Presentation On Community Based Disaster Management

SESSION 1
PRESENTATION ON CBDM/CBDRM
Mohammad Abdul Qayyum

National Project Director, CDMP II &
Additional Secretary, MoDMR, Bangladesh
Email: abdul.qayyum@cdmp.org.bd
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief (MoDMR), Bangladesh
September 25, 2014
CONTENTS
CONTENT
SLIDE #
BACKGROUND HISTORY OF CBDM
03
HISTORICAL LEGACY OF CBDM IN BANGLADESH
04-05
CONTRIBUTING FACTORS
06
DISASTER MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES
07
COMMON HAZARDS AND DISASTERS
08
EVOLUTION OF CBDM ORGANIZED INITIATIVES IN BANGLADESH
09
EXAMPLES OF BEST PRACTICES
10
COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER MANAGEMENT
11
EXAMPLE 01/ CDMP MODEL /BOTTOM UP APPROACH (CRA)
12
CDMP MODELS AND ACHIEVEMENTS
13-15
EXAMPLE 02/ URBAN VOLUNTEERS
16-17
EXAMPLE 03/ CYCLONE PREPAREDNESS PROGRAMME
18-24
COMPONENTS OF CBDM IN BANGLADESH
25
COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER MANAGEMENT APPROACH: OPPORTUNITY
26
LINK WITH POLICY AND PLANS
27
CHALLENGES
28

BACKGROUND HISTORY OF CBDM

The Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake of 1995 hit the city of Kobe
and other parts of Hyogo prefecture in Japan causing 6,434 lives
and properties.
Statistic shows that 85% of the people were either self-evacuated
or were rescued by their neighbors.
This indicated the importance of the local community immediately
after the disaster.
Therefore, United Nations Centre for Regional Development(UNCRD) promotes Community Based Disaster Management
(CBDM) as one of the key lessons learnt from the Hanshin Awaji
Great Earthquake

HISTORICAL LEGACY OF CBDM

Community based Life in Bangladesh (Urban and Rural)
Panchayet in rural area is the ancient institution to provide community
initiatives; and
Mohalla (Headed by a Sarder) to provide initiatives in the Urban
community.
In which the decision making was in a consultative way
Commonalities among the Bangladeshi people
Language
Religious
Culture
Food and Dress, and the
Hazardous events

HISTORICAL LEGACY OF CBDM

Social cohesiveness
* the pillar of resilience and Disaster Management
* relation with each other/ help each other
* joint family
Social capital
Common water supply system-(Reserve Tanks only for Drinking water),
Joint tree plantation-Banyan trees and other similar species which grow
bigger are planted by the roadside. Serves both as shelter during drought
season and work as wind breaker during storm.
Social association (club, cultural and social organization, sports etc.)
Festival-participation irrespective of religion and social status,
Property donation/ charity (waqf, property of Gods for social benefit)
Health-(Dispensary), Education (Moktab)

CONTRIBUTING FACTORS
Role of NGOs
* Group Formation
* Microcredit
* Awareness
* Rights based approach
* Access to public resources
* Women empowerment
-Access to education,
-Access to resources,
-Access to decision making
Local Government system,
Committee system-Disaster Management Committees down to Union level,
with the members from both elected and non-elected community people.
DM COMMITTEES
National Disaster Management
Council (NDMC)
Inter Ministerial Disaster Management

Coordination Committee (IMDMCC)
Ministry of Disaster Management and

Relief (MoDMR)
National Platform for Disaster

Risk Reduction (NPDRR)
Department of Disaster
Management (DDM)
CPP Implementation Board

(CPPIB)
District DM Committee (DDMC)
Municipal DM Committee
(MDMC)
Zone/Upazila
National Disaster Management

Advisory Committee (NDMAC)
Earthquake Preparedness and

Awareness
City Corporation DM
Committee (CCDMC)
Upazila DM Committee
(UzDMC)
CSDDWS
FPOCG
NGOCC
Union

Union DM Committee (UzDMC)
DMTATF
COMMON HAZARDS AND DISASTERS

Hazard is localized and common to all in the community
Safety for all,
Voluntarism
Example:
-Watching round the clock (Asta Prohory) and keeping people alert,
-Small water management structures/dikes to save crops,
-Village fund for any emergency
-Garbage management in urban areas
-Community Policing

