Ata-51 Airbus

British Airways Engineering Training Centre
ATA 51 B1
A318/19/20/21 Single Aisle Family
ETBN 0406 A318/19/20/21
STL 945.1380/05 Issue 1
ISSUE 1 MARCH 2008
Your Course Notes

These notes have been prepared by British
Airways Engineering Training to provide a
source of reference during your period of
training.
The information presented is as correct as
possible at the time of printing and is not
subject to amendment action.
They will be useful to you during your
training, but I must emphasise that the
appropriate Approved Technical Publications
must always be used when you are actually
working on the aircraft.
I trust your stay with us will be informative
and enjoyable.
JOHN QUINLISK
Training and Quality Delivery Manager
SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
STRUCTURE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0
Structure General (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Doors D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Fuselage D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
A318 Fuselage D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Pylons/Nacelles D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Stabilizers D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
A318 Stabilizers D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160
Windows D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194
Wings D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .208
Structure Damage Identification D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256
Window Damage Identification D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288
SRM D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .298
Window Damage Assessment D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .438
Damage Assessment Example 1 D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .454
Damage Assessment Example 2 D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .518
A318 Damage Assessment Example 3 D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .582
Structure Protections & Awareness D/O (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .654
Damage Assessment Ex. 1 Operational Scenario (3) . . . . . . . . . . . .686
Damage Assessment Ex. 2 Operational Scenario (3) . . . . . . . . . . . .694
A318 Damage Assessment Ex. 3 Operat. Scenario(3) . . . . . . . . . . .702
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
May 11, 2006

Page 1
STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

AIRCRAFT MATERIALS
METALLIC MATERIALS
The basic A/C structure is made of aluminum alloys with stainless
steel and titanium alloys in specific areas.
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
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Composite materials are used for primary and secondary structure.

Composite materials represent about 15% of the A/C structural weight.
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) is mainly used for primary
structures, whilst Aramid Fiber Reinforced Plastic (AFRP) and Glass
Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) are only used for secondary
structures.

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AIRCRAFT MATERIALS - METALLIC MATERIALS & COMPOSITE MATERIALS

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Page 3

STRUCTURE PROTECTION
AIRCRAFT DRAINAGE
Wings and fuselage have different types of drains. Holes and gaps are
meant to be used for a natural drainage of the fluid collection points.
Drain holes are drilled before application of pretreatments. Remote
drains are used when natural drainage is not possible.
SURFACE PRETREATMENT
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The protection of the structure against corrosion is achieved by means

of appropriate surface pretreatment of the metallic parts.
Aluminum alloys: the primary protection is generally a pure aluminum
cladding. The main pretreatment used is the unsealed chromic acid
anodizing.
Titanium alloys: surface interfaying with aluminum alloy parts are
zinc sprayed. The other titanium alloy surfaces are left bare. Titanium
fasteners are either sulphuric acid anodized or aluminum coated.
Composite materials are left bare.

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STRUCTURE PROTECTION - AIRCRAFT DRAINAGE & SURFACE PRETREATMENT

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STRUCTURE PROTECTION (continued)
PAINT SYSTEM
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Before the final paint system, all aluminum parts are primed. The
paint system used includes polyurethane primers and paint on the
external surfaces, and epoxy primers and polyurethane paint on the
internal surfaces. Anti-slip paint is the overwing escape zones.

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STRUCTURE PROTECTION - PAINT SYSTEM

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STRUCTURE PROTECTION (continued)
NO STEP AREAS
Protective mats are required on the horizontal stabilizer as it is a carbon
fiber structure.
JACKING POINTS
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Three jacking points are provided, one below each wing outboard of the
pylon and one in front of the NLG bay.

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STRUCTURE PROTECTION & JACKING POINTS

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Page 9

A318 STRUCTURE DIFFERENCES
The Main structure differences between the A319/A320/A321 and the
A318 are due to the reduced length of the fuselage. There are several
general structure changes, laser beam welded structures and the vertical
stabilizer fin tip extension.
GENERAL STRUCTURE CHANGES
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The main general structure changes are:

- on section 17, due to reduced length of the fuselage, the longitudinal
beams, the seat rails and the Z-profiles are replaced by new ones. The
crossbeams at FRame 52, FR53 and FR54 are removed. New
crossbeams are installed between FR55 to FR64,
- due to its location in the non-cylindrical part of the fuselage, a new
cargo sill box replaces the A319/A320/A321 one's, in section 17,
- on section 15, the A319/A320/A321 skin panels have been modified.
For weight reduction the A318 skin panels are thinner than the
A319/A320/A321 one's,
- the aft part of the belly fairing is modified due to an overlap with
non-cylindrical part of the fuselage. To avoid interference with cargo
compartment door, the A318 belly fairing is two panels shorter than
the A319/A320/A321 one's.

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A318 STRUCTURE DIFFERENCES - GENERAL STRUCTURE CHANGES

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A318 STRUCTURE DIFFERENCES (continued)
VERTICAL STABILIZER
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Compared with A319/A320/A321 A/Cs, the A318 vertical stabilizer

fin tip is 750 mm (29,5 in.) longer.
The new developed tip is completely made of GFRP. There is an
additional fin leading edge panel. There is a new spar and a new CFRP
adaptor box, between the fin base and the fin tip.
The metallic rudder tip is longer by 100 mm in vertical direction. The
rudder trailing edge is increased in width by 50 mm.

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A318 STRUCTURE DIFFERENCES - VERTICAL STABILIZER

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LASER BEAM WELDING
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The technology used for the A319/A320/A321 A/Cs is riveted

skin/stringer. On the A318, the skin/stringer connections are welded.
The new laser beam welded skin panels are installed in:
- the sections 13/14, FR24 to FR35, stringers 18 to 32,
- the sections 16/17, FR47/54 to FR64, stringers 32 to 41.
The skin panels are made thicker where the stringers are welded onto
them.

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A318 STRUCTURE DIFFERENCES - LASER BEAM WELDING

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CARGO DOORS
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The A318 forward and aft cargo doors are smaller. The new cargo
door width is reduced from 1.82 m (71.5 in) to 1.28 m (50.5 in). The
under-floor cargo offers a usable volume of 21.21 m3. There is no
containerized cargo system option.

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A318 STRUCTURE DIFFERENCES - CARGO DOORS

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DOORS D/O (3)

GENERAL
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The fuselage has:

- 4 passenger/crew doors,
- 2 or 4, emergency exits depending on the A/C type,
- 2 cargo compartment doors,
- 1 bulk cargo compartment door (A320 & A321 only),
- landing gear bay doors and access doors for servicing and maintenance.

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GENERAL
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DOORS D/O (3)

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT DOORS
PASSENGER/CREW DOOR
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The aircraft has four type C passenger doors, located on each side of
the fuselage at frame (Fr) 16/20 and 66/68.
Normal operation of the door is possible from the inside and the
outside of the aircraft. Arming of the emergency operation is only
possible from inside.
The doors are of fail-safe, plug-type construction. The structure is of
conventional design, composed of an outer skin, frame segments and
beams. Edgemembers built a surrouding frame on which hinge fittings
and locking mechanisms are installed. The loads resulting from cabin
pressure are transferred by stop fittings located on each side of the
door and the frame.
All the doors include an evacuation system. The escape slides or slide
/ rafts are stowed at the lower part of the passenger/crew door.

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DOORS D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

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PASSENGER COMPARTMENT DOORS - PASSENGER/CREW DOOR

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DOORS D/O (3)
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DOORS D/O (3)

PASSENGER COMPARTMENT DOORS (continued)
EMERGENCY EXIT DOORS
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On A318 and A319 aircraft are two Type III overwing emergency
exits installed, one on each side of the fuselage.
The A320 aircraft has four Type III overwing emergency exit doors,
two on each side of the fuselage.
In an emergency, these exits can be opened manually.
These emergency exits are of conventional plug type construction and
contain a standard size passenger cabin window.
The A321 aircraft has four Type "C" emergency exits, one on each
side of the fuselage sections 14A and 16A, between Fr 35.1 and 35.3A
and between Fr 47.2A and 47.4. The structural design and operation
of these plug-type exits is similar to the passenger doors.
In an emergency, these exits can be opened manually; they are operated
like the passenger doors.
These emergency exits are of conventional plug-type construction.
A slide (or slide/raft) is installed in a compartment below each door.

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DOORS D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

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PASSENGER COMPARTMENT DOORS - EMERGENCY EXIT DOORS

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DOORS D/O (3)
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DOORS D/O (3)

CARGO COMPARTMENT DOORS
FWD & AFT CARGO DOORS
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Two doors in the lower RH side of the fuselage provide access to the
main cargo compartments.
These doors are designed to carry loads from differential pressure and
circumferential loads of the frames from the fuselage. With this
consideration, they are of conventional design and have:
- an outer and inner skins,
- an internal structure of drop-forged machined circumferential frames.
The upper ends of these frames are connected to the hinges for the
door, and the lower ends are attachment for the locking hooks. The
A318 cargo doors cutout is reduced by 534 mm (one frame pitch).

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DOORS D/O (3)
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CARGO COMPARTMENT DOORS - FWD & AFT CARGO DOORS

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DOORS D/O (3)

CARGO COMPARTMENT DOORS (continued)
BULK CARGO DOOR (A320 & A321 ONLY)
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The bulk cargo compartment, at the rear, has a conventional plug-type

door, located between Fr 60 and 62.
The door is operated, locked and unlocked manually and can be opened
from the outside.
It is opened by pushing inward and upward and is locked in the open
position onto the ceiling of the compartment. (In this compartment,
nets are provided to maintain the clearance for the door opening). The
weight of the door is compensated by a torsion bar. The door is
connected to the door locking warning system.

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DOORS D/O (3)
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CARGO COMPARTMENT DOORS - BULK CARGO DOOR (A320 & A321 ONLY)
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DOORS D/O (3)

ACCESS & SERVICE DOORS
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The access doors are installed in the aircraft for inspection of the structure
and to give access to maintenance. Service doors are installed in the
fuselage to give access to the servicing of systems.
All access and service doors are opened and closed manually.
Access and service doors are illustrated as follows:
- Avionics compartment door: there are four avionic compartment doors
like the one illustrated. This avionics compartment access door is installed
in the lower shell of the fuselage between Fr 3 and Fr 5 in a pressurized
area. The door can be opened from the inside or the outside.
- APU doors: The APU access doors are installed in the fuselage tail cone
in Zone 310. These doors are located in the lower part of the fuselage
between Fr 80A and Fr 84A. The doors give you access to the APU for
maintenance.
There are also access and service doors - not-illustrated: These doors are
located in the fuselage and belly fairing for water, waste, external power
and maintenance.

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ACCESS & SERVICE DOORS

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DOORS D/O (3)

LANDING GEAR DOORS
NOSE LANDING GEAR (NLG) DOORS
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Landing gear doors give protection to the landing gear when the
aircraft is in flight.
The nose and auxiliary landing gear doors have five parts:
- two forward doors, hydraulically actuated, which can be closed with
the gear in the extended or retracted position. These doors are made
from CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) sandwich materials
with a honeycomb core. They are hinged to the landing gear bay
longitudinal edges.
- two aft doors, linked to the gear by a rotating rod, which are made
from CFRP sandwich materials with an honeycomb core. The purpose
of these doors hinged to the landing gear bay rear lateral edge, is to
allow the forward doors to be retracted when the gear is extended.
- one small door (fixed door) attached to the landing gear leg is made
from aluminum alloy.

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DOORS D/O (3)
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LANDING GEAR DOORS - NOSE LANDING GEAR (NLG) DOORS

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DOORS D/O (3)

LANDING GEAR DOORS (continued)
MAIN LANDING GEAR (MLG) DOORS
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The main landing gear doors are made from CFRP sandwich materials
with a honeycomb core, and have three parts:
- a main door, hydraulically actuated, which is hinged to the fuselage
keel beam parallel to the aircraft center line and can be closed with
the gear in the extended or retracted position,
- a fairing attached to the gear leg (fixed fairing door),
- a small door hinged to the wing structure in the neighborhood of the
upper end of the main leg (hinged fairing door).
All doors are part of the fuselage belly fairing and wing lower surface
in closed position.

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LANDING GEAR DOORS - MAIN LANDING GEAR (MLG) DOORS

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DOORS D/O (3)
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FUSELAGE D/O (3)

GENERAL
FUSELAGE LAYOUT
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The fuselage is divided into five main parts:

- the nose forward fuselage (ATA 53-10-00),
- the forward fuselage (ATA 53-20-00),
- the center fuselage (ATA 53-30-00),
- the rear fuselage (ATA 53-40-00),
- and the cone/rear fuselage (ATA 53-50-00).

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GENERAL - FUSELAGE LAYOUT

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FUSELAGE D/O (3)

GENERAL (continued)
FUSELAGE BREAKDOWN
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Compared with the A320, the A321 forward fuselage is eight frame
bays longer (additional section 14A, extending between frames (Fr)
35 and 35.8).
The A321 rear fuselage is five frame bays longer (additional section
16A, extending between Fr 47 and Fr 47.5.
Compared with the A320, the A319 forward fuselage (section 13/14)
and the rear fuselage (section 16/17) are respectively three frame bays
and four frame bays shorter.

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GENERAL - FUSELAGE BREAKDOWN

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FUSELAGE D/O (3)

NOSE FORWARD FUSELAGE
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
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The nose forward fuselage includes section 11, between Fr 1 and Fr

12, and section 12, from Fr 12 to Fr 24.
The pressurized zone extends from Fr 1 to Fr 24.
The unpressurized zones are the radome, forward of Fr 1 and the nose
landing gear bay.
The structure of the nose forward fuselage has three parts:
- the forward upper structure, between Fr 1 and 11, which makes the
flight deck,
- the aft upper structure, between Fr 12 and 24, which makes the
forward part of the passenger cabin,
- the lower structure between Fr 1 and 24.

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NOSE FORWARD FUSELAGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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FUSELAGE D/O (3)

NOSE FORWARD FUSELAGE (continued)
FORWARD & AFT UPPER STRUCTURES
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The forward upper structure between Fr 1 and Fr 12 includes:

- closed frames,
- opened frames at level of openings for windshield and side windows,
- the forward pressure bulkhead,
- the flight deck floor support structure including two lateral boxes,
- the skin panels and the windshield frames,
The skin panels just above and below the windshield are made of
titanium alloy for bird impact requirements.
The aft upper structure, between Fr 12 and Fr 24, is the forward
passenger compartment and contains:
- the forward passenger/crew door between Fr 16 and 20,
- conventional assembly of skin, stringers and frames,
- the floor support structure.

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NOSE FORWARD FUSELAGE - FORWARD & AFT UPPER STRUCTURES

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FUSELAGE D/O (3)

LOWER STRUCTURE
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This part of section 11/12 contains the nose landing gear bay, access
and service door cutouts.
The nose landing gear bay is shaped by three machined panels
reinforced by horizontal and vertical extruded sections attached to the
corresponding frames. The lower parts of Fr 9 and Fr 20 are the
forward and rear limits of the gear bay.
The lower fuselage comprises three skin panels. The central panel has
an opening for access between Fr 3 and 5 and the opening for the nose
landing gear bay between Fr 9 and 20.
The right hand side panel has two openings for access, between Fr 12
and 14 and Fr 21 and 23.

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NOSE FORWARD FUSELAGE - LOWER STRUCTURE

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FUSELAGE D/O (3)

FORWARD FUSELAGE
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
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This area of the fuselage lies between Fr 24 and Fr 35.

It contains the front part of the passenger cabin and beneath the cabin
floor and the forward cargo compartment. The forward cargo door is
on the starboard side.
The A321 section 14A extends from Fr 35 to Fr 35.8.
Section 14A is of similar construction to section 13/14 but includes
the emergency exit cut-outs (one on each side of the fuselage) between
Fr 35.1 and Fr 35.2A.

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FORWARD FUSELAGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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FUSELAGE D/O (3)

FORWARD FUSELAGE (continued)
TYPICAL STRUCTURE
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This section is of conventional construction composed primarily of

chemically milled skin panels, frames and stringers made in sheet
metal.
The standard frames have a common Z-shaped section made from
formed sheet, which provides a continuous structural member attached
to the skin and stringers by sheet metal cleats.
The structure of the cabin floor has:
- cross beams,
- seat tracks,
- floor support struts,
- floor panels.

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FORWARD FUSELAGE - TYPICAL STRUCTURE

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FUSELAGE D/O (3)

CENTER FUSELAGE
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
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The fuselage center section (section 15) extends from Fr 35 to Fr 47

for A320, from Fr 35.8 to Fr 47 for A321 and from Fr 35 to Fr 47/51
for A319.
The upper section includes part of the passenger compartment.
The passenger floor structure is made of longitudinal beams, seat and
support tracks, support struts and floor panels.
The lower section is non-pressurized and integrates:
- the center wing box which extends across the width of the fuselage.
The two main frames 36 and 42 are also part of the center wing box,
- the main landing gear bay between Fr 42 and Fr 46,
- the keel beam which keeps the longitudinal structural continuity of
the lower fuselage,
- the belly fairing supporting structure, panels and doors.

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CENTER FUSELAGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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FUSELAGE D/O (3)

CENTER FUSELAGE (continued)
KEEL BEAM
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The longitudinal structural continuity of the lower fuselage in this

area is maintained by the keel beam.
This beam is an aluminum alloy box structure, including skins,
stringers and ribs, and provides attachments for the main landing gear
doors and door actuators.
In its center area, the keel beam side walls are connected to the
wing-box aft lower panel.

