IMMORAL TRAFFIC PERVETION ACT 1956

By SREELEKSHMI.S 1st MSW

To call woman the weaker sex is a libel; it is man's injustice to woman. If by s

trength is meant brute strength, then, indeed, is woman less brute than man. If
by strength is meant moral power, then woman is immeasurably man's superior. Has
she not greater intuition, is she not more self-sacrificing, has she not greate
r powers of endurance, has she not greater courage? Without her man could not be
. If non-violence is the law of our being, the future is with woman. Who can mak
e a more effective appeal to the heart than woman? ; M. GANIDHI

Contents
1.Introduction 2.Immoral Traffic Prevention Act 1956 3. Amendments 4.Causes of P
rostitution 5.Role of an NGO 6.Special case Study 7.Conclusion
1.

What is
 Definition
Trafficking?
The illicit and clandestine movement of persons across national borders, largely
from developing countries and some countries with economies in transition, with
the end goal of forcing women and girl children into sexually or economically o
ppressive and exploitative situations for profit of recruiters, traffickers and
crime syndicates, as well as other illegal activities related to trafficking, su
ch as forced domestic labour, false marriages, clandestine employment and false
adoption -United Nations General Assembly 1994

Immoral Traffic Prevention Act of 1956

 An Act to provide International convention
signed at New York on 9th may 1950.  The ITPA was amended on 1986 and then it was
known as Supression of Immoral Traffic Act(SITA).
 It include, title and extent and
commencement  It extent to whole of India except Jammu & Kashmir

DEFINITION
 In this Act ,unless the context requires;
Brothel it include any house, room,coveyance or place or or any portion of any h
ouse,room,conveyance or place, which is used for purposes of sexual exploitation
or abuse for the gain of another person or for the mutual gain of two or more p
rostitutes

 Child
A person who has not completed the age of sixteen years  corrective institution m
eans an institution, by whatever name called (being an institution established o
r licenced as such under Section 21), in which persons, who are in need of  corre
ction, may be detained under this Act, and includes a shelter where under trials
may be kept in pursuance of this Act;

(c) magistrate means a Magistrate specified in the second column of the Schedule
as being
 competent to exercise the powers conferred by the section in     
which the expression occurs and which is specified in the first column of the Sc
hedule; major means a person who has completed the age of eighteen years; minor
means a person who has completed the age of sixteen years but has not completed
the age of eighteen years; (d) prescribed means prescribed by rules made under t
his Act;

 keeping a brothel or allowing a premises to be used      

as a brothel . living on the earnings of prostitution. procuring, inducing or ta
king persons for the sale of prostitution . detaining a person in a premises whe
re prostitution is carried on prostitution in and around the vicinity of public
places seducing or soliciting for the purpose of prostitution seduction of a per
son in custody

AMENDMENTS TO IMMORAL TRAFFIC PREVENTION ACT, 1956

To protect the victim: New
section defined
where
Trafficking
is
 Age of child raised from sixteen years
to eighteen year.
 Deletion of Sections which re-victimized
the victims.
 In-Camera proceedings in court cases
to safeguard privacy of victims.

AMENDMENTS TO IMMORAL TRAFFIC PREVENTION ACT, 1956

New Section 5B which provides punishment for trafficking in persons
Enhancement of punishment to traffickers, brothel keepers, pimps etc. If the tra
fficked victim is a punishment can extend to life. child the
New section for punishment for a persons who visits brothel for sexual exploitat
ion

UJJAWALA (RADIANCE OF LIGHT)

A Comprehensive Scheme for Prevention of Trafficking and Rescue, Rehabilitation
and Re-integration of Victims of Trafficking for Commercial Sexual Exploitation
launched on 4 December, 2007 ujjawala (access at
www.wcd.nic.in).
To be implemented by NGOs

CAUSES OF PROSTITUTION
         
Neighbour in connivance with parents. Neighbours as pimps (guardians not knowing
). Aged sex workers from same village or locality. Unknown person/accidental mee
ting with pimp. Mother/sister/near relative in the profession. Lover giving fals
e hope of marriage or job and selling to brothel. Close acquaintance giving fals
e hope of marriage or job. "Husband" (not legally married) Husband (legally marr
ied) Young college student selling to brothel and visiting free of cost:

Some Statistical Data Related to Prostitution

 In 2007,the Ministry of women andChild    
Development reported 2.8 million sex workers in India With 35.57pecent of them e
ntering the trade before 18 years Number of sex workers doubled last decade Mumb
ai is the largest sex centre in Asia(200000 sex workers) The largest best known
red-light district in India are;Sonaganchi in Kolkatta,Kamathipuram in Mumbai, G
.B Road in Delhi,Reshapuram in Gwaliort

 In India, most of the HIV/AIDS patients from

sex workers  In Mumbai, 50 percent sex workers has HIV  A study shows that the HIV
prevalence among sex workers increased 17%(1992) to 48% in 2000.

The Role Of an NGO

 NGO S playing an important role in the upliftment of     
CSEW( Commercially Sexually Exploited Women) Dealing with health awareness and s
pecial focuses on HIV/ AIDS and other STD disease Providing Counseling service a
nd de-addiction programs, skill development and training etc Some of the NGO s t
aking care of the children of CSEW s by providing full time care, education and
residential homes away from red light area Navjeevan Centre, CCDT, Prerna, Oasia
India, Salvation Army etc Each organization has specific goals,which would be t
he overall rehabilitation of CSEW and/their children.

Special Case Study

Criticisms
 1.This act fail to give a proper definition for
Immoral Traffic  2.It is a complicated act, because the amendments are very diffi
cult to understand common people  3.The increasing rate of sexual abuses are poin
t out the ineffectiveness of this Act  4.This Act is not that much popular

 Does the Act addressing Trafficking as a

moral issue?  Is Immoral Traffic Prevention Act is an antitrafficking law?  Does t
his Act adopt a preventive approach to trafficking?

CONCLUSION

ANY QUESTIONS?

THANK YOU