verbal test - october

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Part 1 of 6 No Questions

0.0 Points

Part 2 of 6 - critical reasoning

5.0 Points
Question 1 of 25
1.0 Points
After the national speed limit of 55 miles per hour was imposed in 1974, the
number of deaths per mile driven on a highway fell abruptly as a result. Since then,
however, the average speed of vehicles on highways has risen, but the number of
deaths per mile driven on a highway has continued to fall. Which of the following
conclusions can be properly drawn from the statements above?
A. The speed limit alone is probably not responsible for the continued
reduction in highway deaths in the years after 1974.
B. People have been driving less since 1974.
C. Driver-education courses have been more effective since 1974 in teaching
drivers to drive safely.
D. In recent years highway patrols have been less effective in catching drivers
who speed.
E. The change in the speed limit cannot be responsible for the abrupt decline in
highway deaths in 1974.

Answer Key: A
Question 2 of 25
1.0 Points
Throughout the 1950's, there were increases in the numbers of dead birds found
in agricultural areas after pesticide sprayings. Pesticide manufacturers claimed that
the publicity given to bird deaths stimulated volunteers to look for dead birds, and
that the increase in numbers reported was attributable to the increase in the number
of people looking. Which of the following statements, if true, would help to refute the
claim of the pesticide manufacturers?
A. The publicity given to bird deaths was largely regional and never reached
national proportions.
B. Pesticide sprayings were timed to coincide with various phases of the life
cycles of the insects they destroyed.
C. No provision was made to ensure that a dead bird would not be reported by
more than one observer.

D. Initial increases in bird deaths had been noticed by agricultural workers long
before any publicity had been given to the matter.
E. Dead birds of the same species as those found in agricultural areas had been
found along coastal areas where no farming took place.

Answer Key: D
Question 3 of 25
1.0 Points
Mr. Primm: If hospitals were private enterprises, dependent on profits for their
survival, there would be no teaching hospitals, because of the intrinsically high cost
of running such hospitals. Ms. Nakai: I disagree. The medical challenges provided
by teaching hospitals attract the very best physicians. This, in turn, enables those
hospitals to concentrate on nonroutine cases. Which of the following, if true, would
most strengthen Ms. Nakai's attempt to refute Mr. Primm's claim?
A. Doctors at teaching hospitals command high salaries.
B. Sophisticated, nonroutine medical care commands a high price.
C. Existing teaching hospitals derive some revenue from public subsidies.
D. The patient mortality rate at teaching hospitals is high.
E. The modern trend among physicians is to become highly specialized.

Answer Key: B
Question 4 of 25
1.0 Points
Lark Manufacturing Company initiated a voluntary Quality Circles program for
machine operators. Independent surveys of employee attitudes indicated that the
machine operators participating in the program were less satisfied with their work
situations after two years of the program's existence than they were at the program's
start. Obviously, any workers who participate in a Quality Circles program will, as a
result, become less satisfied with their jobs. Each of the following, if true, would
weaken the conclusion drawn above EXCEPT:
A. The second survey occurred during a period of recession when rumors of
cutbacks and layoffs at Lark Manufacturing were plentiful .
B. The surveys also showed that those Lark machine operators who neither
participated in Quality Circles nor knew anyone who did so reported the same
degree of lessened satisfaction with their work situations as did the Lark
machine operators who participated in Quality Circles.
C. While participating in Quality Circles at Lark Manufacturing, machine
operators exhibited two of the primary indicators of improved job satisfaction:
increased productivity and decreased absenteeism.

D. Several workers at Lark Manufacturing who had participated in Quality

Circles while employed at other companies reported that, while participating in
Quality Circles in their previous companies, their work satisfaction had
increased.
E. The machine operators who participated in Quality Circles reported that,
when the program started, they felt that participation might improve their work
situations.

Answer Key: E
Question 5 of 25
1.0 Points
Reviewing historical data, medical researchers in California found that counties
with the largest number of television sets per capita have had the lowest incidence of
a serious brain disease, mosquito-borne encephalitis. The researchers have
concluded that people in these counties stay indoors more and thus avoid exposure
to the disease. The researchers' conclusion would be most strengthened if which of
the following were true?
A. Programs designed to control the size of disease-bearing mosquito
populations have not affected the incidence of mosquito- borne encephalitis.
B. The occupations of county residents affect their risk of exposure to
mosquito-borne encephalitis more than does television-watching.
C. The incidence of mosquito-borne encephalitis in counties with the largest
number of television sets per capita is likely to decrease even further.
D. The more time people in a county spend outdoors, the greater their
awareness of the dangers of mosquito-borne encephalitis.
E. The more television sets there are per capita in a county, the more time the
average county resident spends watching television.

