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Final Report :: A - Earthquake Codes
IITK-GSDMA Project on Building Codes
Dr. R. K. Ingle
Department of Applied Mechanics
Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology
Nagpur
The views and opinions expressed are those of the authors and not
necessarily of the GSDMA, the World Bank, IIT Kanpur, or the Bureau
of Indian Standards.
Examples on 13920
CONTENTS
Sl. No
Type of Design
Page No.
1.
2.
15
3.
24
4.
33
5.
42
6.
48
7.
56
8.
62
9.
69
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Page 3
Examples on 13920
Solution:
1.1
Preliminary Data
Plan of the building and sectional elevations of different RC frames are shown in Figures 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3.
The sizes of the beams and columns are given in Table 1.1. Figure 1.4 shows beam-loading diagram for dead
load and live load, respectively, on an intermediate frame in the transverse direction.
C1
C2
C1
C1
C1
C3
C3
C3
C1
C1
C1
C2
B C1
C1
C3
C1
C C2
1
2
4
3
3
C2
5
4
6
4
Beam
C1
300 x 500
RB1, FB1
300 x 600
C2
400 x 400
RB2, FB2
300 x 500
C3
400 x 500
PB1
300 x 400
PB2
300 x 350
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 1 /Page 4
Examples on 13920
RB1
4th
FB1
3rd
FB1
2nd
FB1
1st
FB1
GL
PB1
1.5
Roof
C2
C1
a. Dead Load
C2
b. Live Load
1.2
General
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
1.3
Load Combinations
Examples on 13920
two symmetrical spans, calculations need to be
performed for one span only.
Load Combination
1.5DL+1.5LL
1.2(DL+LL*+EQX)
1.2(DL+LL*-EQX)
1.2(DL+LL*+EQY)
1.2(DL+LL*-EQY)
1.5(DL+EQX)
1.5(DL-EQX)
1.5(DL+EQY)
1.5(DL-EQY)
0.9DL+1.5 EQX
0.9DL-1.5 EQX
0.9DL+1.5 EQY
0.9DL-1.5 EQY
DL
1.5
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
LL
1.5
0.25/0.5*
0.25/0.5*
0.25/0.5*
0.25/0.5*
-
EQ
+1.2
-1.2
+1.2
-1.2
+1.5
-1.5
+1.5
-1.5
+1.5
-1.5
+1.5
-1.5
1.5
1.4
Member Forces
Left end
Centre
Right end
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
DL
-51
-37
32
59
-56
LL
-14
-12
11
16
-16
79
209
79
11
79
EQY
Note: The results are rounded of to the next higher integer value.
-191
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 1 /Page 6
Examples on 13920
Table 1.4 Force resultants in beam AB for different load combinations
S.
No.
Load Combination
Left end
Centre
Right end
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
1.5DL+1.5LL
-98
-74
65
113
-108
1.2(DL+LL*+EQY)
29
203
100
55
170
-301
1.2(DL+LL*-EQY)
-160
-299
-90
29
-19
157
1.5(DL+EQY)
42
258
125
65
207
-371
1.5(DL-EQY)
-195
-369
-113
32
-30
203
0.9DL+1.5 EQY
73
280
122
45
172
-337
0.9DL-1.5 EQY
-164
-347
-115
12
-65
236
1.6
Various Checks
1.6.1
= 532 mm.
Minimum reinforcement
= 0.24
f ck
fy
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
0.24 20
415
= 0.26%.
= 0.26 x 300 x 532/100
= 415 mm2
(Clause 6.2.1(b) of IS 13920: 1993)
Maximum reinforcement
= 2.5%
= 2.5 x 300 x 532 /100
= 3,990 mm2
(Clause 6.2.2 of IS 13920: 1993)
Span, L = 5,000 mm
L 5,000
=
= 8.33 > 4, hence ok
D
600
1.7
Mu = 369 kN-m
Example 1 /Page 7
Examples on 13920
Mu
bd 2
369 10 6
= 4.35
300 532 532
0.7 5000
+ 300 + 6 125 Or 4,000
6
= 1,633 mm or 4,000 mm
0.87 f y Ast
0.36 f ck b f
< df
ok
Mu = 280 kN-m
M u = 0.87 f y Ast d (1
Ast f y
b f d f ck
Lo
+ bw + 6d f or c/c of beams
6
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Required Reinforcement
1.8
Details of Reinforcement
Example 1 /Page 8
Examples on 13920
In an external joint, both the top and bottom bars
of the beam shall be provided with an anchorage
length beyond the inner face of the column equal
to the development length in tension + 10 times
bar diameter minus the allowance for 90 degree
bend (Clause 6.2.5 of IS 13920:1993) as shown in
Figure 1.6.
1.9.2
1 .4 ( M u
As
+ Mu
Bh
L
1 .4 ( M u
Ah
Bs
+ Mu )
20 #
980
784
16 #
1.9
1.9.1
Mu
Ah
bd 2
= 4.44
Ast f y
b f d f ck
= 286 kN-m
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 1 /Page 9
Examples on 13920
Table 1.5: Flexural design for beam AB
Beam AB
Hogging
moment
(kN-m)
-Mu/bd2
Ast at top
Asc at
bottom
Left end
Top reinforcement
Center
Right end
-369
-371
4.35
4.37
1.46%
0.54%
< 1.46/2
Hence revise to 0.73%
(Clause 6.2.3; IS13920: 1993)
1.47%
0.55%
< 1.47/2
Hence revise to 0.7335%
(Clause 6.2.3; IS13920: 1993)
Bottom reinforcement
Sagging
moment
(kN-m)
Ast at
bottom
280
Ast required = 1512 mm2
= 0.945%
> 1.46/2 i.e. 0.73
ok.
65
Ast required = 335 mm2
= 0.21%
< 0.26%
< 1.47 /4 =
0.37 %,
Hence revise to 0.37%
236
Ast required = 1264 mm2
= 0.79 %
> 1.47/2
> 0.735 %
ok.
0.33/2 = 0.165 %
0.79/2 = 0.395%
0.37/2 = 0.185 %
< 0.26%
> 0.26%
< 1.47/4=0.37%
< 1.47/4=0.37%
> 1.47/4=0.37% ok
Hence, revise to 0.37%.
Hence, revise to 0.37%.
Summary of required reinforcement
Top = 1.46%
Bottom = 0.945%
Top = 0.37%
Bottom = 0.37%
Top = 1.47%
Bottom = 0.79%
Beam AB
Longitudinal Reinforcement
Left end
Center
Right end
Top
3-16 straight +
3-16 straight + 5-20 +13-16 straight
reinforcement
5-20 +1-16 extra
16 extra
Steel
Provided
= 603 mm2
Steel Provided = 2,374 mm2
Steel Provided = 2,374 mm2
i.e. 0.378%
i.e. 1.487%
i.e. 1.487%
Bottom
3-16 straight + (2-16+13-16 straight
reinforcement 3-16 straight + 3-20 extra
20) extra
2
2
Steel Provided = 1,545 mm Steel Provided = 603 mm
Steel Provided =1,319 mm2
i.e. 0.378%
i.e. 0.97%
i.e. 0.83%
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 1 /Page 10
Examples on 13920
61.8 kN
61.8 kN
+
-
61.8 kN
S.F. due to
1.2 DL
+
21.6 kN
21.6 kN
+
-
21.6 kN
175 kN
186 kN
175 kN
259 kN
103 kN
21.6 kN
S.F. due to
1.2 LL
+
S.F. due to
1.2 LL
+
186 kN
61.8 kN
S.F. due to
1.2 DL
+
92 kN
Vu,a =
Vswaytoright =
1 .4 ( M u
As
Bh
+ Mu )
Ah
= 259 kN
= 186 kN
Vswaytoleft =
1.4( M u
As
Ah
Vu,b =
Bs
+ Mu )
Design Shear
Ah
1.2( DL + LL ) 1.4( M u + M u
Vu,a =
2
L
Vu,b =
Bs
L
2
= 103 kN
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Bh
= 270 kN
= 175 kN
= 103 kN
= 1.4(377 + 246)/5
1.9.3
Bs
Bh
Examples on 13920
Minimum
shear
reinforcement
as
Clause 26.5.1.6 of IS 456:2000 is given by:
per
Vus = Vu Vc
= 259-114
= 8 x 16 = 128 mm
= 145 kN
3-16 straight +
5-20+1-16extra
A
3-16
straight
The reinforcement
Figure1.8.