EVOLUTION OF CBDM INITIATIVES

1980s-1990s
CARE brought the idea of PRA in late 1980s
PRA was accepted by leading INGOs & NGOs
Oxfam introduced CBDM in 1990s based on PRA
GoB included CBDM in the SOD and draft Policy
2000s
CBDM is acknowledged in the HFA with the notion of DRR
GoB adopted CBDRR as one of the key strategies
CDMP formed to implement and promote CBDRR
IFRC started CBDM in the name of Vulnerability Capacity Assessment
(VCA)
ActionAid Bangladesh started CBDM in the name of Participatory
Vulnerability Analysis (PVA)
EXAMPLES OF BEST PRACTICES

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)Promotes bottom up approach
Urban Volunteers -Promotes volunteerism in Urban areas
Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP)- Promotes
volunteerism in rural areas

COMMUNITY BASED DM
Risk
assessment
CRA
FTRA
RRAP

Risk
Reduction
Interventions
Preparedness
and
mitigation
Response
Recovery/reh
abilitation
CBDM PROCESS
Identifying, prioritizing, and selecting
the most vulnerable community
LDRRF
Rapport Building and social capital
Technical Committee
Community Risk Assessment

Approval Committee
Risk Reduction Action Planning
with local government and CBOs
Coordination, resource mobilization
Community managed implementation
Technical support and

oversight
CDMP MODELS AND ACIEVEMENTS

CDMP Model: Example: Community Risk Assessment a bottom up approach.

CDMP MODELS AND ACIEVEMENTS

Example of CDMP Model
Identified DRR interventions through CRA are implemented by the

Project Implementation Committee (A committee of the local community) and
Supervised by UDMC/Municipalities.

Example-02
URBAN VOLUNTEERS
Due to climate change and unplanned urbanization both natural and human induced hazards
become frequent.
Based on the CPP experience Government of Bangladesh decided to form Urban Volunteers
from 2010.
A total target of 60,000 volunteers will be selected and trained.
Their contribution as rescuer during Rana Plaza tragedy was commendable
Out of 60,000 CDMP will recruit 30,000 and provide training through FSCD; out of which
26,465 are already recruited, trained and provided with necessary rescue tools.

URBAN VOLUNTEERS
The Urban Volunteers are ward based

They are 200 volunteers are in each ward
They receive 03 days basic training on
i) Search & Rescue
ii) First Aid and
iii) Fire safety
Facilitated by Bangladesh Fire Services and Civil Defense

Example 03: CPP

Present Structure of CPP-: Officers & Staffs : 203, Total Volunteer : 49500,
Male :33000, Female :16500, Unit : 3300, Union : 321, Upazila : 37, Zone : 07
CPP Head
Office
Dhaka
Zonal office, District level , No-07
Upazila Office, Upazila Level, No-37

Union Office, Union Level, No-321
Unit3300
Village / Ward
2-sq.-km,
2-3
Thousand
People
Unit Committee-15
Warning
Group-3
Warning Volunteer (M)

Addi. Warning Volunteer (M)
Addi. Warning Volunteer (F)
Shelter
Group-3
Rescue Volunteer (M)

Addi. Rescue Volunteer (M)
Addi. Rescue Volunteer (F)
Shelter Volunteer (M)

Addi. Shelter Volunteer (M)
Addi. Shelter Volunteer (F)

Rescue
Group-3
First aid
Group-3
Relief
Group-3
Relief Volunteer (M)

Addi. Relief Volunteer (M)
Addi. Relief Volunteer (F)
First aid Volunteer (M)

Addi. First aid Volunteer (M)
Addi. First aid Volunteer (F)
History of Cyclone Preparedness Program(CPP)
Established after the severe cyclone in 1970 by the

then League of Red Cross & Red Crescent Society With
the request of UN general assembly.
League of Red Cross & Red Crescent Society handed over
CPP to the Government of Bangladesh in 1973.
Now run by Government of Bangladesh and Red
Crescent Society

Signal Dissemination
1. Information from Metrological Dept. to National Level and various Agencies,
especially to MoDMR and CPP
SWC
CPP
(MET. DEPT.)
HQ
UPAZILA
UNION
UNIT
COMMUNITY
B
C
C
D
A
B
C
D

B
C
D
A
B
C
C
D
C
D
B
C
A
B
C
D
C
D
V.H.F
TEL
LV.
B
C
D
DIRECT
CONTACT
C
D
T. RADIO
MEGAPHONE
SIREN
P.A. SYSTEM
Activities from depression form
Signal No 1 to 3
A. Man to man ( Oral)
B. Hoisting 1 Signal Flag