Answer Key: E
Part 3 of 6 - syllogisms
5.0 Points
Question 6 of 25
1.0 Points
Kevin Overland is a smooth skater. Some smooth skaters slip and slide.
A. Kevin Overland is slip and slide.
B. Slip and slide is Kevin Overland
C. Some Kevin Overland is slip and slide.
D. NO CONCLUSION

Answer Key: D
Question 7 of 25
1.0 Points
No Olympic flags are purple and gold. Some skating costumes are purple and
gold.
A. Some skating costumes are not Olympic flags.
B. Some skating costumes are Olympic flags.
C. All skating costumes are not Olympic flags.
D. NO CONCLUSION

Answer Key: A
Question 8 of 25
1.0 Points
Some Sumo wrestlers shout , ?where?s the beef?? No Sumo wrestlers should wear
tutus.
A. Some who shout ?where?s the beef? should wear tutus.
B. Some who shout ?where?s the beef? should not wear tutus shout , ?where?s
the beef??
C. Some Sumo wrestlers who wear tutus should not
D. NO CONCLUSION

Answer Key: B
Question 9 of 25
No waves are silent. Some evenings are silent.

1.0 Points

A. Some evenings are waves.

B. Some evenings are not waves.
C. No evenings are waves.
D. NO CONCLUSION

Answer Key: B
Question 10 of 25
1.0 Points
Some watermelons are juicy. No watermelons are purple.

A. Some juicy things are purple.

B. Some juicy things are not purple.
C. All juicy things are not purple.
D. NO CONCLUSION

Answer Key: B
Part 4 of 6 - logical ordering of sentences
3.0 Points
Question 11 of 25
1.0 Points
(a) I will show you the roomy workshop of Mr. John Berkley, carpenter and
builder in the village of Hayslope (b) the afternoon sun was warm on the five
workmen there busy upon door and window frames (c) it appeared on the 18thof
June 1799 (d) with a single drop of ink for a mirror, the Egyptian sorcerer
undertakes to reveal to any chance comer far-reaching visions of the past (e) this is
what I undertake to do for you the reader with this drop of ink at the end of my pen
A. bcaed
B. deabc
C. deacb
D. none of these

Answer Key: D
Question 12 of 25
1.0 Points
(p) colleges and universities (q) the students of our (r) is designed for (s) the
present work
A. qrsp
B. psrq
C. srqp
D. pqrs

Answer Key: C
Question 13 of 25
1.0 Points
e) but to represent him as a man of stainless virtue is to make him ridiculous
(f)our feeling towards Hastings is not exactly that of the House of Commons (g)

which impeached him in 1787 (h) he had great qualities, and he rendered great
services to the State
A. gfeh
B. fghe
C. hefg
D. fehg
E. gefh

Answer Key: B
Part 5 of 6 - spotting errors
4.0 Points
Question 14 of 25
1.0 Points
Several of her friends (a) rang up Neha (b) to congratulate her for her success (c)
in the Civil Service Examination (d). No error (e).
A. a
B. b
C. c
D. d
E. e

Answer Key: C
Question 15 of 25
1.0 Points
The heinous incidents that (a) happened today in Kashmir (b) barely a kilometer
away from an army camp (c) has shocked the conscience of the world (d). No error
(e).
A. a
B. b
C. c
D. d
E. e

Answer Key: D
Question 16 of 25
1.0 Points
The young man got out of his car (a), walked into a restaurant (b), sat in a corner
(c) and ordered for two cups of coffee (d). No error (e).
A. a
B. b
C. c
D. d
E. e

Answer Key: D
Question 17 of 25
1.0 Points
The eminent scientist (a) who presided at the function (b) narrated the harrowing
experiences he had (c) at the beginning of his career (d). No error (e).
A. a
B. b
C. c
D. d
E. e