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CENTER FUSELAGE - KEEL BEAM

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FUSELAGE D/O (3)

BELLY FAIRING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
The belly fairing includes a substructure made of aluminum alloy

frames and webs which are attached to the fuselage via fittings and
rods.
This substructure supports the panels made of composite materials.
The belly fairing also includes the landing gear doors, external access
panels and access doors for maintenance.

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 52
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
CENTER FUSELAGE - BELLY FAIRING

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 53
FUSELAGE D/O (3)

REAR FUSELAGE - A319 & A320 GENERAL
ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
The rear fuselage assembly is a pressurized area, which extends from Fr

47 to Fr 70.
The A319 and A320 rear fuselage is divided into two sections (the A321
has an additional section 16A):
- section 16/17 between Fr 47 and Fr 64,
- section 18 between Fr 64 and Fr 70.
Section 16/17 is shorter by four frames than on the A320.
The upper part of the fuselage contains the aft section of the passenger
cabin and the aft passenger/crew doors located between Fr 66 and Fr 68.
The lower part contains the aft cargo compartment. The aft cargo
compartment door is installed between Fr 52A and Fr 56 (RH side); the
bulk cargo compartment door is installed between Fr 60 and Fr 62 (RH
side).
The design of section 16/17 is similar to that of forward fuselage sections
(typical skin, stringer and frame arrangement).
Skin panels of the lower area have support attachment structures for the
belly fairing rear part.

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 54
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
REAR FUSELAGE - A319 & A320 GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 55
FUSELAGE D/O (3)

REAR FUSELAGE - A321 GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
The A321 rear fuselage assembly is a pressurized area, which extends

from Fr 47 to Fr 70.
The A321 rear fuselage is divided into three sections:
- section 16/17 and 18 which are similar to the A320,
- section 16A,
The section 16A of the A321 fuselage extends from Fr 47 to Fr 47.5.
The section 16A includes the passenger cabin part in the upper section,
and beneath the cabin floor, the forward part of the rear cargo
compartment.
The section 16A is of similar construction to section 16/17 but includes
the emergency exit cut-outs (one on each side of the fuselage) between
Fr 47.2A and Fr 47.4.The slide/slide-raft is installed in a separate
compartment below each door.

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 56
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
REAR FUSELAGE - A321 GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 57
FUSELAGE D/O (3)

CONE/REAR FUSELAGE
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
This section comprises the un-pressurized part of the rear fuselage

extending from Fr 70 to Fr 87.
It includes:
- the mounting structures for the vertical and horizontal stabilizers,
- the rear pressure bulkhead,
- a jacking point,
- attachment structure for the tail cone, which houses the Auxiliary
Power Unit (APU).
It is divided into two main sections:
- section 19 between Fr 70 and Fr 77,
- section 19.1(tail cone) aft of Fr 77.
Section 19 is composed of chemically milled skins, riveted stringers
and frames.
The side skin panels include the horizontal stabilizer cut-out. The
lower panel has an access door for this section where a maintenance
floor is installed.

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 58
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
CONE/REAR FUSELAGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 59
FUSELAGE D/O (3)

CONE/REAR FUSELAGE (continued)
REAR PRESSURE BULKHEAD
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
The rear pressure bulkhead installed at Fr 70, divides the pressurized

rear fuselage from the cone/rear fuselage, which is not pressurized.
It is made of a spherical membrane, and four aluminum alloy sheet
segments joined together on the inner surface by means of four "I"
profile sections. Four additional "I" profile radial stiffeners are also
installed.

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 60
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
CONE/REAR FUSELAGE - REAR PRESSURE BULKHEAD

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 61
FUSELAGE D/O (3)

VERTICAL STABILIZER ATTACHMENT FITTINGS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
The vertical stabilizer spar box attachment fittings are located at Fr

70, Fr 72 and Fr 74.
They have six fail safe yokes, which transmit the vertical stabilizer
loads into the fuselage frames via shear bolts.
The upper segments frames 70, 72 and 74 are machined from plates
while the lower segments are made from sheet metal.

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 62
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
CONE/REAR FUSELAGE - VERTICAL STABILIZER ATTACHMENT FITTINGS

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 63
FUSELAGE D/O (3)

THS ATTACHMENT FITTINGS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
The fuselage area between Fr 73 and Fr 77 houses the horizontal

stabilizer.
There is a large cut-out between Fr 73 and Fr 77, which is surrounded
by machined beams. A system of diagonal struts is installed on the
horizontal plane in the upper and lower areas of the cutout to increase
the rigidity of this open section.
The machined frame 77 supports the tailplane hinge bearings and the
lateral load fittings. They introduce horizontal stabilizer loads into
the fuselage structure, via the central bracing structure and the upper
and lower bracing structures.
Frame 77 also includes four lugs for the attachment of the tail cone
unit.

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 64
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
CONE/REAR FUSELAGE - THS ATTACHMENT FITTINGS

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 65
FUSELAGE D/O (3)

TAIL CONE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
The tail cone unit is located aft of Fr 77 and houses the APU. This
section is connected to section 19 by means of four lugs and one
spigot.

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 66
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D2000000001
CONE/REAR FUSELAGE - TAIL CONE

51 - STRUCTURE
FUSELAGE D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 67
A318 FUSELAGE D/O (3)

GENERAL
FUSELAGE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
The fuselage is divided into five main parts: the nose forward fuselage
(section 11/12), the forward fuselage (section 13/14), the center
fuselage (section 15), the rear fuselage (sections 16/17 and 18) and
the cone/rear fuselage (section 19/19.1).

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Page 68
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
GENERAL - FUSELAGE LAYOUT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 69

GENERAL (continued)
FRAME/SKIN/STRINGER ASSEMBLY
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
Standard frames have a common z-shape section made from formed

sheet. These frames are continuous structural members attached to
the skin and stringers by sheet metal cleats.
A panel with laser beam welded stringers has been introduced:
- in section 13, between frames (Fr) 24 and 35, from stringer (Stgr)
18LH to Stgr 32LH,
- in section 16/17, between Fr 47/54 and 64, from Stgr 32LH to Stgr
41RH.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 70
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
GENERAL - FRAME/SKIN/STRINGER ASSEMBLY

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 71

NOSE FORWARD FUSELAGE
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
The nose forward fuselage has section 11, from Fr 1 to Fr 12 and

section 12, from Fr 12 to Fr 24. The pressurized area extends from Fr
1 to Fr 24. The unpressurized areas are the radome, forward of Fr 1,
and the nose landing gear bay.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 72
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
NOSE FORWARD FUSELAGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 73

UPPER STRUCTURE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
The upper structure between Fr 1 and Fr 12 has closed frames and

opened frames at level of openings for:
- the windshield and side windows,
- the forward pressure bulkhead,
- the flight deck floor support structure,
- skin panels and windshield frames.
The upper structure between Fr 12 and Fr 24 makes the forward
passenger compartment and contains the two forward passenger/crew
doors.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 74
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
NOSE FORWARD FUSELAGE - UPPER STRUCTURE

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 75

LOWER STRUCTURE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
This part of section 11/12 contains the nose landing gear bay, access
and service door cutouts. The nose landing gear bay is made of
machined flat panels stabilized laterally and longitudinally by struts.
The struts are attached respectively to frames and flight deck
crossbeams.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 76
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
NOSE FORWARD FUSELAGE - LOWER STRUCTURE

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 77

FORWARD FUSELAGE
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
This region of the fuselage lies between Fr 24 and 35. It contains the
front part of the passenger cabin and, beneath the cabin floor, the
forward cargo compartment. The forward cargo door is located
between Fr 24A and 28 on the RH side of the fuselage

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 78
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
FORWARD FUSELAGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 79

FORWARD FUSELAGE (continued)
TYPICAL STRUCTURE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
This section is of conventional construction, having chemically milled

skin panels, frames and stringers made from sheet metal. The standard
frames have a common Z-shaped section made from formed sheet.
They are continuous structural members attached to the skin and
stringers by sheet metal cleats. A skin panel with laser beam welded
stringer is installed between Fr 24A and 35, and between Stgr 18LH
and 32LH.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 80
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
FORWARD FUSELAGE - TYPICAL STRUCTURE

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 81

CENTER FUSELAGE
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
The fuselage center section extends from Fr 35 to Fr 47/54, and

integrates the center wing box. The upper section contains a part of
the passenger compartment, with two overwing emergency exit door
cutouts. The pressure boundary is delimited by the forward bulkhead
at Fr 35, the upper skin panel of the center wing box prolonged by a
pressure diaphragm up to frame 46 and ending by an inclined pressure
bulkhead. Beneath the cabin floor are the air conditioning, hydraulic
and main landing gears, in conjunction with a belly fairing.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 82
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
CENTER FUSELAGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 83

KEEL BEAM
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
In this area, the longitudinal structural continuity of the lower fuselage

is maintained by a keel beam located between Fr 35.8 and 46. The
keel beam transmits the overall fuselage vertical bending loads. This
beam is a box structure having attachments for the main landing gear
doors and door actuators. In its center region, the keel beam side walls
are connected to the bottom skin panels of the center wing box.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 84
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
CENTER FUSELAGE - KEEL BEAM

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 85

BELLY FAIRING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
The belly fairing has a substructure made of aluminum alloy frames

and webs, attached to the fuselage via fittings and rods. This
substructure supports the panels, made of sandwich construction. The
belly fairing also incorporates the landing gear doors, external access
panels and access doors for maintenance.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 86
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
CENTER FUSELAGE - BELLY FAIRING

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 87

REAR FUSELAGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
The rear fuselage assembly is a pressurized area, which extends from Fr

47/54 to Fr 70. It is divided into two sections:
- section 16/17 between Fr 47/54 and 64,
- section 18 between Fr 64 and 70.
The design of section 16/17 is similar to that of forward fuselage sections.
Skin panels of the lower region have support attachment structures for
the belly fairing rear part. The aft cargo door cutout is located between
Fr 57A and 60 on the RH side of the fuselage. Aft passenger door cutouts
are located between Fr 66 and 68.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 88
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
REAR FUSELAGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 89

CONE/REAR FUSELAGE
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
This section is the unpressurized part of the rear fuselage, aft of Fr

70. It has the mounting structure for vertical and horizontal stabilizers
and houses the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU). It is divided into two
main sections:
- section 19 between Fr 70 and 77,
- section 19.1 (tail cone) aft of Fr 77.
Section 19 has chemically milled skins, riveted stringers and frames.
Side skin panels have the horizontal stabilizer cutout. The lower panel
has a door, which gives access to this section where a maintenance
floor is installed.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 90
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
CONE/REAR FUSELAGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 91

REAR PRESSURE BULKHEAD
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
The Fr 70 supports the rear pressure bulkhead, designed as a pressure

diaphragm. It is made of aluminum alloy. The bulkhead is attached
to the inside of the fuselage with a connecting strap, made of aluminum
alloy.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 92
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
CONE/REAR FUSELAGE - REAR PRESSURE BULKHEAD

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 93

VERTICAL STABILIZER ATTACHMENT FITTINGS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
The vertical stabilizer spar box attachment fittings are three pairs of
fail safe yokes, made from forging aluminum alloy. They transmit the
fin loads into the fuselage and are located at Fr 70, 72 and 74. At those
locations, the upper frame segments are made of integrally machined
plates.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 94
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
CONE/REAR FUSELAGE - VERTICAL STABILIZER ATTACHMENT FITTINGS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 95

THS ATTACHMENT FITTINGS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
To house the Trimmable Horizontal Stabilizer (THS), there is a large

cutout in the fuselage between Fr 74 and 77. Frame 77 is made of
integrally machined plates and carries the THS bearing loads with the
vertical link fittings. The side loads are carried through an eye bolt,
linked to:
- the side load fitting on the rear spar of the THS,
- and oblique struts attached to the lower and upper areas of Fr 77.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 96
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
CONE/REAR FUSELAGE - THS ATTACHMENT FITTINGS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 97

TAIL CONE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
The tail cone unit is located aft of Fr 77 and houses the Auxiliary
Power Unit (APU). This section is connected to section 19 by means
of four lugs and one spigot.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 98
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DI000000001
CONE/REAR FUSELAGE - TAIL CONE

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 99
PYLONS/NACELLES D/O (3)

GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The function of the engine pylons installed under each wing is:
- to support the engine,
- to transmit the engine thrust to the aircraft,
- to enable the routing and attachment of all the systems connected with
the engine (electrical wiring, hydraulic, bleed air and fuel lines).
The nacelle gives the engine an aerodynamic shape and supports the
thrust reverser system.
Information concerning structure of the nacelle can be found within the
nacelle manufacturer documentation.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 100
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
GENERAL
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 101

PYLONS - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The pylon has:

- a primary structure attached to the wing and supporting the engine,
- a secondary structure, essentially fairings, housing most of the systems.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 102
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLONS - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 103

PYLONS PRIMARY STRUCTURE - PYLON BOX
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The pylon box is the primary structure. It supports the engine by two
points and is attached to the wing at three points.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 104
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLONS PRIMARY STRUCTURE - PYLON BOX - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 105

PYLONS PRIMARY STRUCTURE - PYLON BOX (continued)
MAIN ASSEMBLY
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The pylon box is composed of ribs, two upper spars and one lower
spar, and panels mainly made from steel and titanium alloys.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 106
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLONS PRIMARY STRUCTURE - PYLON BOX - MAIN ASSEMBLY

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 107

PYLON TO WING ATTACHMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The forward pylon to wing attach fitting has a double lugged fork
attachments connected to the wing fitting by means of four shackles.
This fitting located at Rib 4 is made of titanium alloy and carries
vertical loads.
The aft pylon to wing attach fitting has a single fail safe lug connected
to the wing fitting by means of two shackles. This fitting located at
Rib 10 is made of titanium alloy and carries vertical and side loads.
Immediately behind the forward attach fitting a spherical bearing
transmits the thrust to a spigot bolted to the bottom wing skin panel.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 108
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLONS PRIMARY STRUCTURE - PYLON BOX - PYLON TO WING ATTACHMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 109

PYLON TO ENGINE ATTACHMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
At The forward engine to pylon attach fitting there is a pyramid

attached to the rib and made of steel alloy.
This fitting transmits the engine thrust, side loads and vertical loads.
At The aft engine to pylon attach fitting there is an engine mount
located at Rib 3 for CFM 56-5 engine configuration or at Rib 4 for
IAE V2500 engine configuration. This fitting reacts to vertical loads,
side loads and roll movement.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 110
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLONS PRIMARY STRUCTURE - PYLON BOX - PYLON TO ENGINE ATTACHMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 111

PYLONS SECONDARY STRUCTURE
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The secondary structure is composed of:

- the forward fairing,
- the pylon to wing center fillets,
- the aft fairing,
- the lower fairing.

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Page 112
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLONS SECONDARY STRUCTURE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 113

PYLONS SECONDARY STRUCTURE (continued)
FORWARD FAIRING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The forward fairing can be divided into two sections; the cantilever
structure between Rib 01 and Rib 05, and the structure between Rib
05 and Rib 9.
The cantilever structure gives an aerodynamic contour between the
engine nose cowl and the pylon box structure. It routes all systems
and the bleed air from the engine to the fuselage.
The structure between Rib 05 and Rib 9 gives an aerodynamic contour
between the cantilever structure and the wing leading edge, and enables
the routing of various system lines and electrical wiring.
It includes in particular two pressure relief doors (made from titanium),
which are designed to open in case of hot bleed air duct bursting.
The structure is mainly made of stainless steel alloy.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 114
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLONS SECONDARY STRUCTURE - FORWARD FAIRING

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 115

PYLON TO WING CENTER FILLETS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The pylon to wing center fillets give an aerodynamic contour between

the pylon box and the wing bottom skin panel.
The pylon-to-wing center fillets are made of aluminum alloy ribs.
These ribs support the panels made of hybrid Carbon Fiber Reinforced
Plastic (CFRP)/Aramid Fiber Reinforced Plastic (AFRP) sandwich
construction.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 116
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLONS SECONDARY STRUCTURE - PYLON TO WING CENTER FILLETS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 117

AFT FAIRING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The aft fairing is a removable secondary structure composed of two

parts:
- a fixed fairing located at the rear of the pylon box,
- a movable fairing underneath the flap.
The fixed fairing is attached by two points to the pylon box at Rib 10
and by one point to the wing box at the false rear spar.
The fixed fairing is assembled of ribs and skin panels made of
aluminum alloy, and includes a lower aft fairing made in AFRP
sandwich construction.
The movable fairing is hinged at Rib 14 and linked to the flap by a
rod attached to the fairing by a serrated plate system.
The internal structure of the movable fairing is mainly made of
aluminum alloy. The side panels are made in CFRP or AFRP sandwich
construction.

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Page 118
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLONS SECONDARY STRUCTURE - AFT FAIRING

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 119

LOWER FAIRING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
A fairing located under the pylon box (lower fairing) makes sure there
is a continuity of the aerodynamic profile between the pylon box and
the engine nozzle.
Its function is:
- to supply thermal protection to the pylon from the engine exhaust
gases,
- to smooth out protrusions with minimal aerodynamic drag changes.
The lower fairing is made of stainless steel alloy sheet except for the
bottom removable sole which is made of inconel 625 alloy.

