Language Concordance - Maya of Meso and South Americas and Bharath - India

Languages - Part I - Overview

Kedarnath Jonnalagadda, B.Sc.(Agri.),M.Sc.(Genetics) 2009
CEO, Vaidika Gramam,
smartxpark@yahoo.com
Preview Book at :- https://www.createspace.com/Preview/1058590
Abstract : http://www.scribd.com/doc/17451732/Language-Concordance-Maya-ofMeso-South-America-and-Languages-of-India-Bharath-Part-I-Overview-Abstract
Abstract
An amazing concordance between the Mayan languages of South and Meso America
and Bharath India languages is found. This book, Part I - Overview gives an overview
of the work and results by the author.
The author has studied a number of Maya language dictionaries in Spanish and
English available on the web.
1.The likelihood of chance favoring concordance is worked out.
2.The pattern of concordance is analyzed - Early Sanskrit - Veda and later forms. So
called Dravidian Tamil - Telugu, Kannada, Tulu, Konkani and other Bharath - India
language linkages.
3. The work shows significant concordance with Sanskrit and Sanskrit based languages
as analyzed with Panini's [dhAtupATha] and looking up Sanskrit - English, SanskritFrench dictionaries.
4. Most surprisingly, Maya words being used today were found useful in understanding
etymology of some Sanskrit words found in Veda literature.
5. Significant concordance is also found with divisively called Dravidian languages
Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Tulu and often tribal languages of the sub continent.
6. Surprisingly again, were found everyday Maya words useful to understand etymology
of many words in divisively called Dravidian languages. These words are not in
common use in "Sanskrit and Sanskrit derived languages" within quotes, but present in
Veda, Purana, Ramayana or Mahabharata and Dravidian such as Tamil, Telugu, Kannada
and Tulu! This may lead to reconsideration of theories of their being borrowed but lost
over time in "Sanskrit and Sanskrit derived languages".

From the Concordance in the first place to any Bharath Indian language and
furthermore concordance patterning with a wide spectrum of India's languages presents
a number of significant issues for consideration.
1. Maya of South and Meso America lived in an ecological niche and isolation till about
only 400 years back. This is what history tells us.
2. That their language can be amenable to the [barakhaDi] phonetic classification and
teaching system of India could show a universal application of the [barakhaDi] system.
This would be applicable to any language system that is built around phonetically based
[akshara] but not alphabetic systems such as a,b,c,...z. And phonetically based [akshara]
systems may not even have a native script but are amenable to any machine readable
transliteration scheme.
Such a system is traditionally used for teaching from early childhood in India.
Traditionally, learning to be literate begins with simply pronouncing [svara] [a A i I u U
e E Ru o O aM aH] and [vya~jjana] [ka kha ga gha ca cha ja jha Ta Tha Da Dha ta tha
da dha na pa pha ba bha ma ya ra la va sha sa ha] in any native script. To call these
vowels and consonants in English may be inadequate. Each [svara] and [vya~jjana] has
meaning! And this is quite opposite to the system using alphabets in English.
3. Maya languages have short and long forms of [svara] [e E] and [o O] similar to
Dravidian languages but significantly absent in so called Aryan languages including
Sanskrit. Veda and other Sanskrit literature written in Devanagari script with correct
[anudatta], [udatta], [svarita] and other intonation marks may point out to original
presence of these [svara].
4. The [ga] [vya~jjana] is significantly absent in Mayan literature as recorded in Roman
script transliterations by earlier Spanish and other researchers. This is similar to the
absence of need for [ka] [ga] in written script of Tamil. By and large this does not pose
too much difficulty to know the semantic content equivalence in Indian languages.
5. The [ja] [vya~jjana] is significantly absent in Mayan literature too. Linguists have
used [tza]. This can be treated as a variant belonging to [ca varga], [ca] class of the
Indian [barakhaDi] system. It does not pose too much difficulty for knowing the
semantic content equivalence in Indian languages.
6. The presence of pan continental, America and Asia India language linkage leads to
considering many key issues.
7. If there was contact at all between the two civilizations, "When"? and "What Time

Scales" are involved. And "when did it stop"?

