ON THE GOOD SIDE OF HISTORY

P R E M I U M E D I T I O N 0 ' . 5 1 0  #   0 #8# 4 4 1

ON THE
GOOD SIDE
OF HISTORY
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Published by Alphan Publishers, Inc. Cover and Book Design by Jerry Manalili
T H E A L P H A P H I B E T A S T O R Y , 1 9 3 9 -2 0 0 9
ON THE
GOOD SIDE
OF HISTORY
T H E A L P H A P H I B E T A S T O R Y , 1 9 3 9 -2 0 0 9

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 TA BL E OF C ON T EN TS

On the Good Side of History FOR EWOR D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

The Alpha Phi Beta Story, 1939-2009
by Nelson A. Navarro INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
© Copyright by Nelson A. Navarro
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Published by Alphan Publishers, Inc.
April 19, 2010
BEGINNINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Manila, Philippines 1939-41
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be
reproduced by any means without written permission %E>MQBO6TL
from the author except in the case of brief quotations
embodied in educational or critical purposes. WAR A ND SURVIVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
ISBN 978-971-94763-0-6
1941-49

Cover and Book Design by Jerry Manalili

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Printed by Primex Printers, Inc. THE TUR BULENT FIFTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Mandaluyong City, Philippines
1950 -59

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THE GOLDEN AGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
1960 -66

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FALL FROM GR ACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
1967-85

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R EBIRTH A ND CR ISIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
1986 -98

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R EDEDICATION A ND HOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
1999-2009

ACK NOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

BIBLIOGR APHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
INTERVIEWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
ALPHA N HONOR ROLL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
 family in Bigaa (now Balagtas) who 2>AOB(>RO>
came to Manila as a working student
and finished law at the University of Entering UP at its original Padre Faura campus in the second semes-
Sto. Tomas. He sold all his inherited ter of 1936 (he was sick of typhoid fever at the start of the school year), Tato
land and opened a law office on the quickly got into the swing of student politics.
Escolta, Manila’s premier business By this time, the UP campus located in the heart of Ermita district on
district, enabling his family of three the south bank of the Pasig River had become a glittering academic assem-
children to be raised in relative com- blage at par with many state universities in the United States.
fort. The Constantino home, a respect- Under the leadership of Rafael Palma, the UP’s magnificent buildings,
able two-storey house in the Spanish all lined up along tree-shaded Padre Faura Street, had risen in the neo-
style, was located on O’Donnell and classical style, with Greek columns and pediments, and were set off by lush
Zurbaran Streets in the old middle- gardens and classical statuary. What was once swampy ground at the back
class district of Sta. Cruz. had been drained and turned into a parade ground that stretched across to
The young Renato’s upbring- Isaac Peral Street (later United Nations Avenue). This would become the
ing was nationalistic and anti-sec- setting for full-dress military parades every Wednesday.
tarian. His father idolized the 1896 In the aerial photographs taken of Manila in this period, what comes
revolutionaries, felt that Aguinaldo across is a university and a city yearning for imperial grandeur as designed
The young Renato R. Constantino
betrayed the movement and sold out earlier in the century by Daniel Burnham, the famous American architect
to the Americans, and he was critical and urban planner who helped transform Chicago and Washington D.C into
of the Catholic church’s alliance with landlords and reactionary elements. world-class cities. It was Burnham who said that Manila, an ancient Malay
Of Quezon he had few kind words, believing that El Mestizo compromised settlement built up by the Spaniards into a walled medieval city over three
independence in exchange for power under the Americans. Tato’s maternal
grandmother was a staunch Tagalista who deeply resented American oc-
cupation of the Philippines and had nothing good to say about the Roman
Catholic hierarchy.
Music was a pleasant common denominator in the family, with the
young Renato and his sister Elsa becoming accomplished pianists and their
brother Jesus becoming a violinist who would later play with the Manila
Symphony Orchestra. Together, the family would play music at home and
attend concerts, the opera and vaudeville, often at the Manila Grand Opera
House, which was a few short blocks from their home.
A proud product of the public school system from elementary to college,
Tato was the star of Arellano High School, the largest and most prestigious
of Manila’s original four high schools established by the Americans, where
he was the best debater and a consistent scholar. The school along Doroteo
Jose Street was just a 10-minute walk from home. Two other notable Al-
phans would come from Arellano: Ambassador Adriano Garcia, Tato’s class-
mate and lifelong friend, and Reynato Puno, Alphan Batch 1959, who would The seafront Dewey (now Roxas) Boulevard as it winds south towards Cavite.
become Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. The UP campus on Padre Faura is farther to the left, foreground, 1930s.

