Elite Batch 2012

DNA Replication -:
1st exam - summer semester 2011 -:

******************************
- Q1 : question give us purine and pyrimydin and said what is that ?
-means that you need to know their shapes u need to know that (( T=G ))
=> is a mutation
- Q2 : if a prokaryotic cell copy DNA by a rate of (( 100 nucleotide => 1 min )) ,
how much time will spend to achieve 600 nucleotide ..
- not 6 min , cause its bidirectional ! - I think it will be 3 min or less than that
.. u need to think how many DNA pol you have ? if they are 4 it would be 1:30
minutes only .
- Q3 : function of DNA-pol

???

- repairing
- Q4 : question about Topoisomerases as drug targets ???
-DNA topoisomerases catalyze changes in the topology of DNA.
A major goal of cancer therapy research is identification of critical biochemical targets that mediate the ability of
effective cancer chemotherapy to kill tumor cells while allowing the maintenance of normal cell function. A candidate
for such a target is DNA topoisomerase II, a ubiquitous enzyme that alters three-dimensional conformation of
supercoiled DNA.

- Q5 : Qeustion about Exonuclease functions ??/

-35 exonuclease activity ===

excise mismatched nuleotides

1|P a ge

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

- Q6 : Question from the slide below => remember them all !

Q 7: you need to differentiate between base and nucleotide excision ! ???

2|P a ge

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q8 : Questions for the slide below , type of qus : the example and what the type of
it ?
eg : - mitomycin c ? its an intersrand cross-link - belomycin ? strand break ..

- Q12 : Very important ! qus in the first and also in the final

3|P a ge

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

DNA Replication :
1st exam 2012 :

Q1- DNA replication originates at the indicated origin of replication. Which

segment(s) serve as template(s) for lagging strand synthesis ?!

a) B & D
b) A & C
c) D
d)B
Q2- The nucleotides below are joined by ?!
a) 2'_5' Phosphodiester Bond
b)3'_5' Phosphodiester Bond
c)Glycoside Bond
d)5'_5' Phosphodiester Bond
e)2'_2' Phosphodiester Bond

4|P a ge

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q3- When DNA replication originates at the indicated origin of replication ,

segment A will act as a template for

A) Continuous strand synthesis at a replication fork moving leftward as

drawn
B) Discontinuous strand synthesis at replication fork moving leftward as drawn
C) Continuous strand synthesis at a replication fork moving rightward as drawn
D) Discontinuous strand synthesis at replication fork

Q4- A strain of E-coli has a mutation eliminating the 5'exonuclease activity of

DNA Pol III . This strain is expected to show :
a)
b)
c)
d)

An increased mutation frequency .

A decreased mutation frequency .
An inability to join Okazaki fragment
Continuous strand synthesis only

5|P a ge

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q5- DNA polymerase I initiates at the end of Okazaki fragment and
further elongates the DNA chain with it's activity while
simultaneously removing the RNA primer with it's activity .
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

5' to 3' Exonuclease , 5' to 3' Exonuclease

3' to 5' Exonuclease , 3' to 5' Exonuclease
5' to 3' Polymerase , 3' to 5' Exonuclease
3' to 5' Exonuclease , 5' to 3' Polymerase
5' to 3 Polymerase , 5' to 3' Exonuclease

Q6- How many each of the following is required to synthesis one DNA lagging
strand in prokaryotes ?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

1 RNA polymerase ( primase ) , 2 DNA polymerase and 1 DNA ligase

2 RNA polymerase ( primase ) , 2 DNA polymerase and 1 DNA ligase
1 RNA polymerase ( primase ) , 1 DNA polymerase and 1 DNA ligase
1RNA polymerase ( primase ) , 2 DNA polymerase and 0 DNA ligase
1 RNA polymerase ( primase ) , 3 DNA polymerase and 1 DNA ligase

Q7- Choose the incorrect association between the enzyme and it's function :
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

DNA polymerase alpha . Primer synthesis

DNA polymerase beta . Primer removal
Delta DNA polymerase lagging and leading strands synthesis
Epsilon DNA polymerase extending the Okazaki fragment
DNA ligase .. sealing nicks

6|P a ge

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q8- What is the type of mutation :
Normal sequence CATTCACCTGTACCA
GTAAGTGGACATGGT

Mutant sequence CATGTCACCTGTACCA

GTACAGTGGACATGGT
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Transversion
Transition
Insertion
Deletion
Spontaneous

