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ISSN: 2348-4098
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 06 JULY 2014
chandrabhuma@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Content based medical image retrieval systems are helpful to the radiologists in
diagnosis of breast cancer. This paper presents a method for retrieving mammogram
images as cancer or normal by using bandelet transform.Bandelet transform is
appropriate for analysis of edges and textures of images based on which image features
are extracted. The main contribution in this paper is of three directions. First, Pre
processing is very important to correct and adjust the mammogram image for further
study and processing. Second, feature extraction is a key issue in content based medical
image retrieval. Bandelet coefficients are calculated from the preprocessed images and
statistical parameters are calculated for these coefficients which form feature vector for
the image. Third, based on the similarity measurement images are retrieved through
graphical user interface and classified by using KNN. Classification accuracy and
precision of 93.737%and 0.945 are obtained.
KEYWORDS: content based medical image retrieval, feature extraction, bandelet, KNN,
GUI.
1. INTRODUCTION
In CBMIR system, the term [CBIR]
describes the process of retrieving
desired images from a large collection
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image is measured.
and
other
suitable
practice
of
reading
and
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development
technical
segmentation,
medical
picture
management) [11].
informatics
and
the
relevant
clinical
on
mammograms
and
interpreting
medical
regions
is
often
un
the
clinically
relevant
stage
challenges
facing
many
(i.e.,
region
semantic
gap,
and
structure
of
breast.
not
perfect.
On
average,
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basis of L2 in [12]
techniques.
The
j , m x1 j , m
1
j , m x1 j , m
1
x
j , m1 1 j , m
2
pre
2. PROPOSED METHOD
THE BANDELET TRANSFORM
j , m , m I
1 2
x 2
x 2
x2
l, m x1 j, m x2 cx1
1
j, m x1 j, m x2 c x1
1
x
x cx1
j, m1 1 j, m 2
j, l j, m1,m2
l, m x1 j, m x2 cx1
1
j, m x1 j, m x2 cx1
1
x
x cx1
j
m
j
m
,
1
,
2
1
2
j, m1 , m2 IW
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VOLUME 02 ISSUE 06 JULY 2014
c t
n b 2
t n
.
e u du
x
x min
include
the
bandelet
k l
n 1
four
smaller
squares,
R f fM CM ,
2
segmentation
f fR
CR1 logR
mammogram
2l
of
is
image
.secondlyto
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directio
on which gives rise
r
to th
he
smallesst
Lagrangian.
T
Thirdly
domaain,
Database Image
I
of Mammo
ogram
Preprocesssing
Preprocesssing
Bandellet
transform
Bandellet
transforrm
Feature Vector
V
Feature Vector
V
T
To
constru
uct a bandeelet basis o
on the who
ole
waveleet
Query Imaage of
Mammoggram
quadtreee
segmen
ntation of each waveelet scale in
dyadic squares is used.
KNN classiffication
Warpedd Haar Transfo
form
Similarrity
Measureement
Retrieved iimages
through GUI
Quadtrree Constructtion
ussing proposed
d method
Bandeelet Transforrm
Figuree 2: Block diaggram of prop
posed method
d
3. ME
ETHODOL
LOGY
3.1 IMA
AGE DATA
A SET
3.2 PREPRO
OCESSING
Im
mage preprocessingg techniqu
ues are
necessary, in order to fin
nd the
orientation of the mammogrram, to
reemove thee noise and
d to enhan
nce the
quality of the
t
image [14]. Befo
ore any
im
mageproceessing alggorithm can
c
be
ap
pplied on mammogra
m
am, prepro
ocessing
availab
ble database of mammograph
hic
data. It
I containss approxim
mately 262
20
screeniing mamm
mography cases. Fro
om
without
w
background
d of the mam
mmogram.
the DD
DSM datab
base, a to
otal of 47
78
imagess consistingg of both cancer an
nd
normall images arre chosen, w
were used in
this wo
ork.
undue
influence
from
Digital
D
maammogram
ms are medical
m
im
mages th
hat are difficult to be
in
nterpreted,, thus a preeparation p
phase is
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needed
d in order to improv
ve the imagge
th
he contrasst range co
ould enhan
nce the
quality
y and maake the segmentatio
on
im
mage. In second
s
steep, an auttomated
th
hresholdingg method
d to obtain a
binarization
n of the enhanced image
reducin
ng the un
nrelated and
a
surplu
us
mograms are
mammogram imaages. Mamm
caalculate th
he number of pixels of each
part: if the n
number of white pixels is big
in
n left parrt, the dirrection of breast
reegion is fro
om left to rright (respeectively,
noise and
a
high frequency
f
componen
nts
th
he right part, the diirection off breast
reegion is fro
om right to
o left). Sep
paration
region extraction..
off
the
b
breast
region
from
m
the
background
d the conn
nected com
mponent
laabelling alggorithm to divide thee binary
im
mage into different laabels is ussed. For
breast regio
on selection
n by lookin
ng at the
mage generrated, note that breastt region
im
Figu
ure 4: a: origin
nal
image
b. preeprocessed
i
image
increasiing
conttrast,
an
nd
kNN
CLASSIFIC
CATION
ALGORITHM
A
M
In
n pattern recognition
r
n field, KNN
N is one
off the most importan
nt nonparrameter
allgorithms and used
d for classiification
an
nd regressiion. In both
h cases, th
he input
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consists
of
the k closest
ISSN: 2348-4098
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 06 JULY 2014
training
any
additional
data.
The
KNN
learning algorithms.
be
useful
to
weight
the
feature vector.
Calculate
the
similarities
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as following:
those
m
SIM(X, di)
X
j 1
d ij
X j d ij
j 1
j 1
for
which
the
P X , C j SIM X , d i y d i , C j
features
a graphical
user
y(di, Cj) =
1, d i C j
0, d i C j
|x i
i 1
are
through direct
graphical
usually
performed
manipulation of
elements.
As
well
the
as
yi |
held
devices such
as MP3 players,
industry equipment.
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while
returns
classification
command window.
returned
images
(middle),
output
4. EVALUATION
OF
THE
RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
Performance measures are based on
6. CONCLUSION
5. RESULTS
are
preprocessed
and
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retrieved
through
graphical
ISSN: 2348-4098
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 06 JULY 2014
user
interface (GUI).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
[4].
Acharya
Nagarjuna
[5].
the work.
REFERENCES
[6].
Lehmann,
T.M.;
Guld,
M.O.;
143155.
[7].
[8].
for
858.
content
recognitionand
[9].
pulmonary
nodule
image
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degree
in
communication
electronics
and
engineering
from
Contentbased
medical
image
Nagarjuna university.
letters.
[13].http://marathon.csee.usf.edu/Mam
mography/Database.html.
[14]. Samir Kumar Bandyopadhyay,
preprocessing of MammogramImages,
International Journal of Engineering
Science and Technology, Vol. 2(11),
2010, 67536758.
BIOGRAPHIES
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