In gear 2

unit 4

VOCABULARY
TO DO

to do a favour
to do a project
to do a test
to do an exam
to do badly
to do business
to do damage
to do exercise
to do good
to do harm
to do homework
to do housework
to do nothing
to do research
to do something
to do some reading
to do some studying
to do some writing
to do the accounts
to do the cleaning
to do the dishes
to do the ironing
to do the laundry
to do the math
to do the maximum
to do the minimum
to do the paperwork
to do the shopping
to do the vacuuming
to do time
to do work
to do your best
to do your duty
to do your hair
to do your nails
to do your job
to do your makeup
to do 50 miles per
hour

TO MAKE

to make a booking
to make a bundle
to make a call
to make a cake
to make a choice
to make a comment
to make a complaint
to make a deal
to make a decision
to make a difference
to make a fire
to make a fool of yourself
to make a fortune
to make a fuss
to make a habit
to make a move
to make a phone call
to make a point
to make a presentation
to make a profit
to make a promise
to make a remark
to make a reservation
to make a sales call
to make a sound
to make a speech
to make a suggestion
to make a threat
to make a visit
to make amends
to make an appearance
to make an appointment
to make an attempt
to make an enquiry
to make an exception
to make war

mag
TO MAKE

to make an excuse
to make an offer
to make arrangements
to make believe
to make friends
to make fun
to make changes
to make corrections
to make do
to make love
to make money
to make noise
to make peace
to make plans
to make a profit
to make progress
to make sense
to make someone angry
to make someone happy
to make (someone) mad
To make someone sad
to make someones day
to make sure
to make time
to make trouble
to make dinner
to make lunch
to make breakfast
to make a snack
to make tea / coffee
to make a mess
to make a mistake
to make the bed
to make time

In gear 2

unit 4

mag

DO or MAKE?
Fill in the gaps with DO or MAKE:
1. Will you

me a favour?

2. Its your turn to

3. I will

the dishes today.

a list of the things we need.

4. Ok, I will

an exception for you.

5. Please, dont

mistakes.

6. I need to go out now, its urgent. I have to

7. The good students always
8. My father wont

their homework.

the cleaning.

9. My husband never helps me

dinner.

10. The workers I hire always

a good job.

11. I always

a phone call.

the washing up myself.

12. The students dont like to

quizzes.

13. The menu was so good that it was difficult for us to

14. The soldiers are obliged to
15.

their beds every morning.

an effort to finish before lunch.

16. The doctor asked me to

17. I dont know how people
18. We have to

exercise.
money without hard work.

a decision quickly.

19. They wanted to

20. Can anybody

an offer to build the bridge.

a suggestion? I am completely in the dark.

21. If you want to buy that car, I am sure we can

22. Lets go out tonight and
23. I

the town.
a mess in the living room!

25. How much money does your father

26. I like

a deal.

an appointment to visit my doctor yesterday.

24. Jim, I told you not to

business with Jack.

28. Sue cooks but I

would

a choice.

the dishes.

the honors. 31. He

?
27. I usually
29. Lets

the cleaning on Saturday morning.

a date for the 15th. 30. Id be happy if you

everything by hand, hes amazing.

32. How much profit did your company

last year?

In gear 2

unit 4

mag

ADVERBS TRES TIPOS.

1, ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY. ALWAYS, NEVER, SELDOM, NEVER, SOMETIMES
BEFORE THE SUBJECT OR AFTER THE VERB TO BE.

always get up early in the morning

I am always at home after eight in the evening.
I

2. ADVERBS OF DEGREE: REALLY (REALMENTE), VERY (MUY), RATHER BASTANTE),

QUITE (BASTANTE)
Before the adjectives and adverbs they refer to.
She studied

really

hard.

3. ADVERBS OF MANNER, PLACE, TIME:

CAREFULLY, SLOWLY, fAST, QUICKLY, HAPPILY
(MANNER)
HERE, THERE, NEAR, FAR, INSIDE, OUTSIDE (PLACE)
NOW, TODAY, YESTERDAY, THEN, LATELY, ALL EVENING (TIME)
AT THE END OF THE SENTENCE.
She talks in class

slowly.

PHRASAL VERBS
SET OFF- START A JOURNEY- MARCHARSE A
CARRY OUT- DO, PERFORM, LLEVAR A CABO /REALIZAR
FIND OUT: DISCOVER. DESCUBRIR
POINT OUT- GIVE INFORMATION: STATE: ESTABLECER
LOOK UP FOR INFORMATION: SEARCH FOR INFORMATION: BUSCAR INFORMACIN
FIGURE OUT: LEARN SOMETHING NEW: APRENDER ALGO NUEVO SOBRE

In gear 2

unit 4

mag

WORD FORMATION: PREFIXES.