Q9- Tautomer formation of C during replication will result in mispairing and

insertion of in one of the daughter strands ?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

A
G
T
U
X

Q10- Which of the following enzymes is not required when the DNA lesion is
thymedine dimer ??
a)
b)
c)
d)

Excinuclease
Repair nuclease
DNA polymerase b
DNA ligase

7|P a ge

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q11- " Hot spots " mutations regions are rich in :

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

AT
AA
GG
CG
CC

Q12- Some eukaryotic cells have a specialized mismatch repair system that
recognizes G-T mismatches and changes them to G-C ( never to A-T) regardless of
which nucleotide is in the parental strand . This system safeguards against :
a)
b)
c)
d)

Methylated Cytosines that determinate to Thymine

Methylated guanines that determinate to Adenine
The inability of the generalized repair system to recognize G-T mismatchs
Mismatches that remain after it is too late to discriminate between the
parental and daughter strand
e) Formation of thymine dimmers

Q13- Which of the following is a target to fluoroquinolone antibiotics ?

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

DNA transcription
Protein synthesis
RNA polymerase II
DNA polymerase III
DNA gyrases

8|P a ge

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q14- Shown below a table of enzymes or proteins and the associated
function of each . Choose the incorrect association :
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Rep protein .. helicase " unwind the DNA fork "

SSB ... binds to single stranded DNA
DNA pol III .. primary replicating polymerase
DNA pol I removes primer and fills gap
DNA ligase . Filling the gap between Okazaki fragments

Q15 - A heavy smoker developed lung tumor because of guanine oxdative

modification that causes G T transversions . which of the following genes is
most probably defected ?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

MTH1
PCNA
HNPCC
DNA helicase gene
DNA methylase gene

Q16- The DNA pol I activity that can excise mismatched nucleotides :
a)
b)
c)
d)

5' 3' exonuclease

3' 5' exonuclease
5' 3' polymerizing activity
3' 5' polymerizing activity

Q17- U.V cause what kind of mutation ?

answer : dimmers

9|P a ge

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q18- Familial hypercholesterolemia caused by ?

answer : mutation of LDL receptor

Q19- mutation of DNA pol I ?

answer : replication with no fidelity

Q20- Telomerase activity in eukaryotic DNA act on :

a) Leading strand
b) Lagging strand
c) Both leading and lagging strands
DNA replication :
1st exam test bank :

Q1- which of the following is responsible for correction of pyrimidine dimers in

human :a) Base excision repair
b) Nucleotide excision repair
c) Enzymatic demethylation
d) Mismatch repair

10 | P a g e

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q2- If DNA synthesis initiates at the indicated origin of replication, Which

segments single stranded-DNA are templates for synthesis of Okazaki fragments:

a)B &C
b)A &B
c)A&C
d)B & D

Q3- Which of the following subunits of DNA polymerase III has 3`exonuclease
activity ?
a) Gamma subunit
b) Alpha subunit
c)Epsilon subunit
d) Theta function
e) Beta subunit
Q4- Which enzyme has an associted RNA that act as a template for DNA synthesis
??
a) Telomerase
b) RNase
c) Peptidyle transferase
d) Nucleotidyle transferase
e) Reverse transcriptase

11 | P a g e

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q5- initiation of replication in prokaryotes includes all of the following except

a)DNaA
b)DNaB
c)DNaC
d)Helicase
e)Sliding clamp
Q6-which of the following eukaryotic DNA polymerases is associated with PCNA
a)Alpha
b)Gamma
c)Delta
d)Epsilon
Q6-Methylcytosines are common sites for mutations because they:a)can mispair with adenine
b)can deaminate to Uracil
c)can deaminate to Xanthine
d)When deaminated prevent discrimination between daughter & parental
strand
e)are not recognized by the proofreading activity of DNA polymerase
Q7-The primary cause of Fragile X syndrome is :
a)Chromosomal deletion
b)An expansion trinucleotide repeates
c)Amutation in an oncogene
e)Activation of telomerase

12 | P a g e

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q8-Subsituation of G instead of A is called :- =))

a)transition
b)transversion
c)triplet expansion
d)pyrimidine dimer
e)purine dimer

