Ada Section Ipb

ADA Section
IPB, ISR AND THE

MDMP
PROCESSES
Draft
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DEFINE THE BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONMENT (IPB) (AIR DEFENSE ELEMENT). .284

DESCRIBE THE BATTLEFIELD'S EFFECTS (IPB) (AIR DEFENSE ELEMENT)......288
EVALUATE THE AERIAL THREAT (IPB) (AIR DEFENSE ELEMENT).......................292
DETERMINE AERIAL THREAT COURSES OF ACTION (COAS) (IPB) (AIR DEFENSE
ELEMENT)................................................................................................................................296
PLAN INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE AND RECONNAISSANCE (ISR) (AIR
DEFENSE ELEMENT).............................................................................................................300
RECEIVE THE MISSION (MDMP) (AIR DEFENSE ELEMENT)...................................304
CONDUCT MISSION ANALYSIS (MDMP) (AIR DEFENSE ELEMENT)......................307
DEVELOP COURSES OF ACTION (COAS) (MDMP) (AIR DEFENSE ELEMENT)....312
ANALYZE COURSES OF ACTION (COAS) (MDMP) (AIR DEFENSE ELEMENT)....315
COMPARE COURSES OF ACTION (COAS) (MDMP) (AIR DEFENSE ELEMENT)...319
PRODUCE ORDER OR PLANS (MDMP) (AIR DEFENSE ELEMENT).........................322
Report Date: 31 Jan 2002

Synopsis Report for Collective Task
44-2-5300.44-WT92
Define the Battlefield Environment (IPB) (Air Defense Element)

Status: Proposed
Last Changed 5 Jan 2000
Task Data:
Proponent: Air Defense Artillery
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Major BOS: Develop Intelligence
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
Condition: The air defense element, as part of the digital battlestaff, is conducting or
preparing to conduct operations. Communications are established with
subordinate, adjacent units, and higher headquarters. AMDWS and FAAD
engagement operations (EO) systems are operational and passing information in
accordance with tactical standing operating procedures. Enemy order of battle,
knowledge of threat doctrine, refined data from the division terrain team and Staff
Weather Officer (SWO), and digital map coverage of the contingency area are
available. The staff has received the initial WARNO with the Area of Operations
(AO) from higher headquarters. The brigade commander has issued his initial
planning guidance. Some iterations of this task should be performed in MOPP4.
Standard: The brigade Air Defense Element developed the battlespace and Area of
Interest (AOI) overlays to reflect the aerial threat.
TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES
1. ADA staff section accesses brigade AO overlay in the Joint

Common Database (JCDB) using CTP.
2. Identifies significant characteristics of the environment.
* 3. Brigade air defense officer (ADO) analyzes the brigade AO.
GO
NO-GO
a. Considers aspects of the air threat outside of AO that may

impact on brigade operations.
b. Considers initial guidance from the ADA battalion commander.
NOTE: The area of operations (AO) in air defense operations focuses
on the third dimension--the element of altitude. The air defense AO
should extend out to the maximum effective range of the ADA weapon
systems within the Task Force or Combat Team. Unlike "ground" AO's,
the air defense AO often encompasses smaller, non-continuous areas
that are within the commander's AO, such as "no-fire" areas.
* 4. ADO analyzes aerial threat factors bearing on the battlefield
environment in order to determine the aerial AOI. Specific
considerations include:
a. Location of theater ballistic missile (TBM) and cruise missile
(CM) launch sites.
b. Location of threat airfields.
c. Location of enemy FAARPs.
d. Location of aids to navigation.
e. Range capabilities of threat aircraft.
f. Altitude capabilities of threat aircraft.
g. Range capabilities of tactical ballistic missiles and cruise
missiles.
h. Flight profiles of tactical ballistic missiles and cruise missiles.
i. Capabilities of UAVs.
5. Establishes aerial IPB planning overlay in AMDWS to portray aerial
AOI.
NOTE: The aerial AOI is based on the ability of the threat to project
power or move forces into the AO. It is usually much larger than the
ground AOI. Within this extensive area, only activity related to
projecting air power is of interest. When conducting IPB related to air
defense, the AOI should extend upwards to the maximum service
ceiling of the threat's aircraft.
a. Operator creates overlay IAW ADO's guidance.
b. Provides aerial AOI overlay to the S2 section for consolidation.
6. Establishes the ADA battlespace overlay reflecting the aerial threat
using CTP.
NOTE: The brigade battlespace is based on the ability of friendly
system range capabilities in acquisition and targeting.
a. Operator creates the ADA battlespace overlay reflecting the
aerial threat.
b. Operator provides aerial threat battlespace overlay to the S3
and the aerial AOI overlay to the S2 for consolidation.
7. When notified by the S3, accesses the brigade battlefield
environment overlay from the JCDB.
8. Identifies information gaps and submits RFI to the S2.
GO
NO-GO
GO
NO-GO
9. Exports the battlefield environment overlay to higher headquarters

(AMDOC) and adjacent units.
*10.ADO informs staff and updates aerial threat estimate as air threat
changes.
Supporting Products (References)

Step Id
Product Id
----34-130
Supporting Individual Tasks

Step Id
Task Id
1.
150-GPU-9100-WT07
1.
10.
4.
150-GPU-9103-WT07
441-ADO-5450WT92
441-ADO-5300WT92
5.
150-GPU-9104-WT07
5. a.
441-096-1145WT92
5. b.
6. a.
150-GPU-9103-WT07
441-096-1145WT92
6. b.
7.
9.
150-GPU-9103-WT07
150-GPU-9103-WT07
150-GPU-9103-WT07
Title
INTELLIGENCE PREPARATION OF
THE BATTLEFIELD
Title
Establish the Common Tactical Picture
(CTP) Elements (v.6.2.x)
Perform ABCS Data Distribution (v.6.2.x)
Develop ADA Staff Estimate
Analyze Aerial Threat Factors Bearing on
the Battlefield Environment (ADO)
Conduct Terrain Evaluation Using the
Common Tactical Picture (CTP) (v.6.2.x)
Perform AMDWS Overlay Functions
Using Defense Planner
Prerequisite Collective Tasks: None.
Supporting Collective Tasks: None.
Supported Collective Tasks

