Digest 8th Kyiv Security Forum

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8th Kyiv Security Forum
The opinions expressed in the summary report do not necessarily reflect

the positions of the Open Ukraine Foundation or its partners and donor
organizations. The speakers reported remarks have been edited for clarity and
may slightly differ from what was actually delivered.
Kyiv, 2015
All rights reserved.
CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..........................................................................................................4
FORUM AGENDA.......................................................................................................................5
WELCOME REMARKS ........................................................................................................... 13
EXPERTS FOCUS ..................................................................................................................... 16
DAY I
SESSION I
VALUES THAT BECOME DESTINY.
TIME FOR MOBILIZATION OF DEMOCRACIES ............................................................. 21
SESSION II
DEMOCRACY VERSUS AUTHORITARIANISM:
THE BATTLE IS NOT YOURS BUT OURS........................................................................... 26
SESSION III
SISYPHUS IN SECURITY: FOCUS ON USA ....................................................................... 30
DAY II
SESSION IV
WHILE CANNONS SOUND. UKRAINIAN REFORMS ON THE MARCH .................... 37
SESSION V
THE VALUES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION: LOSE ONE - LOSE THEM ALL .............. 43
SESSION VI
RUSSIAN GHOSTS OF THE PAST: REVISIONISM, DELUSION OR REBIRTH?.......... 49
DISCUSSION
THE OSCE AND RUSSIAS WAR AGAINST UKRAINE
A SURVIVAL TEST FOR EUROPEAN SECURITY ARCHITECTURE? ........................... 52
DISCUSSION
LOGIN: UKRAINE. PASSWORD: SECURITY. SIGNING UP TO NATO ......................... 57
CONCLUDING REMARKS .........................................................................................................
SUMMARIZING SECURITY: TASKS WE FACE AND SHARE.......................................... 61
MEDIA FOCUS ......................................................................................................................... 67
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Arseniy Yatsenyuk Open Ukraine Foundation would like to sincerely thank
all the institutions and individuals, who contributed to the success of the 8th
Kyiv Security Forum.
We would like to express our appreciation to the partners of the 8th Kyiv
Security Forum Chatham House (United Kingdom) and the Friedrich Ebert
Foundation for support and cooperation.
We would like also to express our deep gratitude to our financial partners:
Victor Pinchuk Foundation, an international, private, non-partisan,

philanthropic foundation based in Ukraine for its key financial support,
The Black Sea Trust for Regional Cooperation, which is a project of the
German Marshall Fund of the United States of America for its financial
support and the many years of fruitful cooperation in organizing Kyiv
Security Forums,
NATO Information and Documentation Centre in Ukraine for its support

of the Kyiv Security Forum project and its youth initiatives.
We would like also to acknowledge gratefully the valuable deliberations and