Q9- Methyl- directed DNA repair pathway of E-coli is example of :

a) Mismatch repair system
b) Nucleotide excision repair system
c) Base excision repair system
d) Recombination repair system
e) photolyase reverse system
Q10-The main replicative DNA polymerase on E.Coli is :a)DNA polymerase I
b) DNA polymerase II
c) DNA polymerase III
Q-11 Removal of RNA primers is a main function of which of the following
eukaryotic enzymes ?
a) RNAaseH
b) Replication protein A
c) Clamp-loading factor
d) DNA gyrase
e) DNA ligase

13 | P a g e

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q12-Adjecent nucleotides are joined by :a)purine

b)3'_5' phosphodiester bond
c) Glycosidic bond
d) Deoxuribose

Q13-The two exonuclease activities of DNA polymerase I :a) Occure at two different active site
b) Are coupled during the formation of 'gapped DNA '
c) Degrade DNA in 5'-3' direction
d) Degrade DNA in 3'to5' direction
Q14-What is the enzyme that has 3' to 5' exonuclease activity :a)DNA gyrase
b)RuvB
c)DNA polymerase III

14 | P a g e

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q15- Which of the following Not required for DNA replication :a)Mg
b)DNA polymerase
c)dNTP
d)a+c
e)Polysomes
Q16- A mutation is defined as :
a)A change in an organisms' DNA
b)The growth of an abnormal cell structure
c)The change of a cell from one type to another
d)a way of changing mRNA into protein
Q17- Which of the following illustrates a single point mutation on a segment of
DNA which leads ;TACACGGTG
a.TACACGTGTG
c.GTGGCACAT

b.TACACGCTG
d. TTCACGGAG

Q18- Which of the following illustrate a frame shift mutation on a segment of

DNA that TACACGGTG :
a.TACACGTGTG
c.GTGGCACAT

b.TACACGGTG
d. TTCACGGAG

15 | P a g e

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q19- About deamination of cytosine , what is wrong :

abcde-

Leads to the formation of uracil

It is a transition mutation
It is a point mutation
It is corrected by nucleotide excision repair
None of the above

Q20- About spontaneous damage in DNA , what is wrong :

abcde-

It involves the depurination of the purine hypoxanthine

Deamination of Thymine into Uracil leads to transition mutation
AP site is produced by depurination
None of the above
A+B

Q21- All of the following are true about the semiconservative model , except :
a- The new duplex is formed of a strand from the parental duplex and a new
strand
b- DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the free 5'-oh of the new strand
c- DNA polymerase can not add nucleotides de novo
d- Tranesterification involves a nucleophilic attack of the free 3'-oh on the 1st
phosphate of the added nucleotide
e- None of the above

16 | P a g e

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q22- All of the following are functions of the single stranded DNA
binding proteins (SSB's) , except :
abcde-

Keep the 2 strand apart to the prevent reannealing

Reduce potential secondary structures
Aligne template strands for rapid DNA synthesis
Associate with the sliding clamps
Have a role in recombination

Q23- All of the following are steps of the replication fork movement , except :
abcde-

Primer synthesis by primase

Strand elongation by polymerase
Primer removal by RNaseH/FEN1
Gap filling by Okazaki synthetase
Sealing of the nick by ligase

Q24- One of the following is mismatched :

abcde-

UV light pyrimidine dimmers

Carcinogens .. attack DNA
Spontaneous deamination U instead of C
Active oxygen species . O6- methyl guanine
Ionizing radiation .. break DNA strand

Q25- One of the following is wrong match :

abcde-

Transition purine for a pyrimindine

Triplet expansion ... Huntington's disease
Photoreactivation .. repair of pyrimindine dimmers
Nucleotide excision repair . Removal of pyimindine dimmers
None of the above

17 | P a g e

Elite Dental Team

Elite Batch 2012

Q26- Which of the following is responsible to sea nicks during DNA

replication :
a- DNA polymerase I
b- DNA polymerase II
c- DNA ligase
d- Primase
e- Telomerase
Q27- Which of the following functions is shared by pol I , pol II and pol III :
abcde-

5' 3' exonuclease

3' 5' exonuclease
5' 3' polymerization
A+B
B+C

Q28- Which of the following is responsible for mitochondrial DNA replication :

abcd-

Pol segma
Pol alpha
Pol gamma
Pol epsilon

Q29- Thymine dimmer in DNA is caused by :

abcd-

X-ray radiation
UV light
Free radicals
Deamination
THE END :)

18 | P a g e

Elite Dental Team