3-16 straight+
5-20 +1-16 extra
detailing
is
shown
in
600
500
A
3-16
3-16 straight +
straight
3-20extra
1250
500
600
5000
3-16 straight
8 - 2 legged links
@ 165 mm c/c
600
3-16 straight +
1-20+2-16 extra
300
Cross Section B-B
1250
3-16 straight +
5-20 + 1-16extra
8 - 2 legged links
@ 125 mm c/c
upto 1065mm
3-16 straight +
3-20extra
300
C
8-2 legged links
@ 165mm c/c
1250
5000
3-16 straight +
5-20 +1-16extra
8 - 2 legged links
@ 125 mm c/c
upto 1065mm
600
B
3-16 straight +
1-20+2-16 extra
3-16 straight
300
Cross Section C-C
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 1 /Page 12
Examples on 13920
Steel
required
kg
Detailing as per
IS 13920: 1993
Detailing as per
IS 456: 2000 (Seismic
loads as per R = 5)
Detailing as per
IS 456:2000 (Seismic
loads as per R = 3)
95
25
93
14
135
28
Total steel in
kg
120
107
163
Ratio
1.0
0.89
1.36
2-12+1-16 straight +
5-20 + 2-16extra
A
2-12+1-16 straight+
5-20 + 2-16extra
2-12+1-16
B
straight
600
500
1250
A
2-12+1-16
straight +
1-16+3-20extra
C
8-2 legged links
@ 300mm c/c
2-12+1-16
straight
500
1250
5000
1250
5000
2-12+1-16
+ 3- 20
2-12+1-16 straight +
5-20 +2-16extra
8 - 2 legged links
@ 230 mm c/c
upto 1065mm
600
2-12+1-16 str +
5-20 +2-16extra
8 - 2 legged links
@ 230 mm c/c
upto 1065mm
600
2-12+1-16 straight +
1-16 + 3-20 extra
300
Cross Section A-A
2-12+1-16 straight
8 - 2 legged links
@ 300 mm c/c
600
2-12+1-16 straight
300
Cross Section C-C
Figure 1.9: Reinforcement details for the beam ABC as per IS 456:2000 (with R = 5)
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 1 /Page 13
Examples on 13920
2-12+1-16 straight +
6-25+1-20 extra
2-12+1-16
A
straight
2-12+1-16 straight+
6-25+1-16 extra
600
500
2-12+1-16
A
B
straight
2-12+1-16 str +
4-25+1-16 extra
1250
1250
5000
2-12+1-16 straight+
4-25+1-12+1-16 extra
2-12+1-16 straight +
6-25+1-20 extra
8 - 2 legged links
@ 120 mm c/c
600
C
8-2 legged links
@ 125mm c/c
500
1250
2-12+1-16 str +
4-25+1-16 extra
2-12+1-16 straight
8 - 2 legged links
@ 145 mm c/c
600
2-12+1-16 straight +
4-25+1-12+1-16 extra
300
300
2-12+1-16 straight
300
500
5000
2-12+1-16 straight +
6-25+1-16 extra
8 - 2 legged links
@ 120 mm c/c
600
Figure 1.10: Reinforcement details for the beam ABC as per IS 456:2000 (with R = 3)
Table 1.3a Force resultants in the beam AB for various load cases with
Finite Size Correction
Load
Case
Left end
Center
Right end
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
DL
-48
-29
28
55
-45
LL
-14
-10
10
16
-13
EQY
83
191
83
83
177
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 1 /Page 14
Examples on 13920
Solution
2.1
Member Forces
Load
Case
Left end
V
kN
Centre
M
V
kN
kN-m
M
kN-m
Right end
V
M
kN kN-m
DL
-48
-39
29
53
-50
LL
-15
-14
10
15
-16
EQY
22
59
22
22
-50
2.2
2.2.1
Column
Beam
C1
230 x 500
RB1, FB1
230 x 500
C2
350 x 350
RB2, FB2
230 x 400
C3
300 x 500
PB1
230 x 350
PB2
300 x 300
Various Checks
Check for Axial Stress
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 2 / Page 15
Examples on 13920
Table 2.3 Force resultants in beam AB for different load combinations
S.
No.
1
Load Combination
Left end
Centre
Right end
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
Shear
(kN)
Moment
(kN-m)
1.5DL+1.5LL
-95
-80
59
102
-99
1.2(DL+LL*+EQY)
-36
20
29
43
95
-125
1.2(DL+LL*-EQY)
-89
-122
-24
33
42
-5
1.5(DL+EQY)
-39
30
36
50
113
-150
1.5(DL-EQY)
-105
-147
-30
38
47
0.9DL+1.5 EQY
-10
53
35
32
81
-120
0.9DL-1.5 EQY
-76
-124
-31
20
15
30
= 262 mm
= 2.5%
B 230
=
= 0.46 > 0.3
D 500
= 2,518 mm2
Hence, ok.
(Clause 6.1.2; IS 13920:1993)
Span, L = 5,000 mm
L 5,000
=
= 10 > 4
500
D
Hence, ok.
(Clause 6.1.4 of IS 13920:1993)
2.2.3
f ck
fy
0.24 x 20
415
= 0.26%.
= 0.26 x 230 x 438/100
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
2.3
Mu = 147 kN-m
Mu
bd 2
147 10 6
= 3.33
230 438 438
Examples on 13920
= 571 mm2
2.3.2
0.87 f y Ast
0.36 f ck b f
< df
Mu = 53 kN-m
ok.
< xu,max
xu =
Ast f y
b f d f ck
------- ( i )
Where,
Df = depth of flange
< 4%
= 125 mm
Hence, ok.
2.3.3
Required reinforcement
bw = width of rib
= 230 mm
2.4
bf = width of flange
=
Lo
+ bw + 6d f or c/c of beams
6
0.7 5,000
+ 230 + 6 125 or 4,000 ,
6
whichever is less
= 1,563 mm or 4,000 mm
= 1,563 mm (lower of the above)
(Clause 23.1.2 of IS 456: 2000)
Substituting the relevant values in (i) and solving
the resulting quadratic equation, we get
Ast at bottom = 339 mm2 > 262 mm2
< 2,518 mm2
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Details of Reinforcement
Example 2 / Page 17
Examples on 13920
Left end
Top reinforcement
Center
Right end
-147
-150
3.33
3.4
1.132%
0.19%
< 1.132/2 = 0.566%
Hence revise to 0.566%
(Clause 6.2.3; IS13920: 1993)
1.163%
0.224%
< 1.163/2 = 0.582%
Hence revise to 0.582%
Bottom reinforcement
Sagging
moment
(kN-m)
Ast at
bottom
53
58
30
Ast required = 192 mm2
=0.16 %
< 0.26%
<1.163/2 = 0.582%
Hence revise to 0.582%.