8. If not, "is there something so fundamental in evolution of human speech", retained
naturally and with care in the two distant ancient civilizations that it has defied time?
What are those simple fundamentals that a billion plus native people in America and
Bharath India can speak their mother tongues today? And can be easily taught to read
and write and be "literate".
9. Debates are galore on Aryan invasions, Veda, Indo European, Proto Sanskrit and
Dravidian languages of the sub continent. Maya language linkage with Veda, Sanskrit,
and Dravidian languages could be eye openers. This may well imply AIT, Aryan
Invasion Theories and other divisive theories needing reconsideration. Or proponents of
divisive theories needing to come up with implausible Aryan Invasion Theory for the
Americas too. But, that would need earlier Dravidian Invasions from the sub continent
to the Americas or vice versa.
10. Possibilities are discussed whether the yuga concept of Bharath - India, which
Maya civilization also has, and its timescales of cataclysmic cycles on Earth are indeed
unthinkable for the history and geography of this billion year old planet. This has direct
bearings on appreciating and treating our environment a little better. And hoping the
future will have greater understanding for damage already done.
11. Suggestions for further work in study of concordance of Maya - India for astrology,
astronomy, maths and pre colony religion are given. "Maya" the word has been
referenced meaning a people many places in Veda, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Purana
and other ancient literature in India.
12. The expected outcome of this work and findings is India centered research and
development. Often times, a very distant look on this fragile planet, NASA like from
space is needed to appreciate the beauty of home. It is hoped, much needed applications
will be developed to preserve the heritage of ancient and modern languages and
literature of India. Of particular importance is understanding and using components of
ancient learning and teaching methods of India in context of modern times. This would
include applications software for artificial intelligence, robotics, machine learning and
teaching. It is said, "a picture can speak a thousand words". Well, a single word in both
Maya language and Bharath India languages can speak a thousand words too. They have
been doing so for thousands of years.

Showcase
This section is called by this rather pompous name because it is indeed that. It gives a
glimpse of the glory of the gift of language to us. All of us are, in a way, window
shoppers. The more we have, the more we can have, unendingly.
The transliterations scheme shown below is Baraha software transliteration scheme
for Maya, [dhAtupATha] and Monier Williams Sanskrit English Dictionary. In addition,
schemes of Dr.S.Kalyanraman and Whitney are used for [dhAtupATha], Reconstruction
column is left blank after first few entries. This is to enable reader to apply his or her
own self, as exercise, if you like to call it that.
The primal principle in [vAk] speech is [para] the seed of thought or concept,
[pashyanti] its growth and consolidation. growth until it can be "literally" seen in the
mind, [mAdhyama] the medium for best expression involving process of search in
vocabulary base and eventually fructifying into [vAk] speech.
The same principle is applicable for reconstruction of Maya words. First we have
concept generally spelt out by the Maya English Dictionaries as dictionary meaning. We
need to let that sink in into our minds. Then look up the [dhAtupATha] for the [dhAtu]
elements that describe the concept best. The good news is that you may find it. If you do
not, at first go, the good news again is that you need more verbose Sanskrit English
Dictionaries. If you do not even then, Indian Lexicon with over 200,000 entries ought to
help. If it does not, then you have a unique Maya element [dhAtu]. And such Maya
sourced elements can be used to understand the not understandable or misunderstood
Sanskrit words in literature.
All this may appear tedium but it is not. The section Materials and Methods gives very
simple search techniques using no specially developed software but using tools that are
already in your computer. If you do not have these simple tools you should update
yourself and get them.
Work on Maya Concordance with Bharath India languages started in real earnest after a
strange discouraging response from a member of an e-group. The author of this book
had posted a note that Maya could be understood better if the [barakhadi] system of
[svara] [vya~jjana] taught traditionally in India were applied. The response was a bit
caustic and referred an article written by somebody that "nothing should be made of
languages in distant places having some common words". Statistics and probabilities
were quoted for this. And he was right too!