Step Id
Task Id
Title
---------
11-1-6721.11-WT06
71-0-5300.71-WT02
Supported BOS (AUTL)

ART
ART 5.3
Define the Battlefield Environment (IPB)

Define the Battlefield Environment (IPB)
Title
Assess Tactical Situation and Operations

44-2-5310.44-WT92
Describe the Battlefield's Effects (IPB) (Air Defense Element)

Status: Proposed
Task Data:
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
accordance with tactical standing operating procedures. The command's battlefield
environment has been defined, and guidance for IPB development has been
issued. Some iterations of this task should be performed in MOPP4.
Standard: The Air Defense Element provided S2 with analysis of terrain and weather
effects on friendly and enemy aerial courses of action (COAs). Assisted S2 in
developing Modified Combined Obstacle Overlay (MCOO).
1. Air Defense operator analyzes the Brigade Combined Obstacles

Overlay (COO) using CTP.
2. ADO submits unique terrain analysis requirements to the ABE and
unique weather analysis requirements to the S2 on aerial
operations within the brigade AO/AOI.
GO
NO-GO
* 3. ADO analyzes air-related military aspects of the terrain using

OCOKA. Specific considerations include-a. Terrain that provides aerial observation of fields of fire and
supports-(1) Line of sight from proposed ADA weapons locations.
(2) Air support of engagement areas and kill zones.
b. Terrain that allows cover and concealment for potential ADA
weapons locations.
c. Obstacles to air mobility.
d. Key terrain that provides a significant advantage to ADA
positions.
e. Likely aerial avenues of approach (AAAs), and whether they-(1) Provide ease of navigation.
(2) Provide protection to the aircraft from radar and weapons.
(3) Allow evasive maneuver.
(4) Allow for the full use of aircraft speed.
(5) Support ground operations.
* 4. ADO evaluates the effects of terrain on air operations. Specific
considerations include-a. Probable target installations or areas. (Where are the threat's
likely targets located?)
b. Possible landing zones (LZs), pickup zones (PZs), or drop
zones (DZs), and whether they-(1) Could be considered as near likely objectives for the
enemy.
(2) Provide concealment and cover to the delivered forces.
(3) Allow easy aircraft ingress and egress routes.
c. Possible airfields.
d. Likely standoff attack orbits.
e. Possible TBM or cruise missile launch sites.
f. Possible UAV launch sites and operating areas.
NOTE: Relate the analysis to the terrain's effects on the broad COAs
available to threat and friendly forces, such as attack or defend.
* 5. ADO analyzes the effects of weather on the battlefield environment,
considering:
a. Limiting and success-inducing effects of weather on air
operations.
b. Expected times on targets based on weather effects or light
data.
c. Effects of smoke or fog on target identification.
d. Effects of cloud cover on enemy and friendly air.
NOTE: Relate the analysis to the weather's effects on the broad COAs
available to threat and friendly forces, such as attack or defend.
e. Illumination (weather and light data) on observation
requirements.
GO
NO-GO
GO
NO-GO
* 6. ADO analyzes the effects of other characteristics of the battlefield;

e.g., determining if the rules of engagement (ROE) have a unique
effect on air defense operations.
* 7. Air defense section describes the battlefield's effects on threat and
friendly air capabilities and broad COAs.
a. Evaluates set of air avenues of approach (AAAs) that best
supports enemy maneuver.
b. Prioritizes AAAs on how well each supports enemy maneuver.
c. Updates Aerial IPB planning overlay to support analysis of
effects of terrain and weather on air operations.
d. Incorporates analysis into ADA staff estimate.
NOTE: Combine the evaluation of the effects of terrain, weather, and
the other characteristics of the battlefield. Focus on the total factors
influencing the environmental effects on COA available to both threat
and friendly forces.
8. ADO coordinates with S2 to include terrain and weather-related
effects on air operations into brigade IPB.
9. Air defense section imports brigade MCOO overlay from S2 using
CTP.
10. Air defense section disseminates overlay(s) and relative data to
staff elements, higher (AMDOC) and adjacent units.

Step Id
Product Id
----34-130

Step Id
Task Id
----441-ADO-5310WT92
1.
10.
7. c.
150-GPU-9103-WT07
150-GPU-9103-WT07
441-096-1145WT92
7. d.
9.
441-ADO-5450WT92
150-GPU-9103-WT07
Title
THE BATTLEFIELD
Title
Analyze the Effects of Weather and
Terrain on Aerial Operations (ADO)

Step Id
Task Id
----11-1-6722.11-WT06
----71-0-5310.71-WT02
----71-6-6001.20-WT44

ART
ART 5.3
Title
Describe the Battlefield's Effects (IPB)
Describe the Battlefield's Effects (IPB)
IPB
Title

44-2-5320.44-WT92
Evaluate the Aerial Threat (IPB) (Air Defense Element)