comments of our moderator David Eades, as well as all the speakers and
participants in this event.
We are furthermore extending our gratitude to our media partners the
Ukrainian information agencies Ukrinform and Interfax, online-media EMPR,
Defense Express, Black Sea News, newspaper and magazine KyivPost, to
our radio partner Radio Liberty, to our TV partners Faktor Bezpeky, UTR,
UA: , and to our main media-partner TV channel Espreso-TV for
their information and media support.
We are very grateful to Sofia Atlantova and Oleksandr Klymenko for presenting
their exhibition of icons from the weapon boxes during the 8th Kyiv Security
Forum.
We also would like to recognize the support of:
Fairmont Grant Hotel Kyiv
AGENDA
NO SECURITY WITHOUT VALUES
(THE 29TH STORY OF FREEDOM)
May 28-29, 2015
Fairmont Grand Hotel Kyiv
1, Naberezhno-Khreschatytska Str., yiv, Ukraine
10
11
12
Arseniy YATSENYUK
Prime Minister of Ukraine
From the OPENING SPEECH
Kyiv Security Forum has always been an important platform to discuss security
issues in Europe and worldwide.
Now, as Russia invaded our territory, we devote our meeting to the current security
challenges in the region.
The war waged by Russia against Ukraine is definitely not a local conflict.
In 1994, having signed the Budapest memorandum, Ukraine received guarantees
from a number of states, including the aggressor state, Russia, of our territorial
integrity and independence.
We relinquished one of the biggest nuclear arsenals in the world.
As a result, Russia with the illegal annexation of Crimea and invasion of Donetsk
and Luhansk, has totally undermined the nuclear nonproliferation system.
Is Russia fighting just with Ukraine? They fight against the free world, our values
and democracy.
This is a war between the past and the future. Ukraine has already lost 7 000 civilians
and Ukrainian military and 20% of its economy. This tragedy is a result of Putins
decision to restore the Soviet Union and his desire to see himself as one of the key
global players. But this is not the way to receive a seat at the table as a global leader.
Ukraine is not alone and we appreciate the efforts of the EU, Germany, France and
the US to support Ukraine. We definitely need to have unity between the EU and
the US, and we definitely need the EU to retain their unity on sanctions. We should
remember that President Putin will do everything to escalate the situation in
Ukraine, using all available tools and means: military and economic. We have to be
also aware that Russia may further instigate social and political tensions in Ukraine.
Given that Ukraine strongly needs further diplomatic and financial support. It is
impossible to go back to business as usual with Russia. We failed to make Russia
to pay the price when Kremlin invaded Georgia in 2010. Also in 2010, in Bucharest,
13
Ukraine and others failed to receive membership action plan with NATO, and Russia
got the signal that no one is there to protect either Ukraine or Georgia, nor the rest
of the post-Soviet republics who may decide to move closer towards European
integration.
We are not allowed to fail this time.
We do understand that the Minsk deal is definitely not the best solution, but there
is no alternative. So, on these terms, Ukraine is to enforce and implement this deal.
There are three key preconditions for making the Minsk agreements reality: the
first task is for Russian forces to be pulled back from Ukrainian territory; the second
one is Russia to stop the supply of heavy artillery and weapons to Eastern Ukraine;
and the third one is to seal the Russian-Ukrainian border.
Ukraine is not asking for offensive weapons, but requires new defensive potential.
If you support Ukraine in making our military more capable, we will be able to
defend our borders and the EU borders.
Speaking about financial and economic aspects, we send a clear message to the
European and American partners: Ukraine has strong potential and enormous
capacity. We truly appreciate that together with our partners we ensured that
Ukraine would receive about $25 billion of IMF support in the coming 4 years.
We are not begging for the credits and loans - we ask the foreign partners to jump
in with the real investment. You are going to make profits; we are going to put our
economy back on track.
If you are not ready to put your military boots on Ukrainian ground, then put your
business shoes on our ground. And we will succeed together.
Ukrainians are very determined and committed to protecting our country, to
reform our country, and to make Ukraine a full-fledged member of the EU family.
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CAMERA FOCUS
15
EXPERT FOCUS
WELCOMING REMARKS
EUROPE SHOULD BE ALL FOR
UKRAINE, THEN UKRAINE WILL BE
ALL FOR EUROPE
The core purpose of this forum is, you all know,
to mobilize democracies to protect the values
and freedoms of the system of governance
which is implicitly embodied in democracy.
Robin NIBLETT
Director, Chatham House,
Great Britain
It is clear to me that the vision of creating a

free society is not one the Russian government
shares. Russia`s leaders have shown different
paths to the future, where personal freedoms,
political institutions, economic actors, the
media and citizens are subjugated to central
power.
In my opinion, the Russian government`s vision for its people does not give
them the right to impose the same vision on the Ukrainian people. Yet it
appears that Russia sees in Ukraine`s freedom a danger to its own security, that
the rule of law and a transparent economy would be a disadvantage to Russia
and that would somehow destabilize Russia politically.
We need to make investments in alliances, in our solidarity with our partners
for those kinds of military deterrence we are able to apply. We also need to
think about the resilience of the state in the future. This means focusing on
energy security, cyber security, police forces, border control, rules for media
ownership, and funding of political parties. Decisions taken in the final weeks
or months we will be pivotal for Ukraine. Europe should be all for Ukraine, then
Ukraine will be all for Europe.
16
TODAY IT MIGHT BE HERE IN KYIV

