Support for Oracle Flex Cluster Implementations

Policy-Based Cluster Management and Administration

What-If Command Evaluation

Shared Grid Naming Service (GNS)

Online Resource Attribute Modification

Grid Infrastructure Script Automation for Installation and Upgrade

Multipurpose Cluster Installation Support

Message Forwarding on Oracle RAC

Sharded Queues for Performance and Scalability

Oracle Grid Infrastructure Rolling Migration for One-Off Patches

RAC 12cR1 New Features

Oracle ASM Shared Password File in a Disk Group

Oracle ASM Rebalance Enhancements

Oracle ASM Disk Resync Enhancements

Oracle ASM chown, chgrp, chmod and Open Files Support

Oracle ASM Support ALTER DISKGROUP REPLACE USER

Oracle ASM File Access Control on Windows

Oracle ASM Disk Scrubbing