MAINSTREAMING DRR AND CCA ACROSS

SECTORS AND ACTORS

Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief, Bangladesh

Mohammad Abdul Qayyum

(Additional Secretary)
National Project Director, CDMP II
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief

RISK ASSESSMENT

AGRICULTURAL ADAPTATION

CAPACITY BUILDING

PREPAREDNESS

February, 2015

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

BANGLADESH CONTEXT
First rank climate change vulnerable nations.
Fifth rank in the world risk index 2012

DROUGHT - Affecting 8.3 million Ha of

land.
FLASH FLOOD Unpredictable, recurring,
uncertain.
FLOOD - Inundates more areas, increases
river erosion, breaches embankments,
damage infrastructures.
SALINITY INTRUSION - Spreading from 1.5
to 2.5 Mha (2007).
CYCLONE - Remain to be the deadliest
and most destructive hazard. It is
recurring, with lingering aftermath,
complex recovery.

Number
of people
exposed
yearly

45 Million
20 Million

5 Million

AND CLIMATE CHANGE HAZARDS, EARTHQUAKES,

FIRE BREAKOUT, INFRASTRUCTURE COLLAPSE ETC.
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

Bangladesh incurred an average annual loss equal to 1.8% of GDP due to natural
disasters in the past two decades (source: Sixth Five-Year Plan)

BANGLADESH CONTEXT
Bangladesh is among the most resilient least developing countries, and will
continue to be exposed to disaster risks
The climate change exacerbates the disaster impacts
The vulnerability remains high despite the community-based risk reduction
programmes
Issues
Centralised development planning paradigm
Standing Orders on Disaster (SOD), with clear roles and mandates
DRR & CCA as new, peripheral, and crosscutting items
Solution
To ensure that DRR & CCA are in agreement
To ensure that sectors are receptive to DRR & CCA
Deploy CDMP pilot projects to stimulate sectoral integration
Use Top-down and bottom up approach
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

MAINSTREAMING: BD PERSPECTIVES
Mainstreaming is an integration of DRR into development for
ensuring that development is protected from disasters ensuring
that development does not increase vulnerability
Mainstreaming DRR&CCA to the extent possible the two must
be in convergence

Objectives
to Promote understanding of disaster-development linkages
to Reduce underlying risk factors and vulnerability
to Emphasize an all hazards and all sectors approach
to Achieve sustainable development
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING
APPROACH

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

STRATEGY
Expert inputs
to the public policies
Draft DM Act
Draft national DM Policies
Technical Guidelines

Incorporating DRR in Dev.

Planning System
At the planning commission
At the department planning
At the local planning cycles

Policy Coordination
At the cabinet, committees and task Forces
CDMP Pilot Projects
Implementation with Line Ministries/Departments
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

MAINSTREAMING: BD PERSPECTIVES
Mainstreaming is an integration of DRR into development for
ensuring that development is protected from disasters ensuring
that development does not increase vulnerability
Mainstreaming DRR&CCA to the extent possible the two must
be in convergence

Objectives
to Promote understanding of disaster-development linkages
to Reduce underlying risk factors and vulnerability
to Emphasize an all hazards and all sectors approach
to Achieve sustainable development
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING PARTNERS

1.
2.
3.
4.

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

DMB, DoRR and CPP

Ministry of Planning
NCTB, Ministry of Education
DPHE, Ministry of Local
Government, Rural Development
& Cooperatives
DAE, Ministry of Agriculture
DoF and DLS, Ministry of Fisheries
and Livestock
DoE, Ministry of Environment and
Forests
FS&CD, Ministry of Home Affairs
BMD, Ministry of Defence,

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

10. Ministry of Land

11. DWA, Ministry of Women and
Children Affairs
12. DGHS, Ministry of Health and
Family Welfare
13. FFWC, Ministry of Water
Resources
14. GSB, Ministry of power Energy and
Mineral resources
15. Institutes and Universities
outlined in National Disaster
Management Education Research
and Training Networks

Creation of enabling policy environment

and institutional capacity
Assessing sectoral risks and vulnerabilities and develop sectoral risk
reduction plan
Undertaking sectoral action
research to identify best practices

Building institutional
capacity

Promoting best practice options through field demonstrations

Adoption of new risk-informed sectoral programme
Changes in sectoral institution and procedures
Institutionalisation through sectoral policy and regulations

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

BOTTOM-UP From practices to institution and policies

TOP-DOWN From policy to Programme implementation

PILOT PROJECT FLOW

SECTORAL MAINSTREAMING MODALITY

Ministries/departments as implementing partners
Collaborative agreements through MOUs or LoA
Be governed by Tec. Advisory Group, periodical coordination
meeting, regular review
Purpose
o To develop basic capacities to initiate changes
o To initiate sectoral policies and good practices
o To promote catalytic/innovative pilot activities
o To trigger downward effects to their local offices

