ROHIT C. TILWANI, R.Ch.

Philippine Science High School- Central Luzon Campus

Millions saw the apple fall,

but only Isaac Newton was
the first to ask why.

Science Investigatory Project

(SIP)
involves the use of scientific method
to solve a problem and/or explain a
certain phenomenon
(Cruz and Caintic, 2010)

Science Process Skills

Acquisitive
Listening
Observing
Searching
Inquiring
Investigating
Gathering
Researching

Organizational
Recording
Comparing
Contrasting
Classifying
Organizing
Outlining
Reviewing
Evaluating
Analyzing

Creative
Planning ahead
Designing
Inventing
Synthesizing

Manipulative
Using instruments
Demonstrating
Experimenting
Constructing
Calibrating

Communicative
Questioning
Discussing
Explaining
Reporting
Writing
Criticizing
Graphing
Teaching

Sample Activities

Egg Drop Challenge

Goal
ensure that the egg will not break after dropping
from a height of 3 m

Bulletin House

Goal
design and construct a house where the tallest
member of the group should fit inside it.

Pirates treasure

Goal
ensure that the Aluminum sheet can hold a pile
of pennies (10 coins)

Paper Bridge

Goal
design a bridge in which the index card can hold
a pile of pennies (10 coins)

Scientific Investigation

What is SIP?
purposeful
organized
planned
ACTIVITIES
ACQUISITION OF NEW
KNOWLEDGE

Aims of SIP
verify existing
Generate new knowledge
information
Develop the
investigator

Find application
for the new
knowledge

Approach
used

Application of
the outcome
of the
research

Types of Scientific
Research

Type of
information
sought

A. Application of the outcome of the research

1. Pure/Basic Research
--acquire new knowledge or verify
existing knowledge

--involved experimental/theoretical
work
--has no direct application
Extraction of anti-cancer proteins from
Chanos chanos scales

A. Application of the outcome of the research

1. Applied Research
--aims to solve practical problems
--involves testing of previous knowledge
(methods, theories) in actual situations

Ex. The use of bacteria for

bioremediation of organic pollutants
present in the river

B. Approach used
1. Descriptive/Observational
--examines objects or phenomena
through observations
--conducted under natural conditions
(although these conditions may be
simulated in the lab)
--no manipulation of variables
Ex. Distribution of lichens in Mt. Arayat

B. Approach used
2. Experimental
--study of cause and effects
--manipulation of one or more vaiables
under controlled conditions

Ex. The effects of varying salinity on the

survival of Oreochromis niloticus

B. Approach used
3. Technical
--results in the development of a
technique or procedure
--uses established theoretical concepts
as bases for coming up with the
methodology
--Ex. Development of a method for
determining the caloric content of Oryza
sativa

C. Type of information sought

1. Quantitative
--uses quantitative methods to describe,
analyze, or interpret phenomena
--employs statistical analysis to describe
results

Comparative Evaluation of the Antibacterial properties of Chili

Pepper Fruit Varieties on Human Dental Microflora
Joan C. de Guzman, Mark-Lawrence T. Tirao, Rosemary Gutierrez
Chili pepper growth and use span the globe. The unique pungent nature is due chiefly to its
component capsaicin. Herbalists postulate that capsaicin sterilizes tooth cavities white
soothing a toothache. To investigae on this observation, a comparative evaluation was done
on the antibacterial action of three Capsicum fruit varieties namely Capsicum frutescens,
Capsicum annuum de Arbo and Capsicum annuum var. longgum on toothache-causing
bacteria which include Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and an isolate from an
individual with dental caries. Steam distillation was employed to extract the essential oil
which contains the substance capsaicin. The paper disc diffusion method was used for the
microbiological assays of extracts in their pure and diluted forms. The Minimum Inhibitory
Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were also
determined. Results revealed that among the three capsicum varieties, C. frutescens is the
most effective inhibitor of bacterial growth for L. acidophilus and B. subtilis and C. annuum
var longgum is the most effective against a bacterial isolate, hypothesized to be Neisseria
sp. The MIC of the plant extracts was found to be at 25% in all of the three bacterial test
organisms, while MBS was determined to be 100%.

C. Type of information sought

2. Qualitative
--data in the form of words, rather than
numbers
--uses systematic procedures to explain
non-quantifiable relationships

TeleMed: The Mechanization and Control of a

Microscope for Remote Conferencing
Christian O. Sanchez, Ernest Baello III, Lorenzo Lorilla, Patrick Estorninos

TeleMed is a system that aims to control a microscope from a computer, for

use in pathology and other fields of medicine. To achieve this system, a
trinocular microscope was acquired and stepper motors were connected to
its knobs using motor belts. Software was created to run these motors
through a specially designed interface board. Based on the signals sent by the
software, the corresponding motors were made to operate the knobsof the
microscope, thereby enabling the user to move the stage (x and y
movement), adjust the focus and change the objective, all through mouse
and keyboard control. Another program was also created and installed in a
remote computer. This software enables off-site control of the microscope by
sending signals through a computer network. Both pieces of software were
designed to run under the Windows 95 environment. They exhibit userfriendly visual controls and online help documentation to guide the user
through the program.

Topic Selection

Variables
Independent

Dependent
Controlled

Hypothesis
Null

Alternative

Materials & Procedure

Glassware,
Equipment, Reagents

Schematic Diagram of
Methods

Problem
Satellites Illuminate Pollution's
Influence On Clouds

Research is the art of seeing what

everyone else has seen, and doing
what no one else has done

Thank you for your attention