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 120
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLONS SECONDARY STRUCTURE - LOWER FAIRING

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 121

PYLON TO NACELLE JUNCTION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The pylon to nacelle junction has:

- Fan cowl door attachments.
The hinge fittings of the fan cowl doors are located at Rib 01, Rib 03 and
Rib 05. They are made of titanium and installed on the forward secondary
structure.
- Thrust reverser doors attachments
The hinge fittings of the thrust reverser doors are located at Rib 1 and
Rib 2. They are made of titanium and installed on the primary structure
(pylon box). An other hinge (tie-bar) goes through the secondary structure.

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Page 122
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
PYLON TO NACELLE JUNCTION

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 123

NACELLES - GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
The nacelle cowling includes the inlet cowl, the fan cowl, the thrust
reverser and the exhaust nozzle.
There are two types of engine: CFM and IAE.
The IAE nacelle is installed with a Common Nozzle Assembly (CNA).
The nacelles are under the responsibility of engine manufacturers.

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Page 124
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D3000000001
NACELLES - GENERAL
51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 125
STABILIZERS D/O (3)

STABILIZERS - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
Stabilizers are composed of: Trimmable Horizontal Stabilizer (THS),

elevators, the vertical stabilizer and rudder.

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TRIMMABLE HORIZONTAL STABILIZER (THS)
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The THS main structure has:

- the spar boxes (Center, Left Hand (LH) and Right Hand (RH) sides),
- the leading edge,
- the trailing edge,
- the attachment fittings.
The spar boxes are the primary structure of the horizontal stabilizer
and support all the other components.

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(continued)
SPAR BOXES
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The complete spar box assembly has the LH and RH boxes and the
center joint.
Each spar box includes top and bottom skin panels, a front spar, a rear
spar and thirteen ribs (from Rib 2 thru Rib 14).
The LH and RH spar boxes are laminated in Carbon Fiber Reinforced
Plastic (CFRP).
The center joint is made from titanium and connects the LH and RH
spar boxes to make one single unit.

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(continued)
MAIN SUPPORT FITTINGS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
A hydromechanical actuator enables the adjustment of the angle of

incidence of the THS. The actuator is connected to a dual fitting (front
spar fitting) at the forward end of Rib 1, by means of hinge arms.
The THS is attached to the cone rear fuselage structure at two pivot
points (rear support fittings). They are installed on each side of the
THS centerline at Rib 3. All fittings are made of CFRP.

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(continued)
ELEVATOR ATTACHMENT FITTINGS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
Each rear spar bears six elevator hinge arms and two fittings for the
attachment of the elevator servocontrol actuators.

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

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(continued)
LEADING EDGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The leading edge has an aerodynamic shape at the front of the THS.
On each side of the THS centerline, the THS leading edge includes:
- three leading edge primary ribs,
- one inboard leading edge section,
- one outboard leading edge section and,
- one leading edge intersection.
All components are laminated in CFRP.
The front part of the inboard and outboard leading edge sections has
a stainless steel protection, bonded to the leading edge.
The leading edge intersection is fitted to Rib 1 and to the spar box. A
rubber strip is fitted to the intersection. It seals the gap between the
fuselage skin and the leading edge intersection.

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(continued)
TIP
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The tips of the THS are the LH and RH outer fairings. The tips are
made of aluminum alloy and include rib and skin panels. The tips are
attached to the leading edge rib 25 and to the upper and lower shells
of the spar box.

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(continued)
TRAILING EDGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The trailing edge shapes an aerodynamic surface between the THS

spar box and the elevator.
On each side of the THS centerline, the trailing edge panels are
supported by six intermediate ribs, and by the six hinge elevator arm
supports.
The access panels are laminated in CFRP bonded to a honeycomb
core.
On each side there are four panel assemblies on the top surface and
four access panels on the bottom surface. A rubber seal is installed
between the panel assemblies and the access panels along the trailing
edges to prevent dirtiness.

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May 10, 2006

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May 10, 2006

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STABILIZERS D/O (3)

ELEVATORS - STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The structure of each elevator includes:

- a front spar,
- top and bottom skin panels,
- four ribs.
All components are laminated in CFRP; the top and bottom panels are
made in sandwich construction.
Rivets attach an aluminum profile to the trailing edge to make the trailing
edge stronger.
Six hinge fittings attach each elevator to the spar box of the THS. Two
fittings attach the servo control units. You can remove the leading edge
access panels, the tips and the inboard end caps.
Each elevator has three hoisting points and four static dischargers.

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STABILIZERS D/O (3)

VERTICAL STABILIZER
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The vertical stabilizer is attached to the top of the rear fuselage. It

supports the rudder, which is operated by three servo control units.
The High Frequency (HF) antenna and the Very high frequency
Omnibearing Range (VOR) antenna are also attached to it.
The main components of the vertical stabilizer are:
- the spar box,
- the leading edge,
- the tip,
- the attach fittings.

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May 10, 2006

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VERTICAL STABILIZER - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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May 10, 2006

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VERTICAL STABILIZER (continued)
SPAR BOX - STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The spar box is the primary structural component of the vertical

stabilizer.
All the other components of the vertical stabilizer are attached to it.
The spar box has a front, a center and a rear spar, ribs and two side
panels with stiffeners, all laminated in CFRP.
Three pairs of main attach fittings made of CFRP attach the spar box
to the fuselage.

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May 10, 2006

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VERTICAL STABILIZER - SPAR BOX - STRUCTURE LAYOUT

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SPAR BOX - STRUCTURE LAYOUT (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The seven rudder hinge arms and the three actuator hinge fittings are
made from aluminum alloy and are attached to the spar box rear spar.

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VERTICAL STABILIZER - SPAR BOX - STRUCTURE LAYOUT (CONT'D)

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LEADING EDGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The vertical stabilizer leading edge has three removable sections.

They are attached to the forward edge of the spar box side panels and
to the leading edge ribs. The lower section gives access to the HF
antenna (see ATA 53 fuselage description for the lower section).
The three sections give an aerodynamic shape to the front of the
vertical stabilizer.
The three sections are laminated in Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic
(GFRP) bonded to a honeycomb core. A stainless steel cover is bonded
to the inner surfaces of the sections and protects them against hail and
bird impact damage.

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May 10, 2006

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VERTICAL STABILIZER - LEADING EDGE

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May 10, 2006

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STABILIZERS D/O (3)

TIP - STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The vertical stabilizer tip is laminated in GFRP bonded to a

honeycomb core. It is attached to the leading edge end rib and the
stabilizer spar box. An aluminum lightning strike protection strap is
bonded along the top of the tip.

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May 10, 2006

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VERTICAL STABILIZER - TIP - STRUCTURE LAYOUT

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May 10, 2006

Page 153
STABILIZERS D/O (3)

TRAILING EDGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The trailing edge is attached to the rear of the vertical stabilizer.

It has a basic aluminum alloy supporting structure made of spar
sections and profiles, and four access panels on each side. The panels
give access to the rudder servo control actuators and the hinge arms.
The panels are laminated in CFRP and GFRP bonded to a honeycomb
core.

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May 10, 2006

Page 154
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
VERTICAL STABILIZER - TRAILING EDGE

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May 10, 2006

Page 155
STABILIZERS D/O (3)

RUDDER
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The rudder is one of the primary flight controls of the aircraft.

The components of the rudder are:
- the main structure,
- the leading edge,
- the tip,
- the hinge and actuator fittings.

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Page 156
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RUDDER - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 157
STABILIZERS D/O (3)

RUDDER (continued)
STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D4000000001
The rudder main structure is the primary structural component of the

rudder.
It is an assembly of two CFRP sandwich panels, CFRP laminates front
spar, top and bottom closing ribs.
An access panel, installed on the left hand side shell, gives access to
the No. 7 rudder hinge fittings. At the other locations, cutouts in the
side shells give access to the adjacent hinge fittings.
Three actuators and seven rudder hinge fittings are attached to the
forward face of the rudder main structure, and rivets attach them to
the spar and to the skin panels.

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May 10, 2006

Page 158
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RUDDER - STRUCTURE LAYOUT

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 159
A318 STABILIZERS D/O (3)

STABILIZERS
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
Stabilizers are composed of the Trimmable Horizontal Stabilizer

(THS), the elevators, the vertical stabilizer and the rudder.

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U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 161

GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The THS main structure has the LH and RH side spar boxes, the
leading edge, the trailing edge, the THS tip and the attachment fittings.
The spar boxes are the primary structure of the horizontal stabilizer
and support all the other components.

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May 10, 2006

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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 163

(continued)
SPAR BOXES
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The complete spar box assembly has the LH and RH spar boxes joined
together with a center joint to make one single unit. Each spar box
includes top and bottom skin panels, a front spar, a rear spar and
thirteen ribs (from Rib 2 to Rib 14), all parts being laminated in Carbon
Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP).
The center joint includes a web (Rib 1) made of CFRP and upper and
lower fittings made of titanium.

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TRIMMABLE HORIZONTAL STABILIZER (THS) - SPAR BOXES

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 165

(continued)
MAIN SUPPORT FITTINGS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The front spar joint at Rib 1 made of CFRP supports the trim actuator
hinge arms.
The THS is attached to the cone/rear fuselage at Rib 3.
On each spar box side, the attachment fittings include a THS rear
support fitting of fail safe design with a lower and upper support
fittings, and a side load fitting. All fittings are made of CFRP except
the side load fitting made of aluminum alloy.

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 166
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TRIMMABLE HORIZONTAL STABILIZER (THS) - MAIN SUPPORT FITTINGS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 167

(continued)
ELEVATOR ATTACHMENT FITTINGS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
On each THS box, the rear spar bears:

- six hinge arms, made of CFRP, for the attachment of the elevator,
- two fittings, made of CFRP, for the attachment of the elevator servo
control actuators.

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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 169

(continued)
LEADING EDGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
At the front of the THS, the leading edge gives an aerodynamic shape.
On each side of the THS centerline, the THS leading edge includes:
three leading edge primary ribs, one inboard leading edge section,
one outboard leading edge section and one leading edge intersection.
The front part of the inboard and outboard leading edge sections has
a stainless steel protection; it is bonded to the leading edge.
The leading edge intersection is attached to Rib 1 and to the spar box.
A rubber strip is installed at the intersection, it seals the gap between
the fuselage skin and the intersection.

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TRIMMABLE HORIZONTAL STABILIZER (THS) - LEADING EDGE

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 171

(continued)
TIP
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The tips of the THS are the LH and RH outer fairings. The tips are
attached to the leading edge Rib 25 and to the top and bottom skin
panels of the spar box. The tips are made from aluminum alloy.

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TRIMMABLE HORIZONTAL STABILIZER (THS) - TIP

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 173

(continued)
TRAILING EDGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The trailing edge has an aerodynamic surface between the THS spar
box and the elevator.
On each side of the THS centerline, the trailing edge panels are
supported by six intermediate ribs, and by seven hinge arm supports.
The panels are laminated in CFRP bonded to a honeycomb core.
On each side there are four panel assemblies on the top surface and
four access panels on the bottom surface. A rubber seal is installed
between the panel assemblies and the access panels along the trailing
edges to prevent dirtiness.

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 174
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TRIMMABLE HORIZONTAL STABILIZER (THS) - TRAILING EDGE

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 175

ELEVATORS
STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The structure of each elevator has a front spar, a top and a bottom
skin panel and four ribs.
Six hinge fittings attach each elevator to the spar box of the THS and
two fittings attach the servo control units. You can remove the leading
edge access panels, the tips and the inboard end caps. Each elevator
has three hoisting points and four static dischargers.

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 176
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 177

VERTICAL STABILIZER
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The vertical stabilizer is attached to the top of the rear fuselage. It

supports the rudder, which is operated by three servo control units.
The High Frequency (HF) antenna and the Very high frequency
Omnibearing Range (VOR) antenna are also attached to it.
The main components of the vertical stabilizer are:
- the spar box,
- the leading edge,
- the tip,
- the attach fittings.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 178
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
VERTICAL STABILIZER - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 179

STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The spar box is the primary structural component of the vertical

stabilizer.
All the other components of the vertical stabilizer are attached to it.
The spar box has: a front, a center and a rear spar, ribs and side panels
with integrated stiffeners, all laminated in CFRP.
Three pairs of primary attach fittings made of CFRP attach the spar
box to the fuselage.

51 - STRUCTURE
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U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
VERTICAL STABILIZER - STRUCTURE LAYOUT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 181

SPAR BOX - STRUCTURE LAYOUT (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The seven rudder hinge arms and the three actuator hinge fittings are
made from aluminum alloy and are attached to the spar box rear spar.

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 182
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
VERTICAL STABILIZER - SPAR BOX - STRUCTURE LAYOUT (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 183

LEADING EDGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The vertical stabilizer leading edge has four removable sections. They
are attached to the forward edge of the spar box side panels and to the
leading edge ribs. The lower section gives access to the High
Frequency (HF) antenna.
The four sections give an aerodynamic shape to the front of the vertical
stabilizer.
The four sections are laminated in Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic
(GFRP) bonded to a honeycomb core. A protective foil is bonded to
the inner surfaces of the sections and protects them against hail and
bird impact damage.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 184
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
VERTICAL STABILIZER - LEADING EDGE

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 185

TIP - STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The vertical stabilizer tip is laminated in GFRP bonded to a

honeycomb core. It is attached to the leading edge end rib and the
stabilizer spar box. An aluminum strap is bonded along the top of the
tip for lightning strike protection.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 186
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
VERTICAL STABILIZER - TIP - STRUCTURE LAYOUT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 187

TRAILING EDGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The trailing edge is attached to the rear of the vertical stabilizer.

It has a basic aluminum alloy supporting structure made of spar
sections and profiles and four access panels installed on each side.
The panels give access to the rudder hydraulics, the servo controls,
the control rods and the hinge arms.
The access panels are made of CFRP and GFRP laminations bonded
to a honeycomb core.

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 188
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
VERTICAL STABILIZER - TRAILING EDGE

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 189

RUDDER
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The rudder is one of the primary flight controls of the aircraft.

The main components of the rudder are:
- the main structure,
- the leading edge,
- the tip,
- the hinge fittings and the actuator fittings.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 190
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
RUDDER - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 191

RUDDER (continued)
STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
The rudder main structure is the primary structural component of the

rudder.
It has an assembly of two side skin panels, a front spar, a bottom
closing rib and a top closing rib. All components of the rudder main
structure are laminated in CFRP and are attached to the rudder main
structure.
Seven rudder hinge fittings and three actuator fittings are installed on
the front spar of the rudder (all fittings are made from aluminum alloy).
An aluminum profile is installed on the trailing edge of the rudder for
lightning strike protection.

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Page 192
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DK000000001
RUDDER - STRUCTURE LAYOUT

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 193
WINDOWS D/O (3)

GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D5000000001
The windows are installed in:

- the cockpit,
- the cabin,
- the doors.

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 194
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D5000000001
GENERAL
51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 195
WINDOWS D/O (3)

COCKPIT WINDOWS
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D5000000001
There are two types of windows:

- the fixed windows,
- the sliding windows.
The fixed windows are described as follows:
There are four fixed windows installed in the cockpit.
- two windshields,
- two fixed side windows.
The left and right windows are symmetrical.
These windows are mounted in a frame and can be removed and
installed from the exterior.
The sliding windows are installed as follows:
- on a mobile frame with a mechanism controlled from the cockpit.

51 - STRUCTURE
WINDOWS D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 196
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COCKPIT WINDOWS - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 197
WINDOWS D/O (3)

COCKPIT WINDOWS (continued)
WINSHIELDS STRUCTURE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D5000000001
The windshield panels are made of several layers of different materials

depending on the windows supplier (LUCAS-ACT, PPG, SPS), and
are interchangeable. They are held by three retainers bolted onto the
outer surface of the frame. They are installed with an anti-icing and
defogging system.

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 198
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COCKPIT WINDOWS - WINSHIELDS STRUCTURE

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 199
WINDOWS D/O (3)

FIXED SIDE WINDOWS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D5000000001
The fixed side windows have of two layers of different materials

are interchangeable. They are held by retainers bolted onto the inner
surface of the frame. They are installed with an integral anti - icing
and defogging system.

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COCKPIT WINDOWS - FIXED SIDE WINDOWS

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SLIDING WINDOWS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D5000000001
The sliding windows have several layers of different materials

are interchangeable. Each panel has an anti-icing and defogging
system. The sliding windows are installed on a mobile frame, which
is controlled from the cockpit, and the crew can use them as emergency
exits.

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COCKPIT WINDOWS - SLIDING WINDOWS

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WINDOWS D/O (3)

CABIN WINDOWS
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D5000000001
The windows are installed in frames and make a smooth surface with
the fuselage skin.
The cabin windows are installed and removed from the inside of the
aircraft.
The windows have a circular seal, inner and outer panes made of
stretched acrylic resin held together by a retainer ring, and eye bolts.
A vent hole in the inner pane lets the cabin pressure maintained in the
window.

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CABIN WINDOWS - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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WINDOWS D/O (3)

DOOR WINDOWS
STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D5000000001
The passenger/crew doors and emergency exit doors have a circular

window. They are used for inspection and observation in order to
check if the cabin is pressurized and the escape slide is armed.
The windows have a circular seal, inner and outer panes made of
stretched acrylic, held together by a retainer ring. A vent hole in the
inner pane lets the cabin pressure maintained in the window.

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DOOR WINDOWS - STRUCTURE LAYOUT

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WINGS D/O (3)

GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The aircraft wing is in the continuity of the structure going through the
fuselage which is divided into three parts:
- the center wing box,
- the left outer wing and,
- the right outer wing.