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

PILOT PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

Assessment of current and potential risk
Identification of reduction, adaptation & mitigation activities
Support implementation of activities
Persuasion and advocacy to incorporate in dev. process
Deployment of Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund (LDRRF)

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

SAMPLES OF DRR SECTORAL

MAINSTREAMING

Source:
http://www.irinnews.org/report/99488/bangladeshteaches-disaster-preparedness-to-reduce-risk

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

DRR & CC IN EDUCATION

The CDMP Approach
Actions to the adoption of academic programs/educational process
Follow an all hazards approach
Consider academic program revision of all educational, research areas
Elementary
level
Grade 3-8

Curriculum Development (Text book) & Extra curricular activities, through

National Curriculum and Text book Board and Ministry of Primary and Mass
Education, Primary Training Institute, DPE

Secondary
level
Grade 9-12

Curriculum Development (Text book) & Extra curricular activities, through

National Curriculum and Text book board and Ministry of Education, Teachers
Training colleges and National University, EED, Secondary and Higher
Secondary Boards, Technical Education Department

Tertiary level

Revision and inclusion of DRR and CC in the existing curricula/courses

Introduction of Under-graduate and Masters on DM
E-learning Centre, Reference books and reading materials
Diploma, Certificate, Masters and PhD thesis on DM

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

DRR & CC IN AGRICULTURE

The CDMP Approach
Provision of
Funding

Capacity
Building
Strengthen
Farmers
Institution

Strengthened technical capacity of DAE for effective assessment and

management of climate change risks
Strengthen ICT centre at DAE HQs and the control room of DAE and linked
with its allied institutes
Strengthen Farmers/Climate Field Schools at grass roots level

Implementation of best practices on disaster and agriculture risk

through DAE projects and advocacy at national and local level on
disaster and climate risks in agriculture sector

Adaptation Continue and expand best practices to cover diverse hazard and risk
Test/Trial of conditions
Resilient Crop
Varieties
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

DRR & CC IN WOMEN DEVELOPMENT

The CDMP Approach
Provision of
Funding

Capacity
Building
DRR
integrated
Programs

Risk Reduction Action Plan Produced for the Department of Women

Development. For the medium term, the plan envisages a 5-year
programme (2013-2018) to build the capacity and resilience of the DWA
and its beneficiaries to meet the challenges posed by different disasters.
The programme is structured around four pillars viz, institutionalisation,
knowledge management and capacity building, increasing resilience,
advocacy and awareness building.
DRR is integrated in the programmes and activities of the Department of
Women Development
- It has prepared a Gender Toolkit for disaster issues to incorporate gender
sensitivity in its policies, projects, programmes and documents. Some IEC
materials i.e. posters and leaflets have been developed as well to raise
awareness on the need for gender sensitivity in disaster response.

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

DRR & CC IN METEOROLOGY

The CDMP Approach
Location and
time specific
forecasts
Forecast
Products
Available
Database for
Climate Data

Enhanced
Staff Capacity

The dynamic BMDs Website (www.bmd.gov.bd), redesigned and upgraded

under CDMP, provides people with all types of weather information along
with a weather bulletin and seven days weather forecast.
Weather information from the BMD can now be accessed from any cell
phone by dialling the number 10941
The process of information sharing from the observatories has been entirely
digitized. As a result, weather information can be accessed anywhere in the
country and around the world from the BMD website. High speed
bandwidth is allowing information to be sent quickly to the media and the
ministry.
Previously, all data were collected and entered manually. Now, using the
climate database management system, data generated from the
observatories are archived automatically and can be easily accessed for any
year, date and area.

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

DRR & CC IN FIRE FIGHTING

The CDMP Approach
Better
Prepared
Urban
Volunteers
Equipped Fire
Service
Workers
Enhanced
Search and
Rescue
Operation

The volunteers are capable of providing valuable assistance during fire

hazards, floods and other major disasters. The initiative to train women
volunteers is significant particularly because women do not traditionally
participate in disaster relief activities, which can be a problem especially when
providing assistance to female victims.
People from different walks of life show interest and are brought under the
training programme. The volunteers, although mostly high school students,
also include doctors, engineers and high level government officers. In some
cases, entire families step up to take part in the programme inspired or
influenced by some event.
They volunteers are taking on a leading role in community response to
disasters. They proved their value in the search and rescue operations during
the Rana Plaza collapsed in April, 2013. As many as 920 volunteers worked
shifts for 19 days. At the time of the collapse, 3,122 workers were estimated to
be inside the building risking their own lives to save others.

