18:03-53

Issue 1

Heating, Ventilation and AC

Function description

1 712 110

Scania CV AB 1999-08, Sweden

en

Contents

Contents
Function description

General............................................................ 3
Controls........................................................... 5
Heating system................................................ 7
AC system..................................................... 18
Ventilation system ........................................ 29
Stationary supply system .............................. 31

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1800c32b.mkr

General

Function description
General
The climate control system in the Omnicity is
divided into two to four sub-systems which can
be adapted to each customers individual needs
and wishes, depending on the option selected.
The sub-systems are controlled by a software
module in the bus BNS system (multiplex
system), from now on called the climate
control module.
When a passenger area temperature has been
set, the climate system tries to achieve this
temperature by controlling the different subsystems, i. e. heating, ventilation and AC,
(air conditioning).

1870f15b.mkr

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

General

Component location

1 Roof unit, in the case of AC, the units are

replaced by an AC unit
2 Heating element, passenger area
3 Door fan
4 Driver area fan with heating element
5 Auxiliary heater
6 Connection unit, supply station
7 Circulation pump
8 Heat exchanger (optional)
9 Water filter
10 Heating element, driver area
11 Defroster unit
12 Feed pump

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f15b.mkr

Controls

Controls
All the climate controls are located on a panel
on the right side of the driver area.

1 Fan speed, defroster

2 Temperature setting, defroster
3 Timer for auxiliary heater, refer to separate
description.
4 Temperature setting, driver area
5 Temperature setting, passenger area
6 Heating fan, driver area
7 Air dehydration
8 Recirculation of ventilation air
9 Pause period heating
10 Floor heating at the entrance to the bus

1870f15b.mkr

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f15b.mkr

Heating system

Heating system
Design

Schematic diagram of the Heating system

1 Engine
2 Feed pump
3 Coarse filter for impurities
4 Central distribution unit
5 Auxiliary heater
6 Driver area heating
7 Passenger area heating
8 Defroster unit
9 Roof unit
The engine coolant, (1), is used as the primary
heat source. The engine coolant is fed by a
feed pump, (2), through a course filter, (3), to
the heating system central distribution unit,
(4), which is located at the front of the bus. In
the central distribution unit, the heat is
distributed by way of an auxiliary heater, (5),
to the different sub-systems; driver area
heating, (6), passenger area heating, heating
element circuit, (7), defroster unit, (8), and
passenger area heating, roof unit (9).
2-axle buses are equipped with 5 temperature
sensors recording outdoor temperature, air
duct temperature and passenger area
temperature. 3-axle buses are equipped with 7
temperature sensors. The temperature sensors
are common to the entire climate system and
are used by the climate control module to
control the heating and ventilation system.
1870f15b.mkr

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

Heating system

Feed pump
The feed pump is used to ensure sufficient flow
and therefore an even distribution of heat to all
circuits in the system.
There are two pump designs:

The U4814 is used in two-axle buses

The U4851 is used in articulated buses

(earlier bus models were equipped with the
U4816)

The U4814 (and the 4816) has an electric motor

with brushes whereas the U4851 has an electric
motor without brushes.

Feed pump

When the engine is running, the feed pump

starts if:

the climate control module requests such a

large quantity of heat that the flow from the
engine cooling system is not sufficient

the auxiliary heater is running.

The feed pump is shut off after some delay when

the above criteria are not met.
Note: If the feed pump, U4851, is started
without water, it will surge and automatically be
shut down. It cannot be restarted until after 10
minutes.

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f15b.mkr

Heating system

Water filter
The principal task of the water filter is to prevent
coarse particles from entering the various
components of the heating system. The water
filter is available in two versions.

103 920

On old bus models the water filter, (3), is located

in the central distribution unit between two ball
valves, (1) and (2).

1 Ball valve
2 Ball valve
3 Water filter

On later models, the water filter and the shutoff

valve have been integrated into one unit, located
to the rear, in the engine compartment.