Status: Proposed
Task Data:
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
accordance with tactical standing operating procedures. The command's battlefield
environment has been defined, battlefield effects have been described, and the
MCOO has been established. Some iterations of this task should be performed in
MOPP4.
Standard: The enemy air threat is determined in terms of the commander's

requirements. Provided the S2 with an evaluation of threat air capabilities,
strengths, and vulnerabilities, and recommended High Value Targets (HVTs).
1. Air Defense staff section identifies air threat and information gaps.
a. Air defense section gathers the tools necessary to evaluate the
air threat using CTP (threat order of battle, doctrinal templates,
threat models, etc).
GO
NO-GO
b. ADO evaluates current enemy air order of battle (OB) files on

threat composition, strength, and disposition. Focuses on
threats posed by-(1) Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
(2) Missiles (cruise and ballistic).
(3) Fixed-wing (FW) aircraft.
(4) Rotary-wing (RW) aircraft.
(5) Airborne and air assault forces.
(6) Ordnance types and availability.
(7) Threats to friendly ADA assets, including threat ground
forces and EW assets.
c. ADO evaluates doctrinal templates on enemy formations and
patterns of behavior, to include-(1) Flight operations tactics (i.e. use of rotary wing aircraft in
pairs or more from the flanks).
(2) Ordnance delivery techniques such as standoff ranges,
time on target, release speeds and altitudes, and guidance
systems.
(3) Technical capabilities of aircraft such as all-weather or
night capability, maximum and minimum speeds, ceilings,
range, payloads (in terms of ordnance, number and types
of equipment, or passengers) and aerial refueling
capability.
(4) Target selection priorities for air strikes or attacks by air
assaults.
(5) Air strike allocation procedures.
(6) Navigation capabilities of threat aircraft.
d. ADO identifies new or unforeseen information gaps and
submits RFIs to the S2.
2. Air Defense section establishes air defense doctrinal template and
provides air threat information to S2 via CTP.
NOTE: An air defense doctrinal template would include, for example, a
description of normal strike package composition, altitudes, or time
spacing between groups of aircraft.
3. ADO identifies threat-preferred tactics, options, and peculiarities
based on an evaluation of the threat's doctrine and past operations.
4. ADO proposes HVTs specific to air threat and provides to S2.
NOTE: Examples include enemy ADA and radar sites, processing
centers, C2 nodes, airfields, and refueling FAARPs.
5. ADO records enemy air threat information in staff estimate.
6. ADO identifies air threat capabilities and vulnerabilities and briefs
as required.
NOTE: Assess the capabilities and vulnerabilities of the enemy to
provide air support to broad COAs (attack, defend, reinforce,
retrograde).
GO
NO-GO
GO
NO-GO
7. ADO provides S2 with updated air threat information as part of

aerial IPB estimate via CTP as air threat changes.

Step Id
Product Id
----34-130

Step Id
Task Id
----441-ADO-5320WT92
1. a.
150-GPU-9103-WT07
2.
150-GPU-9101-WT07
2.
441-096-1145WT92
5.
7.
441-ADO-5450WT92
150-GPU-9103-WT07
Title
THE BATTLEFIELD
Title
Evaluate the Air Threat (ADO)
Update Common Tactical Picture (CTP)
Elements (v.6.2.x)

Step Id
Task Id
----11-1-6723.11-WT06
----71-0-5320.71-WT02

ART
ART 5.3
Title
Evaluate the Threat (IPB)
Evaluate the Threat (IPB)
Title

44-2-5330.44-WT92
Determine Aerial Threat Courses of Action (COAs) (IPB) (Air Defense

Element)
Status: Proposed
Task Data:
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
accordance with tactical standing operating procedures. The staff is assembled
and is conducting initial IPB as part of mission analysis during MDMP. The threat
evaluation analysis is complete, and a refined doctrinal template has been created.
Some iterations of this task should be performed in MOPP4.
Standard: The air defense element identified and evaluated enemy air courses of
action (including SITTEMP, description of threat COA and options, and list of HVTs)
and desired end state. Specified the most likely and most dangerous enemy air
COAs. The ADO supported the development of situation and event templates that
assisted the staff in mission planning.
1. Brigade Air Defense section reviews initial SITTEMP and threat

COA planning overlays established by the S2 section.
GO
NO-GO
a. Operator analyzes initial SITTEMP and threat COA planning

overlays via CTP.
b. ADO determines how enemy will use his air assets in each
COA by considering:
(1) Likely locations of enemy FAARPs.
(2) Likely timing of air strikes or air assault operations.
(3) Likely targets and objectives. (Will the threat attempt
destruction or neutralization?)
(4) Likely air corridors and air avenues of approach (AAAs).
(5) Strike package composition, flight profiles, and spacing in
time and space, including altitudes.
(6) Where enemy ADA assets fit into the threat COA; i.e.
whether they need to be destroyed or suppressed to
ensure the operation's success.
(7) Threat ground COAs that might require movement of
friendly ADA assets.
NOTE: In determining enemy air COAs, air support is usually, though
not always, tied to ground maneuver operations. The employment
flexibility of modern aircraft makes the determination of specific COAs
extremely difficult.
c. Operator updates overlay in AMDWS to incorporate ADO's
aerial IPB analysis.
d. ADO reviews threat objectives/potential targets and provides
input to the S2 as necessary.
* 2. ADO evaluates the general COA the enemy may use and
determines how the threat might support them with air power.
a. Identifies how the enemy will use air assets to support each
COA (using fixed wing or rotary wing only, air assaulting
dismounted troops, etc.).
b. Evaluates and prioritizes each threat COA from an air defense
perspective.
c. Identifies the most likely and most dangerous enemy air COAs
to the S2.
3. ADO reviews the situational template.
a. Operator analyzes the SITTEMP overlay created by the S2.
b. ADO reviews SITTEMP to ensure enemy air actions are
represented.
c. ADO recommends updates to the S2 as appropriate.
* 4. ADO identifies enemy air collection requirements to be used to
refine S2's SITTEMP, high value target list, collection plan, NAIs,
event template, and event matrix.
a. Reviews the initial event template overlay and event template
from the Brigade S2 section.
b. Identifies specific enemy air-related NAIs within the battlefield
environment and provides input to the S2.
GO
NO-GO
GO
NO-GO
c. Provides recommendations to the S2/S3 on where and when to

collect for use in initial ISR planning.
NOTE: Event template will be continually refined during MDMP and
ISR processes, particularly during friendly COA analysis. A final
product of the IPB process will be the decision support template (DST)
which is developed by the staff during friendly COA development and
analysis.
5. ADO provides enemy air COA data to S2 and S3 section for input
into the BPV system.
6. Air Defense section disseminates the threat COAs, event template,
and event matrix to subordinate units.
7. ADO records enemy air COA data in staff estimate and provides
updates to S2 as enemy air threat changes.