THAT THE IDEA OF A WHOLE
AND FREE EUROPE WILL
STAND AND NOT FALL
GMF is proud to support KSF for the seventh
year in a row. We do so not only because
we believe in the quality of this event, but
because for us it is a way of showing a concrete
commitment towards Ukraine`s Euro-Atlantic
path. This is a time of great uncertainty, and
the German Marshall Fund will keep working
to strengthen the Transatlantic relationship
and to power the idea of larger Euro-Atlantic
community of peace and prosperity. In our
eyes Ukraine is an integral part of that EuroAtlantic family.
Bruno LETE
Senior Program Officer for
Foreign and Security Policy,
The German Marshall Fund
of the United States
This is an important event here at the Kyiv Security Forum, where politicians and
leading thinkers from both sides of the Atlantic can meet, talk, and brainstorm
together. This is where the dots of networking connect and solutions can be
found to the political challenges of today and tomorrow.
The Russian war in Georgia in 2008, the illegal annexation of Crimea of 2014,
and continuing conflict in the Donbass region have undermined these values,
values that govern the European security architecture. The direct seizure of
sovereign territory in Europe has not been witnessed since the end of World
War II. The conflict with Russia not only poses a threat to the sovereignty of
Ukraine, but also destabilizes Eastern Europe. Therefore significant responses
are needed not only from Ukraine, but also from all of us regionally.
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SPECIAL ADDRESS
WE WILL BUILD FREE, INDEPENDENT
UKRAINE WHICH WILL HAVE
PROSPECTS OF MEMBERSHIP
IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Petro POROSHENKO
President of Ukraine
More than a year Ukraine lives under conditions

of annexation of the Crimea, under conditions
of aggression by the Russian Federation in the
East. More than a year we faced challenges
that were aimed at destroying our country.
Today we got another reason to be convinced
that the aggressor needs the entire Ukraine
weak, destabilized, with discredited European
values, discredited European ideas.
Over a year ago we stood up in defense of our

motherland. Ukraine has demonstrated a unique volunteering movement. Up
to 80% of the Ukrainian population in one way or another found a possibility
to support the defense of the country.
The warfare combat against our country was joined by not only so called
detached with the arms from retail stores, but the regular troops of the
Russian Federation the largest military machine on the continent that has
considerable combat experience. Even then Ukraine has withstood. We
took hold because we have high fighting spirit. We withstood because we
immediately started to build an army. We stood because very quickly we
managed to create very strong pro-Ukrainian coalition in the world.
Never the European Union has taken a decision by consensus of all 28
member-states. But Europe has proved its viability and effectiveness. And
as early as in March, the consensus of 28 countries was reached for the first
time to support a historical decision regarding the sanctions for defense of
Ukraine after annexation of the Crimea. And already after a few days passed,
the UN General Assembly adopted a historical decision which condemned
Russia as an aggressor due to the annexation of the Crimea. And immediately
after that, after I signed in Brussels the final Association Agreement, at the
European Council the 28 member-states adopted a new chapter regarding
the aggression against Ukraine in the East. It means that the world is looking
persistently, looking for new forms how to ensure security in the world.
18
What are we supposed to do? We have to put Russia to the negotiating table.
We have to achieve the pullout of troops. We have to achieve closure of borders
under monitoring and verification of the OSCE. It would be preferred to have
peacekeepers and European police forces for this purpose.
We will implement reforms that would ensure economic growth even in 2016.
We will fight corruption with more determination. We will build the independent
judicial branch of power, where everyone can find protection of their violated
rights. We will fulfill the de-tycoonization program. We will act more assertively
in implementing de-monopolization of the country. The investment climate
will be accompanied by deregulation. We will build free, independent Ukraine
which will have prospects of membership in the European Union, that will
meet criteria in order to submit an application for the membership.
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VIDEO ADDRESS
TODAY, UKRAINE IS FIGHTING NOT
ONLY FOR ITS OWN FREEDOM - IT
IS DEFENDING INTERNATIONAL
VALUES TOO
You are all heroes because you fight for your
freedom, for your freedom of choice, for
the peaceful and prosperous future of your
country and, of course, that of entire Europe.
Seventy years after World War II we again see
attempts to divide Europe and undermine
Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE the sovereignty and territorial integrity
of independent states. Members of the
President of Lithuania
international community cannot remain silent
and allow violations of universally agreed
principles and values. Today, Ukraine is fighting not only for its own freedom.
It is defending international values too. It reminds us of our duty to maintain,
cherish, and defend the right of each state to freedom, self-determination and
territorial integrity, and the right to choose alliances and peaceful development.
I wish all of us peace and for Ukraine to maintain unity, courage and wisdom.
20
SESSION I. VALUES THAT BECOME DESTINY. TIME FOR

MOBILIZATION OF DEMOCRACIES
The unraveling of the international system: Vienna, Versailles, Yalta.