So how is this work different?

This work does no aim to find same sounding words with a common meaning in the two
rather very, very unequal sets. And could not too!
Available vocabulary of all Maya languages in South and Meso America, as given in the
Maya Preliminary Etymological dictionary has about 40,000 entries. No single
dictionary of any Maya language dictionary has more than 7000 -8000 listed words!
On the other hand, Monier Williams Dictionary has more than 3,00,000 entries. Indian
Lexicon compiled by Dr.S.Kalyanraman has 2,19,000 entries. The [dhAtupATha] lists
2000 odd [dhAtu]. Whitney, lists only 813 entries. He said the rest were never used at all
in either ancient or later Sanskrit! Then how come there are so many [dhAtu]?
A highly significant initial help was received from article mentioned before. "Nothing
should be made of languages in distant places having some common words". Here was a
case of very few when Maya and Indian languages are compared! When one small
population of words is compared with another that is huge there should be greater
likelihood of finding more same sounding words with same meaning. This is under
normal laws of probability. But it was most surprising to find so few. What does this
mean? This could imply that the two sets are different. Are we comparing mangoes with
llamas? That is one limited viewpoint to close shop. Ought we to do that? What if the
elements of mangoes were to be compared with the elements of llamas? Technically, and
scientifically there should be very great commonality. Hence, [dhAtu] from
[dhatupATha] was used. True enough a very high degree of commonality and
concordance was found.
This is not the end of the story but its beginning. [dhAtu] elements need to be structured
to form [shabda] words and [shabda] words with other [shabda] words. There must some
method or grammar. There will be dealt with in later chapters.

Chakchiquel Maya & Bharath Languages - Sanskrit

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary

a | [Achya]
_v._ To
receive
(Brasseur); to
give with.#10

~> Ac{}Ac{}to
worship; to honour
or to revere @ I.
(group 1155
dhAtu)~>
yaj{}yaj{}to make
an oblation to a
deity; to associate
with; to sacrifice; to
worship; to give;
deri. is.t.a;
yas.t.avya; ya_jya;
yas.t.um; samijya;
is.t.va_ @ I. (group
1155 dhAtu)

00025842 * [Acya]1[^acya] ind. Give with

p. ( fr. [^ac] ), bending ( the knee ) humility
#Br. #vG.00025843 *
[AcyA]2[^'acyA] Ved. ind. p. id.
#RV. x, 15, 6

a | [Achyaic]
_n._ That
which is
given along
with
something
else; _yaic_,
passive verbal
from _ya_, to
give.#11

~> Ac{}Ac{}to
worship; to honour
or to revere @ I.
(group 1155
dhAtu)~>
yaj{}yaj{}to make
an oblation to a
deity; to associate
with; to sacrifice; to
worship; to give;
deri. is.t.a;
yas.t.avya; ya_jya;
yas.t.um; samijya;
is.t.va_ @ I. (group
1155 dhAtu)

00025843 * [Acya]1[^acya] ind. Given with

p. ( fr. [^ac] ), bending ( the knee ) humility
#Br. #vG.00025843 *
[AcyA]2[^'acyA] Ved. ind. p. id.
#RV. x, 15, 6

a | [ahauh]
_n._ Ruler,
chief, lord.
See p. 36.#14

~> ah{}ah{}to
pervade @ V
(group 40
dhAtu)~>
aha{}vyAptau @

00032214 * [AhUrya]2[A-hUrya] one to whom

mfn. one to whom homage is to be homage is to
paid[---]00032215 ~> to be made be paid
favourable #RV. i, 69, 4[---]

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary

dhAtupATha
a | [ahauarem] ~> ah{}ah{}to
_n._ Majesty, pervade @ V
power.#15
(group 40
dhAtu)~>
aha{}vyAptau @
dhAtupATha

00032214 * [AhUrya]2[A-hUrya] one to whom

mfn. one to whom homage is to be homage is to
paid[---]00032215 ~> to be made be paid
favourable #RV. i, 69, 4[---]

a | [ahilah]
_v._ To count
or reckon
with grains of
corn or cacao,
after the
Indian
fashion.#17

00023659 * [ah]1[ah]2 cl. 5. P.

