Yishun Town Secondary School

End of Year Examination 2009

Lower Secondary Science
Sec 2 Express
Answer Scheme
Section A (20 marks)
1) C
2) C
3) C
4) C
5) C
6) B
7) B
8) C
9) A
10)D

11) B
12)C
13)D
14)A
15)A
16)D
17)A
18)A
19)A
20)D

Section B (40 marks)

1) a)
Atom
/ Ion

Nucleon
No

No of
No of
No of
protons neutrons electrons

39

19

20

19

2.8.8.1

S2-

32

16

16

18

2.8.8

Al 3+

27

13

14

10

2.8

P3-

31

15

16

18

2.8.8

b) i)

E.C.

[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]

[1]
Fluorine atom

-_

ii)

[1]
Fluoride ion

2)

a) i)

Element T

[1]

Element R, S

[1]

b) i)

Student should draw the arrangement of particles within a

solid.

[1]

ii)

Student should draw the arrangement of particles within a

liquid.

[1]

ii)

3)

a) 4Na + O2 2Na2O
b) 3Li +

AlCl3

3LiCl +

Al

[1]

c) 6K +

B2O3

3K2O +

2B

[1]

d) 2H3PO4 +
e) Ca3(PO4)2 +
4)

[1]

3Mg(OH)2
3SiO2 +

Mg3(PO4)2 +
5C

[1]

6H2O

3CaSiO3 +

5CO +

2P

[1]

a) Chromatography

[1]

b) 6/15 = 0.4

[1]

c) The dye has to be soluble in the solvent with its constituents having [1]
different rates of solubility.
[1]
5)

6)

a) i)

Time interval B

[1/2]

ii)

Time interval E

[1/2]

b) The melting point of P will be lowered and its boiling point will be
raised. The temperature at which melting and boiling occurs will
take place over a range of temperature, instead of fixed points.

[2]
, , 1
(1, 1) TBC

c) Before Q sublimes, it exists as a solid form. The particles are

packed close together in an orderly arrangement, where they
can only vibrate about their fixed positions. As Q undergoes
heating, thermal energy is gained to overcome the strong forces of
attraction. Eventually, the particles become far apart in random
arrangement, moving and vibrating about freely at high
speeds. Q now exists as a gaseous form.

[2]
m for
each point

a)

[3]
1m each for
each
correct
column

Metal
Gold
Silver
Copper

Density
(g cm-3)
19.3
10.5
8.90

Percentage
by mass (%)
75
15
10

Mass
(g)
30
6
4

b) Total volume = 1.55 + 0.571 + 0.450 = 2.57 cm3

Density = Total Mass / Total Volume = 15.7 g/cm3

Volume
(cm3)
1.55
0.571
0.450

[1] for total

volume
[1] for final
ans

7)

a) i)
ii)

It increases the surface area of contact where more

heat can be dissipated in the form of conduction.

[1]
,

Black colour is a good emitter of heat. This increases the

rate of heat dissipation to the surround in the form of
radiation.

[1]
,

a) 40 + 120 = 160 s
b) Acceleration = Change of velocity / time taken
= (18 10) / 4
= 2 m/s2

[2]

c) Acceleration = (0 18) / 110 = - 0.164 m/s2

[2]
Deduct one
mark for
sign

Retardation = 0.164 m/s2

d) The train travels at a constant velocity of 10 m/s from B to C. It
then travels with a constant acceleration of 2 m/s2 from C to D. The
train travels at maximum constant velocity of 18 m s-1 from D to E. It
begins to slow down with a uniform deceleration of 0.164 m/s2 from
E to F. It eventually comes to a rest at F.