30 ON T H E G O OD SI DE OF H I S T ORY BE GI N N I NG S 31
 Batch 1948 included Ladislao L. Reyes of Tacloban, Leyte, Generoso
Jacinto of Malabon, Rizal, Benjamin A. Bongolan of Urdaneta, Pangasinan,
Romeo R. Bringas of Vigan, Ilocos Sur, Bonifacio Cacdac, Jr. of Manila, and
Cipriano Primicias, Jr of Lingayen, Pangasinan.
Ladislao Reyes and Generoso Jacinto, Sr., both 1949 bar topnotchers
(7th and 8th respectively), would have distinguished careers, the first in the
insurance industry, and the second as UP Law professor and practitioner.
Ladislao Reyes’ sister, Marina Reyes, a UP Education graduate, would mar-
ry Leonie Perez. Leonie and Nena’s son, Leonardo Byron Perez, Jr., would
become an Alphan and a posthumous governor of Nueva Vizcaya because of
a successful election protest that was overtaken by his early death in 2007.
Two of Jack Jacinto’s sons (Gerry and Gene) would become Alphans
and two of his daughters (Jenny and Grace) Phi Delta Alphans (sister sorori-
ty of the Alphans, founded in 1958) and marry Alphans Orly Mirabueno and
Sanchez Ali, both Lord Chan-
cellors, in the 1970s, launching
a short-lived Jacinto dynasty in
the Alpha Phi Beta.
The last batch of the de-
cade, 1949, would be a little
bigger, perhaps about 15, and
it included Jaime M. Cortes
and Cesar Pangalangan of Ur-
daneta, Pangasinan, Eduardo
Tutaan of Manila, Felix Bello,
Jr. of Aparri, Cagayan, Felipe
T. Cuison of Dagupan, Pangasi-
nan, Perpetuo Nafarrete Jr of
Bolinao, Pangasinan, Carlos
R. Buenviaje of Albay, Mario
F.V. Borromeo of Cebu City,
Wilhelmo C. Fortun of Agusan,
and Agripino R. de Guzman of
Indang, Cavite. Jimmy Cortes
would become UP Chief of Po-
lice in the 1960s, at the height
of Alphan power, and move on
BEFORE THE STORM: Just back from New York,
THREE LIONS: From left, center, Augusto Caesar Espiritu,
to an international career in en- Tato Constantino is lionized in the press for sartorial
Leonardo Perez and Abraham Sarmiento at a banquet, late 1940s. treprenurial development with elegance and intellectual sophistication.

76 ON T H E G O OD SI DE OF H I S T ORY WA R A N D SU RV I VA L 77
An aerial view of Diliman in mid-1960s, at the
height of glamour and power of the Romulo years.

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THE
GOLDEN
AGE
19 6 0 -19 6 6