(Clause 6.2.3; IS13920: 1993)
Asc at top
0.33/2 = 0.165%
< 0.26%
< 1.163/4=0.291%
Hence, revise to 0.291%.
0.37 / 2 = 0.185%
< 0.26%
< 1.163/4
= 0.291 %
0.582 /2 = 0.291%
> 0.26% ok.
Top = 1.132%
Bottom = 0.566%
Beam AB
Top
reinforcement
Bottom
reinforcement
Left end
3-12 straight + 4-16
extra
Steel Provided = 1,143 mm2
i.e. 1.134%
4-12 straight + 2-10
extra
Steel Provided = 609 mm2
i.e. 0.6%
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Longitudinal reinforcement
Center
3-12 straight
Steel Provided = 339 mm2
i.e. 0.33%
4-12 straight
Steel Provided = 452
mm2i.e. 0.44%
Right end
3-12 straight + 4-16
+1-12) extra
Steel Provided = 1,256
mm2 i.e. 1.246%
4-12 str + 2-10 extra
Steel Provided = 609 mm2
i.e. 0.6%
Example 2 / Page 18
Examples on 13920
1 .4 ( M u
Vswaytoleft =
16 #
784
588
12 #
Ah
Bs
+ Mu )
2.5
2.5.1
(Table 19 of IS 456:2000)
Ah
Mu
= 3.36
bd 2
= 149 kN-m
For calculation of MuAs, the tensile steel pt =
0.60% and compressive steel pc = 1.134% is used.
The contribution of the compression steel is
ignored while calculating the sagging moment
capacity as T-beam. Referring to Annex G of IS:
456-2000, sagging moment capacity at A for xu <
Df and xu < xu,max may be calculated as given
below.
MuAs = M u = 0.87 f y Ast d (1
Ast f y
b f d f ck
= 94 kN-m
= cbd
= 0.66 x 230 x 438 /1,000
= 66 kN
1 .4 ( M u
As
Bh
+ Mu )
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
1.4( M u
As
+ Mu
Bh
= 1.4(94 + 165) /5
= 72kN
Vswaytoleft =
1.4( M u
Ah
Bs
+ Mu )
= 1.4(149 + 94) /5
= 68 kN
Example 2 / Page 19
Examples on 13920
61.8 kN
S.F. due to
1.2 DL
+
21.6 kN
Ah
21.6 kN
15.4
kN
2.6
Design Shear
= 86 kN
LL = 12 x (1 + 5) / 2 = 36 kN
Shear at left end for sway to right,
As
2
L
Bh
Bs
1.2( DL + LL ) 1.4( M u + M u )
+
2
L
as
per
= 152 kN
1.2( DL + LL ) 1.4( M u + M u
+
2
L
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
= 152-66
= 103 kN
Vu,b =
Vus = Vu Vc
Vu,a =
Bs
= 15.4 kN
S.F. due to
1.2 LL
+
152 kN
2
L
68 kN
= 155 kN
= 300 mm.
Bh
Example 2 / Page 20
Examples on 13920
The reinforcement
Figure 2.4.
= 8 x12 = 96 mm
However, it should not less than 100 mm.
detailing
is
shown
in
3-12straight
3-12 straight+
4-16 + 1-12 extra
500
500
A
B
4-12straight 4-12 straight +
4-12 straight +
2-10 extra
2-10extra
1250
1250
5000
8 - 2 legged links
@ 100mm c/c
upto 900mm
230
4-12 straight +
2-10 extra
500
230
5000
8 - 2 legged links
@ 100mm c/c
upto 900mm
500
4-12 straight +
2-10 extra
1250
3-12 straight +
4-16 + 1-12extra
3-12 straight +
4-16extra
500
C
8-2 legged links
@ 215mm c/c
3-12 straight
8 - 2 legged links
@ 215mm c/c
500
4-12 straight
230
Cross Section C-C
2.7
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 2 / Page 21
Examples on 13920
2-12straight +
(4-16+1-12) extra
2-12straight
A
2-12 straight+
(4-16+2-12) extra
500
500
B
2-12 straight
A
2-12straight
2-12 straight +
+ 2-12 extra
1-12 extra
1250
500
1250
2-12 straight
4-12 straight
230
8 - 2 legged links
@ 300 mm c/c
500
2-12 straight +
2-12 extra
230
5000
2-12 straight +
(4-16 +2-12)extra
8 - 2 legged links
@ 230 mm c/c
upto 900mm
500
2-12 straight +
1-12 extra
230
500
1250
5000
2-12 straight +
(4-16 +1-12)extra
8 - 2 legged links
@ 230 mm c/c
upto 900mm
C
8-2 legged links
@ 300mm c/c
Figure 2.5 Reinforcement detail for the beam ABC as per IS 456:2000 (with R = 5.0)
2-12straight
2-12 straight+
7-16extra
500
500
B
A
2-12 straight + 2-12straight 2-12straight+
1-12extra
+ 2-12 extra 3-16 extra
1250
8 - 2 legged links
@ 230 mm c/c
1250
8 - 2 legged links
@ 230 mm c/c
500
2-12 straight
8 - 2 legged links
@ 300 mm c/c
500
2-12 straight +
3-16 extra
230
Cross Section B-B
500
5000
2-12 straight +
7-16extra
2-12 straight +
3-16 extra
230
500
1250
5000
2-12 straight +
7-16extra
500
C
8-2 legged links
@ 300mm c/c
230
2-12 straight
+2-12 extra
Figure 2.6 Reinforcement detail for the beam ABC as per IS 456:200 (with R = 3.0)
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 2 / Page 22
Examples on 13920
Description
Detailing as per
IS 13920: 1993
Detailing as per
IS 456:2000 (Seismic
loads with R = 5)
Detailing as per
IS 456:200 (Seismic loads
with R = 3)
52
23
46
13
64
13
75
59
77
Ratio
1.0
0.79
1.03
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 2 / Page 23
Examples on 13920
BT
600
B
BB
300
AT
600
A
300
400
AB
500
Y
Figure 3.1 Column location in elevation
Solution:
3.1
Load Combinations
Load
combinations
derived
from
recommendations of Clause 6.3.1.2 of IS
1893(Part 1): 2002 and given in Table 1.4 of
Example-1 are considered for analysis.
