PROJECT SPECIFIC

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION

DESCRIPTION

PAGE

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PURPOSE

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2.0

SCOPE

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3.0

REFERENCES...........................................................

4.0

DEFINITIONS

..........................................................

5.0

PROCEDURES ..........................................................
5.1
General Description........................................
5.2
Equipment and Material..................................
5.3
Temperature....................................................
5.4
Surface Preparation.........................................
5.5
Procedure Method...........................................
5.6
Viewing Condition..........................................
5.7
Interpretation and Evaluation..........................
5.8
Acceptance Criteria........................................
5.9
Qualification of Personnel..............................
5.10 Repairs and Retest........................................
5.11 Report..............................................................

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6.0

SPECIAL REQUIREMENT..........................................

7.0

RECORD.....................................................................

APPENDIX
Attachment 1: Dye Penetrant Inspection Report Format...............

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1.0

PURPOSE
This procedure describe the technique of liquid penetrant testing for detecting
discontinuities open to the surface of nonporous metallic material.

2.0

SCOPE
This procedure covers method of liquid penetrant testing, personnel qualification,
interpretation and evaluation of indication.

3.0

REFERENCES
The following codes and standards shall form part of the requirements of this
procedure.
ASME Sect. V

Non-Destructive Examination Article 6 (2007).

ASTM E165
AWS D1.1

:
:

Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Inspection Method

Structural Welding Code (2008).

MPDS 29-03-09 : Offshore Structural Welding And Inspection.

4.0

DEFINITIONS
NDT
PCN
ASNT
ASME
ASTM
CSWIP
MPDS
PT

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Non-destructive Testing.
Personnel Certification in Non-Destructive Testing.
American Society for Non- Destructive Testing
American Society of Mechanical Engineer.
American Society for Testing and Materials.
Certification Scheme of Welding and Inspection Personnel.
Malaysian Project Design Specification
Penetrant Testing

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5.0

PROCEDURE
5.1

5.2

General Description
5.1.1

Liquid Penetrant Examination method is an effective way of detecting

discontinuity that is open to the surface of metals and other materials.
Typical examples of discontinuities detectable are cracks, seams, laps,
cold shuts, porosity and laminations.

5.1.2

In principle, a liquid penetrant is applied to the surface to be examined

and allowed to enter discontinuities. All excess penetrant is then
removed, the part dried and developer is applied. The developer
functions both as a blotter to absorb penetrant that is entrapped in
discontinuities, and as a contrasting background to enhance the
visibility of penetrant indications. Dyes used color and visible under
white light.

Equipment and Materials

5.2.1

5.2.2

5.3

The following solvent removable material may be used for the Liquid
Penetrant Examination described by this procedure :

Cleaner / Remover
Magnaflux SKC-S / Chemetall S72 Can (or equivalent)

Penetrant
Magnaflux SKL-SP / Chemetall Checkmor 222 Can (or equivalent)

Developer
Magnaflux SKD-S2 / Chemetall LD3 Can (or equivalent)

For test material such as nickel base alloys, austenitic stainless steel
and titanium, only Liquid Penetrant material (Cleaner, Penetrant &
Developer) certified to T-641 or SE-165 at ASME section V shall be
used.

Temperature
The temperature of the surface being tested shall be within the range of 50
deg. F (10 deg. C) to 125 deg. F (52 deg. C) through out the whole
examination period.

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5.4

Surface Preparation
All surfaces under examination and all adjacent area at least 25 mm from weld
bead shall be clean, dry and free from rust, paint and any irregularities that
might be marked or be confused with a discontinuities indication. The surface
maybe normally as welded, as casted, as forged or etc. Cleaning test surface
with blasting shall be prohibited for penetrant examination. Surface
temperature of the parts or material being tested shall not exceed 52 degree C
prior to application of penetrant.

5.5

Procedure Method
This procedure is specific for Color Contrast Penetrant or Dye Penetrant
Method only.
5.5.1

Pre cleaning
Pre cleaning may be carried-out by spraying a cleaner/remover directly
onto the test surface and then wipe it with a lint fee cloth or allow to air
dry. A minimum period of 3 minutes shall be allowed for cleaning
solution to completely evaporate prior to application of the penetrant.