1870f15b.mkr

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

Heating system

Central distribution unit

The design of the central distribution unit
varies depending on the selection made, but
the choice of components and positioning are
basically the same regardless of the
configuration. A bypass line is connected
between the central distribution unit, outlet
(7) and inlet (2), when no auxiliary heater is
installed.

Central distribution unit type B can be found

on buses with roof unit and heating element

Central distribution unit type E can be found

on buses with a roof unit

Central distribution units type C (model

EK100E) and type F (model EK100) are used
on buses with roof unit, heating element and
supply station connection.

Central distribution units type G are used on

buses with roof unit, heating element and
supply station connection type Hansen.

1
2
3
4

To driver area circuit

From auxiliary heater
To passenger area circuit heating element
From passenger area circuit heating
element
5 To defroster and roof circuit
6 From engine
7 To auxiliary heater

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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Heating system

Line to auxiliary heater and roof

Water is led from the engine, (6), into the
central distribution unit by way of a water
filter, (12), and a shutoff valve. The water is
then led to the auxiliary heater, (13), and back
to the central distribution unit by way of inlet
(10). Water is distributed to the roof units bay
way of connection (5).
Control of driver area circuit
A pneumatic ON/OFF valve (11) controls the
heat transfer to the driver area heating element
and the driver area fan (7).
Control of passenger area circuit
A pneumatic ON/OFF valve (2) controls the
heat transfer to the passenger area heating
element. The circulation pump, (3), maintains
a flow to the passenger area circuit, (8), and
back to the central distribution unit by way of
inlet (9).
Adaptation to supply station, EK100E
There are three different alternatives for
adapting the bus to supply station. In this
alternative the central distribution unit is
equipped with junction box EK100E 1 and
heat exchanger P30 4.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Junction box EK100E

ON/OFF valve
Circulation pump
Heat exchanger P30
To roof units
From engine
To driver area fan
To passenger area circuit
From passenger area circuit
From auxiliary heater
ON/OFF valve
Water filter
To auxiliary heater

Adaptation to supply station, EK100

The same as above but junction box (1) has
been replaced by a version without integrated
electrical connection.
Adaptation to supply station, heat
exchanger on supply station
In this case the heat exchanger is located in
the heat supply station. The central
distribution unit only houses separate
connections for compressed air and water
along with a check valve.

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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Heating system

Auxiliary heater
The auxiliary heater may be of the diesel
fuelled type, refer to illustration, the ethanol
fuelled type or the combination type (electrical
& diesel fuelled or electrical & ethanol
fuelled). The auxiliary heater is intended to
provide additional heat for the heating system
when the bus is parked. The function varies
depending on the model.
Start/switch off is controlled in the following
ways:

The heater is started and shut off by means

of the timer manual start/stop button or by
means of programmed start/stop times,
refer to supplier's instructions.

In operation, the water temperature in the

heater is adjusted to a specific level by an
integral control unit with an temperature
sensor.

When the auxiliary heater is running, the

climate control module is influenced as
follows:

When the engine is running, the feed pump

cannot be shut down.

When parked, the climate control module

starts the feed pump and opens the valves
to the passenger area heating, the heating
element and the driver area heating.

Webasto

Stroco

When the auxiliary heater is running, it tries to

maintain a specific water temperature. The
temperature is controlled by an integral
thermostat which starts or stops the burner.
The auxiliary heater is shut off manually by the
driver or by the timer, after having operated for
up to two hours, depending on the time set.

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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Heating system

Driver heating
The driver area heating is designed as a circuit,
see illustration. The heat transfer to the circuit
is regulated by a pneumatic ON/OFF valve, (1),
located on the central distribution unit. The
valve is controlled by the climate control
module. The circuit includes a specially
adapted heating fan, (2), fitted at the front of
the bus and an optional heating element, (3).
The fan must also heat the driver and improve
the defroster function. The temperature in the
driver area is registered by a temperature
sensor, (4).
The control of heat for the driver area fan and
heating element (if fitted) starts when the
potentiometer for driver area temperature
setting has been turned from its OFF position.
The fan starts when the climate control module
requires an additional quantity of heat in order
to maintain the set driver area temperature. The
driver can switch the fan off manually.

