Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(IJARET)
Volume 6, Issue 10, Oct 2015, pp. 36-41, Article ID: IJARET_06_10_008
Available online at
http://www.iaeme.com/IJARET/issues.asp?JType=IJARET&VType=6&IType=10
ISSN Print: 0976-6480 and ISSN Online: 0976-6499
IAEME Publication
___________________________________________________________________________
1. INTRODUCTION
The ever-increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics is one of the most challenging
tasks of all the medical issues which are being faced by us today. A single mutation in
bacteria which leads to a new resistance mechanism against various drugs is like
undoing within moments, the great efforts in developing these drugs; of a great mind.
Infection with Drug resistant organisms is a major public health issue. Evolution of
resistance to beta lactam antibiotics in Gram negative pathogens results from the
production of beta lactamases which can hydrolyse the beta lactam ring. Beta
lactamases are a group of enzymes produced by several Gram negative organisms that
inactivate the drugs that belongs to penicillin and cephalosporin group and render
them in effective[1-2]. ESBL Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases were first
described in Klebsiella species and then in Ecoli and other genera. ESBL are a group
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A Study on The Prevalence of ESBL Producing Gram Negative Bacilli In A Tertiary Care
Hospital
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4. RESULTS
Total number of samples processed 6672.Number of GNB isolated from the
samples 2366.Total number of ESBL producers 141
Double Disc Synergy Testing
5. URINE
Number of samples processed 6672 (Urine 4272, 1176 showed significant
bacteriuria)
Total
Ecoli
Klebsiella
Acinetobacter
Pseudomonas species
Citrobacter
Proteus
Enterobacter
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ESBL producers
80
39
14
7
6
6
5
3
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A Study on The Prevalence of ESBL Producing Gram Negative Bacilli In A Tertiary Care
Hospital
6. PUS SAMPLES
Total number of samples processed 1759, of which 846 yielded GNB
GNB isolates
846
164
129
106
245
108
68
26
Total
Ecoli
Klebsiella
Acinetobacter
Pseudomonas species
Citrobacter
Proteus
Enterobacter
ESBL producers
43
17
13
5
5
1
1
1
Total
Ecoli
Klebsiella
Acinetobacter
Pseudomonas species
Citrobacter
Proteus
Enterobacter
2500
ESBL producers
18
4
8
3
5
1
0
0
2366
2000
1500
Total isolates
933
1000
ESBL producers
500
430
319
141
60
226
35
16
204
15
137
8
67
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8. DISCUSSION
In the recent years, the problem of increasing resistance to antibiotic has threatened
the entire world. The correct detection of ESBL producing microorganisms is a
challenge for the laboratories, as it requires not only phenotypic test also genotypic
test for all genes associate with -lactamases production. A total of 6672 samples
were processed of which 2366 yielded Gram negative bacilli. In this study E coli
(933) and Klebsiella (319) were the most prevalent isolates among the Gram negative
bacilli. The prevalence of ESBL producing GNB was found to be 5.95%. In E coli the
ESBL prevalence was 6.43 % and in Klebsiella it was 10.97%.
9. CONCLUSION
There is a high prevalence of ESBL production in our hospital and so, it is essential to
report the ESBL production along with the routine sensitivity reports, which will help
the clinician in prescribing proper antibiotics. Also, control measures which include
the judicious use of antibiotics, antibiotic cycling, and the implementation of
appropriate infection control measures and the formulation of an antibiotic policy
must be done, to prevent the spread of these strains.
REFERENCES
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A Study on The Prevalence of ESBL Producing Gram Negative Bacilli In A Tertiary Care
Hospital
[10]
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standard, 5th ed. NCCLS document M7-A5. Wayne, PA: National Committee
for Clinical Laboratory Standards, 2000.
Bali EB, Acik L, Sultan N. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of
SHV, TEM, CTX-M and extended spectrum -lactamase produced by
Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumanii and Klebsiella isolates in a Turkish
hospital. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 2010; 4(8): 650-654
Samaha-Kfoury J N, Araj G F. Recent developments in -lactamases and
extended spectrum -lactamases. BMJ 2003; 327:1209-13.
Dr. Satpal Singh and Dr. Pankaj, Health Care Quality Assurance: Emergency
Department of A Tertiary Care Hospital, International Journal of Advanced
Research in Management 4(1), 2013, pp. 31 - 41.
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