3.2
Force Data
Examples on 13920
Pu
,
f ck bD
M2
2
f ck b D
, and
DL
LL
EQx
EQy
AB
AT
BB
BT
Axial
(kN)
M2
(kN-m)
M3
(kN-m)
Axial
(kN)
M2
(kN-m)
M3
(kN-m)
Axial
(kN)
M2
(kN-m)
M3
(kN-m)
Axial
(kN)
M2
(kN-m)
M3
(kN-m)
-961
-764
-1
-749
-556
-1
-241
-185
-185
-131
-22
169
-11
-169
-11
173
-4
-148
-198
191
-194
166
M3
(kN-m)
AT
M2
(kNm)
M3
(kN-m)
BB
M2
(kNm)
M3
(kN-m)
BT
M2
(kNm)
M3
(kNm)
Load
Combinations
Axial
(kN)
1.5(DL+LL)
-1803
-1424
-2
-1401
-1031
1.2(DL+LL+EQX)
-1252
204
-986
-204
-968
209
-711
-179
1.2(DL+LL-EQX)
-1199
-202
-959
202
-941
-206
-702
177
1.2(DL+LL+EQY)
-1226
-238
-972
-1
229
-954
-233
-707
-1
199
1.2(DL+LL-EQY)
-1226
238
-972
-1
-229
-954
233
-707
-1
-199
1.5(DL+EQX)
-1475
255
-1163
-255
-1140
261
-840
-224
1.5(DL-EQX)
-1409
-252
-1130
252
-1107
-258
-828
221
1.5(DL+EQY)
-1442
-297
-1146
-2
287
-1124
-291
-834
-2
249
1.5(DL-EQY)
-1442
297
-1146
-2
-287
-1124
291
-834
-2
-249
-898
254
-704
-254
-691
260
-506
-223
-832
-253
-671
253
-658
-259
-494
221
-865
-297
-688
-1
287
-674
-291
-500
-1
249
-865
297
-688
-1
-287
-674
291
-500
-1
-249
3.3
Axial
(kN)
Design Checks
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Axial
(kN)
Axial
(kN)
Example 3 /Page 25
Examples on 13920
3.3.2
Minimum reinforcement,
= 0.8 %.
= 0.8 x 400 x 500/100
2
= 1,600 mm
Pu = 1,475 kN
Mu2 = 255 kN-m
Pu
1475 10 3
=
= 0.37
f ck bD 20 400 500
M u2
f ck bD 2
255 10 6
= 0.16
20 500 400 400
Pu = 1,442 kN
Mu2 = 297 kN-m
Pu
1,442 10 3
=
= 0.36
f ck bD 20 400 500
M u2
f ck bD 2
297 10 6
= 0.15
20 400 500 500
= 4 x 400 x 500/100
Longitudinal Steel
= 8,000 mm2
Maximum reinforcement = 4%
Example 3 /Page 26
Examples on 13920
n = 1.0 +
0.42 0.2
(2.0 1.0) =1.367
0.8 0.2
M u2
M u 2,1
M
+ u3
M u 3,1
1.367
255
29.5
=
+
280
350
= 0.88 +0.04
1.367
Pu = 1,475 kN
Pu = 1,442 kN
= 18.33 mm < 20 mm
Pu
= 0.37 and p/fck= 0.143, and referring
f ck bD
to Charts 44 and 45 of SP: 16, we get
For
Mu
f ck bD 2
= 0.175
= 21.46 mm > 20 mm
Mu2 = 1,442 x 0.02146 = 31 kN-m
For
Pu
= 0.355 and p/fck= 0.143,
f ck bD
= 280 kN-m
M u 3,1 = 0.175 20 400 500 500 /(1 10 6 )
= 350 kN-m
Puz = 0.45fck Ac + 0.75fy Asc
(Clause 39.6 of IS 456:2000)
= 0.45fck Ag + (0.75fy-0.45 fck ) Asc
= 0.45 x 20 x 400 x 500 + (0.75 x 415
0.45 x 20) x 5,714
= 3,527 kN
Pu/Puz = 1,475 /3,527 = 0.42
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
= 0.18
= 288 kN-m
M u 3,1 = 0.18 20 400 500 500 / 1 10 6
= 360 kN-m
Puz = 3,527 kN
n = 1.35
Using the interaction formula
M u2
M u 2,1
M
+ u3
M u 3,1
31
=
288
1..367
297
+
360
1.367
= 0.0473 +0.7687
= 0.816 <1.00
Example 3 /Page 27
Examples on 13920
Hence, ok
3.5
Details of Longitudinal
Reinforcement
Load
Combination
AB
M2
M3
-1,424
255
-297
-1,803
Gravity
Critical
comb with -1,475
EQX
Critical
comb with -1,442
EQY
AT
M2
M3
BB
M2
-2
-1,401
-1,031
-1,163
-255
-1,140
261
-840
-224
-1,146
-2
287
-1,124
-291
-834
-2
249
M3
BT
M2
M3
Load
Comb
AB
Pu
f ck bD
AT
M2
2
f ck b D
Pu
f ck bD
BB
p
M2
2
f ck b D
Pu
f ck bD
BT
p
M2
2
f ck b D
Pu
f ck bD
M2
2
f ck b D
Gravity 0.45
0.00
0.8 -0.36
0.00
0.8
-0.35
0.00
0.8 0.26
0.00
0.8
Critical
comb
0.37
with
EQX
0.16
2.8 0.29
0.16
2.4
0.29
0.16
2.4 0.21
0.14
2.0
Load
Comb
Pu
f ck bD
Critical
comb
0.36
with
EQY
0.145
f ck bD
2.8 0.29
f ck bD
0.133
f ck bD
1.8 0.28
f ck bD
0.1455
f ck bD
2.2 0.21
BT
M3
f ck bD
0.124
p
2
1.6
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 3 /Page 28
Examples on 13920
Column AB
Longitudinal
Reinforcement
Reinforcement 10-25 +4-16
at A
Steel provided =
5,714 mm2 i.e.,
2.86%
Reinforcement 8-25+ 6-16
at B
Steel provided=
5,134 mm2 i.e.,
2.57%
500
10-25 # +
4-16 #
400
400
Reinforcement at A
Reinforcement at B
500
10-25# + 4-16# at A
8-25# + 6-16# at B
400
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 3 /Page 29
Examples on 13920
3.6
3.6.1
Vu =
1.4 (M u
bl
= 237 kN
3.6.3.2
Earthquake in Y-Direction
hst
1.4 (M u
V
V
br
u
+ Mu
br
= 291 kN
3.6.4
Design Shear
3.7.1
Details of Transverse
Reinforcement
Design of Links in X Direction
Vs = 237 181 = 56 kN .
= 1 .4
bl
hst
3.7
bl
hst
br
3.6.3.1
+ Mu
br
u
+ M
h st
bl
u
Example 3 /Page 30
Examples on 13920
3.7.2
3.7.3
Nominal Links
Confining Links
0.18 S h f ck
fy
Ag
A 1
k
= 336 x 436
= 1,46,496 mm2
Detailing Detailing as
as per
per
IS 456:
IS 456:
2000
2000
(Seismic
(Seismic
loads as loads as per
per R = 5)
R = 3)
Description
Detailing
as per
IS 13920:
1993
(Seismic
loads as per
R = 5)
Links (kg)
25
14
Main
(kg)
128
128
415
1,46,496
400 / 4 =100 mm
(b) But need not be less than 75 mm nor more
than 100 mm. (Clause 7.4.6 of IS 13920:1993).
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
steel
Column
needs to be
redesigned.
CAUTION
Examples on 13920
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 3 /Page 32
Examples on 13920
BT
600
B
BB
300
AT
600
A
300
300
AB
500
Y
Figure 4.1 Column location in elevation
Solution:
4.1
Load Combinations
Load
combinations
derived
from
recommendations of Clause 6.3.1.2 of
IS 1893(Part 1): 2002 and given in Table 1.4 of
Example-1 are considered for analysis.