Kyiv next?
Values and principles as a foundation for foreign policy
IF ESTONIA DIDNT BELONG TO

NATO AND THE EUROPEAN UNION,
WE WOULD BE JUST A SMALL
COUNTRY BETWEEN TWO LARGE
STONES, AND IF THE STONES
MOVED FOR SOME REASON, WE
WOULD BECOME NOTHING
In the beginning of 1990s, there was a sincere
belief among many that the nations of
Europe were finally free to decide and act by
themselves.
Eiki NESTOR
The collapse of a repressive regime does not in President, Parliament

itself make possible an open society. Moving in of Estonia
that direction requires a change of course and
a long-term commitment. Sometimes you need to even do unpopular things.
The promise not to use military force against another country does not cost
anything if it is in conflict with that regime.
The open world is democratic, has respect for people, in its freedom
acknowledges both victories and losses. In the closed world there are only
victories. These victories are used to convince people into believing that those
who are of a different mind must be enemies. If you remember such a thing like
homosovieticus they just have enemies.
We know a lot of politicians in Europe who do not want to use the word war.
Ok, if it is not war, then it is no peace. If we can say nowadays openly that in
Ukraine is in a war, then this war in Ukraine is also no peace between open
and closed societies, between democracies and autocratic regimes, between
free media and brainwashing, between free, happy people and between those
who are slaves. Let me finalize with one sentence from my favorite artist and
musician Frank Zappa. He said: You mind is like a parachute it works better if
you open it.
21
THERE IS NO WAY THAT THE

EUROPEAN UNION TODAY,
TOMORROW, OR WHENEVER IN THE
FUTURE COULD ACCEPT THIS TYPE
OF RUSSIAN POLICY
Andrej PLENKOVIC
Head, European
Parliaments Delegation
to EU-Ukraine Association
Committee; Member of
European Parliament,
Croatia
I think that our task, of the European Union

and European Parliament, is first of all to stick
to the values of the international order that
we have been building for the last 70 years.
In 2014 with the attempt by a permanent
member of the UN security council to formally
annex territory of a neighboring state, thus
violating not only all international documents,
whether they are the USA Charter or OSCE
or major bilateral documents, 24 and 27
bilateral memorandums and treaties - it is
completely unacceptable. There is no way
that the European Union today, tomorrow, or
whenever in the future could accept this type
of policy.
At the same time, you are undertaking the incredibly demanding task of
working on the European reform agenda. The Association Agreement was
actually ratified in the Rada and the European Parliament in the middle
of September, basically in the middle of this most difficult conflict. That
is something unprecedented. I think we should encourage those having
completed the internal procedures for membership, some still pending, to
finish what has been started.
Another aspect which is also important is from longer term European
perspective. The treaty is very clear. Article 49 says any European state may
request membership. The commission, the member states, the institutions
need to respect the key element which actually was at the heart of the start
of the conflict last year, and that is that you have exercised your free will as a
nation to choose your own direction.
22
THE ONLY EFFECTIVE WAY TO STOP

THE CONFLICT OF RUSSIA WITH
EUROPE IS TO SURROUND RUSSIA
WITH SUCCESSFUL EUROPEAN-TYPE
DEMOCRACIES, STARTING WITH
UKRAINE
If Europe fails in Ukraine, Lithuania will be the
next arena; that is very simple. Europe again is
facing real possibility of a war on the European
continent. An ongoing conflict between Russia
and continental Europe is still not resolved, Andrius KUBILIUS
and all of us are witnessing a new stage of that
conflict, which is the reason why Ukraine is Member of Parliament of
suffering military aggression. Why do we see Lithuania, Prime Minister
such a conflict? It is because Russia is still not of Lithuania (1999-2000;
a European country, is not a democracy, is not 2008-2012)
living with European values. Europe needs to
find a way to assist Russia to become a normal, European country which is able
to live in peace with its neighbors. The only effective way is to surround Russia
by successful European-type democracies, starting with Ukraine.
The only way which Europe in such a situation can assist Russia to overcome its
imperial past and to overcome the conflict is to assist Ukraine, to assist Ukraine
to become a normal, successful European country. Europe has to have strong
and most effective instruments to assist Ukraine implement needed reforms
and, of course, that is the promise of membership of Ukraine.
Unfortunately, the main element of the western communitys strategy towards
Russia is still very simple and very wrong: Lets not provoke Russia. It is exactly
such a weak Western strategy that is provoking Russia to move forward with its
aggression. So, first of all, lets stop provoking Russia with our weakness.
23
NATO WILL NEVER ACCEPT OR