[ahnoti], to pervade or occupy[---]
[---]00035291 00033944 *
[Ir]1[Ir] cl. 2. . ['Irte] ( 3. pl.
['Irate] #AV. #RV. ), [iraM-cakre],
[iriShyati], [airiShTa],
[Iritum][---]00033945 ~> Ved. inf.
[ir'adhyai] #RV. i, 134, 2, to go,
move, rise, arise from #RV.[---]
00033946 ~> to go away, retire
#AV. xix, 38, 2[---]00033947 ~>
to agitate, elevate, raise ( one's
voice ) #RV. : Caus. P. [Ir'ayati]
( # [Il] ), to agitate, throw,
cast[---]00033948 ~> to excite
#RV. #AV. #MBh. #R. &c.[---]
00033949 ~> to cause to rise[---]
00033950 ~> to bring to life[---]
00033951 ~> to raise one's voice,
utter, pronounce, proclaim, cite
#RV. #ChUp. #Ragh. #Sur. &c.
[170,3][---]00033952 ~> to
elevate #RV. #VS. #TS. #Br. : .
to raise one's self #AV. #VS.[---]
00033953 * [Ira]2[Ira] m.
wind[---]* [ilA]1['ilA] f. ( closely
connected with ['iDA] and ['irA],
qq.v. ) flow[---]00035292 ~>
speech[---]00035293 ~> the earth,
&c.[---]00035294 ~> See
[iDA][---]00033902 * [ID]1[ID]1

~> ah{}ah{}to
pervade @ V
(group 40
dhAtu)~>
aha{}vyAptau @
dhAtupATha~>
il{}il{}to sleep; to
throw @ VI (group
165 dhAtu)~>
ila{}preraNe @
dhAtupATha~>
ila{}svapnakShepa
nayoH @
dhAtupATha~>
hila{}bhAvakaraNe
@ dhAtupATha

This is form of
divination reckoning with
higher
purpose?

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary
cl. 2. . ['ITTe] ( 2. sg. pres.
[IDiSe], Ved. [ILiSe], pf. [ID'e]
fut. [IDiShyate] aor. [aiDiShTa].
inf. [IDitum], Ved. [ILe], &c. ) to
implore, request, ask for ( with
two acc. )[---]00033903 ~> to
praise #RV. #AV. #VS. #R. #BhP.
&c. : Caus. P. [IDayati], to ask[---]
00033904 ~> to praise #BhP.[---]
00033905 * [ID]2[ID]2 [T] f.
praise, extolling #RV. viii, 39,
1[---]00033906 * [IDana]2[IDana]
n. the act of praising #L.[---]
00033907 * [IDA]2[IDA] f.
praise, commendation #L.[---]
00033908 * [IDita]2[IDita] or
mfn. implored, requested #RV.[---]
* [laND]1[laND] ( #[olaND] ), cl.
10. P. [laNDayati], to throw or
toss up #P. Dhtup. xxi, ii,
9[---]~> to speak #ib. xxxiii,
125[---]

a | [ahilan]
~> ah{}ah{}to
_v._ To count, pervade @ V
to number.#18 (group 40
dhAtu)~>
aha{}vyAptau @
dhAtupATha~>
il{}il{}to sleep; to
throw @ VI (group
165 dhAtu)~>
ila{}preraNe @
dhAtupATha~>
ila{}svapnakShepa
nayoH @
dhAtupATha~>
hila{}bhAvakaraNe
@ dhAtupATha

00023659 * [ah]1[ah]2 cl. 5. P.