113
Glory Days: Alphans in front of Bocobo Hall, 1968

148 ON T H E G O OD SI DE OF H I S T ORY T H E G OL DE N AGE 149

of Marcos that were banned in the Philippines. He also allowed the staff, rile, but he was repeatedly ignored or turned down.
dominated by leftists like Fides Lim and Roland Simbulan, to write collec- After seven months, Ditto was temporarily released because of his fail-
tive editorials, which never failed to criticize martial law and America’s im- ing health. He quietly resumed his studies at UP but spent more and more
perialist role in the Philippines. As Domini Torevillas put it, Dittto always of his time in isolation, reading in his room. One year and 100 days later, on
had to navigate between conservatives who said the paper was too leftist November 11, 1977, he succumbed to heart attack.
and the activists who believe he was not radical enough. After Ditto’s death, the succeeding Collegian staff, with Alex Poblador
The Collegian would soon earn the sobriquet of “mosquito press,” a as editor-in-chief and Joey Lina as managing editor, both Alphans, dedicat-
term coined by Imelda Marcos to demonstrate that it was powerless. But ed the November 23, 1977 issue to Ditto’s memory, with the accompanying
the staff and the paper’s admirers thought the little stings of this insect of a words: “Para Sa Iyo, Ditto Sarmiento, Sa Iyong Paglilingkod sa Mag-aaral
paper cannot help but take its toll on the dictator and his cohorts. In no time at Sambayanan.” (Dedicated to you, Ditto Sarmiento, For your services to
at all, the paper took on the stature of a national paper, largely because the the students and the people).
rest of the media had been cowed to silence or flattery. It was called the “one The political prisoner Satur Ocampo, later Bayan Muna partylist con-
saving grace of Philippine journalism” during the Marcos years. gressman, who was
In December 26, 1975, Ditto Sarmiento had already been “summoned” once Ditto’s cellmate
by national security agents and made to explain his position to the Secretary at Camp Crame,
of Defense, Juan Ponce Enrile. Instead of caving in, the paper came out with wrote: “Ditto’s loss to
a special issue on January 12, 1976, just two weeks later, which was said to the family was as well
have been Ditto’s Waterloo. It had a collective editorial entitled “Uphold Cam- a great loss to his gen-
pus Freedom,” which exposed attempts to suppress the paper as well as the eration…Ditto knew
abuses of the martial law regime. It’s banner headline screamed across the me but little; we had
top of its front page: “Kung Hindi Tayo Kikibo, Sinong Kikibo? Kung di Tayo shared such a small
Kikilos, Sinong Kikilos? Kung Hindi Ngayon, Kailan Pa?” (If we don’t speak part of our lives, but
out, who will speak out? If we don’t move, who will move? If not now, when?) I know he too looked
This coincided with the UP College of Law’s 65th anniversary and there at the short period of
was a grand celebration at the college attended by President Marcos and the sharing woes as well
First Lady. The copies of the paper were circulated during the affair, and as unrepressed opti-
it caused a lot of consternation. It was supposed to have caught the eye of mism over the first
Marcos himself, who was visibly upset. victory of our people
Ten days later, Ditto was arrested in the middle of the night at his with a certain poi-
New Manila home. The arresting officers were the most notorious members gnancy as I do.”
of the Military Intelligence Group (MIG), Maj. Rolando Abadilla and 1st Lt. Former Presi-
Panfilo Lacson, perhaps the two military men most cited as torturers or dent Macapagal ex-
human rights violators of the dictatorship. Ditto would spend seven months tolled Ditto for having
in detention, the first five in Fort Bonifacio and the last two under isolation “joined the premier
in Camp Crame. He was lumped together with assorted political prisoners roll of young martyrs
and common criminals. Afflicted since childhood by asthma, for which an who gave their lives
oxygen tank had been put on stand by in his bedroom in New Manila, his in the fight for deliv-
health rapidly deteriorated without medical attention. Abe kept on protest- erance from an inter-
ing against this inhuman condition, appealing directly to Marcos and En- nal despotism.” The Collegian’s stirring tribute to Ditto Sarmiento