4.2
Force Data
Examples on 13920
AB
Axial
(kN)
M2
(kN-m)
DL
-643
LL
-119
EQx
-50
EQy
270
AT
BB
BT
M3
(kN-m)
Axial
(kN)
M2
(kN-m)
M3
(kN-m)
Axial
(kN)
M2 (kNm)
M3
(kN-m)
Axial
(kN)
M2
(kN-m)
M3
(kN-m)
15
-513
-22
-502
-1
21
-372
-20
-93
-7
-93
-66
-7
108
-29
-112
-29
112
-14
-97
-112
191
97
191
-104
119
86
Load
Combinations
AB
P
kN
M2
kN-m
AT
M3 P
kN-m kN
M2
kN-m
BB
M3 P
kN-m kN
M2
kN-m
BT
M3 P
kN-m kN
M2
kN-m
M3
kN-m
1.5(DL+LL)
-1143
30
-909
-44
-893
-2
42
-657
-41
1.2(DL+LL+EQX)
-867
130
20
-678
-133
-29
-665
133
27
-483
-115
-26
1.2(DL+LL-EQX)
-747
-130
20
-609
136
-29
-596
-136
27
-449
118
-26
1.2(DL+LL+EQY)
-483
-115
-414
88
-401
-1
-98
-323
77
1.2(DL+LL-EQY)
-1131
154
-873
-145
-860
-1
152
-609
-129
1.5(DL+EQX)
-1040
162
23
-813
-167
-33
-797
167
32
-579
-144
-30
1.5(DL-EQX)
-890
-162
23
-726
170
-33
-710
-170
32
-537
147
-30
1.5(DL+EQY)
-560
-146
-483
113
-467
-2
-125
-380
99
1.5(DL-EQY)
-1370
191
-1056
-179
-1040
-2
188
-737
-159
-654
162
14
-505
-167
-20
-495
167
19
-356
-145
-18
-504
-162
14
-418
169
-20
-408
-169
19
-314
146
-18
-174
-155
-175
126
-165
-1
-137
-156
111
-984
182
-748
-165
-738
-1
175
-513
-147
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 4 /Page 34
Examples on 13920
4.3
Design Checks
4.3.1
= 1,200 mm2
(Clause 26.5.3.1 of IS 456: 2000)
Maximum reinforcement = 4%
(Limited from practical considerations)
= 4 x 300 x 500 / 100
= 6,000 mm2
(Clause 26.5.3.1 of IS 456: 2000)
4.4
4.4.1
Design of Column
Sample Calculation for Column
Reinforcement at AB End
Span, L = 3,000 mm
Pu = 1,040 kN
M u2
f ck bD 2
162 10 6
= 0.18
20 500 300 300
Short column.
Hence, ok.
p/fck = 0.185.
Mu2 = 191kN-m
4.3.3
Minimum reinforcement,
= 0.8 %.
= 0.8 x 300 x 500 /100
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Pu = 1,370 kN
Pu
1370 10 3
=
= 0.456
fckbD 20 300 500
M u2
f ck bD 2
191 10 6
= 0.127
20 300 500 500
Examples on 13920
p/fck = 0.12
Longitudinal Steel
= 3,130 kN
Pu/Puz = 1,040 / 3,130 = 0.33
n = 1.0 +
0.33 0.2
(2.0 1.0) =1.216
0.8 0.2
M u2
M u 2,1
M
+ u3
M u 3,1
1.216
162
20.8
=
+
180
300
= 0.88 + 0.039
1.216
Pu = 1,040 kN
Pu = 1,370 kN
= 15 mm > 20 mm
= 21.46 mm > 20 mm
Pu
= 0.347 and p/fck= 0.20, and referring
f ck bD
to Charts 44-45 of SP: 16 and we get
For
Mu
f ck bD 2
= 0.2
Pu
= 0.456 and p/fck = 0.20, Referring to
f ck bD
Chart 44 of SP: 16, we get
For
M u 2,1
f ck bD 2
= 0.18
= 180 kN-m.
M u 3,1 = 0.2 20 300 500 500 /(1 10 6 )
= 300 kN-m.
Puz = 0.45 fckAg + (0.75fy - 0.45fck) Asc
= 270 kN-m
M u 2,1 = 0.18 20 300 300 500 / 1 10 6
= 162 kN-m
Examples on 13920
M u 2,1
M
+ u3
M u 3,1
1.216
29.4
=
+
162
= 0.12 + 0.66
191
270
1.216
Details of Longitudinal
Reinforcement
AB
M2
M3
AT
M2
M3
BB
M2
M3
BT
M2
-1,143
30
-909
-44
M3
-893
-2
42
-657
-41
-1,040
162
22
-813
-167
-33
-797
167
32
-579
-144
-30
-1,370
191
-1,056
-179
-1,040
-2
188
-737
-159
AB
AT
p
Pu
f ck bD
f ck b 2 D
Gravity
0.39
Critical
comb
with
EQX
0.347
0.178
M2
BB
p
Pu
f ck bD
f ck b 2 D
0.80
0.30
0.03
3.7
0.27
0.18
M2
BT
p
Pu
f ck bD
f ck b 2 D
0.8
0.3
0.03
3.2
0.28
0.185
M2
Pu
f ck bD
f ck b 2 D
0.8
0.22
0.03
0.8
3.5
0.19
0.16
2.8
M2
Load
Comb.
Critical
comb
with
EQY
AB
M3
Pu
f ck bD
f ck bD
0.46
0.13
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
p
2
2.4
AT
M3
Pu
f ck bD
f ck bD
0.35
0.12
p
2
1.6
BB
M3
Pu
f ck bD
f ck bD
0.35
0.13
p
2
2.0
BT
M3
Pu
f ck bD
f ck bD
0.24
0.11
p
2
1.2
Example 4 /Page 37
Examples on 13920
Table - 4.6 Summary of reinforcement for column AB
Column AB
Longitudinal
Reinforcement
Reinforcement Details
Confining links: 10 # @ 85 c/c
Nominal links: 8 # @ 150 C/C
10-25 # +
2-16 #
500
500
12-25 #
300
Reinforcement at A
300
Reinforcement at B
Table -4.7 Tabulation of shear forces in column AB for different load combinations
AB
Load
Combination
AT
BB
BT
EQX
(kN)
EQY
(kN)
EQX
(kN)
EQY
(kN)
EQX
(kN)
EQY
(kN)
EQX
(kN)
EQY
(kN)
1.5(DL+LL)
-14
-29
-29
-27
1.2(DL+LL+EQX)
-9
-83
-18
-89
-18
-89
-17
-79
1.2(DL+LL-EQX)
-9
83
-19
90
-19
90
-18
81
1.2(DL+LL+EQY)
78
62
62
56
1.2(DL+LL-EQY)
-97
-99
-99
-92
1.5(DL+EQX)
-10
-104
-21
-111
-21
-111
-20
-98
1.5(DL-EQX)
-11
104
-22
112
-22
112
-21
101
1.5(DL+EQY)
99
80
80
72
1.5(DL-EQY)
-120
-123
-123
-113
-6
-104
-12
-111
-12
-111
-11
-99
-7
104
-14
112
-14
112
-13
100
103
88
88
80
-116
-114
-114
-105
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 4 /Page 38
Examples on 13920
300
12-25 # at A
10-20 # +2-16# at B
300
evaluated as
respectively.
238
kN-m and
180
kN-m,
Vu
= 1+
3Pu
=1.167 < 1.5
Ag f ck
hst
br
Mu bl
Mu
Vu
br
Vu
Mu + Mu
= 1.4
hst
bl
Vu =
Earthquake in X-Direction
1.4 (M u
bl
+ Mu
br
hst
Earthquake in Y-Direction
Examples on 13920
Vu
4.7.2
Vs = 176 123 = 53 kN
Spacing of 2 Legged 8 Links
hst
br
Mu
Vu
br
= 1.4 Mu
hst
Vu
Vu =
=
1.4 (M u
hst
br
Ash =
Design Shear
4.7.1
0.18 S h f ck
fy
Ag
A 1
k
= 176 kN.
