Ecological Profile Guiuan

2010-2012
Ecological Profile
GUIUAN,
EASTERN
SAMAR
Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012
Page 0
CHAPTER I
HISTORY OF GUIUAN
The name of the town was taken out of its geographical location.
The original settlers found occasion to name the town Guibang when
they discovered a sharp break in the mountain range (Tenigban a part
chiseled off), which screens the town from the Pacific Ocean in the East.
Subsequently settlers later modified the moniker Guiuan.
The original site of the town of Guiuan was a small barrio some
six kilometers to the North in what is now known as barrio Alingarog. The
place where the town now stands was then a vast uninhabited
wilderness, which explains why the Spanish explorers, Fr. Urdaneta and
Legaspi by passed the place and proceeded to Alingarog.
A good harbor, a friendly people- all these contributed to make
the settlement easier. And in due time the people in the place where
baptized and masses were held regularly.
The swampy land surrounding the new settlement made farther
expansion difficult. Hence, a new site was called for. The settlers
eventually move South and, coming upon a wide level land, built the first
church near a Malagading tree.
Historically, Guiuan of Guiguan, as the bungto was formerly
called Butag (Guiguan que llamaban en su antiguedad Butag), no doubt
because the place now designated, as Butac was its earliest settlement.
The name Guiguan, according to a 1668 manuscript, was derived by the
natives from the term gigwanum, a Bisayan term to salty water. Esta
este pueblo de Guiguan que, segun la significacion de esta lingua
bisaya, quierer dicer agua salobre, porque gigwanum es lo mismo que
fuente o poso de agua algo salada. (The present popular tradition,
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which traces the name to the Bisayan word guibang, cannot bear
historical scrutiny, and should accordingly be traced as no more than an
artiological legend). Evidently, the place lacked dulce agua (fresh water),
which was already a bungto- a term which does not exactly correspond
to the word town, because it was no more thana relatively big cluster of
houses. Rather, this means that it had a number of haops, groups
headed by datus. In its vicinity could be found numerous scattered very
tiny hamlets, known as mga gamoro in Bisaya, which the Spaniards
identified as rancherias. The datus (whom the Spaniards called
principales) governed the people, regulated tribal life, sustained
customs, and wielded decision- making powers. In return for their
responsibilities and services, measure to geography, the inhabitants
were politically decentralized; the Guiuan society was fragmented.
Thus, begun settlement of the town of Guiuan.
Religious education, the only form of education introduced by the
Spanish colonizers in the place, was a compulsory requirement. To bring
Christian religion closer to the people and to provide them a suitable
place for religious ritual, a huge stonewalled church was built by
voluntarily manual labor. Under the direction of the Jesuits, the edifice
was molded into an ancient architectural beauty that could withstand
centuries of time.
On the political side, a Gobernadorcillo who was assisted by the
Vice Teniente Mayor headed the municipal government. The collection
of taxes was assigned to the Cabezas de barangay who collected taxes
from every male and female 18 to 60 years of age. The townspeople did
not enjoy perfect peace. More pirates from Mindanao conducted raids
from time to time bringing hostages from raided villages. The fact
accounts for the presence of stone forts in town and in neighboring
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barrios. As the police and security measures of the town company

recruits were called from among the local male population.
As early as 1899, changes in the set up of the municipal
government were implemented. By the latter part of that year, a Mayor
was appointed to head the local government. From the first Mayor,
Esteban Austria, down to the late Alejo Guimbaolibot, who held from
1931 to 1939, the town underwent a tremendous improvement. Bridges,
roads, and school buildings were built during this span of time.
The outbreak of the World War II shook, as it did to all places within
its orbit, the town to its very foundation. Well on its way to becoming a
progressive municipality, it suffered a reversal such as only a conflict could
occasion. Having nothing much in town on which to live on, people took to
the mountains to find economic comfort from the soil, which hitherto has
been untouched. Frantic as they were over the worsening economic
conditions people continued to eke a living from whatever source of
subsistence available.
But thats as far as the war has affected the inhabitants of the
town. By some accidents of history, war in its horrible aspect was
virtually unknown in these parts. While other places were having it so
bad, Guiuan was spared from the roar of artillery and tanks, the
wholesale massacre of human beings, the deafening sounds of bombs,
and blood- curdling shrieks of the wounded. In fact it was not until June
28, 1943, that several Japanese soldiers set foot on Guiuan soil. Not as
fearful and brutal as they had been brought into the minds of local
populace, a cordial relation soon existed between the conquered and the
conquerors. Evacuees came down from their mountain abodes, and
resumed a normal urban life.
Except for a few killings of suspected traitors by both Japanese
and guerillas, not a drop of blood was shed needlessly. This made Guiuan
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one of the few places in the islands where World War II did not leave so
many tragic memories.
The first sign of liberation of the town came on Nov. 27, 1944
when a US Navy submarine chaser steamed the harbor for
reconnaissance duty. On Dec. 1, 1944 a fleet of LCTs Liberty Ships and
barges poured into the Guiuan Bay to unload machines that was to
transform Guiuan into one of the biggest naval Base in the Far East at
the time.
By 1945, Guiuan was groaning, as it were, under the weight of
50,000 service men and millions of tons of machines and war
implements. People from provinces all over the archipelago made a
beeline for this southernmost town of Samar all eager to lay their hands
on the liberation spoils.
The surrender of Japan on August 1945 put an abrupt stop to the
rapid expansion of the Guiuan Naval Base.
The deactivation of the Guiuan Naval Base, all surplus properties
were taken over by Surplus Property Commission, an agency of the
National Government created for the purpose. Representatives from the
Commission took over the custody of inventoried properties and sold
them to the highest bidders. That so many influential businessmen got
rich various surplus property transactions is a matter of public
knowledge.
Guiuan shot to the headlines once again when in 1945 to 1951
Tubabao island was chosen to be the site of no less than 6,000 displaced
White Russians from China, Under the care of the World Council of
Churches, the Russian Refugees were sent by the International Refugee
Organization out of China to escape Communist enslavement.
Page 4
The campsite became littered with small stores, of refreshment

parlors, bars and beauty salons. The economic equanimity of the town of
the town has again been disturbed. Business progressed and money
flowed from the foreign consumers to the local merchants. But this
happy stated affair did not last long. For after almost two years, the
refugees sailed for different countries that have been given notice of
their admission.
More than 50 years after the American Liberation, Guiuan has
slowly progressed from sleepy town to a bustling municipality.
Commercial center mushroomed with different kinds of merchandise,
banks began to appear, and nightlife becomes wonderful. Almost every
home has the comforts of modern living.
This is Guiuan on her way to progress.
Page 5
CHAPTER II
GEO-PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
A. Geographical Location
Guiuan occupies the southern tip of Samar Island. It is the
municipality of the province of Eastern Samar and is under the
administrative region of Eastern Visayas (Region 8). It is bounded
in the north by the municipality of Mercedes., on the east by the
Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Surigao Strait, and on the West
by the Leyte Gulf.
The municipality is approximately 112 kilometers south of
Borongan,
the
provincial
capital.
The
municipality
is
geographically located at 125 degrees 54 minutes 23 seconds

latitude and 56 degrees 55 minutes 45 seconds longitude.
It is accessible from Tacloban City, the regional center of
Eastern Visayas, either by sea or land transport. By the sea
transport, one has to take a boat from Tacloban City to Guiuan.
Estimated sailing time is about 6- 7 hours. However, due to the
opening of the South Samar coastal road, passenger motor boats
ceased operation due to the abrupt decrease in passenger
potential.
On
the
other
hand,
going
to
Guiuan
by
land
transportation from Tacloban City takes only about 2- 3 hours

(152km) via the South Samar Coastal Road.
B. Topography
Elevation
Basically, the town has flat terrain with no high grounds
that can be called Extension Mountains. Clustered around and

protecting the southernmost portion of the municipality are
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numerous islands, islets and coves. The scenic beauty of the

natural environs could be seen on the northeast facing 6km.
stretch
of
abbreviated
mountain
ranges
with
intermittent
transverse water gap having its highest elevation at 63, 56 and

52 meters. Altogether these are locally known as Tangdo- an,
Tingtingon and Buro- Buro, respectively. These low, rugged,
remote and forbidding abbreviated mountain ranges of tertiary
and quarternary sediments including limestone, serve as a
natural seawall.
Slope
Generally, the largest portion of the total land area has 3%-
8% slope range described as gently sloping land, this represent