1
2
3
4

ON/OFF valve
Heating fan
Heating element
Temperature sensor

When the engine is running, the valve and fan

are controlled by the climate control module.
The driver can do the following manually:

Switch off the fan.

Change the temperature setting.

Regulate the air quantity and direction

using the air vent in the driver area.

If the temperature sensor is affected by an open

circuit or short circuit, the climate control
module records this and responds by regulating
the valve at fixed intervals according to the
position of the potentiometer.

1870f15b.mkr

Driver area fan with integral heating element

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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Heating system

Passenger area heating, heating

element
The primary source of heating for the bus
passenger area is the heating element, see
illustration. The central distribution unit houses
a pneumatic ON/OFF valve, (1), and a
circulation pump, (2). The heat-emitting
components in the circuit are the heating
element, (3), and the heating fans, (4). The
temperature is recorded by a temperature
sensor, (5).
On articulated buses, there are two separate
temperature sensors, one for the front section
of the bus and one for the rear. The heating fans
in the front and rear sections are also separately
controlled.
The climate control module starts controlling
the heat for the heating element circuit when
the potentiometer for passenger area
temperature setting has been turned from its
OFF position and the recorded temperature is
lower than the set temperature. On start-up, the
circulation pump on the central distribution
unit also starts. The heating fans also start
when the climate control module receives
information that the water temperature is
higher than approximately 43C.

1
2
3
4
5

ON/OFF valve
Circulation pump
Heating element
Heating fan
Temperature sensor

When receiving a faulty value from the

passenger area temperature sensor, as caused
by open circuit or short, the climate control
module regulates according to the AC system
values, refer to AC system - Fault control.

When the engine is running, the circulation

pump, (2), runs continuously and the ON/OFF
valve, (1), on the central distribution unit
opens/closes depending on the calculated heat
needed. When the ON/OFF valve opens, hot
water is led from the engine and the auxiliary
heater into the heating element circuit and part
of the water is returned to the engine at the
other end of the circuit. When the ON/OFF
valve is closed, the water in the circuit
circulates continuously since the circulation
pump, (2), is running. The passenger area
temperature is adjusted by means of a
potentiometer in the driver area.
The climate control module stops regulating
the heat to the heating elements when the
temperature exceeds the set value and the
climate control module has not opened the
valve for 13 minutes or if the potentiometer for
passenger area temperature has been turned to
OFF position.

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f15b.mkr

Heating system

Passenger heating, roof

The roof heating function is integrated into two
of the bus roof units for ventilation, or into the
AC unit, if fitted. The roof unit consist of the
following components:

Double radial fan

Heat exchanger

Pneumatically controlled water valve, type

ON-OFF

Pneumatically controlled flap for selecting

fresh air or recirculated air

Filter

Pneumatic valve for flap and water valve

1
2
3
4

1870f15b.mkr

Double radial fan

Water valve
Heat exchanger
Filter

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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Heating system

The regulation starts when the engine starts and

the potentiometer for adjustment of passenger
area temperature has been turned from its OFF
position.
When the engine is running, the climate control
module controls the valves to the roof unit so
that the temperature in the air ducts is the same
as the set passenger temperature.
The climate control module moves the flaps to
the recirculation position:

when the AC unit is running and the

outdoor temperature is higher than the
passenger area temperature, which at the
same time exceeds the set value by more
than 4 C.

or when the quantity of heat in the engine

cooling system is not sufficient to achieve
the desired temperature, e. g. at extremely
low outdoor temperature or immediately
after the bus has started.