RECOGNIZE THE ANNEXATION OF
CRIMEA
If Ukraine fully embraces reform - political,
economic and defense reforms then, with
the support of NATO and the rest of the
international community, Ukraine will be able
to withstand the ongoing pressure from Russia
and have a better future.
Russia`s illegal and illegitimate annexation of
Alexander VERSHBOW Crimea marked the first time since the Second
World War that one European nation took a
section of another one by force. By doing so,
Russia has undermined years of work by the
international community to shape a Europe
that is whole, united and in peace. NATO will never accept or recognize the
annexation of Crimea.
NATO Deputy Secretary
General (video conference)
Russia`s aggressive actions in Ukraine are only one part of the broader picture
of its destabilizing behaviour that threatens the sovereignty, territorial integrity
of its neighbours, being violations of the commitments Russia made in early
1990s.
NATO stands very firm and pledges to protect our allies against any threat, and
we are implementing the biggest reinforcement of our collective defences
since the Cold War. So, we are putting NATO into a position of strength which
we think is the best way to protect our allies, the best way of engaging with
Russia, and for supporting our partners, partners like Ukraine.
We have made a sustained effort to make Ukraine stronger, more resilient and
better able to defend itself. And at the summit in Wales last year we agreed to
create trust funds, five trust funds to support Ukraine in areas like command
and control, and cyber defence. Our advisors are working with Ministry of
Defence and the General Staff to develop projects under these trust funds.
They are looking into what further reforms could make the defence of Ukraine
more effective.
We hear some arguements that reform cannot be implemented during this
conflict, but that is not right. Wartime is a period when a military must be at
their best; if reform is needed for Ukraine`s armed forces to be effective, that
reform must happen now.
24
CAMERA FOCUS
25
SESSION II. DEMOCRACY VERSUS AUTHORITARIANISM: THE

BATTLE IS NOT YOURS BUT OURS
Security, political and diplomatic implications of Russias aggression

against Ukraine
Crime and punishment: how to contain the aggressor
NO NEED TO PACIFY AN
AGGRESSOR, BUT TO STOP HIM!
Oleksandr TURCHYNOV
We witness an attempt to destroy the world

order, the security system, which were
achieved so hard following the World War II.
Russia wants to legalize her right to solve any
issue with force. We must say frankly: both
annexation and capture of the Crimea, and the
war in the East of our country this is not some
kind of improvisation. These actions have been
prepared systematically and aggressively.
The war of Russia has taken a colossal toll on us.

Its not only about loss of enterprises, of huge
assets private, public this is also a stoppage
of many flagships of our economy. It includes
an impudent dismantling and move-out to the
Russian Federation the prominent Ukrainian enterprises of industrial defense
sector. However, the most important for us loss of lives of our citizens.
Secretary, National
Security and Defense
Council of Ukraine
However in a very short period of time we managed to resume the combat

efficiency of our army, renew and start reforming the security agencies, and
Putins plans of a very quick victory in the east were destroyed.
Russia continues to concentrate arms, military equipment on temporarily
occupied territories of Ukraine. All this goes to show that Russia does everything
to torpedo the Minsk Agreements and it will take Russia a moment to resume
war efforts. No need to pacify an aggressor, but to stop him. And we insist on
this. The policy of appeasement of an aggressor or annoyance of Putin so far
did not give and cannot give the effect.
However, the problem of confrontation with Russia today its not only
Ukraines problem. It cannot be solved solely by our country. This is a question
that should be on the agenda of all countries, responsible for the future of
their nations. And only by combining collective efforts, its possible to restore
a paradigm of peaceful development in Europe. We have to speak about
armament preparation for Ukraine with modern military equipment.
26
RUSSIAN AGGRESSION AGAINST