31.63% of the total land area or 5,550.74 hectares. The next
larger area has a 0-3% slope range described as level to very
gently sloping which comprises 3,950.27 hectares and make- up
22.51% of the entire of the municipality. Moderately sloping to
rolling land with a slope range of 8%- 18%comprises 3,250.07
hectares and is 18.52% of the total land area. Steep hills and
mountains with a slope of 30%-50% covers 3,299.21 hectares
representing 18.80% of the entire land while rolling to hilly land
with a slope of 18%- 30% has the least coverage with only
1,498.58 hectares or 8.54% of the total land area.
C. Geology
The Guiuan peninsula constitutes a northwest- southwest
trending landmass at the southern tip of the island of Samar. The
rather straight nature and steep escarpment that characterize the
northeastern coast of the peninsula indicate that the said coast is
fault- controlled. Here, the elevation drops steeply from over
120m to 30m above mean sea level down the coastlines where
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the urban is located. Aside from the escarpment, the northeastern

portion of the peninsula is characterized by a kilometer wide
northwest-
southwest
trending
hills
of
limestone.
The
southwestern portion on the other hand, is characterized by a

rolling topography that gradually slopes downward to the coast.
Rock Formations/Erosion Potential

Considering
the
slope
and
soil
characteristic
of
the
municipality, only about 8.26 or 1,450 hectares are identified to

have severe erosion potential. These areas are usually gullied
with exposed subsoil rocks and subjected to constant cultivation
or space vegetation. These are also forested areas with unstable
soils subjected to landslide, rock side and frequently used dirt
roads.
Soils
There are two major types of soil common in Guiuan, bolina
clay and beach sand. Around 80% of the total surface areas of the
municipality are composed of bolinao clay, and a little 20% are
beach and sand. The parental material bolinao clay is limestone;
the bedrock is compact while the rock and the soil formed is red
to dark brown granular clay. The natural depth ranges from 25 to
50 centimeters. This type of soil is suited to crops. Beach sands
are sporadically located along shorelines and are dominantly
planted to coconut trees.
D. Land Resources
Land Classification
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As reflected in the DENRs LC map No. 3287 the

municipalitys Alienable and Disposable Lands consists a total area
of 4,340 hectares while forest lands covers 13,005 hectares.
Table 1: Land Classification, 1997
Classification
Alienable &
Disposable
Forest Land
TOTAL
Area (Hectares)
4,340
Percent Share
25.02
13,005
17,345
74.98
100
Existing General Land use

The dominant land use is forestland of the Dipterocarp type
including that of Homonhon and Manicani Islands still accounts for

27.34% of the total land area of the municipality.
Table 2: Existing General Land Use
Land Use Categories
Built Up Areas
Agricultural Areas
Forest Areas
Special Land Uses:
Tourism Areas
Mangrove/Swamp
s
Open Grasslands
Mineral Areas
Airport
Total
Existing Land
Area
(in Hectares)
621.4153
6705.0000
4799.0000
5424.3959
(216.0000)
(456.2740)
(4165.4873)
(470.00)
(115.8234)
% to
Total Land Area
17,549.00
100
3.54
38.21
27.34
30.91
(1.23)
(2.60)
(23.74)
(2.67)
(0.67)
Built up Areas
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The built up area includes areas utilized for residential,

commercial, industrial, institutional, open spaces and vacant lots
in the Poblacion and in all barangays.
Urban built areas total to 286.2100 hectares while rural built
up areas covers 335.2053 hectares. The following table is the
breakdown of the built up area in Guiuan:
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Table 3: Existing Built Up Areas

Land Use
Categories
Residential
Commercial
Institutional
Functional Open
Spaces
Parks/Playgro
und
Cemetery
U o Dumpsite
Roads
Total
Existing Land
Area (has.)
% to Total
Land Area
298.7765
27.9015
76.4341
4.0392
(0.4971)
(1.8021)
(1.7400)
% to Total
Built- Up
Areas
48.08
4.49
12.30
0.65
(0.08)
(0.29)
(0.28)
214.264
621.4153
34.48
100
1.22
3.5
1.70
0.16
0.42
0.02
Agricultural Areas
The agricultural land is about 38.21% of the total area.
Coconut plantation covers 88%, the largest portion of agricultural
land while palay`\[t./[ and corn occupies the smallest at 0.4%. The
rest of the areas are planted to root crops, vegetables, fruit trees,
pineapple, coffee, cacao, banana and other crops.
Of the total cropland, only 14.75 hectares or 0.22 percent is
devoted to palay. With an average annual consumption of 100 kg
per capita of rice and an average harvest of 60 cavans per
hectare, the municipality of Guiuan should have 1,300 hectares of
palay land just to be self sufficient. The resident population has
to import more than 99% of the rice requirement from outside.
Forest Areas
The area classified as forestland of the Dipterocarp type
including that of Homonhon and Manicani Islands still accounts for
27.34% of the total land area of the municipality. On these
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forested areas, first and second-class group of hard wood can still
be found. These include Yakal, Magcono, Colipapa, Tiga, and
Bantolinao for first class group found in Homonhon. The secondclass group of hard wood common in Manicani includes Lauan,
Banoyo, Goyakya, Antipolo, Bagotambis and other softwood
products.
The 6 kilometer stretched of abbreviated mountain ranges
with intermittent transverse water gap having its highest elevation
of 63, 56 and 52 meters at the northeast side of the mainland is
also classified under forest areas. These abbreviated mountain
ranges of tertiary and quantenary sediments including limestones
serve as natural seawall. These are locally known as Tangdo-an,
Tingtingon and Buro-buro respectively.
Special Land Uses
This is about 30.91% of the total land area or 5,424.3959
hectares. This consist of the tourism areas,
mangrove/swamp/marshes, open grasslands, airport and mineral
areas.
a. Tourism Areas
The tourism areas of the municipality total to 216.00
hectares. Due to geographic location and natural features of the
municipality it has been endowed with natural tourist attraction.
History also contributed much to the tourism sector in the area.
Historical places and heritage spots are present as well.
Among this tourist attractions are aguing Cave, Dumpao
Paradise Beach, Pearl Island, Sapao Sunrise Resort Beach,
Sulangan Mecca, Sulu-an Lighthouse, Walled Patio, Tubabao Island,
Philippine Radar Station, Guiuan Church Tower, fifteenth Century
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Catholic Church, Magellan Landing Site, American Airport and

American Depot Remnants.
b. Mangrove/Swamps/Marshes
These areas total to 456.2740 hectares or 2.60% of the total
land areas of the municipality.
Being an island and a peninsular municipality, mangrove,
swamps and marshland are naturally present at estuarine areas
along the shores of the Philippine Sea and the Leyte Gulf.
Mangroves provide breeding places for fish and other marine life
that supports the fishing industry in the area both inland and
coastal areas.
c. Open Grasslands
These are areas below 18% slope and are not planted to
crops or not used for inland fishing. Portions of these lands are
used as pasture and grazing. These are idle and unproductive
lands.
Open Grasslands total to 4,165.4873 hectares, which
constitute about 23.74% of the total land area of the municipality.
d. Mineral Areas
Mineral deposits are present in Manicani and Homonhon
Islands. There is an estimated mineral reserve of more than
26.726 million metric tons. Nickel has an estimated reserve of
1.028 million metric tons, Bauxite 25,640 million metric tons,
Titefarous Magnitite has 0.058 while Chromite reserve is not
determined.
e. Airport
Page 13
The airport was built under American Liberation Forces war

specifications. The whole airport area covers a total of 115.8234
hectares or about .67% of the total land area. It includes a 2,084
meters long and 46 meters wide runway. The runway cavernous
hangars, spacious aprons and taxiways once served the famed
13th air force during the WWII. The area can also be considered as
a nucleus of an economic zone that can be developed in that side
of the province.
Urban Land Use Pattern

The Urban area of Guiuan consists of 14 barangays from the
Poblacion areas and 4 adjacent barangays. These are Poblacion

Barangays 01 to 04-A, 05-09-A and 10-12. Adjacent barangays are
barangays Hollywood, Campoyong, Lupok and Salug. These urban
areas have a total land area of 299.354 hectares. They are
situated in the southwestern tip of the peninsula of the
municipality. These areas are bounded on the north by barangay
Cogon and Cagdara-o; on the west by Tubabao Island and portion
of Leyte Gulf, on the east by barangays Cantahay and Dalaragan
and on the south by barangay Bungtod. The whole urban area is
generally built-up and is about 1.69% of the total land area.
Table 4: Existing Urban Land Uses, 2007
Land Use
Categories
Existing
Land Area
(In
Hectares)
Percentage
to Total
Urban Land
Area
Percentage
to Total Land
Area
Page 14
Residential
Commercial
Institutional
Functional Open
Spaces
Parks/Playground
Cemetery
Roads
TOTAL
212.880
27.9015
2.3400
1.21
0.15
0.16
0.01
(0.4441)
(1.8984)
27.6600
71.45
8.89
9.59
0.78
(0.15)
(0.63)
9.29
299.354
100
1.69
It is apparent that urban developments have gone beyond

the urban areas. There is encroachment of urban development to
the nearby barangays, thus, expansion of the urban areas is in
order within the planning period.
E. Mineral Resources
Mineral Reserve
The municipality is rich in mineral resources, which has an
estimated mineral reserve of more than 26,726 million metric

tons. Nickel has an estimated reserve f 1.028, Bauxite, 25.640,
Titaferous magnetite has .058 while Chromite reserve is not
determined.
Table 5: Estimated Metallic, Non- Metallic and Other Mineral
Deposits
Mineral Resources
Estimated Reserve
Status
Page 15
(in million mt)

