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Engineering Design
The immediate product of the design process is a report, a
set of calculations, and/or a drawing that are abstractions
of hardware.
The subject of the design may be a process, an element or
component of a larger assembly, or an entire system.
system design: a system is defined as a collection of
components with interrelated performance.
Thermal systems, where fluids and energy in the form of
heat and work are conveyed and converted. Renewable
Energy thermal Systems are part of thermal systems
The technical engineering activity blends in an engineering
undertakeing
Decisions in an Engineering
Undertaking
Methodology or morphology of engineering undertakings: analyze
the steps and procedures used in reaching decisions.
Since the starting point, the goal, and the side conditions differ
from one undertaking to the next, the procedures must vary
The advantage of analyzing the decision process, especially in
complex undertakings, is that it leads to a more logical coordination
of the many individual efforts constituting the entire venture.
The flow diagram in Fig. 1-1 shows typical steps followed in the
conception, evaluation, and execution of the plan.
The flow diagram shows only how this design procedure fits into
the larger pattern of the undertaking.
rectangular boxes represent considerable effort and expenditures on
large projects.
Diamond boxes represent decisions
NEED OR OPPORTUNITY
Example
suppose that a new product or' facility
is proposed and that the criterion for
success is a 10 percent rate of return
on the investment for a 5-year life of
the plant. (In RE systems 20-25 years)
After a preliminary design, the
probability distribution curve is low
but attractive enough to proceed to a
complete design, including cost
estimates
If the most probable return on
investment after this complete design
were 16 percent, for example, the
confidence in this figure would be
greater than the confidence in the 18
percent figure after the preliminary
design because costs have now been
estimated based on the design.
FEASIBILITY (STEP 6)
The feasibility study and the subsequent feasibility
decision refer to whether the project is even possible.
A project may be feasible, or possible, but not
economical. Infeasibility may result from unavailability
of investment capital, land, labor, or favorable zoning
regulations
Safety codes or other regulatory laws may prohibit the
enterprise ((Example; In Jordan: Energy law 2010,
actions 2013 (lack of regulations)
If an undertaking is shown to be infeasible, either
alternatives must be found or the project must be
dropped.
A WORKABLE SYSTEM
A workable system is one that system which performs
the assigned task within the imposed constraints, i.e.,
1. Meets the requirements of the purposes of the
system, e.g., providing the required amount of power,
heating, cooling, or fluid flow, or surrounding a space
with a specified environment so that people will be
comfortable or a chemical process will proceed or not
proceed
2. Will have satisfactory life and maintenance costs
3. Abides by all constraints, such as size, weight,
temperatures, pressure, material properties, noise,
pollution, etc.
STEPS IN ARRIVING AT
A WORKABLE SYSTEM
The two major steps in achieving a workable
system are
(1) to select the concept to be used and
(2) to fix whatever parameters are necessary to
select the components of the system. These
parameters must be chosen so that the design
requirements and constraints are satisfied.
Example
Example
1.
2.
3.