Handel

Trumpets

Horns

Oboes

Strings

Continuo

Overture
(A)

Fanfares, phrases
of varying length

Repeat trumpet
phrases

Overture
(B)

Dotted rhythm
and semiquaver
melodies of
varying length
Fanfare melody

Repeat trumpet
phrases

Play
antiphonally
with Trumpets
Accompanies
trumpets

Play
antiphonally
with trumpets
Accompanies
trumpets

Play
antiphonally
with Horns
Accompanies
horns

Together with
trumpets

Together with
trumpets
Sometimes
melody

Solo melody, then

acomp. in Tutti
(quaver rhythms)

Accomp. in
Tutti (quaver
rhythms)

Accomp. in
Tutti (quaver
rhythms)

New melody all

Occasional
throughout
repeated notes
(chromatic at end)

A1

Same

Same, with 3
quaver intro.
Minor melody
through multiple
keys, some Q+A

A2

Same

Same

Overture
(A1)
Adagio
Hornpipe
(A)
Hornpipe
(B)
Minuet (A)
Minuet (B)
Lentement
(A)
Lentement
(B)
Boure

Mozart

Not antiphony Not antiphony

anymore
anymore
Chords
Chords
(sometimes
melody)
Play phrases solo Play Q phrases
Q+A at
Q+A at
Q+A at opening
(Also Tutti)
solo (Also Tutti) opening
opening
Melody with
Violin 1 plays Accompaniment
strings
countermelody
All play together
All play together All play
All play
All play together
together
together
Omitted 4 bars
Omitted 4 bars
All play
All play
All play together
together
together
Q phrase before
A phrase before All play
All play
All play together
Tutti
Tutti
together
together
Q phrase
A phrase
String/Wind
before Tutti
before Tutti
split
All together, with omissions on repeats depending on recordings.
Solo Horn
Other Horns
Oboes
Violins
Lower Strings
Homophonic
detached
chords, then
melody

Occasional
notes,
descending
quaver passage
with Tutti
Same

Homophonic
detached chords
with
semiquaver
decoration
Quaver
Viola with vlns.
accomp. In
Accomp. With
3rds + A
sustained dom.
phrases + triple pedal at end
stops
Same
Same

Same

Mainly
quavers with
some A
phrases
Same

Viola with
Vlns., Bass
mostly
sustained/longer
Same

B1
A3+Coda
Tutti bar
early

Some alterations
to melody, fast
repeated notes
Melody at start,
then sust., then
downw. arpeggios

Same
Suspensions,
tonic pedal

Energetic
sequences,
suspensions

Dotted minim
accomp. In
places, Imit.
Energetic
sequences,
suspensions

Accomp.
Quavers or
doted minims
Energetic
sequences,
suspensions,
tonic pedal

Beethoven
1st subject

2nd subject

Development

Strings + Clarinets play motif in unison, then imitated around strings, pedal in
bassoon, imp. cadence with German 6th
Flutes/oboes added, for motif, then imitation (strings), then ascending
sequence/descending arpeggios, wind plays chords, bass hammers out tonic, finishes
on dim. 7th
Horn opens, legato theme weaved through wind/strings forming ascend. sequence,
bass/cello still play rhythmic motif
Violins play descending quavers, crotchet chord everywhere else ends with Q+A
(strings/wind) before rhythmic motif played in unison
Theme by brass/wind, answered by strings, followed by imitation (strings)
Leads into string Q+A inverted pedal ascend. sequence followed by inv. Pedal (vlns.)