Nickel
Bauxite
1.028
25.640
Explored/ Mined
Explored/ Unmined
Titaferous Magnetite
.058
Unknown
Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources

F. Coastal Resources
The total protected seascape areas accounts for 60,448 hectares under
Proclamation No. 1801. The rest including the waters of Homonhon are still
undetermined because of undelineated municipal fishing waters.
In the 2007 RSA conducted by Silliman University, the following coral co
nditions were noted:
Sulangan/Ngolos (41 ha) with 55% live coral cover, earning a good rating
Suluan (256 ha) with 31% live coral cover, earning a fair rating
Manicani (151 ha) with 37.5% live coral cover, earning a fair rating.
Page 16
Recent surveys conducted by the LGU team have found the following:
Alingarog Coral Survey Results: 8/3/2011
live hard coral

14%
live soft coral
2%
Sand/rubble
52%
algae
dead coral w/
32%
Alingarog has 16% live coral cover, earning a poor condition

rating. The fishing grounds of Alingarog have been overly exploited with
much evidence of dynamite and cyanide fishing and most
fish measuring less than 5 centimeters.
Victory Coral Survey Results: 8/11/2011
live hard coral

28%
sand / rubbles
43%
dead coral w/
algae
29%
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Manapag Reef Fish Sanctuary, Trinidad, Coral

Survey Results 3/15/12
sand/rubbles live hard coral

42%
42%
dead coral w/
algae
16%
Both Barangay Victory and Barangay Trinidad have 28% live coral cover
, earning a fair rating. In Victory and Trinidad many types of hard corals
can be found as well as a wide variety of fish averaging
10 centimeters or more.
Both Barangay Victory and Barangay Trinidad have 28% live coral cover
, earning a fair rating. In Victory and Trinidad many types of hard corals
can be found as well as a wide variety of fish averaging 10
centimeters or more.
Mangroves:
In the 2011 surveys, community members surveyed a total area of 9.1
hectares. The
survey sites were: Inapulangan 3.9 ha; San Antonio 3.9 ha; and
Alingarog 1.3
hectares.
Throughout the surveys, three species were most often observed: Rhizophora
Apiculata
(bakhaw), Sonoratia Alba (urokoy), andAegigeras corniculatan (sagingsaging).
The areas
surveyed were found to be in good overall condition
Page 18
with dense coverage
throughout,
though species diversity was low, as Rhizophora Apiculata (bakhaw)

dominated all three
survey areas. There was evidence of human impact from cutting seen by surv
eyors, but only in easily accessible areas fringing the sea.
In the Silliman University 2007 RSA, the total areas of mangrove cover o
bserved were: Sulangan 9.9 hatotal area; Bungtod 63 ha total area;
Taytay 6 ha total area; and Manicani 24 ha total area. According to
the data, these areas were densely populated with over 20 species of
mangroves,
and
like
the 2011 surveys, the
Rhizohora species was dominant in almost all survey areas.

Seagrass:
The majority of seagrass areas in Guiuan can be classified as disturbed
beds. These areas are healthy but occupy bays and coves that are near
human settlements. They receive constant impact from human activity
such as slight physical disturbances and various kinds of pollution that
are not severe enough to kill the seagrass. These areas will continue to
function as a habitat and breeding ground for fish despite these Limited
impacts but require conservation attention.
In 2010, the A7 alliance partnered with BFAR to conduct a
biophysical assessment training at the Bagonbanua fish sanctuary. The
assessment teams observed 24% cover of seagrass on the east side of
the islet.
In the Silliman Universitys 2007 RSA, the survey team found the followi
ng:
Sulangan 38 ha with 94% cover
Suluan 140 ha with 87% cover
Ngolos 134 ha with 99.5% cover
Taytay/Barbo/Pagnamitan 134 ha with 62%
Page 19
Manicani 140 ha with 66% cover

The results show the best sea grass beds surveyed in Guiuan to be in S
ulangan and Ngolos.
Climate Change Resiliency:
Climate change resiliency is a new area of programming for LGU
Guiuan. LGUGuiuan has recently been designated as an EcoTown by
the
Climate
Change
Commission,
under
the President. Through this new partnership there is
the
Office
of
potential
to start examining
Guiuans climate change vulnerability, as well as strategies for adaptation.
Zoning and Delineation Status:

The MFO lists the proposed coordinates of Guiuans municipal
water boundaries. These coordinates were produced using the guidelines
given by NAMRIA but are only the proposed coordinates provided by
BFAR, in accordance with DENR Administrative Order 17. At this point
there has been no confirmation with NAMRIA.
The following zones are included in the MFO:
A. Wetlands
B. Fish corrals
C.
Oyster culture beds
D.
Fish sanctuary
E.
Marine reserve/sustainable use zone
F.
Seaweeds farming
G.
Fish cages and fish pens
H.
Sustenance fishing operation
Despite this legislation, however, there is very little active enforcement

of the zones.
Page 20
G. Climate
Guiuan has Type E climate category. It is this type of climate that
is singly influenced by the heavy maximum rainfall occurring after the
autumnal equinox which brought about the out blowing monsoon and
the northeast trade winds being forced to rise and cool as they reached
the eastern highlands from northern Luzon to southern Mindanao, high
sun period on summer embraces the months of April to September. On
the other hand, the low sun period covers the months of October
through March. The town has no pronounced dry season. Rain is
experienced for the most part of the year. Average Annual temperature
is 27.4 C. The coldest month is January, which has a mean temperature
of 28.5 oC average wind velocity is 8 KPH NE.
Page 21
Table 9: Climatic Indicators

Indicators
Average Output of Rainfall
17.1
Number of Rainy Days
205
Mean Temperature
329.6 C
Minimum Temperature
22.0 C
Maximum Temperature
36.0 C
Source: PAG-ASA
H. Natural Hazards/ Constraints
Flooding and Rain Induced Landslide

Due to its generally flat terrain and based on the hazard mapping
conducted by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau in July 2009, the

municipality is generally safe and not at risk to flooding hazard.
However, few of its barangays are susceptible to rain-induced landslides.
Most
highly
susceptible
susceptible
are
Pagbabangnan,
is
barangay
Inapulangan,
moderately
Habag,
Canawayon,
Casuguran,
barangays
Cagusu-an
and
some
parts
of
Calico-an
Island
particularly in Barangay Ngolos and Baras, low susceptible are the

mainland barangays.
Tsunami
The geographical location of Guiuan, where most are coastal
barangays and facing the Pacific Ocean, makes it highly susceptible to

tsunami hazard. There have been recorded tsunami occurrences in the
province in 1960, 1975 and 1995, which only shows that the province is
not free from this kind of disaster.
All incidents were triggered by a
strong ground shaking (earthquake), which were followed by a series of

waves that reached higher than a persons height. Areas most
susceptible to tsunami are Barangay Sapao, Casuguran, Cagusu-an and
the whole of Calico-an island, all other coastal areas are susceptible to
Page 22
tsunami hazard and those that are within 5m distance from the shoreline
since tsunami could reach as far as that distance.
Page 23
CHAPTER III
POPULATION AND SOCIAL PROFILE

Social Composition and Characteristics
Population Size and Growth Rate
Guiuan is the second largest populated municipality in the Province of