PREFIXES

EXAMPLE

ANTI
DIS

Against, in opposition
not

ANTIVIRUS
DISAGREE

EX

No longer, previous

EXWIFE

IL

not

ILLEGAL

IM

not

IMMORAL

IN

not

INTOLERANT

INTER

Two o more involved

INTERCONTINENTAL

IR

not

IRREGULAR

MICRO

Very small

MICROCOMPUTER

MIS

Badly, do incorrectly

MISUNDERSTANDIN

NON

not

NON SMOKING

OVER

Too great, too much

OVERWEIGHT

RE

Do again, repeat

REBUILD

UN

not

UNEMPLOYED

UNDER

Not enough, too low

UNDERCOOKED

In gear 2

unit 4

mag

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
TYPES
ZERO
Verdades
universales y
rdenes

1st type
Situaciones
posibles
2nd type
Situaciones
imaginarias,
improbables o
para dar
consejos
3rd type
Situaciones
imposibles y
arrepentimiento
s relacionado con
el pasado

If/as long as/even if/provided

that/unless
Verbo en presente simple

Verbo en presente simple

Verbo en imperative(come/not to
come)

If you water plants,

Even if you are there

They grow
Keep the secret.
If you water plants, they grow- si riegas las plants, crecen
Even if you are there, keep the secret. Incluso si ests all, mantn el sercreto.
Verbo en presente simple
Verbo will+vb infinitivo
Unless I stay at home, she wont come. A menos que yo est en casa, ella no
vendr.
Verbo en pasado simple
Verbo would/Could/should+ vb
infinitivo
If you were a famous actor, you would live in Hollywood.
They would travel around the world supposed they had too much money,
If I were you, I wouldnt stay alone.
Verbo en pasado perfecto
Verbo would/Could/should have pp
If I had had enough time, I would have revised my tires.
Unless they had stayed more time, they wouldnt have missed the last train.

Recuerda: el orden puede ser 1 la condicional, 2 la principal/ 1 la principal 2 la condicional sin

coma
If I had an opportunity, I would speak to her
I would speak to her if I had an opportunity.
Recuerda: la oracin condicional puede ir introducida por diferentes enlaces adems del IF.
AS LONG AS: mientras que, slo si (Only if)
Even if: incluso si (makes if stronger- le da al if ms fuerza)
Provided that : suponiendo que
Unless: si no (la oracin principal suele ir en negativa)= IF NOT

In gear 2

unit 4

mag

I WISH/ IF ONLY OJAL- Se utiliza para expresar nuestro deseo, arrepentimiento, queja ,
para ello tenemos que utilizar diferentes tiempos verbales como indicamos en la siguiente tabla.
Deseo que una situacin del presente cambie
I wish/if only+ Past simple/past continuous
To Express a wish in the present
I wish Timmy stays with us but he worked till late
Ojal Tim estuviese aqu pero trabaja hasta tarde.
Arrepentimiento de algo pasado
I wish/ if only+ past perfect
A regret in the past
If only she hadnt lost his ring
Ojal ella no hubiese perdido su anillo.
Queja sobre el comportamiento de alquien
I wish/if only+ would vb infinitive
To complain about somebody else
I wish he would not be so rude
Ojal no fuera tan grosero

WISH / IF ONLY
1. I wish he

here now. (to be)

2. If only you

here yesterday. (to be)

3. We wish you

tomorrow. (to come)

4. You will wish you

earlier yesterday. (to leave)

5. If only he

with them the next day. (to come)

6. We wish you

yesterday. (to arrive)

7. I wish that he

us next year. (to visit)

8. If only she

at home now. (to be)

9. You wish that he

you last week. (to help)

10. He will always wish he

1. We wished they
2. If only I

us earlier. (to call)

in Paris now. (to be)

3. I wish you

with us tomorrow. (to come)

4. The boy wished that he

5. If only she
6. I wish the weather
7. If only I
8. They wish he
9. They wished the sun
10. If only I

rich. (to be)

the match the next day. (to win)

the arrangements earlier. (to make)
warmer now. (to be)

fluent in English. (to be)

them next week. (to telephone)
this weekend. (to shine)
ready on time. (to be)