Ordinary
[ahnoti], to pervade or occupy[---] reckoning ?
[---]00035291 00033944 *
[Ir]1[Ir] cl. 2. . ['Irte] ( 3. pl.
['Irate] #AV. #RV. ), [iraM-cakre],
[iriShyati], [airiShTa],
[Iritum][---]00033945 ~> Ved. inf.
[ir'adhyai] #RV. i, 134, 2, to go,
move, rise, arise from #RV.[---]
00033946 ~> to go away, retire
#AV. xix, 38, 2[---]00033947 ~>
to agitate, elevate, raise ( one's
voice ) #RV. : Caus. P. [Ir'ayati]
( # [Il] ), to agitate, throw,
cast[---]00033948 ~> to excite
#RV. #AV. #MBh. #R. &c.[---]
00033949 ~> to cause to rise[---]

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary
00033950 ~> to bring to life[---]
00033951 ~> to raise one's voice,
utter, pronounce, proclaim, cite
#RV. #ChUp. #Ragh. #Sur. &c.
[170,3][---]00033952 ~> to
elevate #RV. #VS. #TS. #Br. : .
to raise one's self #AV. #VS.[---]
00033953 * [Ira]2[Ira] m.
wind[---]* [ilA]1['ilA] f. ( closely
connected with ['iDA] and ['irA],
qq.v. ) flow[---]00035292 ~>
speech[---]00035293 ~> the earth,
&c.[---]00035294 ~> See
[iDA][---]00033902 * [ID]1[ID]1
cl. 2. . ['ITTe] ( 2. sg. pres.
[IDiSe], Ved. [ILiSe], pf. [ID'e]
fut. [IDiShyate] aor. [aiDiShTa].
inf. [IDitum], Ved. [ILe], &c. ) to
implore, request, ask for ( with
two acc. )[---]00033903 ~> to
praise #RV. #AV. #VS. #R. #BhP.
&c. : Caus. P. [IDayati], to ask[---]
00033904 ~> to praise #BhP.[---]
00033905 * [ID]2[ID]2 [T] f.
praise, extolling #RV. viii, 39,
1[---]00033906 * [IDana]2[IDana]
n. the act of praising #L.[---]
00033907 * [IDA]2[IDA] f.
praise, commendation #L.[---]
00033908 * [IDita]2[IDita] or
mfn. implored, requested #RV.[---]
* [laND]1[laND] ( #[olaND] ), cl.
10. P. [laNDayati], to throw or
toss up #P. Dhtup. xxi, ii,
9[---]~> to speak #ib. xxxiii,
125[---]

a | [ahlabal] ~> labh{}labh{}to 00191487 * [lAbh]1[lAbh] cl. 10. ah- prefix is

_n._ Warrior, get; to obtain; to
P. [lAbhayati], to throw, direct
indicator - The
fighting man. take; to have to
#P. Dhtup. xxxv, 8 81[---]
person with

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary

See
_Labal_.#19

find; to be able; to
know; der. labdha;
labhya; labdhrima
(produced by gain);
labha_ (gain) @ I.
(group 1155 dhAtu)

00191488 * [labh]1[labh] ( #
attributes [see
[rabh] ), cl. 1. . ( #P. Dhtup. highlighted
xxiii, 6 ) [labhate] ( ep. also [ti] words]
and [lambhate][---]00190500 ~>
pf. [lebh'e], ep. also [lalAbha][---]
00190501 ~> aor. [alabdha],
[alapsata] #Br.[---]00190502 ~>
Prec. [lapsIya] #P. 8-2, 504
#Sch.[---]00190503 ~> fut.
[labdhA] Gr.[---]00190504 ~>
[lapsyate], [ti] #Br. &c.[---]
00190505 ~> [labhiShyati]
#Kv[---]00190506 ~> inf.
[labdhum] #MBh.[---]00190507
~> ind. p. [labdhv'A] #AV.
&c.[---]00190508 ~> [-labhya],
[-lambham] #Br. &c.[---]
00190509 ~> [lAbham] #P. 71, 69 ), to take, seize, catch[---]
00190510 ~> catch sight of, meet
with, find #Br. &c. &c. ( with
[antaram], to find an opportunity,
make an impression, be
effective[---]00190511 ~> with
[avakAsham], to find scope, be
appropriate[---]00190512 ~> with
[kAlam], to find the right time or
moment )[---]00190513 ~> to gain
possession of, obtain, receive,
conceive, get, receive ( ` from ',
abl.[---]00190514 ~> ` as ', acc. ),
recover #ib. ( with [garbham], ` to
conceive an embryo ', ` become
pregnant '[---]00190515 ~> with
[padam], to obtain a footing )[---]
00190516 ~> to gain the power of
( doing anything ), succeed in, be
permitted or allowed to ( inf. or
dat., e. g. [labhate draShTum], or