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GENERAL
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CENTER WING BOX
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The center wing is installed in the center fuselage between the main
frames (Fr) 36 and 42 to make an integral fuel tank.
The center wing box structure has:
- the front and the rear spars respectively located at Fr 36 and 42,
- the two main frames 36 and 42,
- internal spanwise lattice ribs,
- the left rib 1 and the right rib 1.
The junction between the center wing box and the outer wings is done
at the left hand and right hand sides rib 1.
The access for maintenance to the center wing box is done through
two triangular openings in the rear spar.

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CENTER WING BOX - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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CENTER WING BOX (continued)
WING ROOT JOINT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
An upper cruciform fitting and a lower triform fitting ensure the

junction between the center wing box and the outer wing box.
The upper cruciform fitting makes the junction between the center
wing box top skin panels, the outer wing box top skin panels, fuselage
and Rib 1.
The lower triform fitting and a safety butt-strap fitting make the
junction between the center wing box bottom skin panels, the outer
wing box bottom skin panels and Rib 1.

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CENTER WING BOX - WING ROOT JOINT

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OUTER WING
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
Each outer wing has:

- a main structure (outer wing box),
- a wing tip,
- a leading edge and leading edge devices,
- a trailing edge and trailing edge devices.
The trailing edge control surfaces are:
- the inboard flap,
- the outboard flap,
- the two ailerons,
- the six spoilers.

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OUTER WING - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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WINGS D/O (3)

OUTER WING BOX
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The outer wing box tapers from Rib 1 (the wing root) to Rib 27 hold:
- the wing spars (front and rear),
- the ribs,
- the top and bottom skin panels,
- the top and bottom stringers,
- the wing-root joint.

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OUTER WING BOX - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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WINGS D/O (3)

OUTER WING BOX (continued)
SKIN PANELS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The top and the bottom surfaces of the outer wing box are made of
skin panels machined from aluminum alloy.
There are three panels on each surface. The skin panels are stiffened
by stringers machined in aluminum alloy extrusions.
The joints between panels are aluminum alloy butt straps.

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OUTER WING BOX - SKIN PANELS

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WINGS D/O (3)

RIBS & SPARS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
Ribs:
There are 27 ribs, machined in aluminum alloy, installed in the outer
wing box of each outer wing. Each rib is continuous between the front
and rear spars. The junction between the center wing box and the outer
wing joint is at Rib 1. Rib 1 is the boundary of the lateral section of
the center wing box. Ribs 22 and 27 make the other lateral boundaries
of the fuel and vent tanks.
Spars:
The wing spars are machined in aluminum alloy. They give strength
to the wing box and they extend from Rib 1 to Rib 27.

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OUTER WING BOX - RIBS & SPARS

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WINGS D/O (3)

ACCESS HOLES/COVERS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
There are twenty-one access covers installed in the bottom skin panels
of the outer wing box. All panels close the openings that give access
to the outer wing box.
There are:
- seven non load-carrying access panels between Rib 1 and Rib 13,
clamped on the wing skin,
- fourteen load-carrying access panels between Rib 14 and Rib 27,
bolted through the skin panel.

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Page 222
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OUTER WING BOX - ACCESS HOLES/COVERS

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WINGS D/O (3)

FIXED LEADING EDGE
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The fixed Leading Edge (LE) assembly is located forward of the front
spar of the wing-box.

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FIXED LEADING EDGE - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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WINGS D/O (3)

FIXED LEADING EDGE (continued)
STRUCTURE LAYOUT (1/2)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The fixed leading edge assembly is made of:

- the D-nose assembly, composed of aluminum alloy parts:
- the support ribs and riblets (riblets are installed between the wing
box front spar and the LE spar),
- the sub spar,
- the LE skin.
- three top surface access panels,
- bottom surface access panels, which are made of Carbon Fiber
Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) sandwich construction and are attached
with quick release fasteners.

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FIXED LEADING EDGE - STRUCTURE LAYOUT (1/2)

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WINGS D/O (3)

FIXED LEADING EDGE (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
Two pylon ribs are installed on each side of the engine pylon. These
ribs hold the pylon shroud panels.

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FIXED LEADING EDGE - STRUCTURE LAYOUT (2/2)

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WINGS D/O (3)

SLATS
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The wing leading edge is fitted of five slats, which make the movable
part of the wing leading edge.

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SLATS - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

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WINGS D/O (3)

SLATS (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
Each slat has:

- a front spar or the stringers (girders),
- a rear spar,
- a girder
- ribs,
- a trailing edge assembly.
Slat 1 is supported by 4 tracks, two of them being driven (track 2 and
3).
Slats 2 to 5 are supported by two tracks, both being driven.

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SLATS - STRUCTURE LAYOUT (1/2)

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WINGS D/O (3)

SLATS (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
When the slats are in retracted position, seals prevent airflow between
the slat and the wing.
Slats 3 to 5 are de-iced; the hot air comes from the bleed air system
and is supplied to these slats through a telescopic duct (not shown)
and piccolo tubes installed in the leading edges of the slats.

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SLATS - STRUCTURE LAYOUT (2/2)

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WINGS D/O (3)

FIXED TRAILING EDGE
STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The fixed trailing edge is located aft of the wing rear spar.
Its structure has:
- an overwing panel and an under wing panel,
- a shroud box and a fixed shroud,
- a false rear spar,
- a main landing gear attachment,
- structures support for the trailing edge control surfaces,
- access panels.

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FIXED TRAILING EDGE - STRUCTURE LAYOUT

51 - STRUCTURE
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WINGS D/O (3)

FIXED TRAILING EDGE (continued)
STRUCTURE LAYOUT (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
This page deals with the fixed trailing edge inner structure.

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FIXED TRAILING EDGE - STRUCTURE LAYOUT (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

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WINGS D/O (3)

TRAILING EDGE DEVICES
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The trailing edge devices are:

- two flaps,
- one aileron,
- five spoilers.

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May 10, 2006

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TRAILING EDGE DEVICES - GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 241
WINGS D/O (3)

TRAILING EDGE DEVICES (continued)
FLAPS GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
Two flaps are installed on the TE of the outer wing. The inboard flap
is installed between Rib 1 and Rib 9 and the outboard flap is installed
between Ribs 9 and 20.
The flaps are connected to each other through an interconnection strut.
In case of a drive station failure, this device carries the loads, which
result in such failure.

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May 10, 2006

Page 242
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TRAILING EDGE DEVICES - FLAPS GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
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WINGS D/O (3)

INBOARD FLAP STRUCTURE - A318-A319-A320
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The inboard flap is supported and driven by a fuselage track and

carriage at track 1 and a wing track carriage at track 2.
The inboard flap has:
- a leading edge with CFRP skin,
- a flap box with:
- skin panels and integrated stringers made of CFRP,
- track ribs and end ribs, made of aluminum alloy,
- other ribs made of aluminum alloy on the A318 and A319, and made
of CFRP or aluminum alloy on the A320,
- spars made of aluminum alloy on the A318 and A319, and made of
CFRP or aluminum alloy on the A320.
- a trailing edge made in an aluminum alloy sandwich construction.
A rubbing strip (not shown) made of stainless steel is bonded onto
the outer surface of the top skin.

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TRAILING EDGE DEVICES - INBOARD FLAP STRUCTURE - A318-A319-A320

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WINGS D/O (3)

OUTBOARD FLAP STRUCTURE - A318-A319-A320
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The outboard flap is supported and driven by two wing tracks and
carriages (tracks 3 and 4).
The outboard flap has:
- a flap box with:
- skin panels with integrated stringers and spars made of CFRP,
- track ribs and end ribs made of aluminum alloy,
- other ribs made of CFRP.
- a trailing edge of aluminum alloy sandwich construction.
A rubbing strip (not shown) made of stainless steel is bonded onto
the outer surface of the top skin.

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TRAILING EDGE DEVICES - OUTBOARD FLAP STRUCTURE - A318-A319-A320

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WINGS D/O (3)

A321 FLAPS STRUCTURE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The A321 flaps are fowler flaps with a tab on the trailing edge.
The inboard flap has:
- a leading edge and a flap box made of aluminum alloy,
- a trailing edge made in an aluminum alloy sandwich construction.
The outboard flap has:
- a flap box with:
- skin panels and integrated stringers made of CFRP,
- spars made of CFRP,
- track end ribs made of aluminum alloy,
- other ribs made of CFRP.
The tab is made of honeycomb core with a skin made of aluminum
sheet metal.
The tab is operated by a linkage system.

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May 10, 2006

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TRAILING EDGE DEVICES - A321 FLAPS STRUCTURE

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 249
WINGS D/O (3)

SPOILERS GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
There are five spoilers on the upper surface of the wing trailing edge.
Spoiler 1 is connected to the false rear spar, inboard of the kink
position.
Spoilers 2 thru 5 are connected to the middle and outer sections of
the rear spar, outboard of the kink position.
A rubbing strip is attached to the trailing edge of spoilers (1 & 2 only).
It prevents damage to spoilers when flaps are retracted.

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May 10, 2006

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TRAILING EDGE DEVICES - SPOILERS GENERAL ARRANGEMENT

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 251
WINGS D/O (3)

SPOILERS STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
Spoilers are a wedge-shaped structure.

The top and bottom skins, the sides and the trailing edge profile of
the spoilers are made in CFRP sandwich construction.
The spoiler hinges fittings and the actuator attachment fittings are
made of aluminum alloy.

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TRAILING EDGE DEVICES - SPOILERS STRUCTURE LAYOUT

51 - STRUCTURE
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WINGS D/O (3)

AILERON STRUCTURE LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D6000000001
The aileron is located outboard of the outer flap and is connected to

the wing box rear spar between Ribs 22 and 27.
It is manufactured using CFRP skin (bonded to a honeycomb core in
the center area), spar and ribs.
The aileron hinge fittings and the actuator attachment fittings are made
of aluminum alloy.

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Page 254
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TRAILING EDGE DEVICES - AILERON STRUCTURE LAYOUT

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 255
STRUCTURE DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION D/O (3)

GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
The types of damage on metallic and composite structures are described

in SRM 51-11-00 chapter dealing with damage classification.
The table provides, the term, the cause and the description for each type
of damage.
Damage results from many causes and can be generally categorized into
four main groups:
- mechanical action,
- chemical or electrochemical reaction,
- thermal action or cycling,
- inherent metallurgical characteristics.

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GENERAL
51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 257

TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE
SCRATCH
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
A scratch is a line of damage of any depth and length in the material,

which causes a cross sectional area change. A sharp object is usually
the cause.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - SCRATCH

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 259

TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE (continued)
CORROSION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
Corrosion is the destruction of metal by chemical or electrochemical

effect. Refer to SRM 51-22-00 for general information concerning
corrosion.
The different types of corrosion that can occur on the aircraft are:
- pitting corrosion,
- filiform corrosion,
- intergranular corrosion,
- galvanic corrosion.
- stress corrosion,
- biological corrosion,
- fretting corrosion,
- exfoliation corrosion.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - CORROSION

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 261

CORROSION (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
This page deals with:

- pitting corrosion,
- filiform corrosion,
- intergranular corrosion,
- galvanic corrosion.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - CORROSION (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 263

CORROSION (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
This page deals with:

- stress corrosion,
- biological corrosion,
- fretting corrosion,
- exfoliation corrosion.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - CORROSION (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 265

GOUGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
A gouge is a damaged area of any size, which results in a cross

sectional area change. It is usually caused by contact with a relatively
sharp object, which produces a continuous, sharp or smooth channel
like groove in the material.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - GOUGE

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CRACK
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
A crack is a partial fracture or complete break in the material.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - CRACK

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DENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
A dent is a damaged area, which is pushed in, with respect to its usual
contour. There is no cross sectional area change in the material. The
edges of the damaged area are smooth.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - DENT

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NICK
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
A nick is a small decrease of material due to, for example, a knock at

the edge of a member or a skin.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - NICK

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DISTORTION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
A distortion is any twisting, bending or permanent strain, which results

in misalignment or change of shape. It may be caused by an impact
from a foreign object, but is usually the result of a vibration or
movement of adjacent attached components. This group includes
bending, buckling, deformation, imbalance, misalignment, pinching,
and twisting.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - DISTORTION

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ABRASION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
An abrasion is a damaged area of any size, which causes change in a

cross sectional area because of scuffing, rubbing, scrapping or other
surface erosion. It is usually rough and irregular.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - ABRASION

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DEBONDING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
Debonding is the separation of material due to an adhesive failure.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - DEBONDING

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 279

DELAMINATION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D7000000001
A delamination is when a separation of plies occurs in multi-laminate

material. The material being hit or when there is a resin failure for
any other reason can cause a delamination.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - DELAMINATION

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FRETTING
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A fretting is a surface damage at the interface between elements of

the joints resulting from very small angular or linear movements. The
result of fretting is usually the production of fine black powder
staining.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - FRETTING

51 - STRUCTURE
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CREASE
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A crease is a damaged area, which is pushed in or folded back on

itself. The edges of the damaged area are sharp or well specified lines
or ridges.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - CREASE

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 285

MARK
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A mark is a damaged area of any size where a concentration of

scratches, nicks, chips, burrs or gouges etc. is shown. You must
consider the damage as an area and not as a serie of individual
scratches, gouges, etc.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON STRUCTURE - MARK

51 - STRUCTURE
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WINDOW DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION D/O (3)

GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D8000000001
The windows include the cockpit windows (windshields, sliding windows,

and aft fixed windows), the cabin windows and the passenger/crew door
windows.
Information dealing with different types of damage on windows, is in
page block 6xx of the relevant AMM chapters:
- AMM 56-11-11 for the windshields,
- AMM 56-12-11 for the sliding windows,
- AMM 56-11-12 for the aft fixed windows,
- AMM 56-21-13 for the cabin windows,
- AMM 56-31-00 for the passenger /crew door windows.

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GENERAL
51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 289

TYPES OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS
RELEVANT ATA CHAPTERS
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The types of damage on cockpit windows are mentioned in:

- AMM 56-11-11 page block 6xx for windshields,
- AMM 56-11-12 page block 6xx for aft fixed windows,
- AMM 56-12-11 page block 6xx for sliding windows.

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Page 290
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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - RELEVANT ATA CHAPTERS

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 291

TYPES OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS (continued)
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DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION
The types of damage (illustrated) on cockpit windows are:
- Crack: line type defect through the depth of the ply,
- delamination: local separation of glass and interlayer,
- interlayer microflakes: due to moisture ingress in interlayer,
- burning (on windshields only): discoloration of the slip pan due to
hot corner effect,
- bubbles: appear between the inner face of the outer ply and the
interlayer,
- burn spot: due to degradation of the heating film element,
- discoloration: due to penetration of dust or sealant.
The types of damage not illustrated are:
- scratch: line type defect in the external surface of the window causing
a cross sectional change,
- chips: flakes of glass broken from the surface and the edges of the
window,
- transparency: halos on the surface of the window can make them
less transparent,
- rain repellent fluid residue on windshields only,
- damage on the soft liner on windshields (if supplied by SPS company
only).

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 293

TYPES OF DAMAGE ON CABIN AND PASSENGER/CREW
DOOR WINDOWS
RELEVANT ATA CHAPTERS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D8000000001
The cabin and passenger/crew door windows have an inner and an

outer pane. The types of damage on cabin door windows are mentioned
in AMM 56-21-13 page block 6xx and on passenger/crew door
windows in AMM 56-31-00 page block 6xx.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON CABIN AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS - RELEVANT ATA CHAPTERS
51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 295

TYPES OF DAMAGE ON CABIN AND PASSENGER/CREW
DOOR WINDOWS (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D8000000001
The types of damage are:

- crazing: small cracks that go in one or all directions,
- scratch: type line defect which causes a cross sectional area change,
- crack: partial fracture or complete break of the window pane,
- orange peel effect: irregular cracks on or under the surface,
- chipping: flakes of stretched acrylic broken on the edge of the pane,
- delamination: slate like separation of the material,
- pitting: impact by hard particles against the surface.

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TYPES OF DAMAGE ON CABIN AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS - DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION

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SRM D/O (3)

GENERAL
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The structure repair manual is a non-customized document.

It has been prepared in accordance with Air Transport Association of
America (ATA) specification 100.
The SRM includes descriptive information as well as specific instructions
and data to perform the assessment of structural damage and to perform
repairs. The manual content is approved by the French Airworthiness
Authority DGAC ("Direction Gnrale de l'Aviation Civile").
For most of the damage/defect discovered on the aircraft structure, the
SRM is the first document to be used to assess the damage, to identify
the affected structure and to determine the subsequent action or repair to
be performed.

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GENERAL
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SRM D/O (3)

MANUAL BREAKDOWN
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The SRM is divided into seven main chapters (From ATA 51 to ATA
57) and the SRI (Structure Repair Inspection).
The manual also contains an introduction chapter (Chapter 00), and some
additional information pages (HIGHLIGHTS, RECORD OF
REVISIONS...) located just at the beginning of the manual.

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MANUAL BREAKDOWN
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Page 301
SRM D/O (3)

FRONT PAGES
GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
The front pages of the manual provides general information related

to the manual itself:
- revision transmittal sheet,
- highlights,
- record of revisions approved,
- record of temporary revisions,
- list of effective temporary revisions.

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FRONT PAGES - GENERAL

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FRONT PAGES (continued)
HIGHLIGHTS
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The highlights chapter deals with the identification, location of the

changes within the SRM from the previous revision. The type of
change (page revised, new, deleted) is also presented.

