Next Generation

PRIMAL AC-369 binder for SEA

PRIMAL AS-369S
27 April 2012

Binders to Screen

Binder ID

% Solid
Content

MFFT, C

Tg, C

pH

Viscosity,
cps
(#2, 60rpm)

PRIMAL AC-261

50.0

16.0

24.0

9.5

<400

PRIMAL AC-369

49.0

16.0

24.0

8.5

< 200

PRIMAL
AC-369S

49.0

16.0

24.0

8.5

< 200

PRIMAL
AC-6501M

50.0

17.0

9.7

<1350

UCAR R-361G

50.0

19.0

21.0

8.5

<500

Performance Study
Formulation Latitude
40PVC
60PVC

Binder Properties
Water Whitening

Paint Properties
Physical Properties (pH, viscosity)
Gloss & Hiding (weekly monitoring for 4 weeks)
Heat Age Storage Stability Test (10 days @ 50C)

40PVC: Formulation - 40PVC 35VS 48WS

Ingredients
Water
CELLOSIZE ER 30M
AMP-95
Propylene Glycol
KATHON LXE
Tego Foamex 825
ECOSURF LF-45
OROTAN 731A
Ti-Pure R-706
CC(1000Mesh)
Kaolin DB-80
Grind Sub-total
Respective Binders
ROPAQUE Ultra E
ECOSURF BD-405
Optifilm Enhancer 300
ACRYSOL RM-2020 NPR
Acrysol RM-8W
Water
Total

PRIMAL
AC-261
125.00
2.15
0.11
20.00
1.12
1.07
2.15
8.40
200.00
20.00
60.00
440.00
370.44
59.00
4.30
10.15
21.50
0.50
94.11
1000.00

PRIMAL
AC-369
125.00
2.15
0.11
20.00
1.12
1.07
2.15
8.40
200.00
20.00
60.00
440.00
378.00
59.00
4.30
10.15
21.50
0.50
86.55
1000.00

PRIMAL
AC-369S
125.00
2.15
0.11
20.00
1.12
1.07
2.15
8.40
200.00
20.00
60.00
440.00
378.00
59.00
4.30
10.15
21.50
0.50
86.55
1000.00

PRIMAL
AC- 6501M
125.00
2.15
0.11
20.00
1.12
1.07
2.15
8.40
200.00
20.00
60.00
440.00
370.44
59.00
4.30
10.15
21.50
0.50
94.11
1000.00

UCAR R-361G
125.00
2.15
0.11
20.00
1.12
1.07
2.15
8.40
200.00
20.00
60.00
440.00
370.44
59.00
4.30
10.15
21.50
0.50
94.11
4
1000.00

40PVC: Paint Properties

Paint ID

PRIMAL
AC-261

PRIMAL
AC-369

PRIMAL
AC-369S

PRIMAL
AC- 6501M

UCAR
R-361G

Initial KU/ICI/pH

100.7/1.02/8.99 102.3/1.10/8.45 101.8/1.09/8.26 103.3/1.12/9.24 98.6/1.05/8.73

EV. KU/ICI/pH

105.0/0.99/9.16 107.8/1.07/8.35 106.9/1.07/8.40 106.1/1.12/9.27 103.4/1.01/8.85

Overnight KU

4.3

5.5

5.1

2.8

4.8

Y-reflectivity

89.76

89.65

89.43

89.45

89.51

Hiding, %

93.27

93.44

93.48

93.50

93.42

Gloss
20 / 60 / 85

1.8/11.6/48.7

2.0/12.8/50.8

1.9/12.3/49.5

1.8/11.7/47.7

1.8/10.3/45.6

All paints are relatively stable, with similar gloss and hiding.

40PVC: Heat Age Storage Stability Test

[50C, 10 days]

Paint ID

PRIMAL
AC-261

PRIMAL
AC-369

PRIMAL
C-369S

PRIMAL
AC- 6501M

UCAR
R-361G

Initial KU/ICI/pH

110.4 / 0.99 /
9.16

112.6 / 1.07 /
8.35

112.6 / 1.07 /
8.40

111.4 / 1.12 /
9.27

108.0 / 1.01 /
8.85

Final KU/ICI/pH

108.0 / 0.98 /
8.73

111.0 / 1.09 /
8.18

109.7 / 1.06 /
8.06

106.9 / 1.05 /
8.94

107.3 / 1.00 /
8.51

KU

-2.4

-1.6

-2.9

-4.5

-0.7

Syneresis / mm

All paints are relatively stable upon storage at 50C.

40PVC: Colour Acceptance

Lamp Black

Red Oxide

Phthalo Blue

1.6
1.43
1.4

E values of <0.50 indicates no

significant colour difference
detectable by human eye.