4.7
Confining Links
1.4 (377 )
3
4.6.4
Nominal Links
Details of Transverse
Reinforcement
Design of Links in X Direction
Vs = 195 114 = 81 kN
415
1,05,600
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 4 /Page 40
Examples on 13920
c. 450 mm
Hence, ok.
CAUTION
10
Main steel
(kg)
132
132
Column
needs to be
redesigned.
Links (kg)
4.8
Example 4 /Page 41
Examples on 13920
Solution:
5.1. Preliminary Data
The joint of column marked in Figure 5.1 for Frame 2 is considered for design. The plan of the building and
the sectional elevation of a typical RC frame is shown in Figures 5.1 and 5.2.
C1
C2
C1
C1
C1
C3
C3
C3
C1
C1
C1
C2
B C1
C1
C3
C1
C C2
1
2
4
3
4
C2
500
600
Transverse
beam
300
300
Longitudinal beam
Section
500
300
300
400
Longitudinal beam
Plan
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V3.0
Example 5 /Page 42
Examples on 13920
Column Shear
The column shear is as explained below. (Refer
Figures 5.5 and 5.6 for sway to right and left
conditions respectively).
Vcol
T ra n s v e rs e b e a m 3 0 0 x 6 0 0
(5 -2 0 # + 4 -1 6 # - T o p s te e l
5 -1 6 # + 1 -2 0 # - B o tto m s te e l)
hst
Ms
Mh
500
1 0 -2 5 # + 4 -1 6 #
Vcol
400
Vcol = 1.4
L o n g itu d in a l b e a m 3 0 0 x 5 0 0
(4 -2 0 # + 5 -1 6 # - T o p s te e l
3 -2 0 # + 4 -1 6 # - B o tto m s te e l)
Joint Shear
Mh + Ms
hst
Vcol
hst
Mh
Ms
Vcol
Vcol = 1.4
Mh + Ms
hst
Vcol = 1.4 s
hst
377 + 246
= 1.4
= 291 kN
Force Developed in Beam Reinforcement
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 5 /Page 43
Examples on 13920
= bb + 0.5 x h
ii) bj = bc
MA T
Vcol
bb
T1 = A st x 1.25 fy
C2 = T2
Ms
Mh
C1 = T1
T = A st x 1.25 fy
2
Vcol
MAB
P
Sway to right
bc
Vcol
bj = bb + h/2
T2 = A st x 1.25 fy
Mh
C2 = T2
Ms
T = A st x 1.25 fy
1
Vcol
MAB
= 300 + 500 /2
= 550 mm
Or bj = bc = 400 mm
Take effective width as 400 mm.
P
Sway to left
T2 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
VJoint = T1 + C2 Vcol
= 1,231 + 684-291
= 1,624 kN
f ck Ac
Examples on 13920
5.4.1
Mu
f ck bD 2
Joint Shear
Vcol = 1.4 s
hst
288 + 221
= 1 .4
= 238 kN
= 0.19.
Mc T
Ms
Mh
considering
VJoint = T1 + C2 Vcol
= 1,173 + 905-238
= 1,840 kN
Mc B
5.4.2
P
Mc
bj = bb + h/2
= 300 + 400 /2 = 500
or bj = bc = 500 mm
Adopt lesser of the two values i.e. bj = 500 mm
h = Depth of column or full depth of beam
= 400 mm
Shear strength of joint not confined as per Clause
8.1.3 of draft revision (bc > bb on two opposite
faces ) of IS 13920:1993
Shear strength = 1.0
= 1.0 x
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
f ck Ac
Example 5 /Page 45
Examples on 13920
M
M
c
b
5.5
Revision
Example 5 /Page 46
Examples on 13920
-16 # + 8-20 #
= 978kN = C1
T2 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
600
considering
VJoint = T1 + C2 Vcol
Figure 5.11 Revised reinforcement details for
column and beams
= 978 + 638-244
= 1,372 kN
bj = bb + h /2
= 300 + 600 /2
= 300 + 600 /2
= 600 mm
= 600 mm
Or bj = bc = 600 mm
Or bj = bc = 600 mm
= 600 mm
Take bj = 600 mm
Take bj = 600 mm
Shear strength = 1.0
f ck Ac
= 1.0 x
= 1,610 kN 1,624 kN
Hence, ok.
f ck Ac
Hence, ok. .
M + Mh
Vcol = 1.4 s
hst
293 + 229
= 1 .4
= 244 kN
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 5 /Page 47
Examples on 13920
Ash =
10 0
0.18 S h f ck
fy
Ag
A 1
k
by hy
Assuming
h = longer dimension of the rectangular confining
measured to its outer face
bx
hx
b y 3 /4 h y
b x 3 /4 h x
600 / 4 = 150 mm
ii) But need not be less than 75 mm nor more than
100 mm.
(Clause 7.4.6 of IS 13920:1993)
fy
2,87,296
S = 80 mm
Provide 8 confining links @ 80 c/c in the joint.
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 5 /Page 48
Examples on 13920
Solution:
6.1 Preliminary Data
The joint of column marked in Figure 6.1 for Frame 2 is considered for design. The plan of the building and
the sectional elevation of a typical RC frame are shown in Figures 6.1 and 6.2.
C1
C2
C1
C1
C1
C3
C3
C3
C1
C1
C1
C2
B C1
C1
C3
C1
C C2
1
2
4
3
4
C2
500
600
T r a n s v e rs e
beam
300
300
L o n g itu d in a l
beam
S e c tio n
300
500
T ra n s v e rs e
beam
300
P la n
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 6 /Page 49
Examples on 13920
Column Shear
300
Vcol
hst
Mh
500
1 2-2 5 #
Vcol
300
Mh
Vcol = 1.4
hst
Figure 6.5 Column with sway to right
M
Vcol = 1.4 h
hst
377
= 1 .4
3
= 176 kN
Vcol
hst
Ms
Vcol
Ms
Vcol = 1.4
hst
Figure 6.6 Column with sway to left
VJoint
Figure 6.4 Joint shear
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
M
Vcol = 1.4 s
hst
286
= 1.4
3
= 133 kN
Example 6 /Page 50
Examples on 13920
Force Developed in Beam Reinforcement
= 801 kN.
Referring to Figure 6.4,
VJoint = T1 Vcol
= 1,231-176
T1 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
= 1,231 kN
The factor 1.25 is to account for the actual
ultimate strength being higher than the actual
yield strength (Draft revision of IS 13920:1993)
P
MA T
Vcol
i) bj
T1 = A st x 1.25 fy
C1 = T1
= bb + 0.5 x h
ii) bj = bc
Mh
300
Vcol
MAB
bb
Sway to right
Figure 6.7 Free body diagram of the joint
500
bc
MA T
Vcol
bj = bb + h/2
Ms
T = A x 1.25 fy
1
st
Vcol
MAB
= 300 + 500 /2
= 550 mm
bj = bc
= 300 mm
Sway to left
Figure 6.8 Free body diagram of the joint
Examples on 13920
f ck Ac
= 1.0 x
Mc T
Mb
Mc B
P
kN-m, respectively.