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary
[darshanAya], ` he is able or
allowed to see ' ) #ChUp. #MBh.
&c.[---]00190517 ~> to possess,
have #Sh. #MrkP.[---]00190518
~> to perceive, know, understand,
learn, find out #Kaths. #Kull. :
Pass. [labhy'ate] ( ep. also
[ti][---]00190519 ~> aor.
[alAbhi] or [alambhi], with prep.
only [alambhi][---]00190520 ~>
##P. 7-1, 69 #K. ), to be
taken or caught or met with or
found or got or obtained #Br. &c.
&c.[---]00190521 ~> to be
allowed or permitted ( inf.
sometimes with pass. sense, e. g.
[n^adharmo labhyate kartum], `
injustice ought not to be done ',
#above ) #Kaths[---]00190522
~> to follow, result #Sh.
#Sarvad[---]00190523 ~> to be
comprehended by ( abl. )
#Bhshp. : Caus. [lambhayati],
[te] ( aor. [alalambhat] ), to
cause to take or receive or obtain,
give, bestow ( generally with two
acc.[---]00190524 ~> rarely with
acc. and instr. = to present
with[---]00190525 ~> in #Kir. ii,
55 with two acc. and instr.[---]
00190526 ~> ##Vm. v, 2, 10 )
#MBh. #Kv. &c.[---]00190527
~> to get, procure ( #[lambhita] )
[---]00190528 ~> to find out,
discover #Mn. viii, 109[---]
00190529 ~> to cause to suffer
#MW.[---]00190530 ~> Desid.
[l'ipsate] ( m. c. also [ti] #TBr.
[lIpsate] ), to wish to seize or take

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary
or catch or obtain or receive ( with
acc. or gen.[---]00190531 ~> `
from ', abl. ) #TBr. &c. &c. :
Intens. [lAlabhyate], [lAlambhIti]
or [lAlabdhi] Gr. [Gk. ? ; Lat.
[labor] ; Lith. [l'abas], [l'obis].]
[896 ,2][---]

a | [abah] _n._
A stone; a jar;
the private
parts.#2

a | [ahpop]
_n._ The head
chief. _El
cacique
mayor._[TN33] See p.
36.#21

~> bhRu{}bhr.{}to
support; to bear; to
have; to fill; deri.
bhr.ta; bha_rya;
bhartum; bhr.tva_
@ I. (group 1155
dhAtu)

00009617 * [ab]2[ab] for words

beginning thus, s. v. [ab-indhana],
[ab-ja], &c.[---]00009618 *
[apa]1['apa] ind. ( as a prefix to
nouns and verbs, expresses ) away,
off, back ( opposed to ['upa],
['anu], [sam], [pra] )[---]00009619
~> down ( opposed to [ud] )[---]
00011806 * [abahir]1[a-bahir] ind.
` not outside ', in interior, in one's
heart #BhP.[---]* [bhara]1[bh'ara]
mf ( [A] ) n. ( [bhRu] ) bearing,
carrying, bringing[---]~> a burden,
load, weight ( also a partic.
measure of weight = [bhAra], q.v.
#L. ) #Hariv. #Kv. &c. ( acc. with
[kRu], to place one's weight,
support one's self #Hit. )[---]

That which has

attributes [see
highlighted
words]

00023659 * [ah]1[ah]2 cl. 5. P.