UKRAINE IS NOT ONLY IN THE
MILITARY ARENA, MILITARY FIELD,
BUT ALSO IT IS A BATTLE OF
LANGUAGE
Democracy is associated with a free news media,
autoritarism means the lack of freedom, there
are many who want to limit this media. Last year,
in my country, and especially in the Baltic states
like Latvia and Estonia, Russian hackers attacked
this institution of democratic states, in the last Ryszard CZARNECKI
days Islamic hackers attacked one of the most
important television stations in Western Europe. Vice Chairman, European
These attacks on state institutions and on media Parliament; Minister for
European Integration of
have happened to different EU countries.
Poland (1997-1999)
I think Russia has effective propaganda, not
only in Russia but also in parts of the Eastern Partnership countries, but also,
frankly speaking, in Western Europe, maybe not in my country, Poland. Russian
TV channels broadcast a very common message - Russia is not involved in the
Ukrainian conflict.
What should we do? It is time the European Union decided about creating, building
a counter to the Russian media, especially in Eastern partnership countries, which
can answer this Russian propaganda. In my opinion, this Russian aggression
against Ukraine is not only in the military arena, military field, but also it is a battle
of language. I think we need a very strong European answer.
27
IT IS TRULY AMAZING HOW THE

PEOPLE OF UKRAINE HAVE DONE
SO WELL IN THESE INCREDIBLY
DIFFICULT TIMES
James BEZAN
Parliamentary Secretary
of the Minister of Defense
of Canada
If you think back, who would have thought

that a peaceful protest could oust a kleptokrat
like Yanukovych and chase away the entire
regime? To stand up with an army to take on
one of the greatest military powers in the
world? To see the illegal annexation of Crimea
by president Putin and his regime? It is truly
amazing how the people of Ukraine have done
so well in these incredibly difficult times. We
have to confront Putin and his regime.
Lets talk about the entire situation from the

military point of view. Canada has provided
$27 million of military equipment. We are making sure that the soldiers in
Eastern Ukraine have cold weather clothing, necessary equipment, and now
we are committing over two hundred solders to be here along with the United
States to train Ukrainian soldiers. That training is going to be critical in making
sure that they can function in a battle-ready level. We have provided over $6
million in investments here.
28
RUSSIAN REGIME HAS EXHAUSTED

THE RESOURCES FOR LIVING IN A
PEACE MODEL
In fact, the West misinterpreted, misunderstood
the whole phenomena of the collapse of the
Soviet Union and what followed after the
collapse...Its about the fact that the system, the
state, the regime has exhausted the resources
for living in a peace model.
Look at China or Iran or others and they are
looking very closely to see if Russia will or Liliya SHEVTSOVA
will not find the red line. So, this is about an
authoritarian revisionist alliance, awaiting Senior Fellow, Brookings
the Russian test. What they are trying to test Institution, USA
now in Russia is the principle of the model of
peaceful coexistence.
50% of Russians are now being infected by this military, patriotic propaganda
injected with this drug. My hope is with the Russian elite, totally corrupted,
probably no other elite in the post -Soviet States that is thinking only about its
only interest, my hope is with this elite. This is because firstly they cannot build
a totalitarian regime, these people no. Secondly, this elite, these people living
in the West, they would like to isolate Russia, but not to close Russia and have
it turn into a North Korea, which gives you a powerful instrument to influence
our elite.
The question is: why are you not using it? Maybe because Russians have
succeeded in creating a powerful lobbyist network, because there are so many
failures. We all fail, Russians have failed inside of Russia, the West has failed
to predict and to deal with that. It is the Ukrainian people, this nation by its
readiness to sacrifice, by its struggle for dignity, has awakened everybody, not
only us, but awaken the West, and you have forced the West to think about its
principles. So, my hope is with you.
29
SESSION III. SISYPHUS IN SECURITY: FOCUS ON USA
The USAs capacity to take on global leadership
The role of the USA in international structures
How co-operation between the USA and Ukraine can strengthen