Step Id
Product Id
----34-130

Step Id
Task Id
----441-ADO-5330WT92
1. c.
150-GPU-9101-WT07
1. c.
441-096-1145WT92
3. a.
4. a.
6.
7.
150-GPU-9103-WT07
150-GPU-9103-WT07
150-GPU-9103-WT07
441-ADO-5450WT92
Title
THE BATTLEFIELD
Title
Determine Aerial Threat COAs (ADO)
Elements (v.6.2.x)

Step Id
Task Id
----11-1-6724.11-WT06
-----
71-0-5330.71-WT02
-----
71-6-6000.20-WT44

ART
ART 5.3
Title
Determine Threat Courses of Action
(COAs) (IPB)
(COAs) (IPB)
(COAs)
Title

44-2-5230.44-WT92
Plan Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) (Air Defense

Element)
Status: Proposed
Last Changed 22 Dec 1999
Task Data:
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
Condition: The air defense element, as part of the digital brigade battle staff, is
conducting or preparing to conduct operations. AMDWS and FAAD Engagement
Operations (EO) systems are operational and passing information in accordance
with tactical standing operating procedures. The brigade has received a warning
order/operations order (WARNO/OPORD) from higher headquarters. The
commander has provided initial planning guidance. Some iterations of this task
should be performed in MOPP4.
Standard: The air defense element provided air defense input and assisted the staff
development of the ISR plan. The plan provided direction of the collection of
intelligence information in order to answer the commander's priority intelligence
requirements (PIRs).
1. Air Defense Officer receives Intelligence, Surveillance and

Reconnaissance (ISR) planning guidance from Brigade XO.
GO
NO-GO
2. ADO develops initial air defense ISR requirements as part of

mission analysis.
a. Identifies initial aerial threat-related PIRs.
b. Identifies higher headquarters aerial threat-related PIRs that
require brigade assets placed against them.
c. Nominates engineer specific information requirements (SIRs)
from the commander's PIRs.
3. ADO reviews ISR team's aerial threat-related related SIR
production and collection requirements.
a. Identifies Sentinel radar assets to be used to support collection
effort.
b. Concentrates early warning resources per air defense
priorities, and designated NAIs derived from IPB.
c. Identifies special considerations caused by early warning
radars.
NOTE: The ADO with the ISR Team identifies the proximity of the
collection assets to the NAI, environmental conditions, and signature
provided by the radars.
d. Reviews need for changes in task organization or independent
collection requirements.
e. Reviews support requirements for early warning teams if
necessary.
4. ADO assists the ISR team development of the initial ISR plan.
a. Develops ADA/Early Warning scheme of support in
coordination with the Brigade S3.
b. Develops and prioritizes specific orders and requests (SOR)
with ISR team.
c. Reviews ISR team initial plan.
(1) Reviews initial Event Template (matching NAIs against
CCIR) and compares SIRs to events to confirm when and
where to send assets.
(2) Reviews initial ISR plan guidance for clarity of what,
where, when, why, and who should collect as well as the
priority of SIRs.
(3) Reviews the order for the R&S mission and submits any
discrepancies to the Brigade S2 for review.
(4) Obtains completed initial ISR plan, overlay, and collection
matrix from the Brigade S2.
5. Air defense section ensures tasked early warning teams receive
the mission tasking order (OPORD or FRAGO) and ISR order from
the Brigade S3.
6. Identifies coverage gaps and submits RFIs through the Brigade S2
to higher headquarters.
GO
NO-GO
GO
NO-GO
7. The ADO participates in the development of a refined ISR Plan as

part of staff wargaming.
a. Receives refined battle staff products to include updated
PIR/IR, HVT, and HPTL.
b. Uses the commander's CCIR and situation/event template and
associates them with enemy COA in order to define collection
requirements of approved COA.
c. Recommends refinements to the ISR plan as determined by
integrating the early warning plan.
d. Coordinates aspects of maneuver with the Brigade S3.
8. Air defense section receives the completed ISR Annex including
ISR overlay and SITTEMP from the Brigade S2 and disseminates
to early warning teams.
9. Air Defense section coordinates with the ADA battalion to deploy
manual early sensors (ADA scouts) when required.
10. Air defense section updates the ADA staff estimate with ISR
information.
11. ADO reviews and updates the ISR plan as necessary with Brigade
S2 as the tactical situation progresses.
Supporting Products (References): None.

Step Id
Task Id
----441-ADO-5230WT92
10.
441-ADO-5450WT92
4. c. ( 4) 150-GPU-9103-WT07
Title
Plan ISR Operations (ADO)

Step Id
Task Id
----11-1-6740.11-WT06
Title
Plan Intelligence, Surveillance, and
Reconnaissance (ISR)
-----
71-0-5230.71-WT02
Supported BOS (AUTL): None.
Plan Intelligence, Surveillance, and

Reconnaissance (ISR)

44-2-5350.44-WT92
Receive the Mission (MDMP) (Air Defense Element)

