07 Selection Screens, List Events Student Version

3/22/2011
SELECTION SCREENS AND

LIST PROCESSING EVENTS
Spring 2011
Enterprise Programming
Getting Data from User at Runtime

PARAMETERS is the most basic type of input acceptance.
Using Parameters generates a default selection screenscreen
1000.
If the type of item prompted is based on a global type this allows
input help (F1) and entry selection help (F4) are shown as defined in
the ABAP dictionary.
PARAMETERS: carrier TYPE sflight-carrid,
fltdate TYPE sflight-fldate.
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Event blocks
An ABAP program is a collection of processing blocks.
Event blockscalled by runtime environment when related event
has been triggered through natural program flow of control or
when triggered by a user action.
action
Our initial programsone blockso no need to declare event blocks.
Program event blocks:
LOAD-OF-PROGRAM (called at initial program setup)
START-OF-SELECTION (beginning of main processing)
Example use: PARAMETERS triggered at beginning of main
processing. If want to set a default value for field based on
processing (calculation, data retrieval), must do this before
START-OF-SELECTION.
Example
PARAMETERS date LIKE sy-datum DEFAULT sy-datum.
WRITE date.
DATA pastdate LIKE sy-datum.
pastdate = pastdate - 7.
PARAMETERS date LIKE sy-datum DEFAULT pastdate.
WRITE date.
LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.
DATA pastdate LIKE sy-datum.
pastdate = sy-datum - 7.
PARAMETERS date LIKE sy-datum DEFAULT pastdate.
START-OF-SELECTION.
WRITE date.
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Selection Screen Input

Selection screen display and control can incorporate additional
elements beyond PARAMETERS to provide additional GUI controls.
Covered previously:
S l ti TTexts
Selection
t ((changes
h
prompting
ti associated
i t d with
ith PARAMETERS)
PARAMETERS).
More on Parameters--checkboxes
PARAMETERS can be designated AS CHECKBOX.
PARAMETERS: myvar AS CHECKBOX.
Use DEFAULT 'X' to have it toggled on initially.

PARAMETERS: myvar AS CHECKBOX DEFAULT 'X'.
Test if user selected by seeing if variable set to 'X'.
IF myvar = 'X'.
'X'
"code here.
ENDIF.
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More on Parameters--checkboxes
PARAMETERS: male AS CHECKBOX, female AS CHECKBOX.
IF male =
WRITE /
ENDIF.
IF female
WRITE /
ENDIF.
'X'.
'You are male!'.
= 'X'.
'You are female!'.
More on Parameters--radio buttons

PARAMETERS can be designated as part of a radiobutton group.
PARAMETERS: choice1 RADIOBUTTON GROUP grpa,
choice2 RADIOBUTTON GROUP grpa,
choice3 RADIOBUTTON GROUP grpa.
grpa
Maximum group name length--4 characters
Use DEFAULT 'X' to have it toggled on initially.
PARAMETERS: choice1 RADIOBUTTON GROUP grpa DEFAULT 'X'.
Test if user selected by seeing if variable set to 'X' or use a CASE
statement.
CASE 'X'
'X'.
WHEN choice1.
WHEN choice2.
ENDCASE.
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More on Parameters--radio buttons

PARAMETERS: male RADIOBUTTON GROUP gen,
female RADIOBUTTON GROUP gen.
IF male = 'X'.
WRITE / 'You are male!'.
ENDIF.
IF female = 'X'.
WRITE / 'You are female!'.
ENDIF.
CASE 'X'.
WHEN male.
WHEN female.
ENDCASE.
PARAMETERS: myvar AS CHECKBOX.

PARAMETERS: choice1 RADIOBUTTON GROUP grpa,
choice2 RADIOBUTTON GROUP grpa,
choice3 RADIOBUTTON GROUP grpa.
IF myvar = 'X'.
WRITE / 'You chose the checkbox'.
ELSE.
ELSE
WRITE / 'You did not choose the checkbox'.
ENDIF.
CASE 'X'.
WHEN choice1.
WRITE / 'You picked choice1'.
WHEN choice2.
WHEN choice3.
WHEN OTHERS.
WRITE / 'You did not pick a choice!'.
ENDCASE.
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Selection Screen refinements

To exert further control over selection screen use SELECTION-SCREEN
statement.
Can add 1 or more framed blocks with optional title.
SELECTION SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK name WITH FRAME TITLE title.
SELECTION-SCREEN
title
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK name.
CASE 'X'.
WHEN male.
WHEN female.
ENDCASE.
LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.
title = 'Choose a gender'.
Multiple items on a line

To place multiple items on a single output line, place control
definitions within a SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF LINE/ SELECTIONSCREEN END OF LINE block.
SELECTION-SCREEN
SELECTION
SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK name WITH FRAME
TITLE title.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF LINE.
PARAMETERS: var1 TYPE i,
var2 TYPE i,
var3 TYPE i.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF LINE.
LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.
title = 'Enter choices'.
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Supplemental Text
COMMENT can be used to place text on the form.
Must use column and length format specifier.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK name WITH FRAME
TITLE title.
SELECTION-SCREEN COMMENT 1(40) comment.
var2 TYPE i,
var3 TYPE i.
SELECTION SCREEN END OF LINE.
SELECTION-SCREEN
LINE
LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.
comment = 'Enter your three favorite numbers'.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK name WITH FRAME TITLE title.