Answer Key: B
Part 6 of 6 - reading comprehension
8.0 Points
Question 18 of 25
1.0 Points
Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States
by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants.
In his reinterpretation, migration becomes the (5) organizing principle for rewriting
the history of preindustrial North America. His approach rests on four separate
propositions. The first of these asserts that residents of early modern England
moved regularly about their coun(10) tryside; migrating to the New World was
simply a "natural spillover." Although at first the colonies held little positive
attraction for the English---they would rather have stayed home-by the eighteenth
century people increasingly migrated to America because they (15) regarded it as
the land of opportunity. Secondly, Bailyn holds that, contrary to the notion that used
to flourish in America history textbooks, there was never a typical New World
community. For example, the economic and demographic character of early New

England towns (20) varied considerably. Bailyn's third proposition suggests two
general patterns prevailing among the many thousands of migrants: one group came
as indentured servants, another came to acquire land. Surprisingly, Bailyn (25)
suggests that those who recruited indentured servants were the driving forces of
transatlantic migration. These colonial entrepreneurs helped determine the social
char- acter of people who came to preindustrial North America. At first, thousands
of unskilled laborers were recruited; (30) by the 1730's, however, American
employers demanded skilled artisans. Finally, Bailyn argues that the colonies were a
half-civilized hinterland of the European culture system. He is undoubtedly correct
to insist that the colonies were (35) part of an Anglo-American empire. But to divide
the empire into English core and colonial periphery, as Bailyn does, devalues the
achievements of colonial culture. It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in the
colonies never matched that in England. But what (40) of seventeenth-century New
England, where the settlers created effective laws, built a distinguished university,
and published books? Bailyn might respond that New England was exceptional.
However, the ideas and institutions developed by New England Puritans had power(45) ful effects on North American culture. Although Bailyn goes on to apply his
approach to some thousands of indentured servants who migrated just prior to the
revolution, he fails to link their experience with the political development of the
United States. (50) Evidence presented in his work suggests how we might make
such a connection. These indentured servants were treated as slaves for the period
during which they had sold their time to American employers. It is not surprising
that as soon as they served their time they passed up (55) good wages in the cities
and headed west to ensure their personal independence by acquiring land. Thus, it is
in the west that a peculiarly American political culture began, among colonists who
were suspicious of authority and intensely antiaristocratic. It can be inferred from
the passage that American history textbooks used to assert that
A. many migrants to colonial North America were not successful financially
B. more migrants came to America out of religious or political conviction that
came in the hope of acquiring land
C. New England communities were much alike in terms of their economics and
demographics
D. many migrants to colonial North America failed to maintain ties with their
European relations
E. the level of literacy in New England communities was very high

Answer Key: C
Question 19 of 25
1.0 Points
Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States
by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants.
In his reinterpretation, migration becomes the (5) organizing principle for rewriting
the history of preindustrial North America. His approach rests on four separate

propositions. The first of these asserts that residents of early modern England
moved regularly about their coun(10) tryside; migrating to the New World was
simply a "natural spillover." Although at first the colonies held little positive
attraction for the English---they would rather have stayed home-by the eighteenth
century people increasingly migrated to America because they (15) regarded it as the
land of opportunity. Secondly, Bailyn holds that, contrary to the notion that used to
flourish in America history textbooks, there was never a typical New World
community. For example, the economic and demographic character of early New
England towns (20) varied considerably. Bailyn's third proposition suggests two
general patterns prevailing among the many thousands of migrants: one group came
as indentured servants, another came to acquire land. Surprisingly, Bailyn (25)
suggests that those who recruited indentured servants were the driving forces of
transatlantic migration. These colonial entrepreneurs helped determine the social
char- acter of people who came to preindustrial North America. At first, thousands
of unskilled laborers were recruited; (30) by the 1730's, however, American
employers demanded skilled artisans. Finally, Bailyn argues that the colonies were a
half-civilized hinterland of the European culture system. He is undoubtedly correct
to insist that the colonies were (35) part of an Anglo-American empire. But to divide
the empire into English core and colonial periphery, as Bailyn does, devalues the
achievements of colonial culture. It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in the
colonies never matched that in England. But what (40) of seventeenth-century New
England, where the settlers created effective laws, built a distinguished university,
and published books? Bailyn might respond that New England was exceptional.
However, the ideas and institutions developed by New England Puritans had power(45) ful effects on North American culture. Although Bailyn goes on to apply his
approach to some thousands of indentured servants who migrated just prior to the
revolution, he fails to link their experience with the political development of the
United States. (50) Evidence presented in his work suggests how we might make
such a connection. These indentured servants were treated as slaves for the period
during which they had sold their time to American employers. It is not surprising
that as soon as they served their time they passed up (55) good wages in the cities
and headed west to ensure their personal independence by acquiring land. Thus, it is
in the west that a peculiarly American political culture began, among colonists who
were suspicious of authority and intensely antiaristocratic. Which of the following
best summarizes the author's evaluation of Bailyn's fourth proposition?
A. It is totally implausible.
B. It is partially correct.
C. It is highly admirable.
D. It is controversial though persuasive.
E. It is intriguing though unsubstantiated.