182 ON T H E G O OD SI DE OF H I S T ORY FA L L F ROM GR AC E 183

 “We dressed in barong and behaved properly,” says Caesar Agnir of the
convent-like atmosphere in the college in the Fifties, which persisted practi-
cally undisturbed until the First Quarter Storm of 1970. “We were a world
unto ourselves. (Law) Dean Sinco would brook no dissent or disrespect.”
Neither would Dean Vicente Abad Santos in the years leading up to
martial law and his eventual move up to the Marcos cabinet and the Supreme
Court. Breeches of discipline would be few and far between. Disturbances
like the 1966 rumble would be dealt harshly with a flood of suspensions and
even expulsions. The martial law period would also see fraternity clashes,
but this would largely be fought outside the college. But the fraternity heads
who happened to be law students would have to pay the price.
It would take a long time—some five years—for the students to start
flexing their muscles; in fact, the huge AS complex was wrapped in wire
fence which gave it the look of a concentration camp. Guards were posted
at the entrances and IDs were rigorously checked. But there would later be
“lightning” strikes or impromptu demonstrations.
“All the action was in the AS,” Willy Trinidad says, “and the rumbles
would always start with the AS brods. There was only a handful of brods Ilocos Outing, Summer 1977. (above, from left) Dante Ramos, Jorge Sarmiento,
who were activists like Alex Lopez and Edwin de la Cruz. At law school we Chito Moneda, Noriel Flores, Tata Fernando and Sonny Siazon

had to study hard and there was little time for monkey business.”
Except for the twin Alphan terms in the Collegian, the fraternity was
locked out of campus politics during the Seventies. There was no student
council from 1972 to 1978; after that, the left and its allies would be pretty
much in command. This left the Alphans no room to flex their political mus-
cles in the College of Law.
Except in 1975-76, when Dodo Sarmiento won over Sigma Rhoan Aveli-
no Cruz as Law Student Government president, the Alphans did not fare
very well in College of Law politics. Law students, compared to AS and other
UP students, tended to be more conservative politically and not disposed to
tangle with the authorities. This would pose a distinct disadvantage for Al-
phans with their more militant tradition.
Even with Ditto Sarmiento’s sterling example as a committed student,
the magic did no wonders for Joey Lina who lost the LSG presidency to an-
other fraternity’s candidate in 1977-78. The next two Alphan candidates for
1978-79 and 1979-80, Ramon Esguerra and Bobby Lucila, would also lose
to their more conservative opponents. In the latter fight, for instance, Bobby
Lucila and Rufus Rodriguez, later a congressman from Misamis Oriental,
effectively split the activist and independent vote and this led to the narrow
win of the Sigma Rho candidate, Raoul Angangco. AT THE TAMBAYAN: Alphans drive martial law blues away.

