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2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions

Qn
1

Let Pn be the statement

cos 2r

sin 2n 1 sin
2sin

r 1

Remarks

for n

LHS cos 2r cos 2

When n = 1,

r 1

RHS

sin3 sin
2sin

2cos2 sin
cos2
2sin

P1 is true.

Assume that Pk true for some k , k 1 .


k

cos 2r
r 1

sin 2k 1 sin
2sin
k 1

For n = k +1, we want to prove

cos 2r
r 1

LHS

i.e.

k 1

r 1

r 1

sin 2k 3 sin
2sin

cos 2r cos 2r cos 2k 2

sin 2k 1 sin
cos 2k 2
2sin
sin 2k 1 sin 2 cos 2k 2 sin

2sin
sin 2k 1 sin sin 2k 3 sin 2k 1

2sin
sin 2k 3 sin

2sin

Pk is true Pk 1 is true

Since P1 is true and Pk is true Pk+1 is true, by the principle of Mathematical


Induction, Pn is true for all n +.


cos r cos 2r 2
r 1
r 1
n

sin 2n 1

2sin

sin

n
2 (1) 1
2

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2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions


Qn
2

Remarks

2x 1
, x 1
2x 2
y (2 x 2) 2 x 1
x(2 y 2) 2 y 1
2 y 1
x
2y 2

i) Let y =

Question asked for f -1 in a similar form so you have to


ensure that is the case.
Domain of f -1 = range of f.

2x 1
, x 1
2x 2
f(x) = f 1(x)
f 2(x) = x
f 1965 (0.5) = 0
f 1 : x

f 1965 (0.5) = f(0.5) = 0

y
(6,16)
1

y g ( x)

y=x

To show the relationship


between g & g-1 you need to
draw the line y = x and show
the reflection in the line.

(16, 6)
y g( x)

(0, 2)

(2, 0)

iv) For equation g 1g( x) gg 1 ( x) , 2 x 6 .

g1g( x) gg1 ( x) x, so the graphs of the y = g 1g( x) & y = g1g( x)


meet on y x for the intersection of Dg 1g & Dgg 1 .
Recall that Dg 1g = Dg = [0,16) & Dgg 1 Dg 1 [2,6).

Page 2 of 11

2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions


Qn
3(i)

Remarks
Im

D(2,4)

Both circles will


pass through the
origin.

B(3,1)
Re

O
A(2,-1)

Note that the


smaller circle will
pass through B.

C(4,-2)

(ii)

Since z1 2 i 5 and z1 3 i 10 , thus z1 4 2i satisfies the

equation z 2 i 5 and z 3 i 10 .

(iii)

Note that triangle OBC is a right angle triangle. Further B lies on the locus of
z 2 i 5 . Thus

2
1
1
area 5
2
4
5 5

2
2
5( 1)

(iv)

sin 1

10

5
5

Thus

and

1
2

10
2

.
2
2
Hence the required range is 2.03 arg( z 2 4i) 1.11 .

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Since B lies on the


smaller circle, the
required region is
made up of a semicircle and a
segment.

Since the locus is


below the reference
point, the argument
is obtained by
clockwise rotation.
Thus the arguments
must be negative.

2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions


Qn
4

Remarks
(i)

(ii)

Let y tan x .
Then
tan y x
Differentiate with respect to x,
dy
sec 2 y
1
dx
1 tan 2 y dd xy 1
dy
1

(shown)
d x 1 x2

The question requires you to


prove, i.e., cannot quote MF15.
Refer to lecture notes on proof for
other derivatives.

From graph,
area of shaded rectangle < area under curve for n 1 x n .
n
1
1
n

1
dx


2
2
1 n
n 1 1 x
n
1
tan 1 x
2
n 1
1 n
1
tan 1 n tan 1 n 1 (show)
2
1 n

(iii)

This is a show question


so you need to show
intermediate steps.