5.5.2

Application of Penetrant
Dye Penetrant may be applied onto the surface being examined by
spraying or brushing whichever is more appropriate. The entire area
being examined shall be maintained wet with the penetrant for at least
5 to 20 minutes (dwell time) or for the minimum period specified by the
manufacturer. The penetrant shall not be allowed to dry during the
period. The temperature of the test surface shall be maintained during
the dwell time.

5.5.3

Removal of penetrant
When the prescribed dwell time has elapsed, the excess penetrant
shall be removed with a lint free cloth moistened with cleaner and wipe
the surface until all remaining trace of excess penetrant have been
removed. To minimize removal of penetrant from discontinuities, care
should be taken not to use excessive cleaner or over cleaning.

5.5.4

Application of Developer
The developer shall be applied as soon as possible after penetrant
removal, not exceed than 3 minutes. Developer shall be applied onto
the surface under examined by spraying. Apply the developer as thin
and even coating which just obscures the metallic surface. The

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developer shall be allowed to dry by normal evaporation. The minimum
developing time shall be 5 minutes for Steel material.
5.6

Viewing Condition
The area under inspection shall be illuminated by daylight or artificial light from
either a normal tungsten filament lamp or a fluorescent tube. The level of
illumination shall not less than 1000 lux or 100 foot candles as to enable a
proper evaluation to be made of the indications revealed.

5.7

Interpretation and Evaluation

After sufficient time has passed for developer action to bring the penetrant
from discontinuities as indications the specimen is ready for inspection. Final
Interpretation shall be made within 7 to 60 minutes after application of
Developer
However it may be advisable to examine the test surface continuously during
the development and also after a further period to see whether there are any
changes in the indications.
Inspection shall be carried out by visual observation. Mark the location of
indication and evaluate those that are relevant in accordance with 5.8
Acceptance Criteria. As an aid to viewing penetrant indications, magnifying
lenses may be used to confirm the actual length and morphology of defects.

5.8

Acceptance Criteria
Limitation of imperfection shall be evaluated as in the following code and
standard, which is applicable in contract specification/clients acceptance
criteria.
AWS D1.1:

5.9

Table 6.1 (Visual Inspection Acceptance Criteria.)

Qualification of Personnel
All NDT personnels performing the Dye Penetrant Testing shall be qualified
and certified as Level II in accordance to ASNT-TC-1A (2006 Ed). Personnel
performing DPT shall capable to read Jagaer 1 or equivalent Chart at a
distance of not less than 1feet. This requirement should be check on annual
basis.

5.10

Repairs and Retesting

All repairs shall be re-examined by the same procedure used for in the
original examination.

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5.11

Reports
5.11.1 All reports shall be prepared and completed by the interpreter/tester.
The report shall at least contain the inspection results and indicate the
location and size of defects in drawings. Reports should be countersigned by client authorized officials.
5.11.2 The format report for Dye-Penetrant Testing is enclosed in the
attachment. Reports shall be accompanied by with sketches of the part
being tested and location of indication, if any.

6.0

SPECIAL REQUIREMENT
NA

7.0

RECORDS
7.1

Any defects found shall be clearly written and reported in Dye

Penetrant Inspection Report..

7.2

The KHL Dye Penetrant Inspection Report shall contain, as a

minimum, the information as shown in (Appendix I): Example of Dye
Penetrant Inspection Report.

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Attachment 1 Dye Penetrant Inspection Report

PROCEDURE No.

KENCANA HL SDN BHD

Report No.:

DYE PENETRANT INSPECTION REPORT

Client
:
Project
:
Description :

Inspection Date
:
Location
:
Specification
:
Acceptance Criteria:

Material
:
Welding
Process
:
Weld Prep. :
Test Technique :

Thickness
:
Surface Condition :
Weld Type
:

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DYE PENETRANT INSPECTION

Penetrant Type
Remover Type
Developer Type
Manufacturer

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:
:

Penetrant Time

Removing Tech.

Developing Time :
No.

Joint Reference

Date :
__________________________
NDT Inspector

Interpretation

Date :
Reviewed By:
__________________________
NDT Coordinator

Results
ACC
REJ

Remark

Date :
Witnessed/Reviewed By:
_____________________________________
EMEPMI Authorized Representative