186 ON T H E G O OD SI DE OF H I S T ORY FA L L F ROM GR AC E 187

a congressional seat in the first elections of 1987. In two years, as a protégé
of Speaker Ramon Mitra he had become one of the most celebrated figures
in the political world. He was tall, dark and handsome in the Filipino sense.
He radiated charm and confidence that was almost Kennedyish; this was
considered an irresistible and winning combination in post-Marcos politics.
The November 1989 Gringo Honasan coup attempt shook the Cory re-
gime to its very foundations, prompting desperate efforts to shore up the
president’s sagging popularity, if only to assure that she would gracefully
finish her six-year term in 1992.
Oca Orbos was one of those drafted into the Cory cabinet in January
4, 1990. He would quickly become the most popular man in an otherwise
lacklustre cabinet. His programs to deregulate the PLDT telephone monopoly,
THE CORY YEARS: President Aquino with Dangal Elma,
Oscar Orbos and Bobby Lucila in Malacañang grounds.
230 ON T H E G O OD SI DE OF H I S T ORY
controlled by the pres-
ident’s relatives, won
him public acclaim—
and many enemies
within Cory’s inner
circle. Soon he was de-
regulating the trans-
portation industry,
from airlines to ships
to passenger buses,
and his popularity
CORY WITH THE BACKROOM BOYS: Catalino Macaraig,
soared to new heights. Dangal Elma, Dodo Sarmiento and Bobby Lucila
By the end of the
year, on December 21, 1990, the embattled Cory Aquino would pick him as exec-
utive secretary, making him, as Little President, the second most powerful man
in the land. He displaced the powerful Catalino Macaraig, an Upsilon mainstay,
and provoked intense opposition from other sectors, notably Franklin Drilon, by
then Secretary of Justice, who also coveted Taling Macaraig’s post.
“Oca never wanted the job,” says Bobby Lucila, who, along with Dodo
Sarmiento, had been serving in the corridors of power along with deputy ex-
ecutive secretary Magdangal Elma, and counted among Cory’s trusted legal
advisers. “But Oca became Little President, much to the envy of the other
power centers. From day one, these people worked to sabotage him. We were
quite helpless, we Alphans in the backroom, because Oca was not distrustful
of people and always looked the other way. His rivals were just waiting for
him to stumble before they would go for the kill.”
By this time, Oca would be ballyhooed, some say too prematurely, as
a presidential candidate in 1992. This boomlet would turn serious when no
less than Jaime Cardinal Sin, the powerful Archbishop of Manila and Mrs.
Aquino’s closest adviser, openly called Oscar Orbos as Cory’s successor and
the next president.
The President and the executive secretary at first made beautiful mu-
sic together. Cory’s popularity improved or, rather, stopped falling in the
charts. But Oca’s public standing continued to rise, well past Cory’s, and
this started to become an irritant between them.
Few critical voices were raised against the new darling of the media.
One notable exception would come from a most unlikely quarter, Tato Con-
stantino, who was writing a column for the increasingly critical Philippine
Globe. In one blistering column, Tato described Oscar Orbos as all fluff, a
R E BI RT H A N D C R I SI S 231
the hapless Jude. This was a matter of grave concern because, before Jude,
no Alphan LC had ever been physically assaulted by another fraternity. For
a while, this incident strengthened the hands of the so-called war party
within the fraternity. But the reform program had sank too deeply; more
peaceful means of redress were sought and eventually found.
Distressed by declining membership, the Alphans undertook a massive
recruitment campaign which bagged more than 30 new members in 2003.
This was shortly recognized as a catastrophic mistake, after more than half or
15 were kicked out of school for poor academic standing. This was something
unheard of in the fraternity because, in the past, much attention was paid to
the academic promise and performance of members. Alphans could flunk as
individuals, an insignificant few at a time, but never en masse as in 2003.
“We were so desperate,” says Malcolm, “that we got anyone who both-
ered to apply. Never again would we recruit just for the sake of recruiting.”
But those four years of darkness, 2000-2004, were not entirely wasted.
Despite the bad public image, the hit-and-run rumbles and stubborn
efforts to bring back the old discredited practices, the fraternity somehow
manage to recruit no less than seven new members who, by 2007, would
make a difference in turning around the fraternity’s fortunes.

THREE LORD CHANCELLORS: ACHIEVERS: (clockwise, from top left) Arveen Agunday, Danny Peckley,
(from left) Carlo Olivar, Melvin Banzon Ruben Acebedo, Jovette Cerbo, Christian Señeres and Robel Lomibao
and Malcolm Madriaga

Despite Malcolm’s early reputation as a trouble-maker, including a

frustrated homicide case that was dismissed, the Atenista son of a UP Law
1983 father and a computer-savvy daughter of an ambassador to Israel, had
emerged, by 2004, as chief recruiter of new Alphan blood. In a surprising
case of re-invention, Malcolm became a strong advocate of redirecting the
fraternity along reformist lines outlined by the alumni-run chancery.
Among Malcolm’s recruits, drawn from former Lourdes School class-
mates, some of whom had gone on to Ateneo de Manila or UST before turn-
ing up at UP Law were Archimedes Gonzales and Arveen Agunday (2002-B)
as well as Carlo Olivar and Melvin Banzon (2004).
Other newcomers in this period were Christian Señeres (2000), the
American-educated son of an ambassador to the United Arab Emirates who,
in 2004, would become one of the youngest party-list congressmen of the
Philippines, Abraham Acosta (2003), a champion debater who would make
it all the way to the Jessup Moot Court in Washington DC, Christian Cal-
ibo (2002), a CPA-turned-lawyer who would run against Malcolm for LC