If the climate control module receives a faulty

value from the air duct temperature sensor, the
roof valves are controlled in relation to the
control of the passenger area heating elements.

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f15b.mkr

Heating system

Defroster
The defroster unit is of the "over-head" type. It
blows air from the top of the screen and
downwards. This solution gives the air flow a
much better "adhesion" against the window, i.e.
it does not "whirl" away from the window
towards the driver.
To further increase the efficiency of the
defroster, the driver area is designed so that the
inlet to the driver area fan is located at the base
of the windscreen.

If the climate control module receives a faulty

value from temperature sensor in the defroster
duct, regulation will be directly according to
the potentiometer setting.

Technical data
Heating capacity

14 kW

Air flow, maximum

1050 m/h

Nominal voltage

24 V

The defroster fan is started manually by the

driver and the heat control of the defroster
valve starts when the driver turns the
potentiometer for temperature adjustment from
its OFF position. In this position, the climate
control module starts to alternately open/close
the defroster valve provided that the
temperature level of the defroster air is below
the default value.
When the engine is running, the defroster is
controlled in the following ways:

The temperature level of the defroster air is

determined by the driver using a
potentiometer on the control panel.

The air to the defroster is controlled by the

climate control module and can be drawn
either from the outside, fresh air, or from
inside the bus, recirculated air.

Recirculated air is used when the AC unit

is running and the outdoor temperature is
higher than the passenger area temperature,
at the same time exceeding the set value by
more than 4 C.

The amount of heat supplied to the

defroster is controlled completely by the
climate control module which regulates the
valve in the defroster unit.

The driver controls the defroster fan and its

speed which has three different settings.

The temperature is recorded by the

temperature sensor in the defroster duct.

The driver can manually turn off the defroster

by shutting off the fan and turning the
potentiometer to its OFF position.

1870f15b.mkr

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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AC system

Function description
AC system
General
There are two basic designs of the system, one
for two-axle buses and one for articulated
buses.
System design for two-axle bus
The AC system has three sensors, recording the
outdoor temperature, (11), the air duct
temperature, (12), and the passenger area
temperature, (13). The sensors are common to
the entire climate control system and their use
is integrated with other sub-systems. The
system is controlled by the climate control
module.
The AC system consists of one or two
compressors, (14), with associated highpressure switch, (1), and low-pressure switch,
(9), located in the engine compartment and a
roof unit, (10), located on the bus roof.
Where two compressors are used, they are run
synchronously and only one set of high-/lowpressure switches are fitted in the area of the
rear compressor.
The roof unit consists of the following
components:

18

High-pressure switch 1 and low-pressure

switch 9.

Condenser 2

Safety valve 3

Storage tank 4, which "stores" the

refrigerant when liquid.

Dehydrator/filter 5, which is used to

remove impurities, moisture and acid from
the refrigerant.

Expansion valve 6

Evaporator 7

Air flap 8 for switching between fresh air

and recalculated air.

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f13b.mkr

AC system

Schematic diagram of AC system (two-axle bus)

1 High-pressure switch
2 Condenser
3 Safety valve
4 Storage tank
5 Dehydrator
6 Expansion valve
7 Evaporator
8 Air flap for switching between fresh or recirculated air.
9 Low-pressure switch
10 Roof unit
11 Outdoor temperature sensor
12 Air duct temperature sensor
13 Passenger area temperature sensor
14 Compressor

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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AC system

System design for articulated bus

Schematic diagram of AC system (articulated bus)

1 Outdoor temperature sensor
2 Roof unit
3 Air duct temperature sensor
4 Passenger area temperature sensor
5 Compressors
The AC system has two roof units (2) located on
the bus roof. In the engine compartment, there
are two compressors (5), each with two sets of
high-/low-pressure switches.
The AC system uses one outdoor temperature
sensor (1), two air duct temperature sensors (3),
and two passenger area temperature sensors (4).
The two AC units are individually controlled
and thus two sets of temperature sensors are
required. However, the sensors are common to
the entire climate system and are also used in the
heating and ventilation systems.