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

DRR & CC IN ENVIRONMENT

The CDMP Approach
Capacity
Enhanced in
Negotiation

Enhanced
Project
Screening
Capacity

Climate Data
Base Updated

The operation of Cell has indirectly caused incorporation of the climate change
issue in the amended National Environment Policy, 2013. The policy will help to
enforce integration of adaptation and mitigation issues into all development
projects to tackle the adverse impacts of climate change across the country.
Everyday researchers, practitioners, academia, NGO professionals and others
visit the Cell for information and knowledge documents.
In pursuit of climate change advocacy and diplomacy initiatives both at home
and abroad, two documentaries have been produced by the Cell. The
documentaries, one on the impacts of climate change and the other on
tracking climate-induced displaced people, serve as supportive doc. to prove
Bangladeshs vulnerabilities to cc.
Data and information services are accessed by stakeholders and organisations
from the web-enabled database on climate change, which is the first of its kind
in the country developed by the Cell. The database facilitates research and
necessary and relevant policy and programme development.

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

DRR & CC IN HEALTH & SANITATION

The CDMP Approach
Enhanced Post National Health Crisis Management and Archive Centre for disaster records and
early warning is now operational. Through this centre, the DGHS maintains,
earthquake
collects and analyses data from all sources such as local health authorities, the
Health Service
National
Health Crisis
Management
Upazila/
Local
HealthSanitation
Facilities

BMD, and different government and non-government sources. The DGHS also
updates its Emergency Management Databank using information from that centre.
Two disaster related guidelines have been developed a health related
comprehensive post-earthquake action plan/guideline for urban cities (developed
in accordance with the National Strategy on Disaster Management), which
provides an action plan on response and short-term recovery operations related
to earthquakes. A non-structural vulnerability assessment and guideline has also
been developed for hospitals at central, district and upazila levels.
Rainwater harvesting units installed at household and community levels are
benefiting the people of those areas where deep tube wells cannot be installed
due to lowering of the water table. The rainwater harvesting units ensure safe
drinking water for the community round the year.

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

DM TRAINING AND EDUCATION

The Achievements

Identified 41 institutions as potential partners

MOUs with 16 universities and 8 training institutes
E-learning Centres with 10 institutions
DRR and CCA reference materials to 24 institutions
Various DRR and CCA programme offerings and events:
4-years Bachelor degree on DM by 2 public universities PSTU and BRUR)
1-year Masters degree programme by 2 dept. of Dhaka University, 1 private
university (BRAC University)
Disaster and Human Security Management Master degree programme in
2012 by Bangladesh University of Professional (BUP)
156 Farmers/Climate Field School Established in 52 Upazilas/26 Districts
ICT Center at DAE Head Quarters Operation and share climate forecast
information, data across district and upazilas
More than 1000 farmers and 300 officers have been oriented with DRR & CCA

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

MAINSTREAMING DRR&CCA
Overall Achievements
Achieved strong commitments Comprehensive Disaster
Management is considered as one of the 6 pillars of the
BCCSAP, SFYP
DRR&CCA issues considered/being incorporated in the

sectoral policies and guidelines (Health, Education,

Women, Environment, Agriculture.)
DRR&CCA sensitive DPP Format
Integrated urban planning Mymensingh Detailed Area

Plan
Mainstreaming DRR&CCA in local level planning through

introduction of CRA and RRAP

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

LESSONS LEARNED
DRR&CCA an emerging concept

Mainstreaming DRR&CCA requires conceptual clarity

Inadequate knowledge and information on the

differential impacts of disasters and climate change

Institutionalizing DRR & CCA concept within the business

plan of action of all actors and sectors requires

substantive push and the policy directions from the top
as well as building horizontal linkages among different
players.
Constant persuasion is required to keep them on board.

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

CDMP IN BRIEF

CDMP is a collaborative initiative of the GoB and Development

Partners
CDMP is the strategic arm of DMRD,MoFDM to achieve the GoB
Vision and Mission on Disaster Management
CDMP follows and first introduced the all hazard, all risk, all
sectors and all stakeholder approach in disaster management
CDMP was formulated in 2000 and launched in 2004 long before
the World Conference on Disaster Reduction held in January 2005
at Kobe, Japan
CDMP I (2004-2009), CDMP II (2010-14)
CDMP is a platform for different actors for bridging the gaps
CDMP is a window of opportunities for Development Partners to
support and contribute in achieving the GOB vision on DM

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

OUTCOME AREAS
DELIVERY
MECHANISMS

Professionalising
DM System

Rural Risk
Reduction

MODMR
DDM
PARTNER
DEPTS / MINS

DMCs

Community level
Climate Change
Adaptation

Urban Risk
Reduction

LOC. ADMINS

MSU
UNDP

UNIVERSITIES
TRG INSTS.

Mainstreaming
DRR and CCA

Preparedness
and Response

NGOS
CIVIL SOCIETY

PRIVATE SECTORS

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

For more information contact:

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Disaster Management & Relief Bhaban (6th Floor)
92-93 Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh, Tel: (+88 02) 989 0937, 882 1255
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR)

Website: www.cdmp.org.bd

Photo: Otin Dewan/CDMP

Thank You All