Comparing area of rectangles with area under curve for 0 x n ,


n
1
1
1
1
1
dx

2
2
2
2
2
11 1 2 1 3
1 n
0 1 x
You need to specify
n
1 1 1
1
1

x
tan

the domain in which


0
2 5 10
1 n2
you are considering.
1 1 1
1
1

tan n
2 5 10
1 n2
Alternative:
1
Since
tan 1 r tan 1 r 1 ,
1 r2
1 1 1
1

2 5 10
1 n2
n
1

2
r 1 1 r

tan 1 r tan 1 r 1
r 1

tan 1 1 tan 1 0
tan 1 2 tan 1 1

n tan 1 n 1
tan 1 n
tan

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2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions


Qn

Remarks

1
1 x 3

x 3

1
1
y

x3

1
1 (rejected) or x 3
y

x 3

1
1
y

Required volume

1
10

You need to show that there


are two possibilities and
show which on you reject.

x2 d y

Question asked for answer


2

1
correct to 3 d.p. so you
1 3
1 d y
SHOULD use GC to
y
10
evaluate!
2.5998
2.60 units3 or 0.828
Key points include
i) A random sample refers to the sample is obtained by selecting 50 students
(1) each of the 500
from 500 students in such a way that each of the 500 students will have an
students will have
equal chance of being selected. Each selection is independent.
an equal chance of
being selected.
(2) each selection is
independent.

1
2

1
1
y

1
2

ii) To obtain a sample of 50 students using stratified random sampling, we


will determine the sample size of the method of transport such that the sample
size of each method of travel is proportional to the size of each method of
travel in the school.

(1) Write out the


number of students
for each stratum
according to their
respective
proportion.
Car
Public transport
On foot
(2) Then conduct
Sample
30% of 50
50% of 50
20% of 50
simple random
Size
(=15 )
(= 25)
(= 10)
sampling for each
Then conduct simple random sampling from each method of travel. These stratum until a
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2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions


Qn

Remarks
simple random samples from the different method of travel groups are sample of 50
combined to form the overall stratified random sample of 50 students.
students is
obtained.

Let X be the weight of the chicken sold in the supermarket. X ~ N( , 2 )


P(X 1) 0.2
X 1
P

= 0.20


1

PZ
= 0.20

1
=-0.84162 -----(1)
Using GC,

X 1.8
P

= 0.15


1.8

1-P Z
= 0.15

1.8

P Z
= 0.85

1.8
=1.0364 ------(2)
Using GC,

Solving equation (1) and (2),


1.36 and =0.426

(i)

(ii)

The calls may not be independent as people may be calling in to lodge


a complaint on bad service rendered by the company.

Since n 60 50 and np 60 0.08 4.8 5 ,

C ~ Po 4.8 .
P C 6 1 P C 5 0.349 (3 s.f.)

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***Please state the


distribution which
is X ~ N( , 2 ) .
Note:
X
Z
when

performing
standardization.
You should use GC
to solve equations
(1) and (2) unless
the stated
otherwise.

You are expected to


give a reason and
not merely stating
events are not
independent. Also,
the probability is
derived from the
constant average
given in the
question, so
probability not
constant is implied
by events are not
independent.

2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions


Qn
(iii)

C ~ B 60, 0.08
4.416

Since n 80 is large, C ~ N 4.8,


approximately by Central
80

Limit Theorem.
Therefore, P C 5 0.197 (3 s.f.)

(i) required probability =

Remarks
Many students are
not able to identify
the key term
average mass
which calls for use
of CLT. Many
stated that Var(C) is
4.8 for this part
without defining a
new random
variable and merely
assuming C is now
Poisson distributed.
As given in part
(ii), C is given as
binomial distribute
and hence, by
CLT,
4.416

C ~ N 4.8,

80

45
9

140 28

(ii)
P(father born in Asia | mother born in UK)
Find the (conditional)
P(father born in Asia mother born in UK) probability that (given) a

student randomly selected


P(mother born in UK)
from those with mothers
8
born in the UK, has a
2
father born in Asia.
140
60 15
140
(iii)
P(parent born in either UK or Europe) 1 P(both parents born in Asia) Find the probability that
a student randomly
45 19
1

chosen from this group


140 28
have a parent born in
either UK or Europe.
OR
Compare with
Let A be the event at least one parent in UK
Let B be the event at least one parent in Europe
Reqd prob. = P( A)+P( B) P( A B )

80 38 23 19

140 140 140 28


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Find the probability that


a student randomly
chosen from this group
have exactly one parent
born in either UK or
Europe.

2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions


Qn
9(a)

Let be the mean of X. To test


H 0 : 455
H1 : 455
Level of Significance:

Remarks
Assumed mean is always indicated in
the hypotheses; NOT sample mean of
454.58g

100

Perform Z test
Calculation: p-value = 0.096875

Athough sample size is small, we still perform Z test


because the standard deviation of X (which is 0.8) is given
and so the population variance is known.