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AC system

Component location, roof unit, AC

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Condenser
Filter, fresh-air side
Air flap for switching between fresh or recirculated air
Axial fans
Double radial fan
Heat exchanger for heating ventilation air
Heat exchanger
Expansion valve
Dehydrator
Storage tank

1870f13b.mkr

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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AC system

Compressor
Articulated buses always have two
compressors. Two-axle buses normally have
one. Where two-axle buses are used in very hot
climates they are equipped with two
compressors. The compressors are located in
the engine compartment and are driven via
drive belts by the engine. Engagement and
disengagement is by means of an electromagnetic clutch and is controlled by the
climate control module. If the refrigerant
pressure is extremely high or low, the electromagnetic clutch disengages the compressor.
The compressor draws in refrigerant from the
evaporator, compressing it, raising the pressure
and the temperature of the refrigerant.

Condenser
The condenser, consists of a large heat
exchanger and a number of axial fans for
cooling the hot refrigerant using fresh air.
When heat is extracted, the refrigerant
transforms from gas into liquid, which is called
condensation.

Storage tank
The storage tank holds sufficient refrigerant in
its liquid state.

Dehydrator
The dehydrator/filter is used to remove
impurities, moisture and acid from the
refrigerant. The filter must be renewed at
regular intervals to prevent damage to other
components.

Expansion valve
The expansion valves on the right and left sides
regulate the refrigerant quantity passed on to
the evaporator. The expansion valve, in turn, is
controlled partly by the evaporator outlet
temperature and partly by the system pressure.
The pressure and temperature of the refrigerant
drops after the expansion valve.

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f13b.mkr

AC system

Air flap for fresh air/recirculated

air
To control what type of air shall be blown on to
the evaporator, an air flap for fresh/recirculated
air is fitted in the AC unit. The flap is
controlled electrically by the climate control
module.

Evaporator
The evaporator consists of two heat exchangers
with two radial fans each. The fans are
controlled by the climate control module at
three different settings. At the lowest setting,
only one fan per heat exchanger is running,
operating at approximately 12 V. At medium
setting, all four fans run, operating at approx.
20 V. At the highest setting, the fans operate at
approximately 24 V.
Fresh or recirculated air is blown into the
evaporator through the heat exchanger and out
into the bus air ducts. Heat is drawn from the
air passing through and is absorbed by the
refrigerant, which is transformed from liquid to
gas, which is called evaporation.
The evaporator assembly also comprises a heat
exchanger, which is connected to the heating
system. This makes it possible to use the AC
unit for heating the ventilation air, refer to
Heating system.
To avoid ice forming in the evaporator
assembly, there is an ice switch. The ice switch
cuts out when temperature is too low,
disengaging the compressor.

Filter
The AC unit is equipped with two different
filters. One is located on the recirculated air
side and the other on the fresh air side, .

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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AC system

Temperature sensors
Outdoor temperature sensor
The outdoor temperature sensor is located at the
front on the left-hand side and records the
outdoor temperature. This is necessary in order
to avoid the climate control module starting the
AC unit in cold weather, i.e. when the outdoor
temperature is below 8C.

Air duct temperature sensor

The air duct temperature sensors are located in
the roof ducts below the air filters of the roof
units. The sensors are used when the AC system
works with dehydration and heat must be added
to keep the temperature in the air ducts at the
same level as that set for the passenger area.

Passenger area temperature sensor

The passenger area temperature sensor is
located opposite the left-hand roof unit and
records the temperature as a reference for the
climate control module. There is also a
temperature sensor in the driver area, fitted
below the instrument panel.

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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AC system

Refrigeration process
The AC unit, in principle, operates as follows:
1 The compressors raise the pressure and
temperature of the refrigerant.
2 In the condenser, heat from the refrigerant
is released and the gas condenses, i.e. it
changes to liquid state.

