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and
g : R2 R.
X gi
(g f )i
fj
=
(q)
(p).
xk
y
x
j
k
j=1
If y = f (x) and z = g(y) then we get
m
X zi yj
zi
=
.
xk
yj xk
j=1
We can use the chain rule to prove some of the simple rules for derivatives.
Suppose that we have
f : Rn Rm
and
g : Rn Rm .
x
y
f
f
= r sin +
r cos .
x
y
We can rewrite this as
=
cos
r sin
sin
r cos
x
cos
r sin
sin
r cos
is
r(cos2 + sin2 ) = r.
So if r 6= 0, then we can invert the matrix above and we get
1 r cos sin
x
r
=
r r sin cos
y