Status: Proposed
Task Data:
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Major BOS: Exercise Command and Control
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
preparing to conduct combat operations. Communications are established with
subordinate and adjacent units and higher headquarters. AMDWS and FAAD
accordance with tactical standing operating procedures. The staff has received an
operation order/operation plan (OPORD/OPLAN) from higher headquarters. Some
iterations of this task should be performed in MOPP4.
Standard: Air defense element received the mission and conducted an initial mission
assessment with the battlestaff. Received WARNO 1 from the Brigade S3 section.
1. Air Defense Officer (ADO) gathers the tools needed to begin

mission analysis.
a. Retrieves the higher headquarters order (WARNO, FRAGO, or
OPORD), graphics, and any particular air defense-specific
reference materials and tools or the anticipated new mission
statement from the S3 section.
GO
NO-GO
GO
b. Gathers unit and higher headquarters SOPs, TACSOP,

applicable field manuals and specific reference materials and
planning tools.
c. Gathers any existing ADA staff estimates (higher headquarters
and own).
d. Updates ADA staff estimate as required.
NOTE: The air defense estimate is continuously refined at each step
of the military decision making process as well as during mission
preparation and execution to reflect and update air defense information
as it is determined. The air defense estimate provides the basis for
horizontal and vertical collaborative input, subordinate parallel plans
development and future brigade MDMP initiation.
2. ADO completes a quick initial assessment of the new mission
focusing on ADA operational requirements, adjustments,
considerations, and time available to plan.
3. ADO receives commander's initial guidance.
4. Air defense section retrieves a copy of the brigade WARNO 1 from
the S3 section via AMDWS or the brigade TACLAN.
5. ADO ensures subordinate air defense units receive WARNO 1 and
are aware of upcoming planning requirements.

Step Id
Task Id
1. a.
150-GPU-9110-WT07
1. d.
4.
441-ADO-5450WT92
150-GPU-9110-WT07
Title
Operate the OPLAN / OPORD
Application (v.6.2.x)
NO-GO

Step Id
Task Id
----11-1-6731.11-WT06
----71-0-5350.71-WT02
Title
Receive the Mission (MDMP)
Receive the Mission (MDMP)

44-2-5360.44-WT92
Conduct Mission Analysis (MDMP) (Air Defense Element)

Status: Proposed
Last Changed 14 Mar 2000
Task Data:
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
subordinate and adjacent units, and higher headquarters. AMDWS and FAAD
engagement operations (EO) systems are operational and are passing information
in accordance with tactical standing operating procedures. The staff has received a
warning order (WARNO) or operation plan (OPLAN) from higher headquarters with
the Area of Operations. WARNO 1 has been issued and the air defense element
has gathered the tools to begin mission analysis. Some iterations of this task
should be performed in MOPP4.
Standard: The air defense element analyzed the mission and determined a clear
picture of friendly and enemy air capabilities. Identified critical tasks and
capabilities pertaining to air defense. Understood task, purpose and end state of
the mission for both the maneuver unit and higher headquarters. Received the
commander's restated mission, intent and guidance in Brigade WARNO 2 and
disseminated to subordinate units.
* 1. Air defense section (ADO) retrieves a copy of higher headquarters

OPLAN/OPORD via CTP on AMDWS.
* 2. ADO analyzes base order and ADA annexes to ensure
understanding of:
a. Higher headquarters commander's intent, two levels up.
b. Higher headquarters mission, including tasks, constraints,
risks, available assets, and area of operations.
c. Concept of the operation to include any deception plan.
d. Time lines for mission execution.
e. The missions of adjacent (to include front and rear) units and
their relation to higher headquarters plan.
f. The assigned Area of Operations (AO).
GO
NO-GO
g. The ADA concept of operations from the higher headquarters

perspective.
3. ADO provides initial third dimensional IPB input to S2 for inclusion
into the S2's overall IPB estimate.
a. Defines the battlefield from an aerial perspective.
b. Describes the battlefield's effects on air operations.
c. Evaluates the aerial threat.
d. Determines aerial threat courses of action (COAs).
4. ADO identifies ADA specified, implied, and essential tasks.
a. Identifies ADA specified tasks from the base order, annexes,
and overlays.
b. Identifies ADA implied tasks derived from the higher
headquarters order, the enemy situation and courses of action,
and the terrain.
c. Identifies ADA essential tasks that must be executed to
accomplish the mission.
d. Provides specified, implied, and essential ADA tasks to S3
section for staff consolidation.
* 5. ADO analyzes air defense assets available for the following
information:
a. Combat power of units.
b. Status of ammunition on hand and en route (Stinger missiles,
25mm).
c. Potential command and support relationships.
NOTE: Command relationships may be organic, attached, assigned, or
OPCON/TACON. Support relationships may be general support,
general support-reinforcing, reinforcing, or direct support.
6. Identifies any air defense-related constraints and limitations
imposed by higher headquarters.
7. Identifies ADA critical facts and assumptions.
8. Identifies accident risk hazards and makes assessment of the risk
level for each hazard.
9. Recommends air defense-related information requirements (IR) to
the S2 section for staff review to become commander's critical
information requirements (CCIR) in the form of priority intelligence
requirements (PIR) about the enemy, essential elements of friendly
information (EEFI) to protect friendly forces from threat intelligence
gathering, and friendly forces information requirements (FFIR)
about the capabilities of own or adjacent units.
10. ADO uses initial IPB analysis to integrate air defense into the ISR
plan in coordination with the Brigade S2.
11. Creates ADA planning overlay on AMDWS. Overlay should portray:
a. Air Defense assets available.
b. Specified and implied ADA tasks in time and space.
GO
NO-GO
GO
NO-GO
c. Air defense-related Named Areas of Interest (NAIs).

NOTE: This overlay will serve as the basis for portraying the air
defense scheme of support for future tasks in MDMP. It will continue to
be updated during MDMP with the final product serving as the initial
overlay to support battle tracking.
12. ADO briefs air defense portion during mission analysis briefing, if
required. At a minimum, briefing includes:
a. Forces available (combat power of units, current and
projected).
b. Initial third dimensional IPB information.
c. Early warning coverage in the brigade AO.
d. Facts, assumptions, or possible risks pertaining to air defense.
13. ADO receives WARNO 2, commander's guidance and restated
mission from S3 section verbally or via AMDWS.
a. Focuses on the essential ADA tasks supporting mission
accomplishment.
b. Lists all maps, charts, or other documents required to
understand the estimate.
c. Transcribes the commander's restated mission.
14. Air defense element issues WARNO to air defense fire units,
Sensor sections and other battery elements. At a minimum, the
WARNO-a. Shows the brigade restated mission and mission two levels up.
b. Explains the brigade combat team organization (when
required).
c. Gives the general area of the mission(s).
d. Gives the time(s) of the mission(s).
15. ADO begins preparing the air defense staff estimate and ADA
annex to the brigade OPORD.
NOTE: ADO drafts "Mission" and "Situation and Considerations"
portions of the ADA staff estimate based on results from initial IPB and
MDMP. This will serve as the basis for the ADA annex.
16. Periodically reviews all available ADA facts and assumptions for
new or changed information and makes necessary adjustments.