Column is reinforced with 10-25 + 4-16 bars
with total Asc = 5,714 mm2,
i.e., 5,714 x100 / (300 x 500) = 3.8%.
p/fck = 3.8 /20 = 0.19
Mu
f ck bD 2
= 0.235.
The ratio of
M
M
C2
VJoint
Figure 6.11 Joint shear
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 6 /Page 52
Examples on 13920
Shear due to formation of plastic hinges in
beams
The column shear is evaluated as below. Refer
Figures 6.12 and 6.13 for sway to right and left,
respectively.
Vcol
P
MA T
Vcol
T1 = A st x 1.25 fy
C2 = T2
Ms
T = A st x 1.25 f y
2
Vcol
MA B
hst
Mh
C1 = T1
Ms
Mh
Sway to right
Vcol
Vcol = 1.4
T1 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
Mh + Ms
hst
Vcol
= 742 kN = C2
P
hst
Mh
Ms
MA T
Vcol
T2 = A st x 1.25 f y
Vcol
Vcol = 1.4
Mh
C1 = T1
C2 = T2
T = A x 1.25 f y
Mh + Ms
hst
M + Mh
Vcol = 1.4 s
hst
247 + 180
= 1 .4
= 200 kN
st
Vcol
MA B
Sway to left
T1 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
= 1,432 x 1.25 x 415 /1,000
= 742 kN = C1
T2= Ast x 1.25 x fy
= 1,859 x 1.25 x 415 /1,000
= 964 kN = C2
Referring to Figure 6.11,
VJoint = T1 + C2 Vcol
= 964 + 742 - 200
= 1,506 kN
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Ms
Example 6 /Page 53
Examples on 13920
6.5.2
Ms
Mh
= 450 mm
bj = bc
= 500 mm
Mc B
Take bj = 450 mm
= 300 mm
bb
bc
= 1.0 x
f ck Ac
M
M
The ratio of
6.5 Revision
As can be seen from the checks in sections 6.4.2,
6.5.2 and 6.5.3, the joint is not safe. In such cases
the following three alternatives can be tried
separately or in combination.
i) Increase the column section so that the joint
area is increased. This will also reduce the main
longitudinal steel requirement in the column
owing to larger column size.
ii) Increase the size of the beam section. If this
option is adopted, it is advisable to increase depth
of the beam. This will reduce the steel required in
the beam and hence will reduce the joint shear. In
case of depth restriction on the beam, increase in
beam width can be considered if the difference
between the shear strength of joint and joint shear
is small.
iii) Increase the grade of concrete. This option
will increase the shear strength of joint and also
reduce the steel required in columns. It is
proposed to increase the column size from 300 x
500 to 400 x 500 and the beam depth from 600
mm to 750 mm and 500 mm to 600 mm for the
transverse and longitudinal beams respectively.
Member forces are taken as calculated earlier
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 6 /Page 54
Examples on 13920
3
= 173 kN
Max. force developed in the top bars, T1,
T1 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
= 1,859 x 1.25 x 415 /1,000
= 964 kN
Joint shear is calculated as
VJoint = T1 Vcol
= 964-173
= 791 kN
bJ = bb +h/2
= 300 + 500 /2
= 550 mm
or
bJ = bc
= 400 mm
Take bJ = 400 mm
h = full depth of column
= 500 mm
Shear strength = 1.0
300
f ck Ac
= 1.0 x
1 4 -2 0 #
500
L o ng itud ina l be a m 30 0 x 7 50
(6-16 # - T o p ste el
4 -1 6 # - B o tto m ste e l)
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 6 /Page 55
Examples on 13920
265 + 184
= 1.4
= 314 kN
100
T1 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
by hy
b y 3/4 hy
T2 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
= 804 x1.25 x 415 /1,000
= 403 kN = C2
VJoint = T1 + C2 Vcol
= 626 + 403 - 314
= 714 kN
(i)
(ii)
bJ = bb + h /2
= 300 + 500 /2
= 550 mm
or
bJ = bc
= 500 mm
Take bJ = 500 mm
Ash =
f ck Ac
0.18 x S h f ck
fy
Ag
fy
1,49,600
S = 112 mm
Provide 10 confining links @ 100 c/c in the
joint
.
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 6 /Page 56
Examples on 13920
Solution:
Preliminary Data
The joint of column marked in Figure 7.1 for Frame 2 is considered for design. The plan of the building and
the sectional elevation of a typical RC frame are shown in Figures 7.1 and 7.2.
C2
C1
C1
C1
C1
C3
C3
C3
C1
C1
C1
C2
B C1
C1
C3
C1
C C2
1
2
4
3
4
C2
5
4
6
4
500
600
Transverse
beam
300
300
Longitudinal beam
Section
Transverse
beam
500
300
300
400
Longitudinal beam
Plan
Design Data
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 7 /Page 57
Examples on 13920
T ra n s v e rs e b e a m 3 0 0 x 6 0 0
(7 -1 2 # - T o p s te e l
4 -1 2 # - B o tto m s te e l)
1 0 -1 2 # + 4 -1 6 #
hst
Ms
Mh
500
Vcol
Vcol = 1.4
400
L o n g itu d in a l b e a m 3 0 0 x 5 0 0
(6 -1 2 # - T o p s te e l
4 -1 2 # - B o tto m s te e l)
Mh + Ms
hst 2
hst
Mh
Ms
Vcol
Mh + Ms
hst 2
Vcol = 1.4
M + Mh
Vcol = 1.4 s
hst / 2
139 + 83
= 1 .4
3/ 2
= 207 kN
T1
Column Shear
T1 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
= 791 x 1.25 x 415 /1,000
= 410 kN = C1
The factor 1.25 is to account for the actual
ultimate strength being higher than the actual
yield strength (Draft revision IS 13920:1993)
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 7 /Page 58
Examples on 13920
T1 = A st x 1.25 fy
C2 = T2
Ms
C1 = T1
T = A st x 1.25 fy
bb
Mh
Vcol
MAB
P
Sway to right
bc
T2 = A st x 1.25 fy
Mh
C1 = T1
C2 = T2
Ms
T = A x 1.25 fy
1
st
Vcol
MAB
P
Sway to left
= 1.2 x
= bb + 0.5 x h
ii) bj = bc
f ck Ac
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 7 /Page 59
Examples on 13920
Pu
obtained
f ck bD
f ck bD
from different load combinations. Referring to
chart 44 of SP: 16, corresponding to
Pu
= 0 .00 at AB, p/fck = 0.05 and
f ck bD
d/D = (40 + 25 /2) / 500 = 0.105, we get
Mu
Mu
f ck bD
corresponding to actual
= 0.05.
= 235 kN = C2
6
considering
VJoint = T1 + C2 Vcol
= 352 + 235 -160
= 427 kN
Ms
MCB
= 500 mm
P
M
M
= 400 mm
bj = bc
= 500 mm
Vcol = 1.4 s
hst
105 + 66
= 1 .4
3/ 2
= 160 kN
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Take bj = 500 mm
Shear strength of joint not confined as per Clause
8.1.3 of draft revision of IS 13920:1993
Shear strength = 1.0
= 1.0 x
f ck Ac
Example 7 /Page 60
Examples on 13920
Pu
obtained
f ck bD
f ck bD
from different load combinations. Referring Chart
Pu
44 of SP: 16, corresponding to
= 0.00 at
f ck bD
AB, p/fck = 0.05 and d/D = (40 + 25/2) /400
= 0.13125, we get
Mu
Mu
f ck bD 2
corresponding to actual
= 0.05
500
400
Mc = 80 kN-m
M
M
Confining Links
In case of an internal joint like the one being
designed where beams frame into all vertical
faces of the joint, adequate confinement can be
assumed, if the beam width is at least 3/4 of the
column width and if no more than 100 mm of
column offset is exposed on either side of the
beams. (Draft revision of IS13920: 1993)
In this case the column dimensions are 400 x 500.