1.2

0.96

0.93

0.85
0.8

0.69

0.6

0.48 0.48

0.37

0.35

0.4
0.2

0.42

0.17

0.26

0.22

0.2

0.12

0
PRIMAL AC-261 PRIMAL AC-369 PRIMAL AC-369S

PRIMAL AC6501M

UCAR R-361G
7

40PVC: Scrub Resistance

7 days curing, abrasive with shim

Paint ID

PRIMAL
AC-261

PRIMAL
AC-369

PRIMAL
AC-369S

PRIMAL
AC- 6501M

UCAR
R-361G

First cut

480

445

493

492

585

Cut Through

616

615

712

627

843

% Difference in Cut
Through

-0.16%

15.58%

1.79%

36.85%

PRIMAL AC-369S has better scrub resistance than

AC-261 and AC-369.
UCAR R-361G has significantly better scrub resistance.

40PVC: Tensile & Elongation (per SS-500)

120%

Elongation Passing
Requirement:
Minimium 100%

7.00
6.01

100%

5.67

6.00

5.65

5.50

Average Elongation, %

4.94
5.00

Tensile Passing
Requirement:
Minimium 1.5MPa

80%

76%

4.00
66%

60%
60%

3.00
51%
40%
2.00
20%

0%
Avg Elongation
Avg Tensile St (MPa)

Average Tensile Strength , Mpa

99%

1.00

PRIMAL AC261
51%
5.67

PRIMAL AC369
60%
5.50

PRIMAL AC369S
99%
6.01

PRIMAL AC6501M
76%
5.65

0.00
UCAR R-361G
66%
4.94
9

40PVC: Dirt Pick-Up Resistance

Dirt Collection Index after 1 month of exposure
AC-261
96.8
96.6
96.4
96.2
96.0
95.8
95.6
95.4
95.2
95.0
94.8

AC-369

AC-369S

AC-36501M

UCAR R361G

96.6
96.1

96.1

96.1
95.5

1 month

Slightly better Dc index for PRIMAL AC-369S after 1

month of outdoor exposure.

10

40PVC: Summary
Paint ID

PRIMAL
AC-261

PRIMAL
AC-369

PRIMAL
AC-369S

Paint Stability

Similar

Paint Heat Age Stability

Similar

Colour Acceptance

Best

Scrub Resistance
Tensile Strength
(per SS 500)
Water Resistance
Alkaline Resistance
Adhesion on Glass
Early Blistering
Dirt Pick-Up Resistance
(1 month)

Pass

PRIMAL
AC- 6501M

UCAR
R-361G

++

Pass

Pass

Pass

Pass

Best Tensile Strength

Ok
Slightly better
DPUR

11

60PVC: Formulation - 60PVC 37VS 50WS

Ingredients
Water
CELLOSIZE ER 30M
AMP-95
Propylene Glycol
KATHON LXE
Tego Foamex 825
ECOSURF LF-45
OROTAN 731A
Ti-Pure R-706
CC (1000Mesh)
Kaolin DB-80
Grind Sub-total
Respective Binders
ROPAQUE Ultra E
ECOSURF BD-405
Optifilm Enhancer 300
ACRYSOL RM-2020 NPR
Acrysol RM-8W
Water
Total

PRIMAL
AC-261
140.00
2.50
0.11
20.00
1.12
1.07
2.15
8.40
100.00
200.00
40.00
515.35
249.60
110.00
4.30
7.89
21.50
0.95
90.41
1000.00

PRIMAL
AC-369
140.00
2.50
0.11
20.00
1.12
1.07
2.15
8.40
100.00
200.00
40.00
515.35
254.69
110.00
4.30
7.89
21.50
0.12
91.24
1000.00

PRIMAL
AC-369S
140.00
2.50
0.11
20.00
1.12
1.07
2.15
8.40
100.00
200.00
40.00
515.35
254.69
110.00
4.30
7.89
21.50
1.66
89.70
1000.00

PRIMAL
AC- 6501M
140.00
2.50
0.11
20.00
1.12
1.07
2.15
8.40
100.00
200.00
40.00
515.35
249.60
110.00
4.30
7.89
21.50
0.32
85.95
1000.00

UCAR R-361G
140.00
2.50
0.11
20.00
1.12
1.07
2.15
8.40
100.00
200.00
40.00
515.35
249.60
110.00
4.30
7.89
21.50
0.25
86.02
12
1000.00