Answer Key: B
Question 20 of 25
1.0 Points
Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States
by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants.
In his reinterpretation, migration becomes the (5) organizing principle for rewriting
the history of preindustrial North America. His approach rests on four separate
propositions. The first of these asserts that residents of early modern England
moved regularly about their coun(10) tryside; migrating to the New World was
simply a "natural spillover." Although at first the colonies held little positive
attraction for the English---they would rather have stayed home-by the eighteenth
century people increasingly migrated to America because they (15) regarded it as the
land of opportunity. Secondly, Bailyn holds that, contrary to the notion that used to
flourish in America history textbooks, there was never a typical New World
community. For example, the economic and demographic character of early New
England towns (20) varied considerably. Bailyn's third proposition suggests two
general patterns prevailing among the many thousands of migrants: one group came
as indentured servants, another came to acquire land. Surprisingly, Bailyn (25)
suggests that those who recruited indentured servants were the driving forces of
transatlantic migration. These colonial entrepreneurs helped determine the social
char- acter of people who came to preindustrial North America. At first, thousands
of unskilled laborers were recruited; (30) by the 1730's, however, American
employers demanded skilled artisans. Finally, Bailyn argues that the colonies were a
half-civilized hinterland of the European culture system. He is undoubtedly correct
to insist that the colonies were (35) part of an Anglo-American empire. But to divide
the empire into English core and colonial periphery, as Bailyn does, devalues the
achievements of colonial culture. It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in the
colonies never matched that in England. But what (40) of seventeenth-century New
England, where the settlers created effective laws, built a distinguished university,
and published books? Bailyn might respond that New England was exceptional.
However, the ideas and institutions developed by New England Puritans had power(45) ful effects on North American culture. Although Bailyn goes on to apply his
approach to some thousands of indentured servants who migrated just prior to the
revolution, he fails to link their experience with the political development of the
United States. (50) Evidence presented in his work suggests how we might make
such a connection. These indentured servants were treated as slaves for the period
during which they had sold their time to American employers. It is not surprising
that as soon as they served their time they passed up (55) good wages in the cities
and headed west to ensure their personal independence by acquiring land. Thus, it is
in the west that a peculiarly American political culture began, among colonists who
were suspicious of authority and intensely antiaristocratic. According to the passage,
which of the following is true of English migrants to the colonies during the
eighteenth century?
A. Most of them were farmers rather than trades people or artisans.
B. Most of them came because they were unable to find work in England.

C. They differed from other English people in that they were willing to travel.
D. They expected that the colonies would offer them increased opportunity.
E. They were generally not as educated as the people who remained in
England.