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FRONT PAGES - HIGHLIGHTS

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 305
SRM D/O (3)

INTRODUCTION
GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
The introduction chapter contains all necessary information and

explanations to enable a correct use of the manual.

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INTRODUCTION - GENERAL
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SRM D/O (3)

INTRODUCTION (continued)
AIRPLANE ALLOCATION LIST
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It also contains the airplane allocation list, giving for each MSN
(Manufacturer Serial Number), the airplane type, the aircraft rank
within the customer version, the customer, the customer abbreviation
code and the registration number.

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INTRODUCTION - AIRPLANE ALLOCATION LIST

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May 10, 2006

Page 309
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WEIGHT VARIANT INFORMATION
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This section of the introduction chapter enables the identification of

the aircraft weight variant according to the aircraft serie, engine types,
aircraft model and the modification associated to the weight variant
changes.

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INTRODUCTION - WEIGHT VARIANT INFORMATION

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Page 311
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ALPHANUMERICAL INDEX
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This document provides a list of all PNs (Part numbers) referenced

within the SRM and gives the related ATA chapter, the figure number,
the configuration and the item number within the figure. This list is
updated at each SRM revision. It provides a quick access to the part,
to identify within the manual using the part number as a key.

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INTRODUCTION - ALPHANUMERICAL INDEX

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SRI (STRUCTURAL REPAIR INSPECTIONS)
GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
For permanent repairs with inspection program, inspections are quoted

along with the repair.
Due to the amount of inspections, these requirements have been
transferred in a separate appendix to the SRM:
- for more clarity of the SRM,
- for better handling of the inspection requirements.
The chapter Structural Repair Instructions (SRI) gives all necessary
inspection instructions on structural repairs and allowable damage
limits, and provides the airlines with information to integrate the
additional inspections to their own maintenance program.

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SRI (STRUCTURAL REPAIR INSPECTIONS) - GENERAL

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Page 315
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SRI (STRUCTURAL REPAIR INSPECTIONS) (continued)
GENERAL (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
If an inspection is needed, an Inspection Instruction Reference (IIR)

will be specified within the related repair. The operator shall then
refer to the SRI chapter to find out all the inspection instructions using
the IIR as a key.

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SRI (STRUCTURAL REPAIR INSPECTIONS) - GENERAL (CONT'D)

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I.I.R. (INSPECTION INSTRUCTION REFERENCE)
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The explanation of the IIR is given at the beginning of the SRI chapter.

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SRI (STRUCTURAL REPAIR INSPECTIONS) - I.I.R. (INSPECTION INSTRUCTION REFERENCE)

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May 10, 2006

Page 319
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SRI CONTENTS
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At the beginning of the SRI chapter, a table of contents provides the

list of repairs concerned by special inspections requirements.

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SRI (STRUCTURAL REPAIR INSPECTIONS) - SRI CONTENTS

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SRI CONTENTS (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
Within the introduction section of the SRI, the "Inspection Instruction

Schemes" table enables the operator to locate the inspection instruction
within the SRI (for inspection ref. 53-41-11-2-001-00, instructions
are to be found in paragraph 1.A.).

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SRI (STRUCTURAL REPAIR INSPECTIONS) - SRI CONTENTS (CONT'D)

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SRI CONTENTS (CONT'D)
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Within the concerned paragraph, the inspection instruction are divided

into three main parts:
- the general information part, which reminds the inspection location,
- the inspection information table (A/C concerned, inspection
threshold, interval, required inspection methods),
- the inspection areas illustrations.

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SRI (STRUCTURAL REPAIR INSPECTIONS) - SRI CONTENTS (CONT'D)

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Page 325
SRM D/O (3)

SRI CONTENTS (CONT'D)-INSPECTION AREAS
ILLUSTRATIONS (IF ANY - E.G. 53-00-11)
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The areas to be inspected are defined on the illustration, with the

identification of the applicable inspection methods and applicable
NTM procedures.

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SRI (STRUCTURAL REPAIR INSPECTIONS) - SRI CONTENTS (CONT'D)-INSPECTION AREAS ILLUSTRATIONS (IF ANY - E.G. 53-00-11)
51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 327
SRM D/O (3)

MANUAL GENERAL USAGE PROCEDURE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
When damage is discovered, the first step is to evaluate, classify and

accurately measure it. The SRM chapter 51-11-XX provides useful
information to perform this assessment in the best conditions (damage
definitions and classification, classification of structures, allowable
damage definitions and damage/defect reporting process).

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May 10, 2006

Page 328
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MANUAL GENERAL USAGE PROCEDURE

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May 10, 2006

Page 329
SRM D/O (3)

MANUAL GENERAL USAGE PROCEDURE (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
The next step is the full identification of the affected area/structure.

This is achieved using the identification page block (pages 01-99) of
the related specific chapter/section (52-57). According to the original
structure data and the actual damage characteristics, it is then possible
to determine whether the damage is within the defined allowable limits
or not. This is done using the allowable damage page block (pages
101-199) of the related specific chapter/section. If the damage is within
the allowable limits, the subsequent actions are generally a slight
rework and a re-protection of the affected area, using the standard
procedures of chapter 51.

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MANUAL GENERAL USAGE PROCEDURE - CONT'D

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May 10, 2006

Page 331
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MANUAL GENERAL USAGE PROCEDURE (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
If the damage is above the limits, you must check whether a repair is
available and/or applicable within the repair page block (pages
201-999).

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MANUAL GENERAL USAGE PROCEDURE - CONT'D

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 333
SRM D/O (3)

NUMBERING SYSTEM AND PAGE BLOCK ALLOCATION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
Each subject, within the SRM, is identified using a three-element

numbering system chapter/section and sub-section:
- the first element designates the chapter which is assigned by the ATA
spec. 100,
- the second element designates the section within the chapter. The first
digit is assigned by the ATA spec. 100. The second digit is assigned by
Airbus S.A.S,
- the third element identifies the subsection (subject) within the section
and is assigned by Airbus S.A.S.
A standard page block allocation is used for all SRM chapters:
- pages 1 to 99 for structure identification,
- pages 101 to 199 for allowable damage,
- pages 201 to 999 for repairs.

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Page 334
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NUMBERING SYSTEM AND PAGE BLOCK ALLOCATION

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 335
SRM D/O (3)

CHAPTER 51 (STRUCTURE GENERAL)
Information of a general nature or information applicable to more than
one chapter, is included in chapter 51.
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
NOTE: Note: the entry point within the SRM is always the specific
chapter 52 to 57, depending on the damage location.

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May 10, 2006

Page 336
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CHAPTER 51 (STRUCTURE GENERAL)

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 337
SRM D/O (3)

CHAPTER 51 (STRUCTURE GENERAL) (continued)
CONTENTS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
The table of contents is detailed in the following illustrations.

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 338
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CHAPTER 51 (STRUCTURE GENERAL) - CONTENTS

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 339
SRM D/O (3)

CONTENTS (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
Chapter 51 table of contents (2/3).

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 340
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CHAPTER 51 (STRUCTURE GENERAL) - CONTENTS (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 341
SRM D/O (3)

CONTENTS (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
Chapter 51 table of contents (3/3).

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 342
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CHAPTER 51 (STRUCTURE GENERAL) - CONTENTS (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 343
SRM D/O (3)

CHAPTER 52 TO 57 CONTENTS
LAYOUT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
Chapters 52 to 57 have the same layout, which conforms to the defined

page block allocation system (PB 1 to 99-identification, PB 101 to
199-allowable damage, PB 201 to 999-repairs). In addition, a table
of contents and a Service Bulletin (SB) list are provided at the
beginning of each chapter. Depending on the chapters, the
Modification/Service Bulletin list is to be found either at the chapter
level, or main section level.

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CHAPTER 52 TO 57 CONTENTS - LAYOUT

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 345
SRM D/O (3)

CHAPTER 52 TO 57 CONTENTS (continued)
SERVICE BULLETIN LIST
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Located at the beginning of each chapter, the SB list is a list of all

service bulletins referenced within the chapter.

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 346
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CHAPTER 52 TO 57 CONTENTS - SERVICE BULLETIN LIST

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 347
SRM D/O (3)

SERVICE BULLETIN LIST (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
The user can refer to this list to get more information regarding a
specific service bulletin in terms of:
- revision status of the SB,
- date of introduction within the SRM,
- description.

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May 10, 2006

Page 348
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CHAPTER 52 TO 57 CONTENTS - SERVICE BULLETIN LIST (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 349
SRM D/O (3)

MODIFICATION/SERVICE BULLETIN LIST
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
Located at:
- door level for chapter 52,
- fuselage section level for chapter 53,
- chapter level for chapter 54,
- main assembly level for chapter 55,
- wing section level for chapter 57, this list is provided to enable the
user to determine the effectivity of the modification/SB.

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May 10, 2006

Page 350
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CHAPTER 52 TO 57 CONTENTS - MODIFICATION/SERVICE BULLETIN LIST

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May 10, 2006

Page 351
SRM D/O (3)

MODIFICATION/SERVICE BULLETIN LIST (CONT'D)
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This list provides, for a given modification number, its associated

suffix and the aircraft standard, and the effectivity expressed in MSN.

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Page 352
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CHAPTER 52 TO 57 CONTENTS - MODIFICATION/SERVICE BULLETIN LIST (CONT'D)

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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99)
EXAMPLE : COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
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In the identification pages, the individual parts of the major

components are illustrated and listed in tabular form. Each
identification topic begins with an introduction page, which includes
a general information paragraph. The item number is the key between
the illustration and the identification table. For composite structures,
the illustration provides identification of individual layers, orientation
and materials. A ply (layer) orientation reference is also given.

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Page 354
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - EXAMPLE : COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

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Page 355
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(continued)
EXAMPLE : METALLIC STRUCTURES
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
For metallic structure such as fuselage skin panels, the different

material thicknesses are provided using letter codes or shaded areas
as a key to the thickness tables. The associated identification table
provides the additional material, part number modification status
information.

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Page 356
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - EXAMPLE : METALLIC STRUCTURES

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(continued)
IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED
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The typical identification table associated with the illustration(s)

contains different columns:
- ITEM,
- NOMENCLATURE,
- SPECIFICATION AND/OR SECTION CODE,
- THICKNESS IN MM (IN.) AND/OR PARTNUMBER,
- IC: INTERCHANGEABILITY,
- ACTION OR REPAIR,
- STATUS (MOD/PROP) SB/RC (MOD/PROP:
Modification/Proposal, RC: Recordable Concession),
In addition: the relevant assembly drawings are listed at the end of
the table (ASSY DRAWINGS:...........).

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Page 358
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED

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Page 359
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(continued)
IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (ITEM COLUMN)
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The item number is the link with the associated illustrations. This
column also indicates the different evolutions of the same item (with
a suffix letter: 1A, 1B,..) compared to the basic version (without
suffix). Each evolution is linked to a production modification given
in the column ''status (MOD/PROP)''.

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Page 360
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (ITEM COLUMN)
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Page 361
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(continued)
(SPECIFICATION/SECTION CODE COLUMN)
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This column provides information related to the type of material used

(material specification), and when possible/available, the appropriate
standards. To get more information regarding the material
specifications the user can refer to the SRM chapter 51:
- 51-31-00 for metallic materials,
- 51-33-00 for non-metallic materials (composite materials).
When the appropriate standard is shown, the user can refer to the
Airbus S.A.S. Standard Manual(SM).

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Page 362
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (SPECIFICATION/SECTION CODE COLUMN)
51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 363
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(continued)
CHAPTER 51-31-00 EXAMPLE
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This example shows the way to proceed to find out the material
information within the chapter 51-31-00 for metallic structure, starting
with the material specification. A first list provides the table to be
used (e.g. table 4 for 3.1364T42).

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May 10, 2006

Page 364
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - CHAPTER 51-31-00 EXAMPLE

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 365
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(continued)
CHAPTER 51-31-00 EXAMPLE (CONT'D)
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The material table provides, for a given material specification, the

European substitute (if used by the other European manufacturers and
the United States substitutes).

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Page 366
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - CHAPTER 51-31-00 EXAMPLE (CONT'D)

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May 10, 2006

Page 367
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(continued)
STANDARD MANUAL EXTRACT
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The standard manual provides the additional information linked to a

given standard number.

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Page 368
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - STANDARD MANUAL EXTRACT

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Page 369
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(continued)
(THICKNESS/PART NUMBER COLUMN)
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The Part Number (PN) corresponding to the structural component is

shown in this column. Within the PN, the first nine characters give
the detailed drawing number of the component, which is an entry key
to the airbus drawing set. In general the "as drawn" parts are Left
Hand (LH) and are provided with an even part number (e.g.: ...202).
In the SRM, the identification table always states the LH part number
on the first line and the RH part number (when indicated) on the
second line.

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May 10, 2006

Page 370
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (THICKNESS/PART NUMBER COLUMN)
51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 371
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(continued)
IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (IC COLUMN)
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The IC column provides the interchangeability status of the parts:

- 01: one way interchangeable (post-mod part to be used to replace
pre-mod part),
- 02: two ways interchangeable (post-mod or pre-mod parts can be
used),
- 03: no interchangeability.

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May 10, 2006

Page 372
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (IC COLUMN)
51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 373
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(continued)
IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (ACTION OR
REPAIR COLUMN)
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This column gives indication concerning the action or repair to be

performed. For existing general or specific repairs, the
chapter/section/sub-section is inserted. For a recommendation to
replace the part, the word "REPLACE" is inserted. Where left blank,
a case-by-case assessment has to be performed to determine the
relevant corrective action (part replacement, repair as per SRM or
specific repair as per Airbus SAS definition).

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Page 374
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (ACTION OR REPAIR COLUMN)
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Page 375
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(continued)
IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (STATUS
MOD/PROP SB/RC COLUMN)
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Linked with the Item column, the STATUS MOD/PRP, SB/RC column
gives the modification or service bulletin driving the different
evolutions of a structural component (listed in column Item). A prefix
letter is used to identify the status BEFORE ("B" letter) or AFTER
("A" letter) SB or Modification. The suffix letter (A, B, C, D...)
indicated at the end of the MOD/PROP (and column "S" of the
MOD/SB list) shows the different effectivity within the same
MOD/PROP number.

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Page 376
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (STATUS MOD/PROP SB/RC COLUMN)
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Page 377
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(continued)
MOD/PROP SB/RC COLUMN (CONT'D))
To find the relevant effectivity linked to a modification shown in the
STATUS column, the user must refer to the modification/service
bulletin list.
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NOTE: the status before or after modification/SB and the relevant

modification solution (suffix letter) should not be forgotten.
Within the modification/service bulletin list, the effectivities
are expressed in MSN.
to find the relationship between the customer version number
(e.g.. AFR 01 0016) and the MSN, the user can refer to the
airplane allocation list of the introduction chapter of the
SRM.

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Page 378
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (STATUS MOD/PROP SB/RC COLUMN
(CONT'D))
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(continued)
MOD/PROP SB/RC COLUMN (CONT'D))
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When the modification is linked to a SB, the SB number is also

mentioned, below the modification number. The SB list located at the
beginning of the chapter can be used to get more information.

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May 10, 2006

Page 380
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IDENTIFICATION PAGE BLOCK (PAGES 01 TO 99) - IDENTIFICATION TABLE DETAILED (STATUS MOD/PROP SB/RC COLUMN
(CONT'D))
51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 381
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CONFIGURATIONS
GENERAL
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When modification or service bulletin are extensive and the preceding

method of reflecting effectivity becomes cumbersome, thus distracting
from the continuity of subject matter, additional page blocks are
established. These additional page blocks are further identified by the
introduction of a configuration code (CONFIG-1, CONFIG-2), etc...)
following the chapter/section/sub-section. Configuration codes are
always in ascending, sequential numerical order, i.e., CONFIG-1,
CONFIG-2, CONFIG-3, etc... The first example shown below
illustrates the change in the A320 vertical stabilizer spar box design
and manufacturing following modification 26500K4924H.

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CONFIGURATIONS - GENERAL
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CONFIGURATIONS (continued)
EXAMPLE
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Here is an example of different configurations. The modification of

the design and production process of the carbon fiber vertical stabilizer
spar box leads to two configurations within the chapter 55. The
configuration number is indicated at the bottom of the related pages.
On this example, as highlighted, the configuration 1 is applicable
before modification 26500K4924H. Configuration 2 is applicable
after modification 26500K4924H. It is of the operator duty to select
first in which configuration the concerned aircraft is, before going
further in the SRM investigation. This is done using the service
bulletin/modification list located at the beginning of the chapter or
section.

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CONFIGURATIONS - EXAMPLE
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Page 385
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101)
GENERAL
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The information to be found within allowable damage page block

enables the operator to define whether a damaged airplane may be
returned into service without repair. An allowable damage permitted
has no significant effect on the strength or fatigue life of the structure,
which must still be capable of fulfilling its function. Allowable damage
may require minimal rework such as cleanup or drilling of stop holes.
Basically the allowable page block contains different page types:
- general information pages,
- damage criteria tables,
- paragraph for each type of damage,
- damage measurement procedure,
- damage localization (zoning) figures,
- allowable damage diagram.

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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - GENERAL

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May 10, 2006

Page 387
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) (continued)
ALLOWABLE DAMAGE INFORMATION
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After a careful reading of the first information page(s), the first step
in the allowable damage determination, consists in the use of the
damage criteria table.