Eastern Samar. In 2009, total population reached 47,161 for the sixty
barangays. From the total population, 70% live in the coastal barangays. The
National Statistics Office (NSO) recorded 39,194 total population in the year
2000 while the 2004 Rapid Appraisal conducted by the municipality registered
43, 647 inhabitants.
In the ensuing year 2010, the NSO disclosed a total
population of 47,037. The average annual growth rate (AGR) from 1995 to
2007 was 1.88 while from 1995-2004, the AGR was 2.58.
Table 10: Comparison of Total Population
BARANGAY
Alingarog
Bagua
Banaag
Banahao
Baras
Barbo
Bitaugan
Bungtod
Bucao
Buenavista
Cagdara-o
Cagusu-an
Camparang
Campoyong
Canawayon
Cantahay
Casuguran
Cogon
Culasi
2004
PRA
2006
(CBMS)
326
447
412
411
1,181
598
438
835
195
594
347
731
398
1385
333
890
871
1128
430
323
448
378
436
1,234
588
429
939
184
498
442
703
371
1,507
328
955
888
894
444
2007
(NSO)
343
441
365
408
1,283
619
481
893
191
546
431
722
371
1,553
315
1,015
958
964
389
2009
(CBMS)
321
349
370
523
1,382
588
454
964
179
582
452
647
419
804
390
959
933
1,040
460
2010
(NSO)
343
456
395
470
1407
624
417
975
191
531
469
568
441
1604
371
1118
921
1146
439
TOTAL NO. of
HOUSEHOLDS
(2009)
81
82
78
109
293
121
111
189
48
127
96
149
94
311
74
214
185
222
93
Page 24
Dalaragan
Pob Brgy 10
Pob Brgy 9-A
Gahoy
Habag
Hagna
Hollywood
Hamorawon
Inapulangan
Poblacion Brgy 4-A
Lupok (Pob.)
Mayana
Ngolos
Pagbabangnan
Pagnamitan
Poblacion Brgy 1
Poblacion Brgy 2
Poblacion Brgy 11
Poblacion Brgy 12
Poblacion Brgy 3
Poblacion Brgy 4
Poblacion Brgy 5
Poblacion Brgy 6
Poblacion Brgy 7
Poblacion Brgy 8
Poblacion Brgy 9
Salug
San Antonio
San Jose
San Pedro
Sapao
Sulangan
Suluan
Surok
Taytay
Timala
Trinidad
Victory Island
San Juan
Santo Nio
Tagporo
TOTAL
336
668
430
671
395
373
1977
513
606
258
676
477
1,268
396
369
1,929
520
573
263
648
508
576
366
344
1,973
538
559
710
2007
482
988
535
594
490
302
729
481
368
836
315
1393
672
1644
598
1178
228
456
545
905
3708
1346
1012
743
444
374
562
446
258
379
43647
626
1,930
494
932
267
523
398
263
620
443
356
841
357
1,246
719
1,918
521
1,225
229
445
519
888
3,155
1,379
1,215
822
376
400
580
363
470
372
43347
320
2,095
433
1,098
494
482
377
282
693
393
290
990
371
1,674
730
2,086
576
1,003
219
387
474
732
3,337
1,496
1,149
792
372
386
573
473
307
322
43469
249
716
512
2104
384
378
2137
549
561
411
466
685
391
401
1893
512
589
643
71
133
95
151
91
84
385
121
129
105
2260
479
552
450
558
398
365
753
457
330
958
400
1619
784
3356
556
1026
216
446
584
811
3,600
1444
1270
834
436
428
669
403
504
398
2113
519
1247
525
535
462
291
861
486
355
819
365
1886
820
2157
574
1276
219
462
528
961
3597
1637
1118
842
391
470
722
491
375
403
411
102
235
113
121
78
62
144
104
75
193
79
319
165
552
115
275
55
94
120
202
732
351
241
169
93
86
114
88
121
91
47161
47037
9742
352
622
Growth of Barangay Population
Page 25
Table 11: Historical Growth Rate of Population 19452010

Year
1945
1960
1970
1975
1980
1990
1995
2000
2004 (PRA)
2006 (CBMS)
2007
2009
2010
Source:
Actual
27202
Populatio
22881
26529
28709
30689
33825
35447
39194
43647
43,347
43,469
47,161
47,037
Increase
-4321
3648
2180
1980
3136
1622
3747
4453
-300
Average Annual
- Rate
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
3
-0.34
0.28
NSO, CBMS Survey and PRA
Population Density
The gross density in Guiuan in 2009 is still 2 persons per hectare.
Urban density in is 57 persons per hectare. Barangay 06 (urban

barangay) has still the highest density of 446 persons per hectare, while
the least dense is in Homonhon Island with 2.58 hectares per person.
Household Distribution
The total number of household in Guiuan per CBMS survey in
2006 was 8992; just a little lower than the 8992 count in 2006. There
was only a slight increase in total population. Average household size
remained at 5 persons per household though.
Barangay Hollywood
which has the highest average household members of 6.3 in the 2004
PRA now dipped at 5 persons per household. CBMS survey showed two
small barangays holding the record of 6 persons per household namely,
Brgy Victory Island and Brgy 4-A while Barangays Banahao and Bucao
who had the least average of 3.61 climbed to 4 persons per household.
Urban Rural Distribution
Page 26
The population of the municipality is generally concentrated in

rural areas. The rural population is 62.92% while remaining 37.08%
urban population is found in the 14 Poblacion barangays and 4 adjacent
communities.
Age Sex Distribution
The male population of Guiuan in 2006 totaled to 22, 455

persons while the female population was 20, 892. The male- tofemale ration in all 60 barangays was 107 males for every 100
females.
Table 12: Population By Age Group, By Sex
Age Group
2004
Both
Male
All ages
43647 S 22129
Under 1
1397
698
1-4
5150
2619
5-9
6067
3012
10-14
5543
2750
Total Pop 0- 14 18157 9079
15-19
4016
2139
20-24
2837
1484
25-29
2837
1484
30-34
2619
1353
35-39
2357
1222
40-44
1920
1004
45-49
1833
960
50-54
1615
742
55-59
1484
698
60-64
1309
611
Total Pop 1522915 11741
65-69 64
960
436
70-74
786
393
75-79
436
218
80-84
262
131
85 years and
131
44
Total Pop
1222
over65 & 2575
Economically
22915
11741
over
Active
Female
21518
698
2532
3055
2793
9079
1877
1353
1353
1266
1135
917
873
873
786
698
11174
524
393
218
131
87
1353
11174
Both
43347Se
1397
5150
6067
5543
18157
4016
2837
2837
2619
2357
1920
1833
1615
1484
1309
22915
960
786
436
262
131
2575
22915
2006
Male
22455
698
2619
3012
2750
9079
2139
1484
1484
1353
1222
1004
960
742
698
611
11741
436
393
218
131
44
1222
11741
Female
20892
698
2532
3055
2793
9079
1877
1353
1353
1266
1135
917
873
873
786
698
11174
524
393
218
131
87
1353
11174
Page 27
Economically
Dependent
20732
10301
10432
20732
10301
10432
Total Pop. 5 yrs

& over
33315
17089
16226
37100
18725
18375
Source: CBMS
Age Structure and Dependency Ratio

More than one half of the population (52.5%) were in the
economically active group (15- 64 years of age), 41.6% were under 15

years of age and only 5.9% were 65 years of age and above.
The dependency ratio of the population for 2006 was 91%. This
means that every 100 persons in the working age group of 15- 64 years
old had 91 dependents. The female has 50.3% and 48.8% dependent
and economically active population, respectively.
Table 13: Comparative Age & Economic Dependency Ratio: 2006
Age Group
Total Population
Percentage
15-64
22915
52.50
65 over
2275
5.90
TOTAL
43347
100.00
Table 14: Distribution of Dependent & Economically Active Population:

2006
Sex
Male
Female
Depende
nt
Populati
Percent
Share
Economically
Active Pop.
Percent
Share
10301
49.7
11741
51.2
10432
50.3
11174
48.8
93.36
100
22915
100.00
90.48
20732
Both
Source: CBMS 2006
Dependenc
y
Ratio
87.73
Overseas Contract Worker

For the year 2003, OCWs/ Overseas Contract Workers totaled to
403, which is 1.04% of the total population.

