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Chapter 7
I d ti Motors-1
Induction
M t
1
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Outline
Basic characteristics of induction motors.
motors
The induced torque phenomenon.
The slip speed and the rotor speed.
The equivalent model of an induction
motor
Power & torque in induction motors.
characteristics
Torque x speed characteristics.
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Induction Machines
Usually employed as motors.
Advantages: Cheaper, lighter and easier to
maintain than synchronous machines.
Disadvantages: Speed, for motor operation,
varies with load torque.
Stator: Identical to that of a synchronous
machine.
Rotor: No need for a dc field current (cage
rotor or three
three-phase
phase wound rotor).
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WoundrotorIM
SquirrelCageIM
Induction Machine
WoundrotorIM
Squirrel Cage IM
Squirrel-Cage
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Example
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Since air-gap
Si
i
power = power consumedd in
i R2/s
/ maximum
i
induced torque will occur when power consumed by this
resistor is maximum
R2
2
2
= RTH + ( X TH + X 2 )
s
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R2
2
RTH
+ ( X TH + X 2 )
Note: smax ~ R2
Applying this value of slip to torque equation
max =
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2
3VTH
2 sync RTH +
2
TH
+ ( X TH + X 2 )
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Start-up schemes
The starting current in IM
is 55-7
7 times the full load
current which causes a dip
in the system voltage.
It is sometimes required
to reduce the starting
current.
current
The starting schemes are
based on the principle of
applying a reduced
voltage during the start-up
and
d then
h full
f ll voltage.
l
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V = 00.5V
5Vrated
start= 0.25start_rated
Used for small motors only
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