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LAB #2
24 th March, 2015
Method:
IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGY 411
Lecturer: Ms. M. Carrillo
Page 1
IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGY 411
Lorraine Thompson 00025062
LAB #2
24 th March, 2015
1. Labelled test tubes to perform ABO type test and Rh test for 3 Patients EDTA
samples
2. Prepared a washed, 2-5% suspension of patient cells, performed an ABO type and
Rh type
3. Recorded the ABO, D and DC results. If the Rh test is negative, continue with step 4
.
4. Incubated the D and DC tubes at 37oC for 15 minutes.
5. Centrifuged both test tubes and read for agglutination. If the Rh test is negative,
continue with step 6.
6. Washed both tubes once with saline and decant the supernatant completely and
blot the rims of test tube dry to make a dry cell button.
7. Added two drops of Anti-IgG to the dry cell buttons mix gently and centrifuge.
8. Re-suspended gently and examine each cell button for agglutination.
9. Recorded results in the appropriate column on the worksheet
10.
Confirmed all negative results by adding one drop Check cells to all tubes
showing no agglutination and centrifuge 15 seconds.
11.
Gently re-suspended and examine the cell buttons for agglutination.
Agglutination should be present in this step or the test is invalid.
12.
Results:
Patient sample
Patient sample
Patient sample
Weak D:
Patient sample
Patient sample
Patient sample
background
Discussion:
A negative result in the immediate spin phase and no agglutination in the D tube
following incubation indicate a negative test for weak D. No agglutination was present in
the DC tube. Lack of agglutination is a negative test and the patient is considered truly D
negative. Agglutination in the DC tube invalidates the test. Check cells were added to
confirm all the negative results and agglutination occurred. When adding Check cells if
no agglutination is present at this stage of the procedure, the test is invalid and the
antiglobulin phase must be repeated. In the results obtain there is a possible source of
IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGY 411
Lecturer: Ms. M. Carrillo
Page 2
IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGY 411
Lorraine Thompson 00025062
LAB #2
24 th March, 2015
error that may have occurred due to the cells being washed only once and not 3 times.
This is a potential source of interference in the final result due to this.
Conclusion: The objective was not achieved as the weak D expression was not present.
The results after incubation was graded 0 as no reaction was observed from Patient
sample #3 with an A Rh negative blood type. When Anti-IgG was added no reaction was
observed and this was graded as 0. Addition of the Check cells produced a 1+
Agglutinate. I was expecting a 2+ Agglutinate result but I believe this occurred due to
the fact that the sample was only washed once. A true weak D should give at least a 2+
positive result. Weaker results may be due to mixed field agglutination in an Rh negative
individual who received Rh positive blood, or vice-versa. It was learnt that check cells
are used to verify negative results and the sample was truly Rh negative with no D
antigen present.
Reference:
Weak D Testing. (n.d.). Retrieved March 26, 2015.
Blood Bank. (n.d.). Retrieved March 26, 2015.
IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGY 411
Lecturer: Ms. M. Carrillo
Page 3