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May 10, 2006

Page 388
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE INFORMATION

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May 10, 2006

Page 389
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DAMAGE CRITERIA TABLE
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The damage criteria table enables the operator to determine the relevant
paragraph (e.g. 4A) that should be used, depending on the type of
damage (e.g.: allowable rework), and the affected structure (e.g. skin
plates).

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May 10, 2006

Page 390
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - DAMAGE CRITERIA TABLE

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May 10, 2006

Page 391
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE EFFECTIVITY
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For some allowable damage (e.g. dent allowable damage), the

allowable damage effectivity per weight variant must be checked.
The table (e.g. table 102) at the beginning of the allowable damage
relevant paragraph shall be used. The allowable damage information
contained within the related paragraph is justified and applicable for
the listed weight variant only. If not, contact Airbus.

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May 10, 2006

Page 392
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE EFFECTIVITY

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 393
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WEIGHT VARIANT DETERMINATION
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To define the "as delivered" weight variant of a concerned MSN, the

first step is to refer to the airplane allocation list of the introduction
chapter, which gives the corresponding type (e.g.: A320-232). Then,
refer to the weight variant identification list, also in the introduction
chapter.

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May 10, 2006

Page 394
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - WEIGHT VARIANT DETERMINATION

51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 395
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WEIGHT VARIANT DETERMINATION (CONT'D)
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The weight variant identification list gives, for a given aircraft type,
the different possible "as delivered" weight variants. The next step
will be to determine which one of these possible weight variants is
applicable to the concerned MSN.

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May 10, 2006

Page 396
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - WEIGHT VARIANT DETERMINATION (CONT'D)
51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 397
SRM D/O (3)

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To determine the applicable "as delivered" weight variant, the operator

must check which of the associated modification(s) is effective on the
concerned MSN. The Aircraft Inspection Report (AIR) can be used
for this purpose. Once found, the corresponding weight variant is
considered as the weight variant of concerned MSN at delivery.

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Page 398
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Page 399
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The "as delivered" weight variant may change after delivery, following
the embodiment of a service bulletin. It is the operator's responsibility
to check the embodiment of referenced SB, in order to determine the
relevant weight variant for the affected MSN. The information is given
into Table 2 "Service Bulletin/Weight Variant List".

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May 10, 2006

Page 400
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Page 401
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The table 2-"Service Bulletin/Weight Variant List" provides for the

related aircraft type (e.g.: A320-232) the different service bulletin
applicable. For the given MSN, the operator must check whether one
of the possible SB has been embodied or not. If yes, the weight variant
of the aircraft becomes the weight variant given by the table.

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Page 403
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For aircraft which have been subject to weight variant change through
a SB embodiment: the weight variant information to be used to identify
the effectivity of the given allowable damage (or repair information),
is the heaviest weight variant that the subject aircraft has been operated
with, since its delivery.

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May 10, 2006

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Page 405
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DETERMINATION (CONT'D)
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The allowable damage diagram to be used, generally depends on the

location of the damage on the concerned structure.
Illustrations are used to locate the damage and thus to define the
relevant diagram to be used (e.g. refer to diagram 102).

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May 10, 2006

Page 406
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DETERMINATION (CONT'D)
51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 407
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM EXAMPLE
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As a last step of the damage investigation, the use of the allowable

damage diagrams provides the necessary information concerning the
actions to be performed, depending on damage extent.

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May 10, 2006

Page 408
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM EXAMPLE
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May 10, 2006

Page 409
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(CONT'D)
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Provided that no cracks have been detected, this first area of the
allowable damage rework diagram defines typical allowable damage
without any time limits. The surface protection needs to be restored.

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May 10, 2006

Page 410
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ALLOWABLE DAMAGE PAGE BLOCK (PB 101) - ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM EXAMPLE (CONT'D)
51 - STRUCTURE
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May 10, 2006

Page 411
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(CONT'D)
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This second area for reworks depth between 10 % and 25 % of the

nominal thickness, also defines allowable damage but with a time
limit.
In this example a repair has to be performed before 3000 flights at
the latest. The surface protection has to be restored.

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May 10, 2006

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May 10, 2006

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(CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51D9000000001
This area is defined for reworks depth between 25 % and 40 % of the

nominal thickness. It is still allowable damage, provided that no crack
is detected. But a repair has to be performed before 50 flights at the
latest.

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May 10, 2006

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(CONT'D)
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Stop drill and apply high-speed tape for one flight pressurized or
unpressurized only, or do a temporary repair as per 53-00-11 figure
210.
Temporary repair has to be replaced by a final repair within 2500
flights.

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May 10, 2006

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(CONT'D)
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For damage located in this area, the damage shall be stop drilled before
a ferry flight without cabin pressure. Install high-speed tape before
the ferry flight. A repair has to be performed.

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May 10, 2006

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(CONT'D)
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For damage located in this area, a repair has to be performed

immediately or a ferry flight may be allowed upon manufacturer's
authorization.

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May 10, 2006

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May 10, 2006

Page 421
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REPAIRS PAGE BLOCK (PB 201)
GENERAL
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The Repairs Page Block (PB 201), contains necessary information to

carry out permissible repairs.
Each of the repairs is described with illustrations and procedure
instructions, which includes repair applicability data and repair
material lists.

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May 10, 2006

Page 422
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REPAIRS PAGE BLOCK (PB 201) - GENERAL

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May 10, 2006

Page 423
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REPAIRS PAGE BLOCK (PB 201) (continued)
LIST OF AVAILABLE REPAIR SCHEMES
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At the beginning of each repair page block, a list of available repair

schemes is provided for a quick assess to the repairs.
The repairs can be located in the general section of chapter 53 (e.g.:
53-00-11 for standard fuselage skin repairs), or directly covered within
the related section when the repair is specific (e.g. paragraph 5A, Fig.
201).

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May 10, 2006

Page 424
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REPAIRS PAGE BLOCK (PB 201) - LIST OF AVAILABLE REPAIR SCHEMES

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May 10, 2006

Page 425
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REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS
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The relevant paragraph of the repair instructions contain information

related to:
- the applicability of the concerned repair,
- general reminders linked to repair principles and rules.
Note: an IIR appears within the repair instructions.

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May 10, 2006

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REPAIRS PAGE BLOCK (PB 201) - REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS

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May 10, 2006

Page 427
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REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS (CONT'D)
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All the materials (repair materials and consumable materials) are listed
within the concerned repair instructions. Consumable materials are
call-up using their Consumable Material List (CML) code (e.g.
09-013). For more information on these materials, the user can refer
to the SRM chapter 51-35-00 consumable materials and/or the CML
document.

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May 10, 2006

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REPAIRS PAGE BLOCK (PB 201) - REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS (CONT'D)

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May 10, 2006

Page 429
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this SRM chapter(51-35-00) deals with consumable materials.

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Information concerning the consumable materials can also be found

in the CML.

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The repair instruction lists all the steps of the repair, with references
to the standard processes and practices covered within the chapter 51
when required.

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REPAIR ILLUSTRATIONS
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Note: an IIR appears within the repairs illustrations.

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May 10, 2006

Page 436
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REPAIRS PAGE BLOCK (PB 201) - REPAIR ILLUSTRATIONS

51 - STRUCTURE
SRM D/O (3)
May 10, 2006

Page 437
WINDOW DAMAGE ASSESSMENT D/O (3)

GENERAL
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The windows are:

- the cockpit windows ( windshields, sliding windows, and aft fixed
windows),
- the cabin windows and,
- the passenger/crew door windows.
To find the corrective actions for each type of defect, refer to the page
block 6xx of the relevant AMM chapters:
- AMM 56-11-11 for the windshields,
- AMM 56-12-11 for the sliding windows,
- AMM 56-11-12 for the aft fixed windows,
- AMM 56-21-13 for the cabin windows,
- AMM 56-31-00 for the passenger/crew door windows.

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 438
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GENERAL
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 439

INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS
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Refer to the relevant AMM chapter for each type of cockpit windows.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 440
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51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 441

(continued)
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON WINDSHIELDS
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Refer to AMM 56-11-11 pages block 6xx to get the corrective actions
for the following types of defect on windshields:
- cracks,
- scratches,
- chips,
- delaminating,
- discoloration,
- interlayer micro flakes,
- bubbles,
- burn spot,
- transparency,
- rain repellent fluid residue,
- damage on the soft liner (if supplied by SPS company only).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 442
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INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON WINDSHIELDS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 443

(continued)
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON SLIDING WINDOWS
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for the following types of defect on sliding windows:
- cracks,
- scratches,
- chips,
- delaminating,
- bubbles,
- discoloration or burning,
- transparency,
- crazing,
- burn spots.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 444
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INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON SLIDING WINDOWS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 445

(continued)
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON AFT FIXED
WINDOWS
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for the following types of defect on aft fixed windows:
- cracks,
- scratches,
- chips,
- delaminating,
- bubbles,
- discoloration or burning,
- transparency,
- burn spots.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 446
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INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON COCKPIT WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON AFT FIXED WINDOWS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 447

INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON CABIN WINDOWS
AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS
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Refer to the relevant AMM for the cabin and passenger/crew door
windows.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 448
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INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON CABIN WINDOWS AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 449

AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS (continued)
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Refer to AMM 56-21-13 page block 6xx to get the allowable damages
for the following types of defect on cabin windows:
- delaminating,
- scratches,
- pitting,
- crazing,
- crazing with bulging,
- bulging,
- orange peel effect,
- chipping,
- cracks,
- vent hole damage.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 450
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INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON CABIN WINDOWS AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE
ON CABIN WINDOWS
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 451

AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS (continued)
INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON PASSENGER/CREW
DOOR WINDOWS
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Refer to AMM 56-31-00 page block 6xx to get the allowable damage
for the following types of defect on passenger/crew door windows:
- scratches,
- crazing,
- bulging,
- crazing with bulging,
- delaminating.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 452
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INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE ON CABIN WINDOWS AND PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS - INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE
ON PASSENGER/CREW DOOR WINDOWS
51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 453
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT EXAMPLE 1 D/O (3)

INTRODUCTION
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The purpose of this example is to present, the complete procedure to be

followed when a damage is discovered, from the damage mapping draft
to the final structure damage assessment. This example was chosen as it
represents one of the more usual types of damage on an A/C and gives
an in depth investigation with all the different stages.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 454
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INTRODUCTION
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 455

IDENTIFICATION OF THE DAMAGE
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The damage is located onto the fuselage skin, thus, all the information
regarding the identification of the part, allowable damage and repair, if
any, are to be found within the chapter 53 of the SRM. Information
concerning the damage classification and reporting are to be found within
the SRM chapter 51-11-00. The concerned damage is a dent with no
visible crack. At this stage, take visual reference to facilitate damage
location. Such as, a forward or aft passenger door, or a cargo door, above
or below cabin floor level at stringer (Stgr) 23, close to a longitudinal or
circumferential joint, etc...). If the dent is close to a rivet row, an internal
visual inspection is required to determine whether the internal structure
(frame, stringer, etc...) is also damaged or not.

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Page 456
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51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 457

MAPPING
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Using SRM 51-11-13 as a guide, the maximum information should be

taken from the aircraft before starting any assessment (measurement and
location of the maximum depth, distance of dent edges to nearest fastener
rows, existing closest skin joints or any other visible structure that will
help in the detailed location of the damage, etc...).

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Page 458
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MAPPING
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 459

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
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Using the data collected from the A/C, the mapping should be
completed by determining the exact location (in terms of frame
numbers and stringer numbers). For this purpose, refer to the beginning
of the chapter 53 (fuselage).

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May 10, 2006

Page 460
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MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 461

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
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The illustration of chapter 53-00-00 enables the operator to determine

the circumferential joint related frame numbers.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 462
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MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 463

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
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Using the frame identification illustration of chapter 53-00-00, and

the data collected during the damage mapping, the frames surrounding
the damage can be determined. According to the mapping information,
the damage is located between the first and the second frame after the
circumferential joint located at Fr 24. Consequently, the damage is
located between Fr 25 and 26.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 464
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MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 465

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
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To complete the damage location, the stringers surrounding the damage

also need to be determined. For this purpose the "General panel
identification" illustrations, proposed within chapter 53-00-00 can be
used. According to the data collected on the A//C and the location of
the damage from the existing longitudinal skin joints, the affected
panel can be determined. For this example the damage is located on
panel 7 - lower side shell - located between Stgr 18LH & 32LH, and
Fr 24 & 35.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 466
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MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 467

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
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The information collected can be reported onto the damage mapping.

The damage is located between Fr 25 and 26. The stringer number
corresponds to the longitudinal skin joint from which the damage has
been located. Nevertheless, the exact stringer numbers surrounding
the damage need to be confirmed. For this purpose, the information
provided in the identification page block of the concerned panel has
to be used.

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Page 468
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MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 469

DETAILED IDENTIFICATION
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The "fuselage section division" illustration of chapter 53-00-00 used

before enables the definition of the affected section: "Forward fuselage"
- section 13/14 - chapter 53-20-00. The general illustration of 53-20-00
identifies the main structural arrangement of the forward fuselage. Skin
plates are part of the "MAIN STRUCTURE" covered by section 53-21-00.

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Page 470
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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 471

DETAILED IDENTIFICATION (continued)
CONT'D
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Following SRM 53-21-00 guidelines, the figure shows that the skin
panels (skin plates) are item number 1. The illustration associated
nomenclature informs us that the full identification of the skin panels
(skin plates) are covered by SRM 53-21-11.

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Page 472
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DETAILED IDENTIFICATION - CONT'D

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 473

CONT'D
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All the skin panels (plates) of the forward fuselage are listed within
the nomenclature located at the front page of SRM 53-21-11. Using
the information collected before (affected panel: lower side panel left, between Fr 24 & 35 and Stgr 18 & 32), the nomenclature provides
the figure number we have to refer to: "Skin plates - LWR parts LH
Fr 24 to Fr 35: REFER TO Figure 1".

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 474
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51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 475

CONT'D
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The figure 1 identifies two different panels (view A and C). The view
A concerns the skin panel located from Stgr 18LH to 32LH. The view
C concerns the skin panel located from Stgr 32LH to 41LH. According
to the damage mapping, the view A is concerned. The damage has
been located on panel 7 (between Stgr 18LH and 32LH).

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 476
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51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 477

CONT'D
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The view A, identifies all the different items which are part of the
panel (e.g. crack stoppers, doublers...), and a view indication identifies
the skin itself for more details (View D). The view D identifies the
different material thicknesses (letter codes), and all the stringer
locations.
There are two different panel configurations illustrated, showing the
basic version of the panel and an other possible version effective after
the embodiment of production modification(s). Modification numbers
are indicated at the bottom of the page. The next step of the
investigation is to define which of these panels is installed on the
concerned A/C.

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Page 478
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51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 479

CONT'D
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To identify the actual panel, the modification numbers indicated at

the bottom of the page have to be compared with the service
bulletin/modification list, located at the beginning of chapter 53-20-00.
The purpose is to check their effectivity in terms of Manufacturer
Serial Number (MSN).

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Page 480
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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 481

CONT'D
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The view D of panel on figure 1, sheet 5 is valid after Modifications

(MODs) 27117P5234 or 2729P5353. Checking the Modification / SB
List at the beginning of chapter 53-20-00, MSN 2057 doesn't appear
in this list of MSN proposed for each of the modification. So the panel
installed on the A/C is a basic version, then, refer to view D figure 1,
sheet 3.

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Page 482
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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 483

CONT'D
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The damage is located between Fr 25 and 26, and is located between

the fourth and the fifth stringer from Stgr 18 LH (longitudinal skin
joint reference).
This information can be reported onto the illustration and gives:
- the material thickness of the area (code B, giving 1.4 mm (0.055
in)),
- the stringer location: the damage is located between Stgr 22LH and
23LH.

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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 485

MAPPING (FINALIZATION)
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The damage mapping can now be completed with the stringer numbers
and the nominal skin thickness in the dented area. The damage
assessment using the allowable damage page block is the next step.

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Page 486
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DETAILED IDENTIFICATION - MAPPING (FINALIZATION)

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 487

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
GENERAL
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To start the damage assessment refer to the page block 101 of the
relevant chapter/section (53-21-11), and start to read carefully the
procedure. A special attention shall be paid to the notes and cautions.

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Page 488
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DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - GENERAL

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Page 489

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT (continued)
WEIGHT VARIANT
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A caution note indicates that the allowable damage effectivity per

A/C weight variant may have to be verified. The weight variant is a
criterion which is defined for each model of A/C and depending on
its Maximum Take Off Weight (MTWO), Maximum Landing Weight
(MLW), Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (MSFW). The allowable damage
limits are defined per weight variant and for a same model. The weight
variant can change, depending on the modification or Service Bulletin
(SB) embodiment status. The actual weight variant of the affected
A/C has to be known before starting the assessment. Because of the
modifications, which could be embodied on the A/C, only the airline
engineering department shall give you this information. The actual
weight variant shall be compared with the data given in a table at the
beginning of allowable damage related paragraph.

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Page 490
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DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - WEIGHT VARIANT

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 491

DAMAGE CRITERIA
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A second caution note indicates that in some cases, an inspection may

be required to check for crack, even if the damage is determined as
being allowable.

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Page 492
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DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - DAMAGE CRITERIA

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 493

DAMAGE CRITERIA (CONT'D)
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Check the applicability of the allowable damage for dents.

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 494
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DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - DAMAGE CRITERIA (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 495

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To keep on with the damage assessment procedure, a note asks the

operator to refer to the damage criteria table 101.