[ahnoti], to pervade or occupy[---]
00023660 * [aha]1['aha]1 ind. ( as
a particle implying ascertainment,
affirmation, certainty, &c. ) surely,
certainly #RV. #AV. #Br.[---]
00023661 ~> ( as explaining,
defining ) namely #Br.[---]
00023662 ~> ( as admitting,
limiting, &c. ) it is true, I grant,
granted, indeed, at least #Br. [For
rules of accentuation necessitated
in a phrase by particle ['aha], cf.

The person that

is in position
and has
attributes [see
highlighted
words]

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary
#P. 8-1, 24 seqq.][---]00023663
* [aha]1['aha]2 n. ( only #Ved.[---]
00023664 ~> nom. pl. ['ahA] #RV.
#AV.[---]00023665 ~> gen. pl.
['ahAnAm] #RV. viii, 22, 13 ) =
['aHar], q.v., a day[---]00023666
~> often ifc. [ah'a] m. ( e. g.
[dvAdash^ah'a], [try-ah'a], [ShaDah'a], &c. ) or n. ( e. g.
[puNy^ah'a], [bhadr^ah'a], and
[sudin^aha] )[---]00023667 ~>
also [ahna] s. v.[---]*
[popuva]2[popuva] mfn. ( fr.
Intens. ) purifying much or
repeatedly #P. 1-1, 4 #Sch.[---]

a | [ah-tzih]
~> ah{}ah{}to
_n._ Speaker, pervade @ V
orator. See p. (group 40 dhAtu)
37.#23

00089009 * [jihva]1[jihv'a] mfn.

( said of Agni ) #MaitrS. i, 3, 35
( for [yahv'a] of #Padap. and #RV.
iii, 2, 9 )[---]00089010 ~> m. the
tongue #Hariv. 6325 f.[---]
00089011 ~> ( ['A] ) f. ( =
[juh'U] ) id. #RV. #AV. &c. ( ifc. f.
[A] #MBh. iii, 16137 #Hcat. )[---]
00089012 ~> the tongue or
tongues of Agni, i. e. various
forms of flame ( 3 are named #RV.
iii, 20, 2[---]00089013 ~>
generally 7 #VS. xvii, 79
#MuUp. i, 2, 4 [[kAlI],
[karAlI], [mano-javA], [sulohitA], [su-dhUmra-varNA],
[sphuli~gginI], [vishvarUpI]]
#Hemac[---]00089014 ~>
#[sapt'a-jihva][---]00089015 ~>
also identified with the 7 winds
[pra-], [A-], [ud-], [saM-], [vi-],
[pari-], and [ni-vaha] )[---]
00089016 ~> the tongue of a
balance #Hcat. i, 5, 163[---]

ah - indicator
of elevated
postion. using
[see
highlighted
words]

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary
00089017 ~> speech ( #Naigh. i,
11 ) #RV. iii, 57, 5[---]00089018
~> the root of Tabernaemontana
coronaria #L.[---]00089019 ~>
#[dv'i-], [m'adhu-], [su-][---]
00089020 ~> [agni-jihv'a] &c. ;
[#Lat. [lingua] ; Goth.
[tuggo1].][---]

a | [ah[kh]ib][TN34] _n._ A
scribe.#24

~>
khava{}bhUtaprAd
urbhAve @
dhAtupATha
00169725 *
[bhUta]2[bhUt'a]
mf ( [A] ) n.
become, been,
gone, past ( n. the
past ) #RV. &c.
&c.[---]00169726
~> actually
happened, true, real
( n. an actual
occurrence, fact,
matter of fact,
reality ) #Yj. #R.
&c.[---]

00077985 * [khav]1[khav] ( cl. 9.