In the control of the fresh/recirculated air flap,

the climate control system selects flap position
according to which of the outdoor temperature
and passenger area temperature is lower. If it is
colder outside than inside the flap is in fresh-air
position. Otherwise, the flap is set to the
recirculation position, and air from the
passenger area is blown to the evaporator and
out into the air ducts. The driver can manually
set the flap to the recirculation position.

3 The storage tank hold sufficient refrigerant

to meet the evaporator requirements.
4 The dehydrator removes moisture and any
impurities from the refrigerant.
5 The expansion valves separate the
refrigerant high-pressure side from its lowpressure side.
6 Heat from the air passing through is added
to the cold refrigerant in the evaporators.
The refrigerant changes to gas state
(evaporates).
7 The cycle is completed when the
refrigerant reaches the compressor again.

Start
The AC unit starts when the climate control
module requests low temperature, i.e. when the
temperature in the passenger area exceeds the
set temperature by more than 2 C. This occurs
provided:

the outdoor temperature exceeds 8 C

approximately 1 minute has passed since

the engine was started

the battery voltage exceeds 21 V.

Operation
When the AC unit is running it is entirely
controlled by the climate control module,
which alternately engages and disengages the
compressor. When the AC unit cannot maintain
the requested temperature and the passenger
area temperature sensor records a temperature
level of approx. 3 C above the set temperature,
the fans are started at maximum speed.

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AC system

Shutdown

The high-pressure switch cuts at 22.5 bar

and is reset when the pressure has dropped
to 15.5 bar.

The low-pressure switch cuts at 0.2 bar and

is reset when the pressure has risen to 1.9
bar.

The AC unit is shut down:

when the passenger area temperature is

below the set level

in the event of abnormally high or low gas

pressure. The AC unit starts again when the
pressure levels in the system are normal

when the temperature is low at the

evaporator and ice may form. The AC unit
starts again after approx. 30 seconds when
there is no longer any risk of ice forming

if the battery voltage is lower than 21 V.

Fault control
When receiving a faulty value from the
passenger area temperature sensor, as caused
by an open circuit or short, the climate control
module regulates according to the
potentiometer temperature level setting as
follows:

< 21C = AC activated

21 - 23C = Ventilation activated

24C = 1/3 heat on

26C = 2/3 heat on

28C = 3/3 heat on

After a delay of approx. 3 minutes, when the

pressure is stabilised, the compressor is reengaged. If the high- or low-pressure failure
persists, the compressor is disengaged in the
same way. If this is repeated after five starting
attempts, the AC function will be completely
blocked and service will be required before it
can be used.
When the temperature at the evaporator is
below -0,8 C, the ice switch cuts out and the
compressor is disengaged. After a delay of
approx. 30 seconds, when the temperature has
exceeded +2,5 C, the compressor is engaged
again.

If a faulty value is received from the

potentiometer, the climate control module
adjusts to the default value, 21C.
Note: On articulated buses there are two
temperature sensors located in the passenger
area. If a temperature sensor fails, the climate
control module adjusts to the temperature
recorded by the other temperature sensor. In
case both temperature sensors fail, adjustment
is as above.
In case of too high or too low pressure at the
compressor, the high-pressure switch or the
low-pressure switch, respectively, cuts out
immediately, disengaging the compressor,
according to the following:

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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AC system

Air dehydration
When the climate is in the transition zone
between cold and hot, neither the AC system
nor the heating system operates. In this case,
the AC systems so-called air dehydration is
used to dehydrate the air if the humidity of the
air outside the vehicle is high. To sum up, the
climate control module requests low
temperature or high temperature so as to
achieve the temperature set for the passenger
area also in the air duct and so as to remove
moisture from the air by way of the AC unit.
Air dehydration is activated using the switch in
the driver area. Starting and blocking of the AC
unit works in the way described under AC unit
start.
During air dehydration the AC unit runs with
the evaporator fans at speed setting 2. The
climate control module adjusts the air duct
temperature so that it equals the set value. The
flaps automatically move to the recirculation
position.
Air dehydration automatically switches off
10 minutes after activation.

