Socrates finally decides to explain what hes thinking after Euthyphro reaches a point where he can no

longer explain.
Socrates asks if all which is just is also pious and if all which is pious is also just.
-Euthyphro cant explain
-Socrates gives example of where there is fear there is also reverence, says this is false because people
fear poverty and disease but probably do not revere these things. But he also says that where there is
reverence there is also fear.
Elaborates on that last thing its like the shapes and the example of being written on the whiteboard as the
thing that defines shapes
Socrates asks if piety is a part of justice then what part is it.
-Euthyphro states that piety or holiness is justice which attends to the gods, and the other part of justice is
the part which attends to men.
Socrates asks what Euthyphro means by attention because attention can have different meanings
Horses need attention from horsemen, huntsmen are qualified to attend to gods, oxherd is qualified to
attend to oxen, Socrates uses examples to ask Euthyphro if holiness and piety is the art of attending to the
gods, Euthyphro agrees
Socrates points out that attention is designed to benefit that which attention is given to, points out that
animals are benefitted by their attendant
-Euthyphro agrees, says that they are hurt when they are not attended to
Socrates asks if piety or holiness, defined as the art of attending to the gods, benefits or improves the gods
-Euthyphro says no that isnt what they meant, he meant that it is the sort of attention slaves pay their
masters
Socrates points out that medicine is a kind of service, and asks what kind of service or benefit people
provide to the gods by being pious, asks what works they do with the help of ministrations by people
-Euthyphro agrees, says that the works they do are a lot, and Socrates asks if he would consider victory in
war the greatest, he agrees.
Socrates asks of the many things the gods do, what is the greatest one
-Euthyphro gets tired and irritated and says that piety or holiness is learning how to please the gods in
word and deed by prayers and sacrifices.
-Socrates continues asking questions.
Socrates asks if Euthyphro means that piety is a sort of science of praying and sacrificing
-Euthyphro agrees
-Socrates asks if the nature of this service to the gods is to prefer requests and give gifts to them
-Also says that the right way to give is to give in return of what they want of the people.
Socrates asks if piety is an art which gods and men have of doing business with each other, Euthyphro
agrees
Socrates asks what benefit gods get from gifts
-Euthyphro says that they are tributes of honor to the gods and says that the gifts please them
-Socrates states that piety is pleasing to the gods but not beneficial or dear to them
-Euthyphro disagrees, says that nothing could be dearer than piety to the gods.
This comes around and so it seems like Euthyphro has just said that things which are loved by the gods are
holy and this is different from what is dear to them
-Socrates points out that one of these statements must be false
-Socrates asks again what is piety
-Euthyphro ditches him
-Socrates flatters Euthyphro, conversation ends.