SIGNAL NO
1-3
Activities from depression form.
Signal No 4 to 7
A. Published by Mike, Megaphone
B. Hoisting 2 Signal Flags

SIGNAL NO
4-7
CPP VOLUNTEERS ARE IN ACTION

Community are in action after
receive the early warning

CPP UNITS, TYPES OF RESPONSIBILITIES & NUMBER OF

VOULNTEERS
.
CPP volunteers form a unit with 15 members

They have different responsibilities
* Search and Rescue
* First Aid
* Relief
They receive 03 days basic training and refresher
training per year

COMPONENTS OF CBDM IN BANGLADESH

The most common elements of community involvement are partnership,
participation,
empowerment
ownership by the local people,
Management by local people,
Public sectors support.

Community Based Disaster Management

Approach: Opportunity
CBDM approach provides opportunities for the local

to evaluate their own situation based on their own experiences.
local community not only becomes part of creating plans and
decisions but also becomes a major player in its implementation.
CBDM does not ignore the importance of scientific and risk
assessment and planning.

Link with Policy and Plans

DM Act 2012 recognizes peoples rights to protection , and the states
institutions and officials as the duty / responsibility bearer

Standing Order on Disasters (SOD) and National Plan on Disaster Management
(NPDM) stipulate CBDM (CRA/RRAPs) to be the basis for local DM planning
Sixth National 5-Year Development Plan includes DRR & CCA with recognition of
CBDM
CBDM (CRA/RRAP) Guidebook is going to be merged with local level risk
reduction planning process
Draft DM Policy calls for protecting lives and properties through
Community involvement
Local government leadership
Preparedness to be based on self-reliance
Non-structural is equally important to Structural interventions
Addressing urban hazards
Urban Planning-(DAP)

CHALLENGES
Emerging social dynamics

Wider political involvement at local level,
Rural-Urban migration (Leadership, Social activists/ workers)
Un-planned urbanization
Centralized administrative structures
System of resource allocation
Planning process
NGOs and Donors wider engagement
Urban governance
Coordinating among different agencies
Community building in urban settings
THANK YOU
For more information contact:

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Disaster Management & Relief Bhaban (6th Floor)
92-93 Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
Tel: (+88 02) 989 0937, 882 1255 Website: www.cdmp.org.bd

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SESSION 1

Mohammad Abdul Qayyum

September 25, 2014

BACKGROUND HISTORY OF CBDM

HISTORICAL LEGACY OF CBDM IN BANGLADESH

DISASTER MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES

COMMON HAZARDS AND DISASTERS

EVOLUTION OF CBDM ORGANIZED INITIATIVES IN BANGLADESH

EXAMPLES OF BEST PRACTICES

COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER MANAGEMENT

EXAMPLE 01/ CDMP MODEL /BOTTOM UP APPROACH (CRA)

CDMP MODELS AND ACHIEVEMENTS

EXAMPLE 02/ URBAN VOLUNTEERS

EXAMPLE 03/ CYCLONE PREPAREDNESS PROGRAMME

COMPONENTS OF CBDM IN BANGLADESH

COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER MANAGEMENT APPROACH: OPPORTUNITY

LINK WITH POLICY AND PLANS

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

BACKGROUND HISTORY OF CBDM

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

HISTORICAL LEGACY OF CBDM

Commonalities among the Bangladeshi people

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

HISTORICAL LEGACY OF CBDM

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Inter Ministerial Disaster Management

Ministry of Disaster Management and

National Platform for Disaster

CPP Implementation Board

District DM Committee (DDMC)

National Disaster Management

Earthquake Preparedness and

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Union DM Committee (UzDMC)

COMMON HAZARDS AND DISASTERS

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

EVOLUTION OF CBDM INITIATIVES

EXAMPLES OF BEST PRACTICES

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Rapport Building and social capital

Community Risk Assessment

Technical support and

CDMP MODELS AND ACIEVEMENTS

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

CDMP MODELS AND ACIEVEMENTS

Identified DRR interventions through CRA are implemented by the

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

A total target of 60,000 volunteers will be selected and trained.

Their contribution as rescuer during Rana Plaza tragedy was commendable

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

The Urban Volunteers are ward based

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Example 03: CPP

Zonal office, District level , No-07

Upazila Office, Upazila Level, No-37

Warning Volunteer (M)

Rescue Volunteer (M)

Shelter Volunteer (M)

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Relief Volunteer (M)

First aid Volunteer (M)

History of Cyclone Preparedness Program(CPP)