The width of the beam is 300 mm, which is less
than 3/4 width of column (i.e. 3/4 x 500 = 375
mm). The maximum column offset on either side
of the framing beam is (500 - 300) / 2 = 100 mm.
Hence, special confining reinforcement as per
provisions of Clause 7.4.6 and 7.4.8 of IS 13920:
1993 is required. (Refer Figure 7.12).
The spacing of hoops used as special confining
reinforcement shall not exceed:
(i)
(ii)
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 7 /Page 61
Examples on 13920
= (500 40 40 + 12 ) /2 + 10 x 2 +12
= 236 mm
or
100
Y
= (400 - 40 40 - 12 ) / 2 + 10 x 2 +12
by hy
= 186 mm
Ag = 400 x 500 = 2,00,000 mm2
Ak = (400 -2 x 40 + 2 x 10) x (500- 2 x 40
+ 2 x 10)
bx
hx
= 340 x 440
= 1,46,496 mm2
b y 3/4 hy
b x 3/4 hx
0.18 S h f ck
fy
Ag
A 1
k
fy
1,46,496
S = 116 mm
Provide 10 confining links @ 100 c/c in the
joint.
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 7 /Page 62
Examples on 13920
Solution:
Preliminary Data
The joint of column marked in Figure 8.1 for Frame 2 is considered for design. The plan of the building and
the sectional elevation of a typical RC frame are shown in Figures 8.1 and 8.2.
C2
C1
C1
C1
C1
C3
C3
C3
C1
C1
C1
C2
B C1
C1
C3
C1
C C2
1
2
4
3
4
C2
6
4
500
600
300
300
Longitudinal
beam
Section
300
500
Transverse
beam
300
Plan
Longitudinal
beam
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 8 / Page63
Examples on 13920
Column Shear
The column shear is evaluated as explained
below. (Refer Figures 8.5 and 8.6 for sway to left
300
Ms
hst
Vcol
4-16 # + 4-12 #
500
M
Vcol = 1.4 h s
st 2
Figure 8.5 Column with sway to left
300
Ms
Vcol = 1.4
hst / 2
83
= 1 .4
3/ 2
= 77 kN
Mh
hst
Vcol
Mh
Vcol = 1.4
hst 2
M
Vcol = 1.4 h
hst
121
= 1 .4
3/ 2
Vcol
T1
= 113 kN
Force Developed in Beam Reinforcement
Example 8 / Page 64
Examples on 13920
T1 = Ast x 1.25 fy
Mh
C1 = T1
i) bj
= bb + 0.5 x h
ii) bj = bc
bb
Vcol
MAB
P
Sway to right
T1 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
= 300 + 500 /2
= 550
= 352 kN
bj = bc
C1 = T1
= 300 mm
Ms
T = A x 1.25 fy
1
st
Vcol
MAB
bc
P
Sway to left
= 1.0 x
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
f ck Ac
20 x 300 x 500 /1,000
Example 8 / Page 65
Examples on 13920
Vcol = 1.4 s
hst / 2
67 + 52
= 1 .4
3/ 2
= 0.06.
= 111 kN
= 90 kN-m
Mc = 90 kN-m Mb = 121 kN-m
(Maximum moment of resistance of the beam is
considered)
hst
Ms
Mh
Vcol
Mh + Ms
hst 2
Vcol = 1.4
Mh
Mc B
hst
Mh
Ms
P
Figure 8.10 Check for strong column - weak
beam condition
M
The ratio of
M
Vcol = 1.4
Vcol
Mh + Ms
hst 2
T1
= 235 kN = C1
Force developed in bottom bars,
C2
T2 = Ast x 1.25 x fy
= 339 x 1.25 x 415 /1,000
VJoint
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 8 / Page 66
Examples on 13920
= 176 kN = C2
T1 = Ast x 1.25 fy
C2 = T2
Ms
C1 = T1
T2 =Ast x 1.25 fy
Mh
f ck Ac
= 1.0 x
MAB
Hence, ok.
(Clause 8.3 of IS: 13920 proposed draft)
P
Sway to right
T2 = Ast x 1.25 fy
Mh
C1 = T1
C2 = T2
bb
bc
Ms
T = Ast x 1.25 fy
1
Vcol
MAB
Sway to left
= 300 kN
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Pu
= 0.00 at AB, p/fck = 0.042 and
f ck bD
d/D = (40 +25 /2) / 300 = 0.175, we get
Mu
f ck bD 2
= 0.055.
Examples on 13920
Mb = 67 + 52 = 119 kN-m
(Maximum moment resistance is considered)
As per Figure 8.17, the joint is checked for strong
column - weak beam condition.
Ms
Mh
300
MCB
M
M
8.5 Re-design
As can be seen from the checks in sections 8.4.3
and 8.5.3, the joint is not safe. In such cases it is
recommended to either increase the column
section or the reinforcement or both so that Mc
is increased.
It is proposed to increase the reinforcement in the
column. Member forces are taken as earlier
without reanalysis of the structure. In practice the
structure may be reanalyzed.
The Mc required in the transverse direction is
121 x 1.1 = 133 kN-m and 1.1 x 119 = 131 kN-m
in longitudinal direction.
Hence, the required moment capacity for the
column is Mc = 133 kN-m in the transverse
direction and 131kN-m in the longitudinal
direction.
Using SP: 16, the steel required to get the above
moment capacity of the column is calculated as
2.4% steel. Hence, revise the main longitudinal
steel to 8-20 + 6-16 bars (3,718 mm2, 2.47%
steel).
The revised reinforcement details are
shown in Figure 8.18.
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
500
8-20 # + 6-16 #
The ratio of
300
100
Y
X
by hy
b y 3/4 hy
Example 8 / Page 68
Examples on 13920
300 / 4 = 75 mm
(ii) But spacing not be less than 75mm nor more
than 100 mm.
(Clause 7.4.6 of IS 13920:1993)
The area of cross section Ash of the bar forming
the rectangular hoop to be used as special
confining reinforcement shall not be less than
(Clause 7.4.8 of IS 13920:1993)
Ash =
0.18 S h f ck
fy
Ag
1
A
fy
1,05,600
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 8 / Page 69
Examples on 13920
(DL+LL)
Bending Moment
k
-577.5
1922.9
Shear Force
k
19.7
Earthquake
4830.9
255.7
699.1
S.No
Load Case
1.
2.
The problem and the solution have been adopted from Medhekar M S and Jain S K, Seismic Behavior and
Detailing of R C Shear Walls, part II: Design and Detailing, The Indian Concrete Journal, Vol. 67, No.8,
September 1993, 451-457.
4270
1200
Roof
1200
4270
1200
First
Floor
1200
Foundation
4140
76
tw=230
380
3380
SECTION
A-A
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 8 / Page 70
Examples on 13920
9.1 Solution:
The maximum factored bending moment on the
section, Mu = 1.2 (577.5 + 4830.9) = 6490
kNm. The maximum factored shear force, Vu
=1.2 (19.7 + 699.1) = 863 kN.
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 9 /Page 71
Examples on 13920
IITK-GSDMA-EQ22-V2.0
Example 9 /Page 72