Apology, by Plato

Socrates asks for the people to not be surprised if he talks in the way hes used to because hes 70 years old
Replying to older charges first. Socrates speculated about heaven, searched earth, made worse appear
better. The people who accused him of this likely to believe Socrates didnt believe in the gods. These
charges are old and Socrates does not tell names of accusers. Ancient and recent accusers and ancient ones
cant be argued with directly.
Socrates is being accused of not believing in the gods and questioning things and then teaching other
people this.
Also accused of teaching and taking money from people.
Oracle said he was the wisest man.
Tried to find wiser man, found man who knew nothing but thought that he knew and Socrates thinks that he
knows nothing .
He made a lot of enemies trying to get people to realize that they werent actually smart.
He talked to politicians then poets, found that poets were like diviners saying things but not understanding
the meaning of them, but they believed that they were the wisest but they werent. Socrates decided he was
superior to them as well as the politicians
The artisans knew things Socrates didnt but they were also like the poets so Socrates decided that he was
better off
This is how Socrates made a whole lot of enemies, he says that god only is wise and that the gods think that
the wisest men are like socrates and know that their wisdom is worth nothing. Socrates goes around the
world and searches and makes inquiry into the wisdom of others and when he finds that they are not wise
he shows them.
Young people started doing the same thing and discover that there are lots of people who think they know
something but really know nothing and this irritated the people who were being questioned.
Meletus had quarrel on behalf of poets, anytus on behalf of politicians, lycon on behalf of rhetoricians.
1st class of accusers the one thats ancient ^^^
2nd class headed by meletus, good man and true lover of his country, calls himself.
Socrates is a doer of evil who corrupts the youth and who does not believe in the gods of the state but has
other new divinities of his own
Socrates calls meletus a doer of evil because he pretends to be in earnest when only in jest and so eager to
bring men in from a pretended zeal and interest in things that he didnt really care about.
He questions meletus and asks if he really cared about the youth and who really improved them
Meletus says the laws, Socrates wants to know who is the person who knows the laws. Meletus says judges,
Socrates says all of them (thats a lot) and goes on to ask meletus about the audience improving youth,
senators, assembly, meletus agrees with all, and Socrates states that this means that every Athenian
improves and elevates them with the exception of Socrates and he is the sole corrupter
Asks about horses does one man do them harm and all the others do good. Socrates states that the opposite
is true and theres a horse trainer. If one corruptor only, Athenian youth should be very happy.
Better to live among bad citizens or good ones, Socrates saying something about unintentionally or
intentionally corrupting youth. Meletus says intentionally.
Meletus accuses him of being an atheist, apparently other people said this stuff and there were plays??
Horsemanship but not horses, fluteplaying but not fluteplayers, can a man believe in spiritual and divine
agencies and not in spirits and demigods.
Socrates teaches spiritual agencies so must believe in gods and demigods.
Meletus says Socrates believes in not gods but demigods
A man who is good for anything out not to calculate the chance of living and dying he ought to consider
whether what he is doing is good or bad.
With meletus point of view the people who died at troy were not good for much because they died.

Socrates is accusing meletus kind of of what meletus is accusing Socrates of.

Socrates says that god orders him to fulfil the philosophers mission of searching into himself and other men
and he seems opposed to deserting this mission because hes afraid of death
Fear of death is the pretence of wisdom and not real wisdom, being in a pretence of knowing the unknown.
Peopld dont know whether death is evil or good, its completely unknown.
More stuff about men thinking they know what they do not know
Socrates does not suppose that he knows but he does know that injustice and disobedience to a better,
whether god or man is evil and dishonorable.
PART TWO
Socrates will obey god rather than man, he will always practice philosophy, if someone claims to care and
know about wisdom and truth and the improvement of the soul, Socrates will question them
Socrates teaches people to care about improvement of the soul
Nothing will injure Socrates because a bad man is not permitted to injure a better than himself.
The evil of unjustly taking a life is greater than what Socrates was accused of
Daimoneon is what prevents Socrates from being a politician
Politician that fights for actually what is right and lawful and just would die quickly, private station needed
Trial of generals who had not taken up the bodies (Socrates as a senator) orators threatened to impeach and
arrest Socrates, he would run risk of death rather than partake in injustice
Socrates was only caring about doing unrighteous or unholy things
If he lived a public life would not have survived so long as a good man, Socrates didnt exclude anyone
from hearing him either
Socrates god given mission to cross examine people
If Socrates had corrupted youth, why are they and their families not prosecuting him. Cause truth and
justice.
Stuff about how men who had been condemned to die behaving like they thought that by escaping being
put to death theyd gain immortality
Judges job is to give judgement and he will judge according to laws not according to his own pleasure, this
is why you shouldnt ask a favor of a judge
Socrates helped people privately, realized he was too honest to be a politician and live
Socrates didnt say death would be a penalty he was old already, he doesnt KNOW if death is bad, he is
aware he doesnt know
The difficulty is not to avoid death but to avoid unrighteousness
Socrates prophesies worse punishment on his accusers because there will be younger accusers of them and
they will be more inconsiderate and stuff
Socrates is okay with death because oracle made no opposition. Since conscience did nothing, death cant
be evil.
Either death is a state of nothingness and it is a good dreamless sleep, or it is the land of the dead and it is
the greatest good because Socrates will practice philosophy in the afterlife.
Socrates asks people to treat his sons like Socrates treated people