Page 28
Table 15: Overseas Contract Workers Per Barangay

BARANGAY
1. Alingarog
2. Bagua
3. Banaag
4. Banahao
5. Baras
6. Barbo
7. Bitaugan
8. Bucao
9. Buenavista
10.Bungtod
11.Cagdarao
12. Cagusuan
13. Camparang
14. Campoyong
15. Canawayon
16. Cantahay
17. Casuguran
18. Cogon
19. Culasi
20. Dalaragan
21. Gahoy
22. Habag
23. Hagna
24. Hamor- awon
25. Hollywood
26. Inapulangan
27. Lupok
28. Mayana
29. Ngolos
30. Pagbabangnan
31. Pagnamitan
32. Poblacion Brgy 01
34. POblacion Brgy 03
35. POblacion Brgy 04
36. Poblacion Brgy 4a
NUMBER OF OCWs
24
8
2
18
8
6
5
10
15
5
10
3
3
20
11
11
7
2
9
4
3
10
5
10
4
10
3
11
21
10
8
10
9
10
13
12
25
15
Page 29
42. Poblacion Brgy

43. Poblacion Brgy
44. Poblacion Brgy
45. Poblacion Brgy
46. Salug
47. Sapao
48. San Antonio
49. San Jose
50. San Juan
51. San Pedro
52. Sto. Nio
53. Sulangan
54. Sulu- an
55. Surok
56. Tagporo
57. Taytay
58. Timala
59. Trinidad
60. Victory
TOTAL
09-a
10
11
12
4
42
14
16
10
10
10
10
2
7
5
144
17
10
7
5
5
5
5
709
Marital Status
For 2006, the married and single population is 49.48% and
42.65%, respectively. There is a slight difference between male and

female population for the period and single groups. However, there are
more males who have a live in status than female.
Table No. 16: Distribution Of Household Population 10 Years Old &
Over
By Civil Status, 2006
Civil Status
Number
Percent
Single
13236
42.65
Married
15355
49.48
1682
5.42
Separated/ Divorced
186
0.60
Common Law/ Live- in
552
1.78
22
.07
Widowed
Unknown
Page 30
TOTAL
31033
100.00
Source: CBMS 2006

More than one half of the population (52.5%) were in the
economically active group (15- 64 years of age), 41.6% were under 15
years of age and only 5.9% were 65 years of age and above.
Present Status of Well-being

A. Health
Health Personnel and Facilities, Public and Private

Among the health facilities of the municipality in 2009 were: 4
hospitals, 2 government and 2 private; 11 Barangays Health Stations

and 2 Main Health Centers and 4 private health clinics.
Government
hospitals include one-district hospital and one community hospital. All

four hospitals had a total bed capacity of 102, which showed a bed to
population ratio of 1:426 using the 2007 population.
Table 17: Health Personnel and Facilities, Public and Private,

2009
Facilities
Hospitals
Health Centers
Barangay Health Stations
Clinics
Personnel
Physicians
Dentists
Midwives
Medtechs
Nurses
Government
2
2
11
Private
2
4
8
15
6
26
12
6
Mortality and Morbidity
Page 31
From
among
the
ten
leading
causes
of
mortality
in
the
municipality during the year, Pneumonia ranked number one followed by

cancer (all forms) and myocardial infraction. Other leading causes were
HPN, Influenza, URTI, Scabies, TB, Respiratory, Impetigo and Abscess.
Major causes of morbidity during the year include Bronchitis,
Diarrhea, Pneumonia, HPN, Influenza, URTI, Scabies, TB, Respiratory,
Impetigo, Abscess.
Ten Leading Causes Of Morbidity (All Ages)
(As of December, 2009)
1. Bronchitis
2. Diarrhea
3. Pneumonia
4. HPN
5. Influenza
6. URTI
7. Scabies
8. TB, Respiratory
9. Impetigo
10.Abscess
Ten Leading Causes Of Mortality (All Ages)
(As of December, 2009)
1. Pneumonia
2. Cancer (all forms)
3. Myocardial Infraction
4. CVA
5. Septicemia
6. HCVD
7. COPD
8. Renal Failure
9. Meningitis
10.CHF VA
Nutritional Status
Table 17: Nutritional Status, As of December, 2009
RHU1
RHU2
Total
BNL
BNVL
TOTAL Wd
729
232
961
76
22
98
4,393
1,987
6,380
%
Nationa
Malnut
l
rition
18%
24%
12.7%
16.5 %
Source: RHU
Page 32
Family Planning Services
o
o
o
o
o
FP counselling/motivation on all methods

Pills Dispensing
IUD Insertion
DMPA Injection
FP follow-up
Other Health Statistical Data
Total Number Of Births (2008):
Total Number Of Deaths:
Total Number Of Infant Deaths:
Total Number Of Neo-Natal Deaths
Total Number Of Deaths (50 Years Old)
Total Number Of Deaths With Medical Attendance
1050
269
14
50
Records from the Rural Health Unit of municipality showed a

fluctuating pattern on Crude Birth Rate and Crude Death Rate. Crude
birth rate has decreased from 29 percent per 1,000 population in 2004
to 23 percent per 1,000 population in 2009. Crude death rate has
increased from 2.19 per 1,000 population in 2004 to 6 per 1,000
population in 2009. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) has likewise
increased from .35 per 1,000 live births in 2004 to 1 in 2009. Infant
Mortality Rate (IMR) has an alarming increase from 0 in 2004 to 13 per
1,000 live births in 2009.
Table 15: Comparative Vital Health Statistics
2001
2002
2003
2004
2009
26.18
30
31
29
23
Crude Death Rate
5.11
5.7
2.19
Maternal Mortality
.6
0.35
Crude Birth Rate
Page 33
Rate
0.05
.2
1.8
13
Infant Mortality Rate
B. Social Welfare
Social welfare programs and services available

-
Number of types of clientele

-
Community Volunteer Resource Development

Parent Effectiveness Service
Empowerment & Reaffirmation of Paternal Abilities
Marriage Counseling/PMC
Practical Skills Development
Self-Employment Assistance
Early Childhood Care & Development
Protective Service for CNSP
Educational Assistance
Organization of Pag-Asa Youth Association
Life Skills Development
Social Enhancement Service for the Elderly
Vocational Skills Training
Disability Prevention
Assistance for Physical Restoration
After Care & Follow-up
Aid to Individuals in Crisis Situation
Emergency Shelter Assistance
Disaster Relief
Food For School
Food For Work
Crisis Incidence Stress Debriefing
Families
Children
Youth
Women
- Elderly
- Disabled Persons
- Other Adults
Number and location of day care centers (2009)
Guiuan have 48 Day Care Centers in all distributed to the following

barangays:
1. Brgy. 04
13. Bucao
25. Habag
37. Sapao
Page 34
2. Brgy.
San Antonio
14. Buenvista
3. Brgy. 06
15. Bungtod
4. Brgy. 08
40. San Juan
16. Cagusu-an
5. Brgy. 12
17. Camparang
26. Hagna
27. Hamor-awon
18. Campoyong
7. Bagua
Sulu-an
19. Canawayon
39. San Jose
28. Hollywood
29. Inapulangan
6. Alingarog
38.
41. San Pedro
30. Lupok
42. Sulangan
31. Mayana
43.
8. Banaag
20. Cantahay
32. Ngolos
9. Banahao
21. Casuguran
33. Pagbabangnan 45. Taytay
10. Baras
22. Cogo
34. Pagnamitan
46. Timala
11. Barbo
23. Culasi
35. Pagnamitan
47. Trinidad
36. Surok
48. Victory
12. Bitaugan 24. Gahoy
44. Tagporo
C. Education
Educational Attainment and Literacy Rate

The municipality of Guiuan has a literacy rate of 98.23 percent in
2006, which ranked third in literacy for the entire province of Eastern
Samar. The rate increased from 93.3 in 2000. The 51.37 percent of the
total household population in 2006 that comprised the population of the
aged group 5- years old and over have attended or completed
elementary education, while 22. 48 percent reached or completed high
school. Academic/ baccalaureate degree holders accounted for 7.08
percent of the total household population.
Enrolment
For school year 2004- 2005, total enrolment for elementary level
10,784 while that of the secondary level was 3,888. Enrolment in the
tertiary level reached up to 815. 452 were male, 363 were female, with
27 male teachers and 45 females ones. There were 55 classrooms for
the tertiary level.
Page 35
Number and Location of Schools

There are 42 elementary schools at present: one (1) private and
the rest are public schools. From these schools 28 were complete
elementary while 14 were incomplete. Most of the incomplete
elementary schools were located in small barangays with small number
of enrollees.
Number of Teachers
In SY 2004-2005, total number of secondary school teachers was

92 while elementary public school teachers totaled to 279.
School-age population and Participation Rate

Per CBMS survey 1n 2006, there were 8,318 children aged 6-12
and 1,588 or 19.09% were not attending elementary school, from the
elementary out-of-school children 55.6% were boys and 44.4% were
girls. Children aged 13-16 totaled to 4,282 where 1,533 or 35.8% were
not attending secondary school. From these out-of-school children, 62%
were male and 38% were female.
Table 41
Total Enrolment, Teacher and Classroom per District: SY 2006-2007
Enrolment
District
Male
Female
Number
of
Teachers
Guiuan East
2,180
2,167
1:36
101
1:46
Guiuan
1,523
1,433
1:41
64
1:46
1,790
1,691
1:39
80
1:43
5,493
5,291
279
245
North
Total
Number of ClassroomClassroom Pupil Ratio
Page 36
Table42: Enrolment By Year Level

Secondary Level
Year Level
SY 20052006
SY 2006-2007
1,084
1,015
982
1,013
1,020
981
705
879
3,791
3,888
First Year
Second Year
Third Year
Fourth Year
TOTAL
Source: Schools
Table 43: Enrolment by Grade & Sex

