Professional Documents
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System
By
Susobhan Patra
5/8/2014
Excitation System
General Conception
Different Types of Excitation systems
Operational characteristics
Case studies- sharing ideas
Ef
j XsI t
Xs Iacos
Vt
Ia
Phasor diagram
Xs Iasin
Generator
When a closed coil is rotated rapidly in a strong magnetic field, the number of
magnetic flux lines passing through the coil changes continuously. Hence, an emf is
induced in the coil and a current flows in it in a direction given by FRH Rule
Motor
When a current is passed through a coil placed in a magnetic field, the coil
experiences a torque in a direction given by FLH Rule. The torque gives a
continuous rotary motion to the coil in the magnetic field.
If
Synchronous
Machine
Excitation
System
Controller
Ug
Specification
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(TGS)
ALTERNATOR
OUTPUT
PILOT
EXCITE
R
ALTERNATOR
FIELD
MAIN
EXCITE
R FIELD
PILOT EXCITER
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MAIN EXCITER
3-Ph
ALTERNATOR
From
Pulse from
Auto
channel
control
AUTI
Channel
Thyristor
bridge
PMG
MANUAL
Channel
Thyristor
bridge
Pulse from
Manual
channel
control
Field Breaker
Gen
Gen. Rotor
Main Exciter
Main Exciter
Rotating Diode Bridge
PMG
Case studies:
Failure of PMG
Failure of fuse
Failure of Magnet
Rise in PMG Temp
GENERATOR
EXCITER
AUXILIARY SLIPRINGS
..
Y
B
..
.
.
..
.
.
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
500/5A
C.T.
5/1 A
C.T.
J1 J2
A AXCITER/ GEN. FIELD
V31 CURRENT AMMETER
X XX 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
A.V.R. CUBICLE
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Slip Ring
for rotor
voltage
FB &
protection
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Rotating
Rectifier
Main
Exciter
Armature
PMG
Main Exciter
Maxm continuous rating
207 KW
Rated terminal voltage (at
225 VDC
Rectifier DC terminals)
Rated current (at rectifier
920 ADC
DC terminal
Frequency
150 Hz
Rated speed
3000 rpm
No of phases
3
No of poles
6
Rotating Rectifier
Diodes (Positive) type
IR GB 490 / U
Diodes (Negative) type
IR GB 491 / UR
No of rings
2
No. of + ve diodes per ring
9
No. of - ve diodes per ring
9
Peak inverse voltage of diodes 2200 V repetitive peak volts
Connections
Full wave, 3 arm bridge with 3 parallel paths per arm
Fuse type
EE GSA 250
No of fuses
18
Fuse current rating 250 A rms
Fuse voltage rating 240 A rms
Neon indicators
18 (one per parallel path)
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PILOT EXCITER
MAIN EXCITER
SOLID
SHAFT
PERMANENT
MAGNET FIELD
ON ROTOR,
ARMATURE ON
STATOR
ROTATING RECIFIER
HOLLOW
SHAFT
ARMATURE ON
ROTOR, FIELD
WINDING ON
STATOR
SILICON
DIODE
BRIDGE ON
SHAFT
3-Ph (3-ph 150 Hz at
TGS)
3-ph power
(1-Ph 200Hz at
TGS)
Alternator terminal
Controlled dc
to field on
stator
THYRISTOR
CONTORLLED
BRIDGE
C.T
AVR
REGULATOR
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Alternator field
P.T
Rotating
Rectifier Ring
-VE
Carbon Brush
on slip rings for
measurement of
Rotor Voltage
& protection
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Rotating
Rectifier Ring
+VE
Terminal block
FUSE
AUX. SLIP RING
1P
B2
1N
3P
C2
2N
4P
A2
3N
5P
B2
4N
6P
C2
5N
7P
A2
6N
8P
B2
7N
9P
C2
8N
ROTOR WINDING
A2
2P
9N
1P, 2P, 3P, 4P.9P : DIODE & FUSE ASSEMBLY ON POSITIVE RING
1N, 2N, 3N, 4N..9P : DIODE & FUSE ASSEMBLY ON NEGATIVE RING
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Lamp
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Diode
Fuse
Brushless Excitation
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AUTO Mode
It is built as a voltage regulator and is ON during normal
operation & the reference point is set through manual switch
Various limiters and corrective control circuits are used for
stable operation up to operating limits.
In case of any malfunction the AVR will change over to manual
mode
MANUAL Mode:
It is built as a simple field current regulator
It serves as a back up channel in case of failure of the AUTO
channel.
Operations in this channel require expert adjustment and
continuous monitoring of the parameters as there is no
automatic limiter action.
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Power INterface
UNITROL 6080 Hardware Devices (D1..D4)
PIN608
0
CCM6080
PIN608
0
CCM6080
PIN608
0
CCM6080
Communication
Control
Measuring
Combined IO
CCM6080
CCM6080
CCM 6080
PIN 6080
X12
X12
X113
X113
X14
X14
X12
PIN 51
X12
X13
X13
CCM 6080
X113
DCS800 Box
D1D4
AO
D5
GDI
X113
CCM6080
UG
IG
Optical Links
Ethernet
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Band
pass
filter
Rotating rectifier
Diode failure
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UG set point
UG max setpoint
UG nominal
UG min set point
Allowed range of operation
f nominal
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The DVR regulates the voltage of the synchronous machine by direct control of the
rotor current using thyristor converter.
Redundancy in the regulator section is ensured by means of two fully separate
channels with independent measuring inputs, control and monitoring
SEE
5/8/2014
Regulation
Field Flushing
Softstart
Field flashing off
U>70%
Field flashing characteristic
Usyn
AVR
Ug
U>70%
Generator
Thyristor
bridge
Sequence:
5s
10s
Field flashing OFF Field flashing failed
FCB Trip
Auxiliary
Sources
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SEE
Damaged holder
CB-32x32x64
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E.T.
THYRISTOR
BRIDGE
3 CHANNELS
PT
Pulse Trafo
AVR
Pulse Trafo
Pulse Trafo
CT
BACK
Q1
G
ROTOR
Q2
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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR STATIC EXCITATION SYSTEM
5/8/2014
Q&A