Technical data
Heating capacity (heater)

40 kW

Cooling capacity
(evaporator)

22 kW

Air flow, maximum

3600 m/h

Nominal voltage

24 V

Refrigerant

R134 a, free from

CFC

Weight of AC unit

approx. 175 kg

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

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 Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

Ventilation system

Function description
Ventilation system
General

Schematic diagram of the Ventilation system

1 Defroster unit
2 Roof unit
In principle, the ventilation system must
ensure:

a supply of fresh air to the bus through the

defroster unit, (1), and roof unit or
AC unit, (2).

an increase in air quality by filtering

incoming air and expelling old air.

On models with AC, the AC unit evaporator

fans are used as ventilation fans. They will add
fresh air or recirculate passenger area air
depending on the positions of the ventilation
flaps. The air is heated or cooled in the AC unit
and blown out through the bus ventilation
ducts.

This is done by continuously maintaining an

overpressure inside the bus in order to prevent,
in winter, rushes of cold air from the doors (or
from the articulated section in an articulated
bus) and to prevent, in summer, road dust from
entering the passenger area.
The ventilation fans are located in the roof unit.
Fresh air and/or recirculated air blows through
the ventilation ducts of the bus and out into the
passenger area by way of slots along the side
windows, the air being led down the windows.

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Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

29

Ventilation system

Start/shutdown
The ventilation system is integrated with other
climate control components and, in principle, is
started and switched off when the engine is
started and switched off.

Operation
Air flap for recirculated air and fresh air:

Moves from fresh air to recirculated air

when the outdoor temperature is 4C above
the set temperature.

Moves from fresh air to recirculated air

when the roof valve is continuously open.
This indicates that the outside temperature
is so low that there is not sufficient heat to
warm up the incoming air to the set
temperature.

Can be moved manually from fresh air to

recirculated air position by means of a
switch on the control panel next to the
driver.

Fresh air fans:

30

Fan speed I is always active.

Fan speed II is activated when the

passenger area temperature exceeds the set
temperature by more than 1.5 C.

Fan speed III is activated when the

passenger area temperature exceeds the set
temperature by more than approx. 3 C.

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f14b.mkr

Stationary supply system

Stationary supply system

General
The stationary supply system fulfils the bus
requirements for heating and compressed air
when it is parked. In addition, the system shall,
if required, supply the bus with voltage for
charging batteries and operating the feed pump.
The design of the system will depend on the
design of the supply station. Two different
systems are available:

Supply station with heat exchanger in the

bus and unit connection, EK

Supply station with heat exchanger, control

system and pump outside the bus and
separate connections.

Example of unit connection

The two different connection systems are:

Unit connection, type EK100 with water,

air and EK100E, which also has an
electrical connection assembled in one
block

Separate connection, type Hansen, with

separate water, air and electrical
connections

1870f14b.mkr

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

31

Stationary supply system

Unit connection with heat

exchanger in bus
Design

32

The connection unit EK100/EK100E

operates as a connection point for air and
water between the bus and the supply
station. If the E variant is selected, this
means that power for charging the battery
and for control signal, if used, can be fed
via the EK block.

The heat exchanger exchanges heat from

the supply station to the bus internal
heating system.

The circulation pump supplies a flow

through the heating circuits and the engine
when the bus is connected to a supply
station. The bus feed pump is used for this
purpose, see Heating system.

The temperature sensor is the same sensor

as used for the driver area heating, see
Heating system.

The driver area fan with heating element is

used to create an increased heat supply
when the bus is connected to a supply
station.

The control system is integrated in the

climate control module.