Elementary Level
Grade Level
Guiuan East
District
Grade 1
Grade II
2005-2006
2006-2007
Male
Female
Male
Female
360
345
476
425
321
304
353
377
Page 37
Grade III
306
305
391
362
Grade IV
295
302
326
357
Grade V
257
259
318
334
Grade VI
251
242
316
312
Sub-Total
1,790
1,755
2,180
2,176
370
304
391
351
294
269
348
318
267
240
307
291
258
114
268
160
227
250
259
243
225
214
217
228
1,641
1,391
1,790
1,691
256
207
277
239
225
231
255
222
271
244
246
243
200
205
283
257
223
232
207
218
208
209
255
254
Sub-Total
1,383
1,328
1,523
1,433
Grand Total
4,814
4,745
5,593
5,291
Guiuan North
District
Grade I
Grade II
Grade III
Grade IV
Grade V
Grade VI
Sub-Total
Guiuan South
District
Grade I
Grade II
Grade III
Grade IV
Grade V
Grade VI
Source: Schools
Page 38
Table 44: Enrolment by School

Secondary Level
School
2007-2008
2008-2009
No. of
Teachers
Male Female Male Female Male
Femal
No. of
Classroom
s
e
Guiuan Natl. HS
776
877
717
831
10
26
28
Homonhon Natl. HS
205
152
241
194
St. Marys Academy of 230

Guiuan
122
Immaculate Conception
37
Sch.
302
262
317
12
96
143
128
10
35
56
50
197
235
228
228
167
159
200
198
27
64
80
Sulu-an Integrated
School
Sulangan National HS
Taytay Integrated School

Total
1779 1930 1886 2002
Page 39
D. Employment and Income

Per CBMS survey, population of 10 years old and above in the
municipality consisted of 32,159 persons or 74.19% of the total
population of 43,347, 50.85% are in the labor force or 16, 353 while
25.81% of the total population are not in the labor force.
Employment Rate
During the same year, the number of employed persons totaled
to 13,546 or an employment rate of 82.83%. There were 2,807 persons

who were in the labor force but were unemployed which correspond to
17.17% unemployment rate.
Table 17: Labor Force and Employment Status of Household

Population
10 years old and over, 2006
Population 10 years old and
32,159
over
Labor Force
16,353
Employed
13,546
Unemployed
2,807
Unemployment Rate
17.17
Source: CBMS
E. Protective Services
The total number of PNP member is 27 as of the recent year,
2009 bringing the ratio of policemen to total population t 1 policeman
for every 1,647 population. The ratio still does not meet the standard
requirement of 1 policeman for every 1,000 population.
Peace and order situation in the municipality remains at a
manageable level. Syndicates and other organized crimes are absent in
the area. There were no reported cases on insurgency problems during
Page 40
the report year. Illegal activities however were present but at a

manageable level and these include illegal gambling, illegal fishing, and
illegal logging. Intensification of police patrol and monitoring activities
was one of the strategies being implemented to combat at these
problems.
With the support of the community and the religious compliance
and execution of Police Visibility Program, crime rate is expected to go
down.
Types and volume of crime in the LGU ( January November 10, 2009)
Index crime
Murder
Frustrated Murder
Alarm & Scandal
Frustrated Homicide Sr. Physical Injuries Attempted Murder
Qualified theft
Direct Assault
Rape
Attempted Rape
Theft
Grave Threats
Robbery
Less Physical Injuries -
Non-Index Crime
3
4
3
3
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
Illegal Fishing
Illegal Gambling
Illegal Logging
Viol. of R.A. 7942
Estafa
BP Bldg. 06
R.A. 7610
R.A. 9262
3
3
3
1
1
2
1
1
Crime Volume
During the year, a total of 41 crime incidents were reported.
Fire-fighting personnel and facilities

The municipalitys fire station is manned with eight (8) firemen
equipped with one (1) unit, fire-extinguisher and water from GWD.
Occurrence of fire and response time

Occurrence of fire during the report year was rare and response
time was 15 minutes.
Page 41
Page 42
CHAPTER IV LOCAL ECONOMY

Structure of the Local Economy
A. The Primary Sector
Agricultural Crops
Agricultural Croplands
In 2007, land planted to coconut was approximately 5,900.4
hectares. Banana covers 289.66 hectares, vegetables, pineapple and

corn, 101.63 hectares.
Rain fed and upland palay was estimated at
14.75 hectares situated at Barangays in Homonhon and Tubabao Islands.

Rootcrops including cassava, camote, ubi and gabi was estimated to
cover 202.49 hectares of land. Fruit trees have an estimated area of
100.58 hectares.
Coconut plantation covers 88%, the largest portion of agricultural
land while palay occupies the smallest at .22%
Page 43
Table 30
AGRICULTURAL LANDS: 2007
Agri- land
Area in hectares
Percent
- Rice
14.75
0.22
-Corn
11.39
0.17
-Vegetables
57.66
0.86
-Rootcrops
202.49
3.02
-Banana
289.66
4.32
-Fruit Trees
100.58
1.50
5900.4
88.00
4.69
0.07
32.18
0.48
Total Croplands
6613.81
98.64
2. Pasture Land
91.19
1.36
6705.00
100.00
1. Cropland
1.1 Food Crops
1.2. Commercial
Crops
- Coconut
- Coffee. Cacao
- Pineapple
TOTAL
Source: PRA, 2004
Livestock and Poultry

o Number and volume of production by type of livestock and poultry
o Livestock and Poultry Production Consumption Relationship
Fisheries
o Inland Fisheries
Page 44
o Municipal Fisheries
o Commercial Fisheries
Food Self-sufficiency Assessment
Forestry
o Forest-based production activities
o Type and volume of production
Agricultural Support Facilities
o Production Support Facilities
o Post-harvest Facilities
B. The Secondary Sector
Manufacturing
Construction
Mining and Quarrying
Electricity, gas and Water
C. The Tertiary Sector
Financial Institutions
Wholesale and Retail Trade
Transportation and Communications
Personal Services(e.g. beauty parlors, dress and tailoring shops, piano/
photo studios, funeral parlors, etc.)
Community services (janitorial and security services, courier services, etc.)
CHAPTER V INFRASTRUCTURE/ UTILITIES/ FACILITIES
Inventory of Roads by classification (Barangay, City/ Municipal, Provincial and

National), length and type of pavement (concrete, asphalt, gravel and earth)
Inventory of Bridges by classification (Barangay, City/ Municipal, Provincial and
National), length, type of construction
Irrigation System
Flood Control and Drainage Facilities, by location, type of facility (group riprapping, concrete lining, etc.), length, width, thickness
Domestic Water Supply

Electric Power Supply
Transport Facilities
Communication Facilities
Waste Disposal System
Port
Municipal/ City Cemetery
Slaughterhouse
Public Market
Page 45
CHAPTER VI LOCAL INSTITUTIONAL CAPABILITY
Administrative Structure
As of December 2004, the municipal government has employed a
total of 124 personnel. The Municipal Treasurers Office has the biggest
number of personnel which accounts for 16.37% of the total number of
municipal
government
employees.
The
next
biggest
number
of
personnel is the office of the Sangguniang Bayan followed by the Rural

Health Unit. Other big offices in terms of personnel are the Municipal
Engineers Office, Municipal Accountants Office and the Economic
enterprise and Development Office.
Of the total number of officials and employees, 12 hold elective
positions, 1 temporary appointment and the rest are permanent
employees holding career positions.
Table 17: Distribution of Administrative Personnel According to Status
of Appointments,2007
Name of Office
Number of
Percent
Personnel
Share
Page 46
1. Office of the Municipal Mayor
10
2. Sangguniang Bayan/Secretary
20
3. Municipal Treasurers Office
19
4. Municipal Assessors Office
5. Municipal Budget Office
6. Municipal Social Welfare & Development

Office
7. Rural Health Unit
13
8. Office of the Municipal Agricultural

Services
9. Municipal Engineers Office
10. Municipal Planning & Development

Office
11. Municipal Accountants Office
10
12. Economic Enterprise Development &

Mgt. Office
11
13. Municipal Civil Registrars Office
14. Municipal General Services Office
TOTAL
124
100
Of the total number of official and employees, 12 hold elective

positions, 1 temporary appointments and the rest are permanent
employees holding career positions.
Table 18: Distribution of Administrative Personnel According to Status
of Appointment, 2007
Status of Appointments
Office
1.Office of the
Municipal
2.Sangguniang
Bayan/Secret
3.Municipal
Permanen Cotermino Temporar Electiv