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Page 496
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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 497

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The allowable damage description/criteria table (101), shows two

types of dents:
- dent* referring to paragraph 4B,
- dent ** referring to paragraph 4C.
Note that an Inspection Instruction Reference (IIR) is indicated for
dents*. The first step is to define which paragraph is applicable to
reported dent. Dents are considered as fulfilling nearness/form criterion
or out of nearness/form criterion, in accordance with their geometry
and their proximity to the nearest adjacent internal structure elements.
This must be determined according to the parameters defined in figure
104.

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Page 499

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To define whether the dent fulfils or not the nearness/form criterion,

two criteria have to be checked:
- the first criterion consists in checking the smallest distance measured
from the dent edge to any fastener row (frame, stringer) distance B.
This distance should be minimum 15 mm (0.59 in),
- the second criterion consists in comparing the depth of the dent (D)
with the smallest distance measured from the deepest point of the dent
to the closest adjacent structure (distance A).
The depth of the dent should be maximum 10% of the distance A. If
one of these criteria is not met, the dent **, and thus paragraph 4C
(dent not fulfilling criteria) should be taken to keep on with paragraph
4B.

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Page 500
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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 501

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The second criterion consists in comparing the depth of the dent (D)
with the smallest distance, measured from the deepest point of the
dent to the closest adjacent structure (distance A). If no access from
inside, the measurement is taken from outside, from the deepest point
of the dent to the closest fastener row (distance X). The distance A
will become distance X - 15 mm, which is the average considered
edge margin.

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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 503

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Check for the first criterion to be fulfilled. B distance : minimum 15

mm. The smallest distance measured between the edge of the dent
and the surrounding fastener rows is 29 mm, which is higher than 15
mm. The first criterion is met.

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51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 505

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Check for the second criterion to be fulfilled: the depth of the dent
should be maximum 10% of the distance A. The distance measurement
has been done from outside: the smallest distance between the deepest
point of the dent and the surrounding fastener row is 66 mm. Since
measured from outside, distance A = 66 mm - 15 mm = 51 mm; 10%
of A = 5.1 mm. The second criterion is also fulfilled since the depth
of the dent (D = 4.5 mm) is smaller than 10% of A.

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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 507

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The dent fulfils "nearness/form criterion", then refer to paragraph 4.B.

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Page 508
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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 509

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As mentioned in a caution at the beginning of the allowable damage

pages, the allowable damage applicability have to be checked, using
the weight variant table (table 102) given at the beginning of the
paragraph. The information coming from the airline-engineering
department shows that the MSN 2057 is at weight variant 001.
Checking the table 102, weight variant 001 is included in, and thus
the following allowable damage information can be used.

51 - STRUCTURE
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51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 511

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Compare the dents in accordance with diagram 103.

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Page 512
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51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 513

ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM
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The skin thickness in the dented area, and the depth of the dent, are
the keys to get into to diagram. You must refer to the data collected
before (damage mapping).

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Page 514
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DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 515

ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM (CONT'D)
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The skin thickness in the dented area is 1.4 mm (found in the

identification pages). The depth of the dent is 4.5mm (measured from
the A/C damage mapping). These two values are plotted onto the
diagram, which defines a point. The area where this point is located
defines the subsequent actions to be performed. For the concerned
dent, the actions to be performed are as follow: "check damage for
cracks by detailed visual examination. If clear, repair within 3000
FC". Provided that no crack is detected by detailed visual inspection,
the dent is considered as an allowable damage with a time limit
(temporary allowable damage). The A/C can be released. But a repair
will have to be done before 3000 Flight Cycles (FC).

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 516
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DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 517

INTRODUCTION
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The purpose of this example is to present you the complete procedure to

be followed when a damage is discovered, from the damage mapping
draft to the final structure damage assessment. This example was chosen
as it represents one of the more usual types of damage on the A/C and
enables to make an in depth investigation with all the different stages.

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 518
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INTRODUCTION
51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 519

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any, are to be found within the chapter 53 of the SRM. All the information
regarding the damage classification or the rework, if any, are to be found
within SRM chapter 51. The applicable damage is a scratch with no
visible crack. At this stage: take visual reference to facilitate damage
location. Such as, a forward or an aft passenger door, or a cargo door,
above or below the cabin floor level at stringer (Stgr) 23, near a
longitudinal or circumferential skin joint, etc...
If the scratch is near a rivet row, an internal visual inspection is required
to determine whether the internal structure (frame, stringer, etc...) is also
damaged or not.

51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 520
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51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 521

MAPPING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Using the SRM 51-11-13 as a guide, the maximum information should

be taken from the A/C before starting any assessment. (measurement and
location of the maximum depth, distance of rework edges to the nearest
fastener rows, existing closest skin joints or any other visible structure
that will help in the detailed location of the damage, etc...).

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Page 522
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MAPPING
51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 523

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Using the data collected from the A/C, the mapping should be
completed by determining the exact location (in terms of frame
numbers and stringer numbers). For this purpose refer to the beginning
of chapter 53 - fuselage.

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Page 524
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MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
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Page 525

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The illustration of chapter 53-00-00 enables the operator to determine

the circumferential skin joints related frame numbers.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 526
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MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 527

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

the damage can be determined.
According to the mapping information, the damage is located between
the first and the second frame after the circumferential joint located
at frame (Fr) 64. Consequently the damage is located between Fr 62
and 63.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 528
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 529

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

also need to be determined. For this purpose, the "General Panel
Identification" illustrations, proposed within chapter 53-00-00 can be
used. According to the data collected on the A/C and the location of
the damage from the existing longitudinal skin joints, the affected
panel can be determined. For this example, the damage is located on
panel 8 - lower side shell - located between Stgr 18 & 32, and Fr 47
& 64.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 530
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 531

MAPPING (continued)
CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The collected information can be reported onto the damage mapping.

The damage is located between Fr 62 and 63. The stringer number
corresponds to the longitudinal skin joint from which the damage has
been located. Nevertheless, the exact stringer numbers surrounding
the damage need to be confirmed. For this purpose, the information
provided in the identification page block of the concerned panel has
to be used.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 532
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
MAPPING - CONT'D
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 533

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The "Fuselage Section Division" illustration of chapter 53-00-00 used

before, enables the definition of the affected section: rear fuselage section 17 - chapter 53-40-00". The general illustration of 53-40-00
identifies the main structural arrangement of the forward fuselage. The
skin plates are part of the main structure covered by the section 53-41-00.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 534
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 535

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
panels (skin plates) are item number 5. The illustration associated
nomenclature informs us that the full identification of the skin panels
(skin plates) are covered by SRM 53-41-11.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 536
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 537

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
All skin panels (plates) of the forward fuselage are listed within the
nomenclature located at the front page of SRM 53-41-11. Using the
information collected before (affected panel : lower side panel - left,
between Fr 47 & 64 and Stgr 18 & 32), the nomenclature provides
the figure number we have to refer to: "Skin plates - LWR parts LH
Fr 47 to Fr 64: Refer To Figure 6".

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 538
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 539

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The figure 6, identifies two different panels configurations (view A

and B):
- the view A applies to the basic version of the skin panel,
- the view B applies to the evolution of the skin panel.
So, there are two different panel configurations illustrated, showing
the basic version of the panel and an other possible version effective
after the embodiment of production modification(s). The modification
numbers are indicated at the bottom of the page. The next step of the
investigation is to define which of these panels is installed on the
concerned A/C.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 540
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 541

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To identify the actual panel, the modification numbers indicated at

the bottom of the page have to be compared with the service
bulletin/modification list (located at the beginning of chapter
53-40-00). In this list, the effectivity in terms of Manufacturer Serial
Number (MSN) has to be checked.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 542
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 543

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The view B of the panel on figure 1, sheet 5 is valid after Modifications

(MODs) 21468K1489A, 22083K2232B, 24958K4082D or
31012K7082. Checking the Modification/Service Bulletin (SB) List
at the beginning of chapter 53-40-00, it appears that our MSN (2042)
is in this list of MSN proposed for the MOD number 31012K7082.
So, the panel installed on the A/C is a modified version, then refer to
view B figure 6, sheet 2.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 544
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 545

CONT'D
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The damage is located between Fr 62 and 63, and is located between

the sixth and the eighth stringer from Stgr 18 (longitudinal skin joint
reference).
This information can be reported onto the illustration and gives:
- the material thickness of the area (code C, giving 1.6 mm (0.063 in),
- the stringer location: the damage is located between Stgr 23LH and
25LH.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 546
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 547

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
and the nominal skin thickness in the scratched area. The damage
assessment using the allowable damage page block is the next step.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 548
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 549

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To start the damage assessments refer to the page block 101 of the relevant
chapter/section (53-41-11). And start to read carefully the procedure. A
special attention shall be paid to the notes and cautions.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 550
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 551

DAMAGE CRITERIA
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Read carefully all the cautions, they could give you information on
the assessment. A second caution note indicates that in some cases,
an inspection may be required to check for crack, even if the damage
is determined as being allowable.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 552
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 553

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
In the allowable damage description/criteria table (101), the paragraph

4A has to be acknowledged for reworks.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 554
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 555

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Check the applicability of the allowable damage for reworks.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 556
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 557

WEIGHT VARIANT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
A caution note indicates that the allowable damage effectivity per

A/C weight variant may have to be verified. The weight variant is a
criterion, which is defined for each model of A/C and depending on
its Maximum Take Off Weight (MTOW), Maximum Landing Weight
(MLW), and Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (MZFW). The allowable
damage limits are defined per weight variant and for a same model.
The weight variant can change depending on modification or SB
embodiment status. The actual weight variant of the affected A/C has
to be known before starting the assessment. Because of the
modifications, which could be embodied on the A/C, only the
airline-engineering department shall give you this information. The
actual weight variant shall be compared with the data given in a table
in introduction pages.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 558
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 559

WEIGHT VARIANT (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

pages, the allowable damage applicability has to be checked, using
the weight variant exclusion table (table 4) given at the introduction
of the SRM. The information coming from the airline-engineering
department shows that the MSN 2042 is at weight variant 010.
Checking the table 4, the weight variant 010 is included in and thus,
the following allowable damage information can be used.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 560
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - WEIGHT VARIANT (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 561

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Two diagrams are given, one for riveted areas and one for unriveted
areas.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 562
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 563

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The parameters of the rework have to be determined to be sure that

we are dealing with the correct diagram.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 564
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 565

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To determine which diagram to use, we have to check if the damage

is located in a riveted area. A riveted area extends from less than 15
mm (0.590 in) all around a rivet. In the applicable damage, the riveted
area and the unriveted area have to be acknowledged. The maximum
depths of the scratch in riveted and unriveted areas have to be
acknowledged too.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 566
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 567

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To be allowable, the rework width has to be equal or longer than forty

times the depth.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 568
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 569

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To complete the diagram, the maximum depth of the rework has to

be expressed as a percentage of the damaged skin thickness.
Those two values (found before) are plotted onto the diagram, which
defines a point. The area where this point is located defines the
subsequent actions to be performed.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 570
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 571

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
Check for the first criterion to be fulfilled: the width of the damage
must be at least 40 x T. The depth of the depression in the riveted area
is 0.2 mm; 40*0.2 = 8 mm. The width of the depression is 18.5 mm,
which is higher than 8 mm. So, the first criterion is met.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 572
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 573

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
To complete the diagram, the maximum depth of the rework in the

riveted area has to be expressed as a percentage of the damaged skin
thickness.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 574
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 575

ALLOWABLE REWORK DIAGRAM
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
The depth of the rework as percentage of the skin thickness in

unriveted area, and the length of the rework, are the key to get into to
diagram. You must refer to the data collected before. These two values
are plotted onto the diagram, which defines a point. The area where
this point is located defines the subsequent actions to be performed.
For the concerned rework, read the note: "Check damage for cracks.
Remove damage up to depression depth "T" (section view). Renew
surface protection and repair after 50 flights at the latest". Provided
that no crack is detected by detailed visual inspection, the rework is
considered as an allowable damage with a time limit (temporary
allowable damage). The A/C can be released. But a repair will have
to be done before 50 flights.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 576
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - ALLOWABLE REWORK DIAGRAM

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 577

ALLOWABLE REWORK DIAGRAM (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
This diagram enables to determine if the damage is allowable, and

the condition of allowability.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 578
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - ALLOWABLE REWORK DIAGRAM (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 579

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - CONCLUSION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
In the allowable example, two assessments have been done, the more
restrictive one has to be acknowledged. So, the damage has to be checked
for cracks, damage up to depression depth has to be removed, the surface
has to be renewed and the A/C has to be repaired after 50 flights at the
latest.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 580
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DC000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - CONCLUSION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 581
A318 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT EXAMPLE 3 D/O (3)

INTRODUCTION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The purpose of this example is to present you, the complete procedure

to be followed when a damage is discovered, from the damage mapping
draft to the final structure damage assessment. This example was chosen
as it represents one of the more usual types of damage on the A/C and
enables to make an in depth investigation with all the different stages.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 582
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
INTRODUCTION
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 583

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
any, are to be found within chapter 53 of the SRM. Information
concerning the damage classification and reporting are to be found within
SRM chapter 51-11-00. The applicable damage is a scratch with no visible
crack.
At this stage: take visual reference to facilitate damage location.
Such as, forward or an aft passengers door, or a cargo door, above or
below cabin floor level at stringer (Stgr) 23, near a longitudinal or
circumferential joint, etc...).
If the scratch is near a rivet row, an internal visual inspection is required
to determine whether the internal structure (frame, stringer, etc...) is also
damaged or not.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 584
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 585

MAPPING
DRAFT
Using the SRM 51-11-13 as a guide, the maximum information should
be taken from the A/C before starting any assessment (measurement
and location of the maximum depth, distance from dent edges to the
nearest fastener rows, existing closest skin joints or any other visible
structure that will help in the detailed location of the damage, etc...).
regarding the identification of the part, allowable damage and repair,
if any, are to be found within the chapter 53 of the SRM.
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
NOTE: on the affected panel, there are no stringer rivet rows, thus,
stringers, if any, should be welded onto the skin: it is not
possible to identify the stringer references.
As a consequence, it is necessary to measure the distance from a
longitudinal skin joint to the dent maximum depth, in order to get a
reference for the location of the dent. This reference will be compared
with the welded stringer references coming from the SRM, page blocks
101 and 201 (see next pages).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 586
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
MAPPING - DRAFT
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 587

MAPPING (continued)
CIRCUMFERENTIAL SKIN JOINT IDENTIFICATION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The illustration of the chapter 53-00-00 enables the operator to

determine the circumferential joints related frame numbers. In the
given example, the damage is located in the aft center fuselage section,
with the circumferential skin joints at Fr 47/54 and Fr 64.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 588
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
MAPPING - CIRCUMFERENTIAL SKIN JOINT IDENTIFICATION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 589

MAPPING (continued)
CIRCUMFERENTIAL SKIN JOINT IDENTIFICATION
(CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

the damage can be determined. According to the mapping information,
the damage is located between the fourth and the fifth frame before
the circumferential skin joint located at frame (Fr) 64. Consequently
the damage is located between Fr 59 and 60.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 590
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
MAPPING - CIRCUMFERENTIAL SKIN JOINT IDENTIFICATION (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 591

MAPPING (continued)
LONGITUDINAL SKIN JOINT AND PANEL
IDENTIFICATION (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

also need to be determined. For this purpose, the "General Panel
Identification" illustrations, proposed within chapter 53-00-00, can
be used. According to the data collected on the A/C and the location
of the damage from the existing longitudinal skin joints, the affected
panel can be determined. For this example, the damage is located on
panel 5 - lower side shell - located between Stgr 32 LH and 41 RH,
and Fr 47/54 and 64. As seen before, this panel is a welded
skin/stringer panel, thus, refer to page block 101 to determine the
stringers position.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 592
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
MAPPING - LONGITUDINAL SKIN JOINT AND PANEL IDENTIFICATION (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 593

MAPPING (continued)
WELDED STRINGERS POSITION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
First, refer to the page block 101 of the relevant chapter/section

(53-41-11) and start to read carefully the procedure. Refer to the
allowable damage description/criteria table to find the concerned
paragraph (4F): "Fuselage Skin Plates Fr 47 / 54 Thru Fr 64 Between
Stgr 32 LH and Stgr 41 RH (Welded Panel)".

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 594
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
MAPPING - WELDED STRINGERS POSITION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 595

MAPPING (continued)
WELDED STRINGERS POSITION (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
Read the notes within the relevant paragraph to find information about
the definition and determination of undisturbed skin (unwelded and
unriveted).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 596
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
MAPPING - WELDED STRINGERS POSITION (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 597

MAPPING (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
This figure shows how unwelded and unriveted areas, welded areas,
riveted areas and coupling areas are defined. Two methods of
measurement are given, we look at measurement from outside, a flag
refers to SRM chapter 53-41-11 page block 201 to get stringer
positions on a welded panel.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 598
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 599

MAPPING (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
This diagram provides the distances from the lap joint 41RH to all
welded stringers, at each frame location. Therefore a new mapping is
required. The distance from the lap joint (Stgr 41RH) to the dent
maximum depth (at Fr 60) becomes 825 mm.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 600
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 601

MAPPING (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
This distance (825 mm) must be compared with the distances from
the lap joint 41RH to the welded stringers, to locate the dent.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 602
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 603

MAPPING (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
We conclude that the dent is located between Stgr 40 and 41LH and
it is now possible to finalize the draft (see next page).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 604
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 605

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The "fuselage section division" illustration of chapter 53-00-00 used

before enables the definition of the affected section: aft center fuselage,
part of rear fuselage - section 16/17 - chapter 53-40-00. The general
illustration of the chapter 53-40-00 identifies the main structural
arrangement of the rear fuselage. The skin plates are part of the main
structure covered by the section 53-41-00.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 606
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 607

DETAILED IDENTIFICATION (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
panels (skin plates) are item number 5. The identification table informs
us that the full identification of the skin panels (skin plates) are covered
by SRM 53-41-11.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 608
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DETAILED IDENTIFICATION - DETAILED IDENTIFICATION (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 609

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The identification table of SRM 53-41-11 refers to the figure 3 sheet

2 for the skin panel located between Fr 58A & Fr 64, and Stgr 41RH
& Stgr 32LH.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 610
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 611

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The damaged panel is illustrated onto two sheets. According to the

figure 3 sheet 1, the damaged panel is item number 1.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 612
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 613

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
There is no modification associated to item 1 thus: it is the basic panel.