P. [khaunAti], or [khunAti] ), v. l.
for [khac] #P. Dhtup. xxxi,
59[---]00077086 * [khac]1[khac]
cl. 1. P. [cati] ( only p. p.
[cat] ), to come forth, project ( as
teeth ) #Kaths. xxiii[---]
00077087 ~> xxvi: cl. 9. P.
[khacJAti], to be born again #P.
Dhtup. xxxi, 59[---]00077088 ~>
to cause prosperity #ib.[---]
00077089 ~> to purify #ib. : cl.
10. P. [khacayati], to fasten, bind
#ib. xxxv, 84[---]

a | [akah] _n._ ~>

00077823 * [khard]1[khard] cl. 1.
A hornet.#25 khard{}khard{}to P. [dati], to bite, sting, sting
bite; to sting @ I. venomously #P. Dhtup. iii, 23
(group 1155
dhAtu)~>
kharda{}dandashU
ke @
dhAtupATha00247
147 *
[shUka]1[shUka]
m. n. ( g.
[ardharc^adi][---]

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha
00247148 ~>
derivation
doubtful ) the awn
of grain #R.
#Sarvad. #Ktyr.
#Sch.[---]00247149
~> a bristle,
spicule, spike ( esp.
the bristle or sharp
hair of insects &c. )
#W.[---]00247150
~> the sheath or
calyx of a bud
#L.[---]00247151
~> pity,
compassion ( in
[niH-shUka] )
#L.[---]00247152
~> m. a species of
grain ( #[dIrghash] ) #Sur.
#Bhpr.[---]
00247153 ~>
sorrow, grief.
#L.[---]00247154
~> = [abhi-Shava]
#L.[---]00247155
~> ( [A] ), f.
scruple, doubt #L.
[1085,3][---]
00247156 ~>
Mucuna Pruritus
#L.[---]00247157
~> the sting of an
insect ( #above ),
anything that stings
or causes pain
#Sur. #Car.[---]
00247158 ~> a

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary

Chakchiquel
Maya

dhAtupATha

Monier-Williams Sanskrit English Reconstruction

Dictionary

partic. insect
( produced in water
and applied
externally as an
aphrodisiac ) #ib.
#Bhpr.[---]
00247159 ~> a
kind of grass
#L.[---]
a | [akan] _n._ ~> kaN{}kan.{}to
Leg, foot.#26 go or approach @ I.
(group 1155
dhAtu)[---]~>
kaNa{m}&{}gatau
@ dhAtupATha

* [ak]1[ak] cl. 1. P. [akati], to

move tortuously ( like a snake )
[---]~> #Cf. [ag] and
[a~jc][---]* [aka]1[aka]1 suffix
[aka] ( [akac] )[---]* [an]1[an]2 cl.
2. P. ['aniti] or ['anati], [ana],
[aniShyati], ['AnIt] [#RV. x, 129,
2], to breathe, respire, gasp[---]~>
to live[---]~> to move, go [#cf.
Gk. ? [24 ,1] Lat. [animus]]: Caus.
[Anayati]: Desid. [aniniShati]

a | [al] _n._
Son,
child.#27

00018046 * [al]1[al] cl. 1. P.

21-09-07
[alati], to adorn[---]00018047 ~>
to be competent or able[---]
00018048 ~> to prevent [The root
is evidently invented for
derivation of [alam], q.v.][---][---]
00029998 * [Ala]1[Ala] n.
spawn[---]00029999 ~> any
discharge of poisonous matter
from venomous animals #Sur.
#Kau[---]00030000 ~> yellow
arsenic, orpiment #Sur.[---]
00030001 ~> m. N. of an ape
#Kaths. 57, 136[---]00030002 ~>
( mfn. ) not little or insignificant,
excellent #L.[---]

~> al{}al{}to
adorn; to be
competent or able
@ I. (group 1155
dhAtu)~>
ala{}bhUShaNapar
yAptivAraNeShu
@ dhAtupATha