Total
us
8 t
1 y
1 e10
4
19
11
15
19
Treasurers
Page 47
4.Municipal
Assessors
5.Municipal
Budget
6.Mun.Office
Soocial
16
16
Agriculture
9.Municiopal
12
12
Engineers
10.Mun.
Planning &
10
10
Devt Office
11.Mun.
10
10
12.Eco.Accountants
Enterprise
11
11
Devt.
13.Mun.
Civil Mgt.
Registrars
14.Mun.
General
7.RuralWelfare
Health &
Unit
8..Office of the Mun.
Services
Total
111
12 124
Source: HRMO
Elected Official
The municipalitys set of municipal officials as of the 2007
elections are: Mayor is Hon. Annaliza P. Gonzales-Kwan, a CPA by

profession. Hon. Jonas B. Abuda is the towns new Vice-mayor and
presiding officer, a former member of Sangguniang Bayan.
The members of the Sangguniang Bayan are: Gorgonio Cabacaba;
Rogelio O. Cablao; Claro Ramiro Garado; Nestorio O. Cablao; Constancio
Opana; Susana Lourdes B. Gaylon; Oscar Lopez; Paulito Bayon; ABC
President is Mark Pol Gonzales and Nia Briones is the SK Federation
President.
All local elective officials have a fixed three-year term.
Civil Society
Non-government
Cooperative
are
Organization,
partners
of
the
Peoples
municipal
Organizations
government
in
and
the
development of the town. They extend varied services in the field of

Page 48
environment, livelihood, enterprise development, health care and

sanitation, policy advocacy/local governance, marketing and trade,
credit financing and other development activities.
Investment Priorities
Public-Private Investment
The private sector has greater resources than the government
sector that need to be tapped. These private resources should be
directed to economic growth and expending investment opportunities
that will ensure benefits to the poor e.g. employment opportunities that
will address the low employment rate of the municipality. In the next
three years, the following investment areas that necessitate private
partnership and are expected to generate more or less 1,000 jobs/
employment for the municipality are:
Area Specific
2.1 Central Business District
CBD1 Areas presently occupied by the public market at

barangay 7,6,5,3 & 1 extending west of Nicolas St., towards the Jetty
and the fish landing.
Upgrading/ enhancement of operation of the public market and

construction of new market building subject to the minimum
standards as to floor area, facilities and provision of greenbelts as set
by the municipal government;
CBD2 Areas inside the block bounded by Loyola St. on the east,
Cotin Drive on the west, Managantan St. on the north and San Francisco
St. on the south.
Construction and operation of new hotels qualifying under the

standard class or better category, upgrading of existing hotels,
Page 49
lodging houses to Standard Class or better, construction and

operation of new commercial center complexes;
Operation of multi-level car parks of gymnasium/sports complex
Upgrading
2.2 Tourism Zone
This shall comprise the areas covered by eastern barangays Sapao,
Baras, Taytay, Barbo, Pagnamitan, Ngolos and Sulangan.
Accomodation- Business hotel & resort development

Restaurant
Tour operators and outfitters
Water sports and other recreational fecilities
Transportation especially Water transport
Souvenir shops
3. Special Economic Zone

The zone will cover the airport and immediately adjacent areas
centrally located in between barangay boundaries of Cantahay, Tyatay,
and Sapao.
Agro-processing complexes utilizing locally produced farm products

(lemon juice production, integrated coconut processing)
Labor-Intensive Projects
Investments resulting in the employment of
the
following
minimum number of rank-and file employees for a continuos period of

at least 6 months:
Category
Total Project Cost
No.of Rank & File

Employees
Micro &
Up to 1.5M
More than P1.5 to
10-99
Cottage
Small
Page 50
P15M
Medium
More than P1.5M to
100-199
P60M
Large
More than P60M
200 or more
Value extensive investments which result in products with a local raw

materials content (materials coming from Guiuan) of at least 60% in
volume or in value:
1. aqua feed mill
2. fish processing
3. food processing (remas and cassava chips)
4. sea weeds processing
5. abalone processing
Bus terminal
Airport
4. Agri-support Zone
Covers barangays Lupok and Red Soil Area
Construction of support facilities and amenities for agro processing
Non Area Specific

2.3 Joint Agri-business Ventures
Investments by enterprises made of a fishermens/farmers

association
or
cooperative
contributing
aqua
and
marine
based
resources- and a partner firm- contributing technology, managerial

Page 51
expertise, market linkages and capital- resulting in the integration and

modernization of fish/crop production, processing and marketing.
Aqua and mariculture development

Seaweeds and abalone processing
Fish processing and marketing
Food processing remas and rootcrops
Agro- processing complexes utilizing locally produced farm products
(lemon juice production, integrated coconut processing), coco oil
mills
Feed mill
Seaport development
Fish water transport
2.4 Blue (Water) and Green (land) Investments
Blue Investments covers enterprises that do not necessarily have new

investment or expansion plans, but would like to be involved in Guiuans aquamarine conservation programs.
Marine Parks established

Marine based scientific stuidy
Pearl and Oyster Culture
Reef Protection
Mangrove Fish Sanctuary
Cleaning of rivers, swamps & estuarine areas
Mangrove Replanting
This covers enterprises that do not necessarily have new investments or

expansion plans, but would like to be involved in Guiuans greening and
beautification efforts.
Repainting painting, by an existing enterprise, of all portions of its

building or other structures which are visible, or will be visible, to the
public and its clientele in the course of the conduct of its normal
business operation.
Landscaping- landscaping of the premises of an existing enterprise or
any of the following:
Areas identified with historical value; or

Page 52
Public open spaces, especially in commercial areas, including

street islands, parks, promenades, parking area peripheries and
in wide sidewalks as may be suitable.
Planting of trees in any of the following areas:
At the frontage of an enterprises place of business;

Within 20 meters of the seashore area
Residual forest areas;
Areas identified with historical value;
Areas of high biodiversity;
Eroded slopes; or
Public open spaces especially in residential and commercial
areas, including street islands, parks, promentades, parking area
peripheries and in wide sidewalks, as may be suitable.
Community Managed Local Economic Enterprise

Complementing the public- private investment partnership is a
Community Managed Local Economic Enterprise. This is aimed at
increasing capacities of the populace to meet the basic needs for health,
education and shelter by expanding their income opportunities (which
cannot be provided by the private investments).
Central to this strategy is the accumulation of local capitals
through a BAYANIHAN SAVINGS PROGRAM (a modified replication of
DILGs model for Bayanihan Savings). This is a sectoral saving to raise
capital for local economic enterprise that will be matched by the
municipalitys rural financing program- (modified Grameen Type of Credit
Scheme) - in a 1:2 ratio (for every Php1 savings a credit grant of Php2
shall be given ) and, health savings that will be allocated for health
emergency needs of the members. This strategy has been started
already in Guiuan having 3 barangays as pilot areas.
Bayanihan savings group(Sectoral in nature) shall be formed as
economic group to manage a local economic enterprise in the following
impact priority projects:
1. Aqua-mariculture development projects highlighting products
with high commercial values such as sea weeds, abalone, lapulapu, pearl & oyster and others of commercial importance shall
be pursued in Barangays Bungtod, Campoyong, Sto Nio ,
Cagdarao, Bucao, Alingarog, San Juan, San Pedro, San Antonio,
Camparang & Trinidad.
2. Crops & Product Diversification
Page 53
2.1.
Coco Based Farming

2.1.1. Coco-based product diversification projects in the Red soil
areas comprising of 7 barangays. Some possibilities for
coco processing include copra oil, copra into soap, coconut
meat into; coconut water into vinegar, coconut shell into
coco charcoal; and coconut husk into coco fiber.
The technologies for the options cited are in the place. The
advantage of processing coconut on farm can generate
more employment. By products like ogimas can be used
as feeds to livestock and coir dust can be made into quality
compost and applied back to the soil as organic fertilizer
Selling copra directly to the exporters or oil factories Red
Soil Group
Direct marketing requires large storage for copra, interim
financing from where farmers could draw partial payment
while waiting for the actual sale of their produce and
personnel to manage the marketing related activities. This
can be best taken cared of though cooperative.
2.1.2. Complementary to increasing the unit price of copra
through direct marketing and the value added approach to
increase income as in on farm processing is maximizing the
productivity of coconut land. Growing of compatible fruit
trees such as rambutan, lanzones., coffee, cacao, banana,
breadfruit, jackfruit is one feature of multicropping system
that can be adopted. This can be adopted across the islands
of Guiuan with large coconut land.
2.2. Fruit Tree Based Farming- is recommended for Homonhon Island

with pioneering fruit trees such as rambutan, lanzones, mango, and
jack fruits, among others. Capital investments shall be directed to
the development of forward linkages such processing potential for
citrus to increase the value of fruit products in Homonhon Island.
This is a pilot program that will be replicated in the rest of the
island of the municipality.
Planting pattern shall emphasize diverse fruit tree planting for the
following Reasons:
Continuous production of fruits to provide cash/food requirements
for the family.
Page 54
Multiple tree planting spreads the risks and it is proven to have a moderating
impact towards pest population built up to destructive level (eco-balancing
principle).
Growing fruit tree such as rambutan and citrus needs nurse crops. Banana, fits
the role of nurse crop as it readily provides shade and income since harvest
can be done in 6 to 8 months after planting . Fruit trees are relatively long
maturing in 3 to 5 years time.
1. Food Sufficiency Areas- are directed in the islands of Manicani, Tubabao,

