11.

YEAR 2009 (GROUP I)

Read the following passage and answer the questions given at the
end. (The answers must be in your own words.)
Advertising is essentially the art of communication. As such, its origin can
be traced right back to the origin of the species. "Advertising colouration" is
a familiar biological phrase denoting the colours developed by certain
animals to make them stand out against their natural background. It is the
direct opposite of camouflage. There is always a message in these colours,
such as; "keep away, "mind your step", "darling won't you care for a dance?"
While camouflage is tricky and timed, "advertising" is honest, confidant, and
forthright, as far as the world of nature goes. In human life, advertising
through the mouth must have begun with the beginning of commerce. The
tradition is still kept alive by hawkers and street vendors in our towns and
villages. As regards advertising through the written word there is
archaeological evidence that it was being practiced at least 3,000 years ago.
An advertisement offering a gold coin as a reward to anyone tracing out a
runaway slave was unearthed in the ruins of Thebes and is computed to be
as old as the third millennium B.C. It was the prototype of our "lost and
found"
classified
ad
that
was
painted
on
a
wall.
Questions:
(i)
What
was
advertising?
(ii)
What
does
the
phrase
"advertising
colouration"
mean?
(iii) What is the difference between camouflage and advertising?
(iv) When did verbal and written advertising begin in human life?
(v)
Suggest
a
suitable
title
for
the
passage.
(vi) Make a precis of the passage.
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12. YEAR 2009 (GROUP II)

Read the following passage and answer the questions given at the
end. (The answers must be in your own words.)
Fortunately, however, the growth of industrialism has coincided in the
West with the growth of democracy. It is possible now, if the population of
the world does not increase too fast, for one man's labour to produce much
more than is needed to provide a bare subsistence for himself and his family.
Given an intelligent democracy not misled by some dogmatic creed, this
possibility will be used to raise the standard of life. It has been so used to a
limited extent, in Britain and America, and would have so used more
effectively but for war. Its use in raising the standard of life has depended
mainly upon three things: democracy, trade unionism, and birth control. All
three, of course, have incurred hostility from the rich. If these three things
can be extended to the rest of the world as it becomes industrialized,
poverty can be abolished throughout the whole world, and excessive hours of
labour will no longer be necessary anywhere. But without these three things

industrialism will create a regime like that in which the Pharaohs built the
pyramids. In particular, if world population continues to increase at the
present rate, the abolition of poverty and excessive work will be totally
impossible.
Questions:
(i) What connection does the writer show between industrialism and
democracy?