For sufficient evidence to reject H 0 , p value <

9(b)

100

. Thus

Working must be clearly shown especially when


0.096875
100
finding unknown parameters.
9.6875
Thus the least value of level of significance is 9.69%.
10
2
n
s 2 0.56921 0.360
s2
sample variance ;
9
n 1
H 0 : 455
Sample
2
variance standard deviation
std.
deviation
H1 : 455
Level of Significance: 0.05
Perform t test Standard deviation of X has been altered implies population variance becomes unknown

Method 1
Reject H 0 if p-value < 0.05
If x 455 ,
2-tailed test
2P X x 0.05

x 455

P T
0.025
s / 10

Since P (T 2.2622) 0.025 , thus


x 455
2.2622
s / 10
x 455.4292
If x 455 ,
2P X x 0.05

Method 2
Reject H 0 if Tcalc t0.025 (9) 2.2622

Use invT in GC.

Since H 0 is rejected,
x 455
2.2622
s / 10
x 455 2.2622

s
10

s
10
x 454.5707 or x 455.4292
or

x 455 2.2622

x 455

P T
0.025
s / 10

Since P (T 2.2622) 0.025 , thus


x 455
2.2622
s / 10
x 454.5707

For a 0,
f ( x) a

f ( x) a or f ( x) a

Note that sample mean x must be


positive. So we need to add a lower
bound for this range.

Thus the required set of values of x is (0, 454.57] [455.43, ) .

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2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions


Qn
10(i)

10(ii)

Remarks

The scatter diagram shows that S is decreasing at a decreasing rate as t


increase. Further, if a linear model is used, there will be a negative amount of
sleep after a certain age, which is impossible. Thus a linear model is
inappropriate.

10(iii) Since S is decreasing at a decreasing rate as t increase and approaching a

value, the proposed model may be appropriate.

10(iv) Using GC, a 7.51, b 14.8

10(v)

Since t =50 is out of the given data range, it will be inappropriate to use the
model due to extrapolation.

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2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions


Qn
11

Remarks

(i)

No of ways = 10 1000000

(ii)

No of possible 3 identical digits on the left = 10


No of possible 3 identical digits on the right and is different from the
left = 9
Need only 2 more digits
Total no of ways = 10 x 9 = 90
to make up the 6
different digits
6
No of possible ways in the other 2 digits = 15
2

(iii)

Total no of ways = 15 x 6! = 10800


Do not lose track. Qn asking for
left different from right

(iv) Case 1: LHS all 3 identical


No of ways = 10 x 9 x 9 x 9 = 7290

Case 2 : LHS 1pair identical


10 3!
No of ways = 2! 83 138240
2 2!
Case 3 : LHS all different
10
No of ways = 3! 73 246960
3
Total no of ways = 392490
12

(i)

Incidences of people joining the self-checkout queue occur randomly


and independently.
The average rate of people joining the self-checkout queue is constant
over the chosen time interval.
Many students just wrote rate of people
joining queue is constant when it
should be average rate.

(ii)

Let X be the number of people joining the self-checkout queue in 4


minutes. Then X ~ Po 6 .
P 5 J 10 P J 10 P J 5

P 5 J 10 P J 10 P J 4

0.672 (3 s.f.)

Page 10 of 11

was commonly seen

2015 NYJC JC2 Prelim Exam 9740/2 Solutions


Qn

Remarks
(iii)

Let J be the number of people joining the self-checkout queue in an


hour. Then J ~ Po 90 .
Since 90 10 , J ~ N 90,90 approximately.
c .c .
P 60 J 80
P 60.5 J 79.5 0.133 (3 s.f.)
c .c .
P 59.5 J 80.5 was common.
Wrong c.c P 60 J 80

Interpretation error P 60 J 80 was also commonly seen


(iv)

Let L be the number of people leaving the self-checkout queue in an


hour. Then L ~ Po 78 .
Since 78 10 , L ~ N 78, 78 approximately.
Assume that J and L are independent Poisson random variables. Then
Var J L Var J Var L 168
Hence J L ~ N 12,168 approximately.
c .c .
P J L 20
P J L 19.5 0.281 (3 s.f.)

Common conceptual error was subtracting Poisson random variables:


J L ~ Po 90 78
Note: Poisson r.v Poisson r.v is NOT a Poisson r.v.

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