PARAMETERS: male RADIOBUTTON GROUP gen.
SELECTION-SCREEN COMMENT 12(6) comment2.
PARAMETERS: female RADIOBUTTON GROUP gen.
SELECTION-SCREEN
SELECTION
SCREEN END OF LINE.
CASE 'X'.
WHEN male.
WHEN female.
ENDCASE.
ENDCASE
LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.
title = 'Choose a gender'.
comment = 'Male'.
comment2 = 'Female'.
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Allowing range of values selection

Allows user to select a range of values.
SELECT-OPTIONS itabname FOR dataobject.
User entry stored in internal table itabname. 4 fields:
Sign either I or Eindicating
Signeither
E indicating whether values specified are
included or excluded from selection
Lowthe lower limit or a single value (if only one specified)
Highthe upper limit
Optiontext such as EQ, NE, GE, GT, LE, LT (if only Low
specified). [Other options not presented here]
Control typically used with database query operations and WHERE
clause particularly adjusted to correspond with this resource.
SELECT fields FROM table WHERE value IN itabname.
(Used as a field limiter if selected, so if not populated all values
returned.)
Allowing range of values selection

DATA str TYPE spfli.
SELECT-OPTIONS userair FOR str-carrid.
SELECT carrid connid cityfrom cityto FROM spfli INTO
CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF str WHERE carrid IN userair.
WRITE: / str-carrid, str-connid, str-cityfrom,
str-cityto.
ENDSELECT.
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var2 TYPE i.
PARAMETERS var3 TYPE i.
LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.
comment2 = 'Put your most favorite here'.

PARAMETERS: var1 TYPE i.
PARAMETERS: var2 TYPE i.
PARAMETERS var3 TYPE i.
SELECTION SCREEN END OF BLOCK name.
SELECTION-SCREEN
LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.
comment2 = 'Put your most favorite here'.
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Data Validity Testing

Validation of screen input can be done on the AT SELECTION-SCREEN
event.
Useful if want to require user data entry before main processing.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN
SELECTION SCREEN ON fieldname
fieldname.
Triggered if fieldname was submitted.
If an error or warning is issued, the field is highlighted.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON RADIOBUTTON GROUP grpnam.
If an error or warning is issued, the group is highlighted.
Data Validity Testing

i var2 TYPE i,
i var3 TYPE i.
i
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON var2.
IF var2 = 7.
MESSAGE 'Sevens are bad!' TYPE 'W'.
ENDIF.
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Let's Practice
Let's Practice
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List output events

We now move from input and related events to output and a related
event.
AT LINE-SELECTION EVENT
When outputting a list, the AT LINE-SELECTION event is triggered
when a line is double clicked or the user chooses the choose icon.
SY-LSIND starts out at 0 for the initial list output and is incremented
each time the event fires.
fires It is decremented as the user moves
BACK.
START-OF-SELECTION.
WRITE: /'hello', 'sy-lsind', sy-lsind.
AT LINE-SELECTION.
WRITE: /'Now at selection level', sy-lsind.
When writing in AT LINE-SELECTION, this is called a detail list and

its output appears as a new list.
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Retrieving values from selected line

When list is output, HIDE can be used to designate values that will be
passed on (called a data transport) when line is selected.
The data object to be hidden may or may not be a part of the output
that is displayed
displayed.
TYPES spfli_table_type TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF spfli.

DATA itable_spfli TYPE spfli_table_type.
DATA str LIKE LINE OF itable_spfli.
DATA str2 TYPE sflight.
SELECT carrid connid airpfrom airpto deptime FROM spfli INTO

CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE itable_spfli.
LOOP AT itable_spfli INTO str.
WRITE: / str-carrid, str-connid, str-airpfrom, str-airpto,
str-deptime.
HIDE: str-carrid, str-connid.
ENDLOOP.
AT LINE-SELECTION.
IF sy-lsind = 1.
WRITE: 'Flights
li h
f
for connection',
i
str-carrid,
id str-connid.
id
SELECT fldate seatsmax seatsocc FROM sflight INTO CORRESPONDING
FIELDS OF str2 WHERE carrid = str-carrid AND connid =
str-connid.
WRITE: / str2-fldate, str2-seatsmax, str2-seatsocc.
ENDSELECT.
ENDIF.
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3/22/2011
Copyrights
Presentation prepared by and copyright of Dr. Tony
Pittarese, East Tennessee State University, Computer and
Information Sciences Dept. (pittares@etsu.edu)
Podcast lecture related to this presentation available via
ETSU iTunesU.
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07 Selection Screens, List Events Student Version

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3/22/2011

SELECTION SCREENS AND

Getting Data from User at Runtime

Selection Screen Input

Use DEFAULT 'X' to have it toggled on initially.

More on Parameters--radio buttons

More on Parameters--radio buttons

PARAMETERS: myvar AS CHECKBOX.

Selection Screen refinements

Multiple items on a line

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK name WITH FRAME TITLE title.

Allowing range of values selection

Allowing range of values selection

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK name WITH FRAME TITLE title.

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK name WITH FRAME TITLE title.

Data Validity Testing

Data Validity Testing

List output events

When writing in AT LINE-SELECTION, this is called a detail list and

Retrieving values from selected line

TYPES spfli_table_type TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF spfli.

SELECT carrid connid airpfrom airpto deptime FROM spfli INTO

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