Europe
I BELIEVE IN A SECURITY
NETWORK BASED ON VALUES AND
SOLIDARITY
My point has always been that the policy
towards Ukraine, of course EU policy, should
be based on two simple principles: it is about
solidarity and engagement. Now we have an
absolutely unique situation we have been
enjoying a real European solidarity and at
least visibility. I also have to say there is a really
visible, consistent, and comprehensive EU
Pavlo KLIMKIN
policy towards Russia, at least tactically at the
Minister for Foreign Affairs moment, in the sense of keeping pressure on
Russia. The sanctions make Russia understand
of Ukraine
what is at stake. We also have this unique
transatlantic solidarity with a clear understanding that Russia has broken rules,
legally binding rules, politically binding rules, just to mention the Budapest
memorandum here.
I believe in a security network based on values and solidarity. Solidarity should
be based only on values, because here in Ukraine, weve been fighting not just
for Donbas for Ukraine, but for values.
Talking about security now from a Ukrainian perspective, we normally
concentrate on hot security. For me, security is not about playing with hot, soft,
or smart security, but about being able to produce clear rules, about being able
to defend those rules, and about imposing an effective mechanism to restore
these rules, return to the status quo, to a situation where no one is afraid of
breaking the rules.
30
UKRAINE IS ACTUALLY FIGHTING

A BATTLE FOR ALL OF US: FOR
ALL OTHER STATES, NATIONS,
SOVEREIGN STATES IN THE REGION
Poland is an important EU member state and
we would like to see a strong Europe. A strong
Europe means a Europe very authoritative and
able to act. It does not mean necessarily deeper
integration. It means integration enabling
member states to face all the challenges we see.
In 2007 it was already absolutely visible as to
what kind of policy Russia is going to maintain;
it was clearly written in Russian documents.
Many of the big players, the current big players,
are just trying to avoid this obvious truth.
Truth, that the Georgian war was a war urged
by the Russian Federation against Georgia, not
Georgian-Russian conflict.
Anna FOTYGA
Chair of the Subcommittee
on Security and Defence of
the European Parliament,
Member of the European
Parliament, Minister for
Foreign Affairs of Poland
(2006-2007)
It was just half a year after September, 2008,

when we once more started military cooperation with Russia, when we
adopted a dialogue to which we invited Russia. This was in spite of maneuvers
with a clearly set nuclear threat against Warsaw going on at that time.
Currently Ukraine is actually fighting a battle for all of us: for all other states,
nations, sovereign states in the region.
31
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE UNITED

STATES AND THE EUROPEAN
UNION MAINTAIN THE ECONOMIC
SANCTIONS ON RUSSIA
Steven PIFER
In terms of economic and social support, the

United States and Europe are working with
the International Monetary Fund to shape
a very important program for Ukraine, but
I would also say that there is a need for the
European Union to go beyond that, and that
additional financial assistance for Ukraine may
be necessary.
Senior Fellow, Director,

Arms Control Initiative,
Brookings Institution, USA
There are other steps the United States should

take. The United States is doing something
in terms of military support; 300 hundred
American troops are training the Ukrainian
national guard, and we are looking at military assistance which should mainly
be non-lethal.
It is going to be important that the United States and the European Union
maintain the economic sanctions on Russia and be prepared to increase those
sanctions if there is a renewed offensive in the east or if Moscow is not doing
its part to implement the terms of the Minsk-2 agreement. Economic sanctions
have a very significant impact on the Russian economy. They have not yet
achieved their political objectives, which is a change in Russia`s political
course, but as long as the sanctions continue to apply, the economic pain in
Russia increases.
For the US, if you look at foreign policy issues, there is not only Ukraine. There
is ISIS, Iraq, Syria, the Iran nuclear program, China. There has been a desire for
trying to encourage Europe to take the lead on this. This is not just Obama`s
vision, this goes back to the George W. Bush administration, and even to the
Clinton administration, a desire to see Europe play a political role combined
with its economic aid.
32
I DONT BELIEVE THERE IS ANY

SUBSTITUTE FOR AN ENGAGEMENT
OF US POLICY IN ITS WILLINGNESS
TO EXERCISE ROBUST LEADERSHIP
The fact is that the crisis in Ukraine has created
a highly destabilized situation in Europe, one
which impacts all of us. It is not only affecting
Ukraine, but also impacting the region and
the world at large. There is truly a vital need to
undertake sustained policies which will ensure
that Ukraine is able to pursue its own path, and
also to make its own choices.
Paula DOBRIANSKY
Under Secretary of State