[2]
m for
each pt

e) Total distance = Area under the graph

= ( x 40 x 10) + (40 x 10) + [ (10 + 20) x 40] + (120 x 18) + ( x
60 x 18)
= 200 + 400 + 600 + 2160 + 540
= 3900 m

[2]
1m working
1m ans

Section C
1) a) Velocity(motorcycle) = 0 m/s
Velocity( car) = 25 m/s

[1]

b)

[4]
Velocity / m s

-1

motorcycle
car

25
Time / s
0

Axis 1 m
Scale 1m
Points 1m
Best Fit
1m

c) Consider the distance traveled by the vehicles in t s when the

motorcycle catches up with the car.
Distance (motorcycle) = Area under the graph
= x 5t x t
= 2.5 t2
Distance(car) = Area under the graph + 75
= x [25 + (25 + t)]t + 75
= 25t + 0.5t2 + 75
For the motorcycle to catch up with car,
Distance(motorcycle) = Distance(car)
2.5 t2 = 25 t + 0.5 t2 + 75
2
2 t -25 t 75 = 0
t = 15s, (Reject t = - 2.5 s)

2)

[3]
1 m for
correct
distance
covered by
motorcycle
1 m for
correct
distance
covered by
car
1 m for
correct final
answer.

d) Distance = x 5 x 152
= 563 m

[2]

a) The density of P is in between 600 kg m-3 and 900 kg m-3. Since P

sinks in X, its density must be more than 600 kg m-3. Since P
floats in Y, its density must be less than 900 kg m-3.

[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]

b) i)

Mass = Density x Volume

= 7.62 x 100
= 762 g

ii)

Weight = mg
= 0.762 x 10
= 7.62 N

[1]

iii)

The mass of the alloy will remain constant where the

weight of the alloy will decrease.

[1]

iv)

Let the volume of tin be V cm3.

Therefore volume of copper is 100 V cm3

[2]
m each
for correct
derivation
of mass of
tin & copper

Mass of tin = 7.3 V g

Mass of copper = 8.9(100 V) g
Mass of tin + Mass of copper = Mass of alloy
7.3 V + 8.9(100 V) = 762
1.6 V = 128
V = 80 cm3
v)

The constituents of water are present in fixed proportions

whereas the constituents of an alloy are present in variable
proportions.
Water is formed by chemical reactions whereas an alloy is
formed by physically mixing.

1m for
correct final
answer
[2]
1m each

3)

a)

Diagrams to be drawn

[6]

Filtration
Crystallisation

Procedure
1. Add water into the mixture with stirring.
2. Filter the mixture.
3. The dissolved copper(II) nitrate solution passes
through the filter and is collected as the filtrate. The
undissolved substances remain in the filter funnel as
residue.
4. Pour the filtrate (copper (II) nitrate solution) into an
evaporating dish.
5. The solution is heated until 1/3 of the solution is left
to obtain a saturated solution
6. Allow the hot saturated solution to cool.
7. Crystallisation occurs and blue crystals of copper(II)
nitrate are formed
8. Filter and dry the crystals with a piece of filter paper.
b)

m for
each point
[4]

[2]
Element
Cu
N
O

1m each for
correctly
labeled
diagram [2]

No of atoms
1
2
6

1m element
1m atoms

c) i)
ii)

Fractional distillation
Using paper chromatography.
A pure substance has only 1 colour/spot on the
chromatogram (chromatography paper).
or
Finding the melting or boiling point of the substance.
A pure substance has fixed melting / boiling point.

[1]
[1]
,

a)

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of

higher concentration to a region of lower
concentration.

[1]

b)

Increase the temperature of the setup.

[2]
1, ,

Increased temperature will increase the kinetic energy and

movement of gas particles which will in turn increase the
speed of diffusion.

c)

Methane gas, it has the lowest relative molecular mass

among all the other gases in the table.

[1/2, 1/2]

d)

Hydrogen gas

[1]

e)

10.

[1]

Relative atomic mass =

(0.580 x 28 + 0.220 x 29 + 0.200 x 30)
= 28.6

[2]
- for no 3
s.f.

f)

i)

ii)

Similar chemical properties (list 1)

Reactivity with other substances
Different physical properties (list 1)
Boiling point
Melting point
Solubility
Density

[2]
1m each