Victory, and adjacent areas. Bio-intensive gardening (BIG) and Food
Always in the Home (FAITH) Projects will be intensified. Capital
investments will be devoted to production of composts and other
organic inputs, seeds banking, IPM, and others. This will increase
availability of vegetable supplies in the island decreasing dependence
to importation from nearby towns.
2. Joint Agribusiness Ventures Investments by enterprises made of a

fishermens/farmers association or cooperative contributing aqua and
marine based resources and a partner firm contributing technology,
managerial expertise, market linkages and capital resulting in the
integration and modernization of fish production, processing and
marketing. These investments are (but not limited to ):
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
aqua and Mari culture development

seaweeds and abalone processing
fish processing and marketing
food processing- remas and rootcrops
agro- processing complexes utilizing locally produced farm
products
(lemon
juice
production,
integrated
coconut
processing), coco oil mills
feed mills
3. Eco- Tourism Projects a community managed eco- tourism projects

that focused investments consistent with Guide Laws for Eco- tourism
Development in the Philippines that promotes sustainability,
environmental sensitivity and respect for the people and cultures in the
destinations. Capital can help finance the following:
1. Boat services
2. Guide Tour Packages
3. Enhancement of support facilities of a home stay program
(accommodation, water & sanitation) in a community base tourism
destination.
Page 55
4. Urban Poor Based Prjoects this are the investments made of the
organized informal sector in the urban poor such as the transport group,
stevedoring, vendors associations and the likes contributing physical
and manpower requirements that are essential logistical sup[port to
the Central Business District.
With the development of the foregoing priority investment areas, a

spontaneous economic growth is envisioned. Proper lingkaging and
coordination with various agencies will be pursued with the main
purpose of attracting investors. This will be done through the conduct of
investment potentials in their publications. This will also include the
production of ads and promotional materials.
Page 56
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
Guiuan,Eastern Samar
Municipal Mayor
Vice-Mayor
Sangguniang
Private Secretary
Bayan
Secretary to the
SB
SB Staff
HRMO/Admin Staff
MPDC
Budget Office MEO
Accountin
Assessor MCR
MTO
g
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
OMAS
DSWD
RHU
ss
Staff
Staff
Staff
EEDMS
Page 8
Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff
GSO
DIRECTORY OF MUNICIPAL OFFICES IN GUIUAN

A. Municipal Government Departments/Offices
OFFICE OF THE MUNICIPAL MAYOR
HON. CHRISTOPHER SHEEN P. GONZALES
Mayor
Municipal Bldg. Guiuan, Eastern Samar
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OFFICE
MARICHU ASEBIAS
Human Resource Management Officer I
OFFICE OF THE SANGGUNIANG BAYAN
HON. ROGELIO CABLAO
Vice-Mayor
Mun. Bldg. Guiuan, Eastern Samar
OFFICE OF THE SANGGUNIANG BAYAN SECRETARY
RECTITO A. MELQUIADES
Sangguniang Bayan Secretary
Guiuan, Eastern Samar
MUN. PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OFFICE
MA. NENITA S. ECLEO
Mun. Planning & Development Coordinator
MUNICIPAL BUDGET OFFICE
ESPERANZA G. COTIN
Mun. Budget Officer
MUNICIPAL TREASURERS OFFICE
FELICISSIMA A. BERNARDO
Mun. Treasurer
MUNICIPAL ACOUNTANTS OFFICE
ADRIAN E. BERNARDO
Mun. Accountant
Mun. Bldg, Guiuan, Eastern Samar
MUNICIPAL ASSESORS OFFICE
ENGR. JOSELITO BAES
Municipal Assessor
MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING OFFICE

ENGR. ARSENIO V. SALAMIDA
Mun. Engineer
MUNICIPAL GENERAL SERVICES OFFICE
RIZALDE C. SALAMIDA
Mun. General Services Officer
MUNICIPAL CIVIL REGISTRARS OFFICE
LILIA L. MACHICA
Mun. Civil Registrar
ECONOMIC ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT SERVICES OFFICE
DANILO S. COLANDOG
Market Supervisor IV
Public Compound
GUIUAN INTEGRATED TRANSPORT TERMINAL
DONATO PABELLO
Terminal Supervisor
OFFICE OF THE MUNICIPAL AGRICULTURAL SERVICES (OMAS)
EFREN BERONGOY
Municipal Agriculturist
MUNICIPAL SOCIAL WELFARE & DEVELOPMENT (DSWD)
ZENAIDA M. CUNANAN
Mun. Social Welfare & Development Officer
MUNICIPAL HEALTH OFFICE
DR. MARICHU A. FLORES
Mun. Health Officer-Designate
Rural Health Unit
B. National Government Agencies
DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCES (DENR)
MARLON ORTIGUESA
PASU
Public Market Compound, Guiuan, Eastern Samar
Page 10
DEPT. OF THE INTERIOR & LOCAL GOVERNMENT (DILG)

MAURICIO M. LABADO
Mun. Local Government Operations Officer
BUREAU OF INTERNAL REVENUE
BIR Collection Agent
Mun. Bldg, Guiuan, Eastern Samar
PHILIPPINE COCONUT AUTHORITY
Agriculturist II
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
PINSP
Chief of Police
REGIONAL TRIAL COURT
RTC Judge
MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL COURT
MCTC Judge
Municipal Mayor
Vice-Mayor
SB Members
List of Municipal Officials

(2010)
Hon. Annaliza P. Gonzales-Kwan
Hon. Rogelio Cablao
Hon. Veronica C. Ramirez
Hon. Nestorio O. Cablao
Hon. Susana Lourdes B.
Ogania
Hon. Honorio Aniano
Hon. Dominador Chua
Hon. Tomtom Sison
Hon. Floro Guimbaolibot
Hon. Pol Gonzales
Hon. Roberto Cabacaba
Page 11

Ecological Profile Guiuan

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Ecological Profile Guiuan

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2010-2012

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

barrios. As the police and security measures of the town company

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

The campsite became littered with small stores, of refreshment

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

geographically located at 125 degrees 54 minutes 23 seconds

transportation from Tacloban City takes only about 2- 3 hours

that can be called Extension Mountains. Clustered around and

numerous islands, islets and coves. The scenic beauty of the

transverse water gap having its highest elevation at 63, 56 and

8% slope range described as gently sloping land, this represent

the urban is located. Aside from the escarpment, the northeastern

southwestern portion on the other hand, is characterized by a

Rock Formations/Erosion Potential

municipality, only about 8.26 or 1,450 hectares are identified to

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

As reflected in the DENRs LC map No. 3287 the

Existing General Land use

including that of Homonhon and Manicani Islands still accounts for

The built up area includes areas utilized for residential,

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

Table 3: Existing Built Up Areas

Catholic Church, Magellan Landing Site, American Airport and

The airport was built under American Liberation Forces war

Urban Land Use Pattern

Poblacion areas and 4 adjacent barangays. These are Poblacion

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

It is apparent that urban developments have gone beyond

estimated mineral reserve of more than 26,726 million metric

(in million mt)

Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

Alingarog Coral Survey Results: 8/3/2011

live hard coral

Alingarog has 16% live coral cover, earning a poor condition

Victory Coral Survey Results: 8/11/2011

live hard coral

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

Manapag Reef Fish Sanctuary, Trinidad, Coral

sand/rubbles live hard coral

surveyed were found to be in good overall condition

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

with dense coverage

though species diversity was low, as Rhizophora Apiculata (bakhaw)

the 2011 surveys, the

Rhizohora species was dominant in almost all survey areas.

Manicani 140 ha with 66% cover

the President. Through this new partnership there is

Zoning and Delineation Status:

Oyster culture beds

Marine reserve/sustainable use zone

Fish cages and fish pens

Sustenance fishing operation

Despite this legislation, however, there is very little active enforcement

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

Guiuan Ecological Profile, 2010-2012

Table 9: Climatic Indicators

Number of Rainy Days

Flooding and Rain Induced Landslide

conducted by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau in July 2009, the

particularly in Barangay Ngolos and Baras, low susceptible are the

barangays and facing the Pacific Ocean, makes it highly susceptible to

All incidents were triggered by a