60PVC: Paint Properties

Paint ID

PRIMAL
C-261

PRIMAL
AC-369

PRIMAL
AC-369S

PRIMAL
AC- 6501M

UCAR
R-361G

Initial KU/ICI/pH

99.4/1.19/9.12

102.6/1.23/8.76

103.8/1.22/8.55

102.5/1.25/9.25

100.6/1.23/9.00

EV. KU/ICI/pH

102.4/1.35/8.98

104.9/1.20/8.56

105.1/1.21/8.46

105/1.23/9.13

102/1.34/8.92

Overnight KU

3.0

2.3

1.3

2.5

1.4

Y-reflectivity

86.94

86.82

86.3

86.8

86.76

Hiding, %

87.11

87.71

87.31

85.94

86.94

Gloss
20 / 60 / 85

1.3/2.9/8.1

1.3/2.8/8.0

1.3/2.8/7.8

1.3/2.9/7.7

1.3/2.9/7.8

All paints are relatively stable, with similar gloss and hiding.
13

60PVC: Heat Age Storage Stability Test

[50C, 10 days]

Paint ID

PRIMAL
AC-261

PRIMAL
AC-369

PRIMAL
AC-369S

PRIMAL
AC- 6501M

UCAR
R-361G

Initial KU/ICI/pH

105/1.35/8.98 107.8/1.20/8.56 108.3/1.21/8.46 107.9/1.23/9.13 105/1.34/8.92

Final KU/ICI/pH

104.2/1.09/8.82 106.8/1.33/8.47 108.1/1.14/8.22 106.2/1.19/8.83 105.5/1.19/8.56

KU

-0.8

-1.0

-0.2

-1.7

0.5

Syneresis / mm

2mm

1mm

1mm

1mm

1mm

All paints are relatively stable upon storage at 50C.

14

60PVC: Colour Acceptance

Lamp Black

Red Oxide

Phthalo Blue

1.20

1.13

1.00
E values of <0.50 indicates no
significant colour difference
detectable by human eye.

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

0.36
0.30
0.26

0.45
0.40

0.20

0.43
0.37
0.32

0.33
0.27

0.35
0.27
0.24

0.00
PRIMAL AC- PRIMAL AC261
369

PRIMAL AC- PRIMAL AC- UCAR R-361G

369S
6501M
15

60PVC: Scrub Resistance

7 days curing, abrasive with shim

Paint ID

PRIMAL
AC-261

PRIMAL
AC-369

PRIMAL
AC-369S

PRIMAL
AC- 6501M

UCAR
R-361G

First cut

379

383

395

385

460

Cut Through

464

452

504

467

561

-2.59%

8.62%

0.65%

20.91%

% Difference in Cut
Through

PRIMAL AC-369S has better scrub than AC-261 and AC-369.

UCAR R-361G has significantly better scrub.

16

60PVC: Tensile & Elongation (per SS-500)

9%

9.00

7%

7.63

6.73

6.71

8.00

6.45

6.21
6%

Average Elongation, %

6%

7.00
6.00

5%
5%

5.00

4%
3%

4.00

4%

Tensile Passing
Requirement:
Minimium 1.5MPa

3.00
2%

2%
1%

0%

PRIMAL AC261
Avg Elongation
5%
Avg Tensile St (MPa)
6.71

2.00

Average Tensile Strength, MPa

8%

8%

1.00

PRIMAL AC369
6%
6.21

PRIMAL AC369S
8%
6.73

PRIMAL AC6501M
4%
7.63

UCAR R361G
2%
6.45

0.00

17

60PVC: Dirt Pick-Up Resistance

Dirt Collection Index after 1 month of exposure
AC-261
99.03
99.02
99.01
99.00
98.99
98.98
98.97
98.96
98.95
98.94

AC-369

AC-369S

AC-36501M

UCAR R361G
99.02

98.99
98.98

98.99

98.97

1 month

All paints have similar Dc index after 1 month of outdoor

exposure.

18

60PVC: Summary
Paint ID

PRIMAL
AC-261

PRIMAL
AC-369

PRIMAL
AC-369S

Paint Stability

Similar

Paint Heat Age

Stability

Similar

Colour Acceptance

Good

Scrub Resistance
Tensile Strength
(per SS 500)

Pass

Dirt Pick-up
Resistance (1-month)

UCAR
R-361G

Good

Good

Phthalo Blue
>0.50

Good

++

Pass

Pass

Pass

Pass

Water Resistance
Alkaline Resistance
Adhesion on Glass

Early Water Blistering

PRIMAL
AC- 6501M

Best Tensile Strength

Ok
Ok

Ok

Ok

Ok

Blisters formed
after 3hrs

Similar
19

Conclusion
PRIMAL AC-369S has better scrub that PRIMAL
However, UCAR R-361G has much better scrub resistance properties.

PRIMAL AC-369S has the best overall tensile strength

properties at both PVC levels.
Dirt Pick-Up Resistance for PRIMAL AC-369S is slightly better than
UCAR R361G at 40PVC.
The overall performance of PRIMAL AC-369S is comparable/better
to the other binders evaluated.

20