There is an optional 7-pin connection for

battery voltage and signals to the climate
control module for high and low
temperature operation.

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f14b.mkr

Stationary supply system

Function
The system is activated when the driver
connects to the EK100 / EK100E junction box.
The following occurs in the junction box:
1 The thumb grip on the junction block
pushes in the microswitch on the junction
box.
2 The compressed air valve on the junction
box changes position.
3 The compressed air cylinder presses in the
junction block.
4 Connections for water and compressed air
open, as does the electrical connection in
the case of the EK100E.
5 The supply station provides the bus with
heating and compressed air.
6 When EK100E is used, the supply station
also provides the bus with a charging
current of maximum 15 A and a high
temperature signal.
When the supply station is connected, the
following occurs:

The supply station continuously supplies

the heat exchanger with a hot water flow.

The supply station continuously supplies

the bus with compressed air.

The supply station provides the bus with a

charging current of maximum 15 A (only
applies to EK100E).

1870f14b.mkr

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

33

Stationary supply system

Unit connection with heat exchanger in bus

1 Passenger area temperature sensor
2 Feed pump
3 Heat exchanger
4 Driver area circuit
5 Passenger area circuit
6 Main return line to engine
When the temperature in the passenger area,
(1), has sunk below the preset value 5 - 16 C,
the feed pump, (2), starts. Heat is absorbed
from the heat exchanger, (3), and distributed
into the driver circuit, (4), and into the
passenger circuit, (5). No water flows out to the
roof circuits since these valves are closed. In
the passenger circuit, the water is distributed
partly into the normal supply via the circulation
pump and partly into the normal return line. At
the rear of the bus the water flows are
combined and continue into the main return
line down to the engine, (6).
When the temperature has risen above the set
value, the feed pump is switched off. The
heating continues until the bus is disconnected
from the supply station or until the system
enters high temperature position.

The driver switches the system off and

disconnects the bus from the supply station by
pushing in the thumb grip on the junction box.
The following occurs:
1 The microswitch on the junction box is
inactivated.
2 The compressed air valve on the junction
box changes position.
3 The compressed air cylinder presses out
the junction block.
4 The connections for water and compressed
air are closed.
5 The charging current is cut (only applies to
EK100E).

In the high temperature position, the reference

temperature changes from 5 - 16 C to 18 C
after a delay of approx. 3 minutes. The feed
pump is started at the same time and runs
continuously and the climate control module
starts and shuts off the driver area fan in order
to achieve the correct temperature.

34

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f14b.mkr

Stationary supply system

Separate connection with heat

exchanger outside the bus
Design
In this variant all components as above, see
Design of the EK system/heat exchanger in the
bus, are fitted in a box on the supply station.
Also available are:

Water connections by leakproof couplings

of type Hansen as installed on the central
distribution unit.

An air connection which is located outside

the central distribution unit.

A 3-pin electrical connection which is

located outside the central distribution unit.
The terminals are for battery voltage + and
- and a signal for starting the driver area
fan and the door fans.

An extra check valve fitted on the central

distribution unit. This ensures flow through
the whole bus when it is connected to a
supply station without affecting the
operation when the engine is running.

A control system for the supply station is

located on the heating supply station.

1870f14b.mkr

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

35

Stationary supply system

Separate connection with heat exchanger outside the bus

1 Check valve
Operation
The system is passive and all active parts are
located on the supply station outside the bus.
A pump located on the supply station pumps
heated water into the bus. The water is
distributed into all the open circuits, driver area
heating, passenger area heating and engine, as
shown in the illustration. The check valve, (1),
prevents the water from flowing directly back
out to the supply station.
The door fans and driver fan can be started via
a 3-pin electrical connection.
Note: When a bus is connected to a supply
station using separate connections, it is
important that the main current is cut,
otherwise there will be no heating inside bus
since all the heater valves are closed.

36

Scania CV AB 1999, Sweden

1870f14b.mkr