No other item/Part Number (P/N) with associated Modification
(MOD)/Service Bulletins (SB) status is available in the nomenclature
table so, the skin panel of MSN 2218 is the Part Number (P/N)
D53479410202.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 614
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 615

DETERMINATION OF SKIN THICKNESS IN DENTED
AREA
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The damage is located between Fr 59 & 60, and Stgr 40LH & 41LH.
This information can be reported onto the illustration and gives the
skin thickness in the dented area (code B, giving 1.6 mm (0.063 in)).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 616
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DETAILED IDENTIFICATION - DETERMINATION OF SKIN THICKNESS IN DENTED AREA

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 617

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
and the nominal skin thickness in the dented area. As the mapping is
at scale 1:1, we can measure the distance between Stgr 40LH and the
deepest point of the dent (59 mm), and the distance between Stgr 40
and the edge of the dent (49 mm). The damage assessment using the
allowable damage page block 101 is the next step.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 618
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 619

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
GENERAL
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
To start the damage assessments refer to the page block 101 of the
relevant chapter/section (53-41-11), and start to read carefully the
procedure. A special attention shall be paid to the notes and cautions.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 620
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - GENERAL

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 621

WEIGHT VARIANT
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
In the relevant paragraph 4F (fuselage skin plates Fr 47/54 thru Fr 64

between Stgr 32 LH and Stgr 41 RH (welded panel)), a caution note
indicates that the allowable damage effectivity per A/C weight variant
may have to be verified.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 622
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 623

WEIGHT VARIANT (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The weight variant is a criterion which is defined for each model of

A/C and depending on its Maximum Take Off Weight (MTOW),
Maximum Landing Weight (MLW), and Maximum Zero Fuel Weight
(MZFW). The allowable damage limits are defined per weight variant
and, for a same model, the weight variant can change, depending on
modification or SB embodiment status. The current weight variant of
the affected A/C has to be known before starting the assessment. If
the A/C weight variant is not within the table, a damage report has to
be sent to Airbus.
Depending on SB/Mod since A/C delivery, only the airline-engineering
department is able to give you the current A/C weight variant. The
current weight variant shall be compared with the data given in a table
at the beginning of allowable damage related paragraph.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 624
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - WEIGHT VARIANT (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 625

DAMAGE CRITERIA
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
A second caution note indicates that in some cases, an inspection

program has to be followed.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 626
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 627

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
Check the applicability of the allowable damage for dents.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 628
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 629

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
Refer to paragraph 4F for dents. Dents are considered as fulfilling

nearness/form criterion or out of nearness/form criterion in accordance
with their geometry and their proximity to the nearest adjacent internal
structure elements. This must be determined according to the
parameters defined in figure 114 and diagram 102.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 630
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 631

AREA OF RIVETED SUBSTRUCTURE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
In areas of riveted substructure, to define whether the dent fulfils

nearness/form criterion, two criteria have to be checked. Refer to
figure 114 sheet 1. B must be at least 15 mm, where B is the smallest
distance measured from the dent edge to any fastener row or any
cutout. D must be maximum 10 % of A, where D is the maximum
depth of the dent and A is the smallest distance measured from D
point to the closest adjacent structure.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 632
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - AREA OF RIVETED SUBSTRUCTURE

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 633

AREA OF RIVETED SUBSTRUCTURE (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
Check whether the first criterion is fulfilled: B distance is minimum

15 mm.
The smallest distance measured between the edge of the dent and the
surrounding fastener rows is 95 mm, which is higher than 15 mm.
The first criterion is met.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 634
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - AREA OF RIVETED SUBSTRUCTURE (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 635

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The second criterion consists in comparing the maximum depth of

the dent (D) with the smallest distance measured from the deepest
point of the dent to the closest adjacent structure (distance A). If no
access from inside, the measurement is taken from outside. In this
case, A is X-15 mm, where X is the distance between the deepest
point and the closest fastener row.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 636
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 637

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
Check whether the second criterion is fulfilled: D less or equal to 10

% of A. The depth of the dent should be maximum 10% of the distance
A. The smallest distance between the deepest point of the dent and
the surrounding fastener rows is 221 mm. Since measured from
outside, distance A = 221 mm - 15 mm = 206 mm. The second
criterion is met: D = 3 mm is smaller than 10 % of A.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 638
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 639

AREA OF UNRIVETED SUBSTRUCTURE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
In areas of unriveted substructure, to define whether the dent fulfils

the nearness/form criterion, two criteria have to be checked. Refer to
figure 114 sheet 2. Dent should be out of the welded area. D is
maximum 10 % of A, where D is the maximum depth of the dent and
A is the distance measured from D point to the boundary of the welded
area. Figure 114 sheet 2 informs us to refer to figure 115 for welded
areas.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 640
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - AREA OF UNRIVETED SUBSTRUCTURE

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 641

DEFINITION OF AREAS (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
This figure defines that a welded area is delimited by 25 mm up and

down the stringer.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 642
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - DEFINITION OF AREAS (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 643

AREA OF UNRIVETED SUBSTRUCTURE (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The welded area of 50 mm width has been reported on the mapping;

the first criterion is fulfilled as the dent is out of the welded area.
Check whether the second criteria is fulfilled: D 10 % A. The dent
fulfils both nearness form/criterion for unriveted area and riveted area,
thus continue the damage assessment.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 644
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - AREA OF UNRIVETED SUBSTRUCTURE (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 645

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

pages, the allowable damage applicability have to be checked, using
the weight variant table (table 107) given at the beginning of the
paragraph. The information coming from the airline-engineering
department shows that the MSN 2218 is at weight variant 004. Since
the weight variant 004 is within table 107, continue the damage
assessment.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 646
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 647

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
Before starting comparing the dents in accordance with diagram 102

as mentioned in paragraph 2, read the paragraph 3.
We have checked that the dent is out of riveted areas and welded areas,
if we look at figure 115 we see that the dent is also out of coupling
areas.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 648
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 649

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The key to the allowable damage diagram is the skin thickness in

dented area and the dent depth. You must refer to the data collected
before (damage mapping). The diagram is associated to requirements
already checked at an early stage.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 650
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 651

ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
The skin thickness in the dented area is 1.6 mm (found in the

identification pages). The depth of the dent is 4 mm (measured from
the A/C-damage mapping). These two values are plotted onto the
diagram, which defines a point. The area where this point is located
defines the subsequent actions to be performed. For the concerned
dent read the note: "Check Damage For Cracks By Detailed Visual
Examination. If Clear, repair Within 3000 FC". Provided that no crack
is detected by detailed visual inspection, the dent is considered as an
allowable damage with a time limit (temporary allowable damage).
The A/C can be released. But a repair will have to be done before
3000 Flight Cycles (FC). If cracked, contact Airbus or repair before
next flight.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 652
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DL000000001
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 653
STRUCTURE PROTECTIONS & AWARENESS D/O (3)

SOURCES OF DAMAGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
Throughout its operational life, the aircraft structure is subjected to

different types of damage:
- fatigue damage (cracking),
- accidental damage (e.g. bird impact, ground handling,...),
- deteriorations due to environmental and operating conditions (lightning
strike, corrosion, ...).

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 654
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
SOURCES OF DAMAGE
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 655

SOURCES OF DAMAGE (continued)
DAMAGE DETECTION/PREVENTION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
Concerning fatigue damage, the aircraft is designed and justified, to

be free of significant fatigue cracking during its Design Service Goal
(DSG). The scheduled structure inspection programs are prepared to
detect any fatigue cracking before it reaches a critical length.
Inspections for corrosion are also part of the scheduled maintenance
program. Nevertheless, the maximum protection schemes and attention
is paid to protect the aircraft structure against known environmental
aggressions. In addition, the basic protections should be kept in good
conditions and some basic precautions should also be considered.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 656
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
SOURCES OF DAMAGE - DAMAGE DETECTION/PREVENTION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 657

SURFACE PROTECTIONS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
- the material,
- the function,
- the location.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 658
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
SURFACE PROTECTIONS
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 659

SURFACE PROTECTIONS (continued)
PROTECTIVE TREATMENT AREAS - FUSELAGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
- difficult access, and/or high risk of accidental damage.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 660
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
SURFACE PROTECTIONS - PROTECTIVE TREATMENT AREAS - FUSELAGE

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 661

SURFACE PROTECTIONS (continued)
TYPE OF PROTECTIVE TREATMENTS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
- Type 2 - heavy-duty corrosion preventive compound: grease-like

coatings containing corrosion inhibitors which protect against corrosive
agents.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 662
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
SURFACE PROTECTIONS - TYPE OF PROTECTIVE TREATMENTS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 663

SEALANTS
SEALING IN TYPICAL FUSELAGE AREAS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
In some specified areas of the aircraft, for example the lower shell, a
protective layer is put on the sealant. This layer makes sure that other
materials (for example, fuel, hydraulic oil, engine oil and waste fluids
from the toilets and galleys) do not cause a deterioration of the sealant.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 664
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
SEALANTS - SEALING IN TYPICAL FUSELAGE AREAS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 665

SEALANTS (continued)
SEALING IN TYPICAL FUEL TANK AREAS
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
In the fuel tanks, the sealant is used to prevent fuel leaks and corrosion
of the fuel tank.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 666
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
SEALANTS - SEALING IN TYPICAL FUEL TANK AREAS

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 667

DRAINAGE
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
- special drain valves installed in those parts of the fuselage and which
are pressurized in flight.
The drain holes and drain valves are usually at the lowest part of the
fuselage. It is important that any unwanted liquids get to the drain holes
or valves. The structure of the lower fuselage is constructed so that a path
is given for these liquids. When you do a repair, make sure that you keep
this path free of unwanted materials.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 668
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
DRAINAGE
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 669

COMPOSITE PARTS PROTECTION
COMPOSITE DAMAGES
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
Composite structures can be damaged by lightning strikes or handling

operations. The environmental conditions may be the source of damage
like rain, dust. The structure can also be affected by impact of foreign
objects or birds for example. At the design stage, the structure has the
maximum protection against these different sources of damage.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 670
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
COMPOSITE PARTS PROTECTION - COMPOSITE DAMAGES

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 671

COMPOSITE PARTS PROTECTION (continued)
LIGHTNING STRIKE PROTECTION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
- Zone 3: this zone includes all of the aircraft surfaces that are not in
Zone 1 and 2. In Zone 3, there is a low probability of attachment of
a lightning strike. However, high lightning currents can go through
Zone 3 by direct conduction between two attachment points. Zone 3
currents will also go into Zones 1 and 2.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 672
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
COMPOSITE PARTS PROTECTION - LIGHTNING STRIKE PROTECTION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 673

RADOME
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
This AMM extract deals with an example of lightning strike protection

in Zone 1, the radome. The radome is a sandwich structure with quartz
fiber skins; it is protected using copper straps on the external surface,
and bonding braids connecting the aluminum alloy frame to the
fuselage structure.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 674
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
COMPOSITE PARTS PROTECTION - RADOME

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 675

ELEVATORS AND RUDDER
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
This second example shows the lightning strike protection of the

elevators and rudder trailing edges and tip, which are also located in
Zone 1. The elevators and the rudder are basically carbon fiber
structures. Their trailing edges are made of an aluminum alloy profile
and their tips are also made of aluminum alloy.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 676
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
COMPOSITE PARTS PROTECTION - ELEVATORS AND RUDDER

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 677

ELECTRICAL CONTINUITY
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
The Nose Landing Gear doors are located in Zone 2. Their protection
and the electrical continuity is achieved using a metallic grid installed
at the manufacturing stage on the top of the composite layers. Note
that in most cases, this grid should be restored when damaged, as per
the Structural Repair Manual (SRM) procedures.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 678
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
COMPOSITE PARTS PROTECTION - ELECTRICAL CONTINUITY

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 679

HANDLING OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
To keep composite structures in good and serviceable conditions, the

operator should avoid any damage during handling and/or maintenance
operations (such as chopped tools, take care of no step areas, ...).
Chemical strippers are not authorized on composite structures (the
resin system may be deteriorated). The protection like paint schemes
and special layers (e.g. tedlar layers on inside surfaces) should be kept
in good condition. The drying of composites is also essential before
hot bonding repair operations.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 680
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
COMPOSITE PARTS PROTECTION - HANDLING OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 681

ENVIRONMENTAL & IMPACT PROTECTION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
The impact protection of the Trimmable Horizontal Stabilizer (THS)

leading edge is achieved by a metallic cover plate.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 682
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
COMPOSITE PARTS PROTECTION - ENVIRONMENTAL & IMPACT PROTECTION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 683

ENVIRONMENTAL & IMPACT PROTECTION (CONT'D)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
- titanium fasteners.

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 684
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM51DD000000001
COMPOSITE PARTS PROTECTION - ENVIRONMENTAL & IMPACT PROTECTION (CONT'D)

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 685
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT EX. 1 OPERATIONAL SCENARIO (3)

SESSION OBJECTIVES
SESSION SET-UP
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE
DETAILED IDENTIFICATION OF THE DAMAGED
PART
ALLOWABLE DAMAGE-GENERAL
DAMAGE CRITERIA
ALLOWABLE DENT DIAGRAM USAGE/FINAL
DECISION
CONCLUSION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5121000000001
DAMAGE LOCATION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 686
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5121000000001
SESSION OBJECTIVES ... DAMAGE LOCATION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 687

MAPPING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5121000000001
DRAFT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 688
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5121000000001
MAPPING - DRAFT
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 689

MAPPING (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5121000000001
FINALIZATION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 690
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5121000000001
MAPPING - FINALIZATION
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 691
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5121000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 692
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5121000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 693

SESSION OBJECTIVES
SESSION SET-UP
DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION/LOCATION
PART
ALLOWABLE DAMAGE - GENERAL
APPLICABLE ALLOWABLE DAMAGE DIAGRAM
ALLOWABLE SCRATCH DIAGRAM USAGE/FINAL
DECISION
CONCLUSION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5122000000001
DAMAGE LOCATION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 694
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5122000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 695

MAPPING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5122000000001
DRAFT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 696
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5122000000001
MAPPING - DRAFT
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 697

MAPPING (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5122000000001
FINALIZATION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 698
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5122000000001
MAPPING - FINALIZATION
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 699
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5122000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 700
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5122000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 701
A318 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT EX. 3 OPERAT. SCENARIO(3)

SESSION OBJECTIVES
SESSION SET-UP
STRINGERS LOCATION
PART
ALLOWABLE DAMAGE - GENERAL
DAMAGE CRITERIA
CONCLUSION
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5123000000001
DAMAGE LOCATION

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 702
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5123000000001

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 703

MAPPING
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5123000000001
DRAFT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 704
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5123000000001
MAPPING - DRAFT
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 705

MAPPING (continued)
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5123000000001
RESULT

51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 706
U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM5123000000001
MAPPING - RESULT
51 - STRUCTURE
May 10, 2006

Page 707
AIRBUS S.A.S.
31707 BLAGNAC cedex, FRANCE
STM
REFERENCE U3T06191
MAY 2006
PRINTED IN FRANCE
AIRBUS S.A.S. 2006
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
AN EADS JOINT COMPANY
WITH BAE SYSTEMS

Ata-51 Airbus

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British Airways Engineering Training Centre

ISSUE 1 MARCH 2008

Your Course Notes

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

Structure General (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

May 11, 2006

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM01P1000000001

Composite materials are used for primary and secondary structure.

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

May 10, 2006

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM01P1000000001

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

AIRCRAFT MATERIALS - METALLIC MATERIALS & COMPOSITE MATERIALS

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

May 10, 2006

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM01P1000000001

The protection of the structure against corrosion is achieved by means

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

May 10, 2006

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM01P1000000001

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

STRUCTURE PROTECTION - AIRCRAFT DRAINAGE & SURFACE PRETREATMENT

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

May 10, 2006

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM01P1000000001

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

May 10, 2006

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM01P1000000001

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

STRUCTURE PROTECTION - PAINT SYSTEM

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

May 10, 2006

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM01P1000000001

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

May 10, 2006

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM01P1000000001

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

STRUCTURE PROTECTION & JACKING POINTS

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

May 10, 2006

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

GENERAL STRUCTURE CHANGES

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM01P1000000001

The main general structure changes are:

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 (CFM56-5B/ME)

STRUCTURE GENERAL (3)

May 10, 2006

U3T06191 - U13T1M0 - UM01P1000000001

SINGLE AISLE TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

A318 STRUCTURE DIFFERENCES - GENERAL STRUCTURE CHANGES