Step Id
Product Id
----FM 101-5.
-----
ST 101-5
Title
Staff Organization and Operations. 31
May 1997.
COMMAND AND STAFF DECISION
PROCESSES

Step Id
Task Id
----441-ADO-5360WT92
1.
150-GPU-9110-WT07
11.
150-GPU-9101-WT07
11.
441-096-1145WT92
15.
3.
441-ADO-5450WT92
150-GPU-9103-WT07
Title
Conduct Mission Analysis (ADO)
Elements (v.6.2.x)

Step Id
Task Id
----11-1-6732.11-WT06
----71-0-5360.71-WT07

ART
ART 5.3
Title
Conduct Mission Analysis (MDMP)
Conduct Mission Analysis (MDMP)
Title

44-2-5410.44-WT92
Develop Courses of Action (COAs) (MDMP) (Air Defense Element)

Status: Proposed
Task Data:
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
in accordance with tactical standing operating procedures. The battle staff
completed mission analysis and associated products, and the commander has
provided initial planning guidance. Some iterations of this task should be performed
in MOPP4.
Standard: Air defense element assisted in developing COAs consistent with the
commander's guidance. Incorporated air defense capabilities into each COA. ADO
briefed air defense aspects of each COA during the COA brief to the commander as
required.
* 1. Air defense section assists the brigade staff as it analyzes relative

combat power.
a. Determines the effect that available air defense unit assets
have on force ratios.
GO
NO-GO
GO
NO-GO
b. Compares friendly ADA strengths against enemy weaknesses,

and vice versa.
2. Reviews the planning overlays created by the S2 and S3 sections
that generated options for COA development and portrayed the
initial array of forces for each COA.
3. Develops an initial ADA scheme of support for each COA as an
overlay in AMDWS.
a. Identifies ADA tasks to support each COA.
b. Considers criticality, vulnerability, recuperability, and threat in
determining recommended air defense priorities.
c. Task organizes available air defense forces to defend brigade
air defense priorities for each friendly COA based on the S2's
threat assessment and commander's intent.
NOTE: Priorities may include maneuver units, aviation, artillery, C2
nodes, reserve forces, and critical assets. In conjunction with the
reinforced S3, the ADO should plan for adding depth to the battlefield
by defending critical assets in the rear area (BSA and Brigade TOC),
while allowing the reinforced unit to mass fires on divisional maneuver
priorities.
d. ADO designs initial radar coverage concept (if sensors are
available) that ensures radar coverage of low-altitude
approaches to brigade area, with priority to front, flank, or rear
areas.
4. Provides air defense input into the development of the COA
statements and sketches.
* 5. ADO participates in COA briefing to the commander as required.
6. ADO records air defense aspects of each COA in air defense staff
estimate.

Step Id
Product Id
----FM 101-5.
-----
ST 101-5

Step Id
Task Id
----441-ADO-5410WT92
Title
May 1997.
PROCESSES
Title
Develop ADA Concept of Support for
Each COA (ADO)
2.
3. d.
150-GPU-9103-WT07
441-096-1145WT92
4.
150-GPU-9101-WT07
6.
441-ADO-5450WT92

Elements (v.6.2.x)

Step Id
Task Id
----11-1-6733.11-WT06
-----
71-0-5410.71-WT02
-----
71-6-5410.71-WT07

ART
ART 5.4
Title
Develop Courses of Action (COAs)
(MDMP)
Develop Courses of Action (COAs)
(MDMP)
Develop Courses of Action (OLD)
Title
Plan Tactical Operations Using the Military Decision
Making Process/Troop Leading Procedures

44-2-5420.44-WT92
Analyze Courses of Action (COAs) (MDMP) (Air Defense Element)

Status: Proposed
Task Data:
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
in accordance with tactical standing operating procedures. The battlestaff has
received an Operation Order/Operation Plan (OPORD/OPLAN) from higher
headquarters. The commander has provided planning guidance and the staff has
developed one or more COAs. Some iterations of this task should be performed in
MOPP4.
Standard: The brigade air defense element evaluated each COA with respect to the
wargame method that was chosen. Assessed the suitability and feasibility of each
COA from an ADA standpoint. Developed an initial air defense supporting plan for
each COA based upon the war gaming.
1. Brigade air defense officer (ADO) gathers the following tools to

analyze the Courses of Action:
GO
NO-GO
a. Air defense planning overlays created during mission analysis