Answer Key: D
Question 21 of 25
1.0 Points
Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States
by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants.
In his reinterpretation, migration becomes the (5) organizing principle for rewriting
the history of preindustrial North America. His approach rests on four separate
propositions. The first of these asserts that residents of early modern England
moved regularly about their coun(10) tryside; migrating to the New World was
simply a "natural spillover." Although at first the colonies held little positive
attraction for the English---they would rather have stayed home-by the eighteenth
century people increasingly migrated to America because they (15) regarded it as the
land of opportunity. Secondly, Bailyn holds that, contrary to the notion that used to
flourish in America history textbooks, there was never a typical New World
community. For example, the economic and demographic character of early New
England towns (20) varied considerably. Bailyn's third proposition suggests two
general patterns prevailing among the many thousands of migrants: one group came
as indentured servants, another came to acquire land. Surprisingly, Bailyn (25)
suggests that those who recruited indentured servants were the driving forces of
transatlantic migration. These colonial entrepreneurs helped determine the social
char- acter of people who came to preindustrial North America. At first, thousands
of unskilled laborers were recruited; (30) by the 1730's, however, American
employers demanded skilled artisans. Finally, Bailyn argues that the colonies were a
half-civilized hinterland of the European culture system. He is undoubtedly correct
to insist that the colonies were (35) part of an Anglo-American empire. But to divide
the empire into English core and colonial periphery, as Bailyn does, devalues the
achievements of colonial culture. It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in the
colonies never matched that in England. But what (40) of seventeenth-century New
England, where the settlers created effective laws, built a distinguished university,
and published books? Bailyn might respond that New England was exceptional.
However, the ideas and institutions developed by New England Puritans had power(45) ful effects on North American culture. Although Bailyn goes on to apply his
approach to some thousands of indentured servants who migrated just prior to the
revolution, he fails to link their experience with the political development of the
United States. (50) Evidence presented in his work suggests how we might make
such a connection. These indentured servants were treated as slaves for the period
during which they had sold their time to American employers. It is not surprising
that as soon as they served their time they passed up (55) good wages in the cities
and headed west to ensure their personal independence by acquiring land. Thus, it is
in the west that a peculiarly American political culture began, among colonists who

were suspicious of authority and intensely antiaristocratic. Which of the following

statements about migrants to colonial North America is supported by information in
the passage?
A. A larger percentage of migrants to colonial North America came as indentured
servants than as free agents interested in acquiring land.
B. Migrants who came to the colonies as indentured servants were more
successful at making a livelihood than were farmers and artisans.
C. Migrants to colonial North America were more successful at acquiring their
own land during the eighteenth century than during the seven-tenth century.
D. By the 1730's, migrants already skilled in a trade were in more demand by
American employers than were unskilled laborers.
E. A significant percentage of migrants who came to the colonies to acquire land
were forced to work as field hands for prosperous American farmers.

Answer Key: A
Question 22 of 25
1.0 Points
Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States
by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants.
In his reinterpretation, migration becomes the (5) organizing principle for rewriting
the history of preindustrial North America. His approach rests on four separate
propositions. The first of these asserts that residents of early modern England
moved regularly about their coun(10) tryside; migrating to the New World was
simply a "natural spillover." Although at first the colonies held little positive
attraction for the English---they would rather have stayed home-by the eighteenth
century people increasingly migrated to America because they (15) regarded it as the
land of opportunity. Secondly, Bailyn holds that, contrary to the notion that used to
flourish in America history textbooks, there was never a typical New World
community. For example, the economic and demographic character of early New
England towns (20) varied considerably. Bailyn's third proposition suggests two
general patterns prevailing among the many thousands of migrants: one group came
as indentured servants, another came to acquire land. Surprisingly, Bailyn (25)
suggests that those who recruited indentured servants were the driving forces of
transatlantic migration. These colonial entrepreneurs helped determine the social
char- acter of people who came to preindustrial North America. At first, thousands
of unskilled laborers were recruited; (30) by the 1730's, however, American
employers demanded skilled artisans. Finally, Bailyn argues that the colonies were a
half-civilized hinterland of the European culture system. He is undoubtedly correct
to insist that the colonies were (35) part of an Anglo-American empire. But to divide
the empire into English core and colonial periphery, as Bailyn does, devalues the
achievements of colonial culture. It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in the
colonies never matched that in England. But what (40) of seventeenth-century New
England, where the settlers created effective laws, built a distinguished university,
and published books? Bailyn might respond that New England was exceptional.

However, the ideas and institutions developed by New England Puritans had power(45) ful effects on North American culture. Although Bailyn goes on to apply his
approach to some thousands of indentured servants who migrated just prior to the
revolution, he fails to link their experience with the political development of the
United States. (50) Evidence presented in his work suggests how we might make
such a connection. These indentured servants were treated as slaves for the period
during which they had sold their time to American employers. It is not surprising
that as soon as they served their time they passed up (55) good wages in the cities
and headed west to ensure their personal independence by acquiring land. Thus, it is
in the west that a peculiarly American political culture began, among colonists who
were suspicious of authority and intensely antiaristocratic. The author of the passage
states that Bailyn failed to
A. give sufficient emphasis to the cultural and political interdependence of the
colonies and England
B. describe carefully how migrants of different ethnic backgrounds preserved
their culture in the United States
C. take advantage of social research on the experiences of colonists who migrated
to colonial North America specifically to acquire land
D. relate the experience of the migrants to the political values that eventually
shaped the character of the United States
E. investigate the lives of Europeans before they came to colonial North America
to determine more adequately their motivations for migrating

