REVIEW

ART STUD 101

10/01/15

Mannerism late Renaissance

-reaction to Raphaels death ; post Raphael
Characteristics:
-elongations
-formal and poised
-very mannered
-ambiguous space
-figuro serpentinata
-exaggeration of Renaissance contrapposto
-dramatic compared to Renaissance
-no restraint
-seleCtive lighting (no logical source)
-pastel colors (but still depends on lighting)

Baroque
-dramatic gestures from mannerism are still evident
Italy
-counter Reformation
-council of Trent wherein art was decreed to be used for religious purposes
to attract people back into the Church

-Baroque in this sense obviously started in Rome

Caravaggio employed tenebrism
-the drama (in terms of light and gestures) of his work engages the
viewer

-often depicted real people in his paintings ; even if his subject

matter was religious
-he was first to include ordinary people in his compositions
-genre
Bernini displayed the characteristics of Baroque in his sculptures
Artemisia Gentileschi Caravaggisti
French Baroque
-mainly influenced by Louis XIII, XIV in Versailles
-apparently do not look like they belong in the counter Reformation art
-absolute monarchy
-instead of religious paintings, there were paintings of Louis XIV as
Apollo

Spanish Baroque
-Spanish inquisition ; very conservative, religious, and restrained
Diego Velazquez influenced by the Spanish Court
-

Las Meninas
o Its trying to show things in the world
o Seemingly post modern
o Complex

Practice of appointing court painters = disturbed the guilds ; since these guilds
have been around since the medieval period
*to diminish the guild problem, the king/s (in France) inaugurated the royal
Academy
-set a certain elevation when it came to painting
-made the hierarchy of art (religion/history portrait landscape
animals still life)
Netherlands
-two divisions: Flemish (Catholic) and Dutch (Calvinist)
-Flemish Baroque : Rubens
-plump women (Rubenesque)

-The Medici Cycle

:van Dyck
-Dutch Baroque (class picture): patrons were mostly merchants
Franz Hals
Rembrandt Night Watch
Vermeer for most of what was left after he died,
he was forgotten

He had a different style

-his lighting was soft
-almost Impressionism
-white is not as white

-View of Delft landscape

Palladianism very symmetrical and almost Renaissance
-arches and pillars
-inspired by the landscape of the Netherlands (flat)

Rococo
-very French
-Louis XV and his mistresses
-mesdames / Kings mistresses usually pushed for art ; not court driven anymore
Eg. Madame de Pompadour
-very frivolous
Fragonard

-these were meant for the courts private delegation ; exclusive

-on the verge of the French Revolution