and updated during COA development.
b. Previous notes from previous steps of MDMP.
c. Air defense data for input into the Battle Planning and
Visualization (BPV) system as required.
2. ADO verifies S3's list of friendly ADA forces.
3. ADO verifies S3's list of assumptions to ensure air defense-related
assumptions are accurate.
4. ADO verifies S3's list of critical events and decision points for air
defense input.
5. ADO receives and reviews COA evaluation criteria once
determined by the Brigade S3/XO.
* 6. ADO participates with the staff in analyzing the selected events of
each COA from a combined arms and air defense perspective
using the wargaming method selected by the Brigade S3/XO.
NOTE: Entire COAs are not wargamed in detail -- only those key
events specified by the S3 or XO. For example, actions on objective
and at critical points such as an engagement area, river crossing site,
or landing zone. After the commander has approved one COA, but
before the staff produces the order or plan, the staff must refine and
wargame the minor pieces of the plan and annotate the results in the
scheme of maneuver paragraph of the OPORD.
a. Identifies and confirms the locations of decision points, NAIs
and TAIs, and what information is needed to support decision
points pertaining to enemy air threat.
b. Provides general air defense-related actions pertaining to the
maneuver COA.
c. Identifies the ADA unit assets required to support the scheme
of maneuver (Linebacker, Avenger, Stinger, Sentinel, etc.).
d. Determines the air defense and combined arms risks
associated with each COA.
e. Determines the strengths, weaknesses and rationale of each
event of each COA from the air defense perspective.
NOTE: This information will be used later to support comparison of
COAs.
7. ADO assists the S3 with the development of the synchronization
matrix which includes the synchronization of following key ADA
battlefield events:
a. Changes in air defense priorities.
b. Changes in Air Defense Warning and/or Weapons Control
Status (ADW/WCS) based on expected battlefield events.
c. Adjustments to air defense unit task organization.
d. Early warning system coverage.
GO
NO-GO
GO
NO-GO
8. ADO further refines the initial air defense scheme of support plan
developed during COA development to incorporate the analysis of
the COAs.
9. Air defense section records results of COA analysis in ADA staff
estimate.

Step Id
Product Id
----FM 101-5.
-----
ST 101-5

Step Id
Task Id
----441-ADO-5420WT92
1. a.
150-GPU-9101-WT07
1. a.
441-096-1145WT92
9.
441-ADO-5450WT92
Title
May 1997.
PROCESSES
Title
Wargame ADA Concept of Support
(ADO)
Elements (v.6.2.x)

Step Id
Task Id
----11-1-6734.11-WT06
-----
71-0-5420.71-WT07
-----
71-6-5420.71-WT02
Title
Analyze Courses of Action (COAs)
(MDMP)
Analyze Courses of Action (COAs)
(MDMP)
Analyze Courses of Action (COAs) (OLD)

ART
ART 5.4
Title

44-2-5430.44-WT92
Compare Courses of Action (COAs) (MDMP) (Air Defense Element)

Status: Proposed
Task Data:
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
preparing to conduct operations. Communications are established with subordinate
units, adjacent units, and higher headquarters. AMDWS and FAAD engagement
operations (EO) systems are operational and are passing information in accordance
with tactical standing operating procedures. The brigade has received an Operation
Order/Operation Plan (OPORD/OPLAN) from higher headquarters. The battlestaff
has developed and analyzed courses of action (COAs) consistent with the
commander's guidance. The S3 or XO has determined COA evaluation criteria.
Standard: Compared each developed COA consistent with the evaluation criteria.
Identified the preferred COA from an air defense standpoint and made
recommendations to the commander as required.
1. ADO analyzes and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of

each COA.
a. Provides an assessment of each COA from an air defense
perspective.
GO
NO-GO
GO
b. Identifies any ADA unit and equipment shortfalls for each COA.
c. Identifies ADA advantages and disadvantages for each COA
(or strengths and weaknesses).
2. ADO scores each COA using the evaluation criteria, highlights COA
advantages and disadvantages and provides analysis to the S3
section.
3. ADO uses the decision matrix created by the S3 section to
compare COAs using one evaluation criteria category at a time.
4. ADO analyzes decision matrix data to identify overall ADA
advantages and disadvantages of COAs with respect to each other.
5. ADO records ADA-specific information from COA Analysis and
COA Comparison in the ADA staff estimate (if required).
6. ADO identifies the COA that has the highest probability of success
against the threat most likely and most dangerous COA.
NOTE: The selected COA should also minimize risk, best position the
force for future operations, provide the best flexibility to meet
unknowns, and provide maximum latitude for initiative by subordinates.
* 7. ADO participates in the Bde staff's determination of the
recommeded COA to the XO. Recommends the best COA from the
overall ADA perspective.
* 8. The air defense section updates the staff estimate to reflect course
of action comparison conclusions.
NOTE: This completes the "Recommendation and Conclusions"
portion of the ADA staff estimate.

Step Id
Task Id
----441-ADO-5430WT92
5.
441-ADO-5450WT92
Title
Compare Course of Action (ADO)
NO-GO

Step Id
Task Id
----11-1-6735.11-WT06
-----
71-0-5430.71-WT07
Title
Compare Courses of Action (COAs)
(MDMP)
Compare Courses of Action (COAs)
(MDMP)

44-2-5450.44-WT92
Produce Order or Plans (MDMP) (Air Defense Element)

Status: Proposed
Task Data:
Type: Unit
MOPP: Sometimes
Common: No
Night Vision: No
Staff Task: Yes
Restricted Read: No
Approved:
Obsolete:
preparing to conduct combat operations. Communications are established with
subordinate units, adjacent units, and higher headquarters. AMDWS and FAAD
in accordance with tactical standing operating procedures. The battlestaff has
received an Operations Order/Operations Plan (OPORD/OPLAN) from higher
headquarters. The commander has either chosen a COA or directed a single COA
to be developed in detail, and has provided additional guidance.
Standard: Completed the air defense plan and prepared ADA Annex to brigade
OPORD within the time standard established by the XO. ADA Annex clearly stated
the air defense mission and ADA commander's intent and fully supported the
maneuver force scheme of maneuver.
1. ADO finalizes ADA concept based on commanders decisions and

guidance. Concept-a. Adheres to guidelines of mutual support and balanced fires.
GO
NO-GO
b. Task organizes air defense assets to defend maneuver units

