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1|LINUS 2.

ENGLISH LITERACY LINUS PROGRAMME ( READING ) - 12 CONSTRUCTS

Construct 1 : Able to identify and distinguish letters of the alphabet.

Read the letters. Example

Construct 2 : Able to associate sounds with the letters of the alphabet.

Say the sounds. Example: /g/, //, /ck/, /r/

c
k

Construct 3 : Able to blend phonemes into recognizable words.

Sound the letters and say the words.


d
b
s

Dza/sktj/LINUS 2.0/2014

o
u
a

g
n
ck

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Construct 4 : Able to segment words into phenomes.


Read the words, examples :

1.

2.

at

Construct 5 : Able to understand and use the language at word level.


The ability to understand and use the language at word level.
Teachers shows the pictures and pupil points to the correct words.
1.
jug

mug

dig

cot

pot

dog

sock

kick

sack

2.

3.

Dza/sktj/LINUS 2.0/2014

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Construst 6 : Able to participate in daily conversations using appropriate phrases.

Ability to participate in daily conversations using appropriate phrases.


Teacher asks pupil to read and choose the correct responses.

1.

..
My name
is Sarah

2.

Hi Iam
Lim

Happy
Birthday

.
What is
your
name?

3.

..
Thank You

Hi, I am
Rani.

Dza/sktj/LINUS 2.0/2014

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Construct 7 : Able to understand and use the language at phrase level in linear texts.

The ability to understand and use the language at phrase level in linear texts.
Pupil reads the phrases and points to the correct pictures.
1.

Two big cats

Construct 8 : Able to understand and use the language at phrase level in non-linear texts.
The ability to understand and use the language at phrase level in non-linear texts.
Teacher asks the following questions:

1.

Where is the bird?

2. Where is the clock?


3. What is Minah doing?
4. What is on the table?

Dza/sktj/LINUS 2.0/2014

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Construct 9 : Able to read and understand sentences.

The ability to read aloud sentences with guidance.

Amin is hungry. He looks for food.


He sees an apple. He is happy.

Construct 10 : Able to understand and use the language at sentence level in non-linear
texts.

The ability to read sentences and point to the correct pictures that describes them
correctly.
Teacher asks the pupil to read each sentence aloud and then point to the correct picture.
My sister takes the bus.
Amir cycles to school.
Kumar rides in the car.
My brother walks home

Construct 11 : Able to understand and use the language at paragraph level in linear texts.
Dza/sktj/LINUS 2.0/2014

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The ability to read and understand sentences in a paragraph.

This is Kamal.

Teacher asks these questions:

He is seven years old.

1. Who is he?

He walks to school.

2. How old is he?

He likes to play chess.

3. Does he walk to school?

Construct 12 : Able to construct sentences with guidance.


The ability to string words given into sentences and read them aloud.

The bell
The pencil
The eraser

Dza/sktj/LINUS 2.0/2014

is

in the tin
under the chair
on the desk

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