Answer Key: D
Question 23 of 25
1.0 Points
Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States
by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants.
In his reinterpretation, migration becomes the (5) organizing principle for rewriting
the history of preindustrial North America. His approach rests on four separate
propositions. The first of these asserts that residents of early modern England
moved regularly about their coun(10) tryside; migrating to the New World was
simply a "natural spillover." Although at first the colonies held little positive
attraction for the English---they would rather have stayed home-by the eighteenth
century people increasingly migrated to America because they (15) regarded it as the
land of opportunity. Secondly, Bailyn holds that, contrary to the notion that used to
flourish in America history textbooks, there was never a typical New World
community. For example, the economic and demographic character of early New
England towns (20) varied considerably. Bailyn's third proposition suggests two
general patterns prevailing among the many thousands of migrants: one group came
as indentured servants, another came to acquire land. Surprisingly, Bailyn (25)
suggests that those who recruited indentured servants were the driving forces of
transatlantic migration. These colonial entrepreneurs helped determine the social
char- acter of people who came to preindustrial North America. At first, thousands

of unskilled laborers were recruited; (30) by the 1730's, however, American

employers demanded skilled artisans. Finally, Bailyn argues that the colonies were a
half-civilized hinterland of the European culture system. He is undoubtedly correct
to insist that the colonies were (35) part of an Anglo-American empire. But to divide
the empire into English core and colonial periphery, as Bailyn does, devalues the
achievements of colonial culture. It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in the
colonies never matched that in England. But what (40) of seventeenth-century New
England, where the settlers created effective laws, built a distinguished university,
and published books? Bailyn might respond that New England was exceptional.
However, the ideas and institutions developed by New England Puritans had power(45) ful effects on North American culture. Although Bailyn goes on to apply his
approach to some thousands of indentured servants who migrated just prior to the
revolution, he fails to link their experience with the political development of the
United States. (50) Evidence presented in his work suggests how we might make
such a connection. These indentured servants were treated as slaves for the period
during which they had sold their time to American employers. It is not surprising
that as soon as they served their time they passed up (55) good wages in the cities
and headed west to ensure their personal independence by acquiring land. Thus, it is
in the west that a peculiarly American political culture began, among colonists who
were suspicious of authority and intensely antiaristocratic. According to the passage,
Bailyn and the author agree on which of the following statements about the culture
of colonial New England?
A. High culture in New England never equaled the high culture of England.
B. The cultural achievements of colonial New England have generally been
unrecognized by historians.
C. The colonists imitated the high culture of England, and did not develop a
culture that was uniquely their own.
D. The southern colonies were greatly influenced by the high culture of New
England.
E. New England communities were able to create laws and build a university, but
unable to create anything innovative in the arts.

Answer Key: A
Question 24 of 25
1.0 Points
Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States
by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants.
In his reinterpretation, migration becomes the (5) organizing principle for rewriting
the history of preindustrial North America. His approach rests on four separate
propositions. The first of these asserts that residents of early modern England
moved regularly about their coun(10) tryside; migrating to the New World was
simply a "natural spillover." Although at first the colonies held little positive
attraction for the English---they would rather have stayed home-by the eighteenth
century people increasingly migrated to America because they (15) regarded it as the