and critical assets, and weighs the brigade main effort.
c. Synchronizes air defense protection with other ADA units in the
AO.
d. Plans for continuous and reliable early warning to brigade
elements.
e. Includes anti-fratricide plan.
f. Includes a general scheme of maneuver.
g. Includes command and support relationships.
2. Coordinates with S2 and S3 on the following key air defense
battlefield events:
a. Air defense priorities for each enemy COA and phase of the
battle.
b. ADA actions for close, deep, and rear operations at each
phase of the battle pertaining to the decided COA.
c. Weapons system coverages for elements passing through
choke points.
d. Actions that defend forward maneuver units against enemy
attack helicopter regiments and critical assets in division and
rear areas against frontal aviation assets.
e. Organic early warning radar coverage and HIMAD coverage, if
available.
NOTE: If S2 or S3 are unavailable, reviews OPORD/OPLAN and COA
sketches using CTP via AMDWS.
3. ADO assists the S3 with the completion of the synch matrix and
DST for the selected COA.
4. Air Defense section produces the ADA annex as follows:
a. Paragraph 1, SITUATION, addresses the enemy fixed wing,
rotary wing, UAV, and cruise missile threat.
b. Paragraph 2, MISSION, states the ADA mission in support of
the base OPORD derived from the approved COA and the
brigade commander's guidance.
c. Paragraph 3, EXECUTION, provides:
(1) The overall concept of ADA operations to include the
commander's intent, objectives, and priorities.
(2) Tasks to subordinate ADA units.
(3) Coordinating Instructions, including:
( a) Air defense warning (ADW) and ADW authority.
( b) Weapons control status (WCS) and WCS authority.
( c) State of readiness (SOR) plan.
( d) Hostile criteria to assist in the identification of friendly
or hostile aircraft/actions.
( e) Rules of engagement (ROE) unique to the operation.
( f) Passive air defense measures.
( g) Combined arms for air defense measures.
GO
NO-GO
GO
NO-GO
( h) Early warning method and format for passing early

warning to the entire force.
d. Paragraph 4, SERVICE SUPPORT, includes following ADArelated service support issues:
(1) Procedures for Stinger missile resupply.
(2) Support relationships of subordinate units (direct support,
general support, reinforcing, or general supportreinforcing).
e. Paragraph 5, COMMAND AND SIGNAL, plans for command
and signal:
(1) ADA command post locations.
(2) ADA succession of command.
(3) ADA nets and frequencies.
(4) Identification of friend or foe (IFF) codes being used, to
include edition and book number.
(5) Sensor platoon frequencies and locations.
* 5. Air defense section digitally forwards the ADA annex to the S3 via
AMDWS or posts to S3 shared folder on the brigade TACLAN.
6. Air defense section reviews the Brigade OPORD for air defense
data synchronization throughout staff sections.
* 7. ADO briefs the air defense scheme of operations at the brigade
OPORD briefing. Briefing includes:
a. ADA unit task organization.
b. Air defense priorities for each enemy COA and phase of the
battle.
c. ADA actions for close, deep, and rear operations at each
phase of the battle.
d. ADW/WCS at each phase of the battle.
e. Organic early warning radar coverage and HIMAD coverage, if
available.

Step Id
Product Id
----34-130
-----
FM 101-5.
-----
FM 44-100
Title
THE BATTLEFIELD
May 1997.
US ARMY AIR DEFENSE OPERATIONS

Step Id
Task Id
2.
441-ADO-5600WT92
4.
150-GPU-9110-WT07
4.
5.
441-ADO-5451WT92
150-GPU-9103-WT07
Title
Synchronize Air and Missile Defense
Operations (ADO)
Prepare Air Defense Annex

Step Id
Task Id
----11-1-6737.11-WT06
----71-0-5450.71-WT02
----71-6-5450.71-WT07
----71-6-9450.20-WT02

ART
ART 5.4
Title
Produce Order or Plans (MDMP)
Produce Order or Plans (MDMP)
Complete the Plan (OLD)
Produce Order or Plans
Title

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ADA Section

IPB, ISR AND THE

DEFINE THE BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONMENT (IPB) (AIR DEFENSE ELEMENT). .284

Report Date: 31 Jan 2002

Define the Battlefield Environment (IPB) (Air Defense Element)

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

1. ADA staff section accesses brigade AO overlay in the Joint

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

a. Considers aspects of the air threat outside of AO that may

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

9. Exports the battlefield environment overlay to higher headquarters

Supporting Products (References)

Supporting Individual Tasks

Prerequisite Collective Tasks: None.

Supporting Collective Tasks: None.

Supported Collective Tasks

Supported BOS (AUTL)

Define the Battlefield Environment (IPB)

Report Date: 31 Jan 2002

Describe the Battlefield's Effects (IPB) (Air Defense Element)

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

1. Air Defense operator analyzes the Brigade Combined Obstacles

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

* 3. ADO analyzes air-related military aspects of the terrain using

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

* 6. ADO analyzes the effects of other characteristics of the battlefield;

Supporting Products (References)

Supporting Individual Tasks

Prerequisite Collective Tasks: None.

Supporting Collective Tasks: None.

Supported Collective Tasks

Supported BOS (AUTL)

Report Date: 31 Jan 2002

Evaluate the Aerial Threat (IPB) (Air Defense Element)

Standard: The enemy air threat is determined in terms of the commander's

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

b. ADO evaluates current enemy air order of battle (OB) files on

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

7. ADO provides S2 with updated air threat information as part of

Supporting Products (References)

Supporting Individual Tasks

Prerequisite Collective Tasks: None.

Supporting Collective Tasks: None.

Supported Collective Tasks

Supported BOS (AUTL)

Report Date: 31 Jan 2002

Determine Aerial Threat Courses of Action (COAs) (IPB) (Air Defense

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

1. Brigade Air Defense section reviews initial SITTEMP and threat

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

a. Operator analyzes initial SITTEMP and threat COA planning

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

c. Provides recommendations to the S2/S3 on where and when to

Supporting Products (References)

Supporting Individual Tasks

Prerequisite Collective Tasks: None.

Supporting Collective Tasks: None.

Supported Collective Tasks

Supported BOS (AUTL)

Report Date: 31 Jan 2002

Plan Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) (Air Defense

TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

1. Air Defense Officer receives Intelligence, Surveillance and