266 ON T H E G O OD SI DE OF H I S T ORY R E DE DIC AT ION A N D HOPE 267

 OR DER OF THE LOR D CH A NCELLOR

1939 BENEDICTO BALDERAMMA 1955-56 SANTIAGO F. DUMLAO (1st) 1971-72 ORLANDO A. MIRABUENO 1991-92 NICASIO B. BAUTISTA III
1940 ANTONIO L. AZORES (1st) DONATO SOR SUYAT (2nd) 1972-73 OSCAR M. ORBOS 1992-93 AMER HUSSEIN MAMBUAY
ADRIANO P. GARCIA (2nd) 1956-57 REMBERTO A. MACLANG (1st) 1973-74 MARIANO P. SARMIENTO II 1993-94 ALEXANDER L. LACSON
1941 BIENVENIDO C. EJERCITO ROLANDO P. ARJONILLO (2nd) 1974-75 TOMAS N. PRADO 1994-95 THOR CAUSING
1946 AGUEDO F. AGBAYANI (2nd) 1957-58 GREGORIO C. MANIO, JR. (1st) 1975-76 JORGE V. SARMIENTO 1995-96 ALLAN ENRIQUEZ
1947 EZEQUIEL M. ZABALLERO GAUDENCIO S. SADICON (2nd) 1976-77 ELEUTERIO P. SARMIENTO 1996-97 ROMMEL CUISON
1947-48 CELSO E. UNSON (1st) 1958-59 ROLANDO M. RIVERA (1st) REYNALDO B. DAWAY 1997-98 DENNIS ACORDA
ANDRES T. VELARDE (2nd) MANUEL D. ORTEGA (2nd) 1977-78 SANCHEZ ALI 1998-99 MARIO ZINAMPAN
1948-49 ABRAHAM F. SARMIENTO (1st) 1959-60 HEHERSON T. ALVAREZ (1st) 1978-79 GERARDO R. JACINTO DOMINIC SOLIS
BALDOMERO M. VILLAMOR (2nd) ANTONIO R. TUPAZ (2nd) GIL M. TABIOS 1999-00 REY FEIZAL MILLAN
1949-50 CRISOSTOMO DE LOS REYES (1st) 1960-61 HERMENEGILDO C. DUMLAO 1979-80 JOSE B. CASTIGADOR, JR. 2000-01 JUDE SUDARIO
NESTOR E. GONZALES (2nd) 1961-62 CRISANTO T. SARUCA 1980-81 DENNIS C. HABAWEL 2001-02 ARMAND TALBO
1950-51 ALEXANDER S. GONZALES (1st) 1962-63 HENRY M. LOPEZ 1981-82 ANDREW T. LAGMAY 2002-03 RUBEN ACEBEDO
JOSE S. PASION (2nd) 1963-64 JOSE M. RAMOS 1982-93 BENJAMIN L. PALOMIQUE, JR. 2003-04 JOSEPH CRUZ
1951-52 FROILAN M. BACUNGAN (1st) 1964-65 GEORGE L. HOWARD 1983-84 ANTONIO A. VER, JR. 2004-05 VER ANGELO SUMABAT
ZOILO A. ANDIN (2nd) 1965-66 SOTERO C. MENDOZA 1984-85 JOSE J. AURELIO 2005-06 JESUS MALCOLM G. MADRIAGA
1952-53 MAURO M. CASTRO (1st) 1966-67 JOSE V. BARCELONA, JR. 1985-86 WILFREDO IKE P. ROSERO 2006-07 ARCHIMEDES GONZALES
BENJAMIN S. SOMERA (2nd) 1967-68 SAMUEL T. RAMEL (1st) 1986-87 JOSE VICENTE M. OPINION 2007-08 CARLO U. OLIVAR
1953-54 CAMILO P. CABILI (1st) NESTOR F. BORBON (2nd) 1987-88 ARNIE T. OCLARIT 2008-09 JEFFREY RODEN
VICTORINO A. SAVELLANO (2nd) 1968-69 FRANKLIN S. FAROLAN 1988-89 RUFINO L. POLICARPIO III DAVID BEN LINDO
1954-55 EMMANUEL S. TIPON (1st) 1969-70 BERNARDO P. BRINGAS 1989-90 DON JOMAR M. OLEGARIO 2009-10 RYAN P. OLIVA
SIME D. HIDALGO (2nd) 1970-71 OMAR D. VIGILIA 1990-91 MANUEL OYSON III 2010-11 MELVIN L. BANZON

298 ON T H E G O OD SI DE OF H I S T ORY 299