land of opportunity. Secondly, Bailyn holds that, contrary to the notion that used to
flourish in America history textbooks, there was never a typical New World
community. For example, the economic and demographic character of early New
England towns (20) varied considerably. Bailyn's third proposition suggests two
general patterns prevailing among the many thousands of migrants: one group came
as indentured servants, another came to acquire land. Surprisingly, Bailyn (25)
suggests that those who recruited indentured servants were the driving forces of
transatlantic migration. These colonial entrepreneurs helped determine the social
char- acter of people who came to preindustrial North America. At first, thousands
of unskilled laborers were recruited; (30) by the 1730's, however, American
employers demanded skilled artisans. Finally, Bailyn argues that the colonies were a
half-civilized hinterland of the European culture system. He is undoubtedly correct
to insist that the colonies were (35) part of an Anglo-American empire. But to divide
the empire into English core and colonial periphery, as Bailyn does, devalues the
achievements of colonial culture. It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in the
colonies never matched that in England. But what (40) of seventeenth-century New
England, where the settlers created effective laws, built a distinguished university,
and published books? Bailyn might respond that New England was exceptional.
However, the ideas and institutions developed by New England Puritans had power(45) ful effects on North American culture. Although Bailyn goes on to apply his
approach to some thousands of indentured servants who migrated just prior to the
revolution, he fails to link their experience with the political development of the
United States. (50) Evidence presented in his work suggests how we might make
such a connection. These indentured servants were treated as slaves for the period
during which they had sold their time to American employers. It is not surprising
that as soon as they served their time they passed up (55) good wages in the cities
and headed west to ensure their personal independence by acquiring land. Thus, it is
in the west that a peculiarly American political culture began, among colonists who
were suspicious of authority and intensely antiaristocratic. The author of the passage
would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about Bailyn's
work?
A. Bailyn underestimates the effects of Puritan thought on North American
culture
B. Bailyn overemphasizes the economic dependence of the colonies on Great
Britain.
C. Bailyn's description of the colonies as part of an Anglo-American empire is
misleading and incorrect.
D. Bailyn failed to test his propositions on a specific group of migrants to
colonial North America.
E. Bailyn overemphasizes the experiences of migrants to the New England
colonies, and neglects the southern and the western parts of the New World.

Answer Key: A
Question 25 of 25

1.0 Points

Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States
by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants.
In his reinterpretation, migration becomes the (5) organizing principle for rewriting
the history of preindustrial North America. His approach rests on four separate
propositions. The first of these asserts that residents of early modern England
moved regularly about their coun(10) tryside; migrating to the New World was
simply a "natural spillover." Although at first the colonies held little positive
attraction for the English---they would rather have stayed home-by the eighteenth
century people increasingly migrated to America because they (15) regarded it as the
land of opportunity. Secondly, Bailyn holds that, contrary to the notion that used to
flourish in America history textbooks, there was never a typical New World
community. For example, the economic and demographic character of early New
England towns (20) varied considerably. Bailyn's third proposition suggests two
general patterns prevailing among the many thousands of migrants: one group came
as indentured servants, another came to acquire land. Surprisingly, Bailyn (25)
suggests that those who recruited indentured servants were the driving forces of
transatlantic migration. These colonial entrepreneurs helped determine the social
char- acter of people who came to preindustrial North America. At first, thousands
of unskilled laborers were recruited; (30) by the 1730's, however, American
employers demanded skilled artisans. Finally, Bailyn argues that the colonies were a
half-civilized hinterland of the European culture system. He is undoubtedly correct
to insist that the colonies were (35) part of an Anglo-American empire. But to divide
the empire into English core and colonial periphery, as Bailyn does, devalues the
achievements of colonial culture. It is true, as Bailyn claims, that high culture in the
colonies never matched that in England. But what (40) of seventeenth-century New
England, where the settlers created effective laws, built a distinguished university,
and published books? Bailyn might respond that New England was exceptional.
However, the ideas and institutions developed by New England Puritans had power(45) ful effects on North American culture. Although Bailyn goes on to apply his
approach to some thousands of indentured servants who migrated just prior to the
revolution, he fails to link their experience with the political development of the
United States. (50) Evidence presented in his work suggests how we might make
such a connection. These indentured servants were treated as slaves for the period
during which they had sold their time to American employers. It is not surprising
that as soon as they served their time they passed up (55) good wages in the cities
and headed west to ensure their personal independence by acquiring land. Thus, it is
in the west that a peculiarly American political culture began, among colonists who
were suspicious of authority and intensely antiaristocratic. The author of the passage
is primarily concerned with
A. comparing several current interpretations of early American history
B. suggesting that new social research on migration should lead to revisions in
current interpretations of early American history
C. providing the theoretical framework that is used by most historians in
understanding early American history

D. refuting an argument about early American history that has been proposed by
social historians
E. discussing a reinterpretation of early American history that is based on new
social research on migration

Answer Key: E