We know that Ukraine has to succeed in
for Democracy and Global
its reforms in boosting its economy and
Affairs (2001-2009), USA
eradicating corruption, and also in dealing
(video conference)
with aggression on its eastern borders. The
United States has a key role to play; Ukraine matters greatly. It is imperative
that we have to remain engaged in supporting Ukraine. A Western-oriented
Ukraine is very important economically and politically.
The crisis in Ukraine does underscore that the end of the Cold War, the collapse
of the Soviet Union and the creation of numerous European political, economic,
and security institutions has not rendered Europe immune to new security
and political challenges. Instead European institutions as we know them have
been strained coping with these problems, especially in domestic issues. It has
been issues of slow economic growth, political fragmentation. These issues are
complicated and they are in the forefront of many European countries.
So, the US must lead. I dont believe there is any substitute for an engagement
of US policy in its willingness to exercise robust leadership. Our role is
indispensable. Currently I think that there are a number of areas where our
efforts have policy support issues. Starting with the fact we know that Ukraines
future is very much impacted by its need for economic growth, the need for
political unity, and also international support to achieve stability, and security,
and end aggression against it. In all the areas that have been addressed here,
Ukraine can advance and make progress.
33
THE BIGGEST CONTRIBUTION

WE CAN MAKE BETWEEN CIVIL
SOCIETIES IN THE UNITED STATES
AND UKRAINE IS IN BUILDING A
KNOWLEDGE BASE
The war that you see now is a war about
values. The values that you stand for are the
values of the West, the values of United States,
and the expectation of United States is that we
do more than simply reassure our other allies.
Matthew ROJANSKY
Director, Kennan Institute,
Woodrow Wilson
International Center for
Scholars
The US has to do something to signal our real

commitment to you but I understand that
what we are doing isnt enough, and I am
going to take that message back to US.
I am seeing the emergence of new institutions

in Ukraine that are coming from beyond the
world of government, and beyond the world of big business. There are unions,
new educational institutions, university faculties, whole new approaches to
education, and even entrepreneurial approaches to getting things done that
government otherwise would not have done. I think more engagement by the
United States is needed in those areas.
The biggest contribution we can make between the civil societies in the
United States and Ukraine is in building a knowledge base. Im consistently
surprised on how little Americans know about Ukraine, and so we should not
be surprised when there are misconceptions about realities in Ukraine, and
about the Ukraine-Russia relationship.
34
FIRST DAY SUMMING-UP REMARKS

CURRENT CRISES IS NOT
SOMETHING THAT IS LIMITED
TO UKRAINE, THAT IS A
BROADER ISSUE, A BROADER
CONFRONTATION THAT RUSSIA HAS
UNLEASHED - IT HAS IMPLICATIONS
FOR EUROPE AND WORLD ORDER
There are two observations I have made
here today. And both of these are formed by
the place where I am sitting and this is the
Western capital, Berlin, Germany. Obviously Joerg FORBRIG
the discussions that we have there are often
Transatlantic Fellow for
very different of what we have seen here
Central and Eastern Europe,
today both in tone and in substance. What
The German Marshall
we have seen here almost throughout the
Fund of the United States;
whole debates was quite a high degree of
Director, Fund for Belarus
resolve that transparency through Ukrainian
Democracy
speakers whom we had here, that we are
often lacking in our capital, in Berlin. In between the lines of the discussions
we also noticed decrease of resignation, resignation at a slow reform process
in the country, resignation at perhaps too little that the West is doing. This is
fully understandable after the recent Eastern Partnership summit which was a
complete failure in my view. In our capitals we often see the debates which are
indifferent, and I would wish that we see more of that resolve coming into our
capitals and our debates.
The second item on the theme. I think it became very clear at discussions
here that the agreement on the nature of this crises is not something that is
limited to Ukraine, that is a broader issue, a broader confrontation that Russia
has unleashed, it has implications for Europe and world order more broadly.
This is again something that is not so clear for people in the West. If to look at
discussions in Germany this is often seen as a local conflict, even as a civil war
and I think we need much more of this sort of debate, of this message in our
capitals in order to get the right picture and therefore our responses right. I
think we need much more presence of such debates and of Ukrainians in our
capitals. We need much stronger presence of you all in our capitals.
35
CAMERA FOCUS
36
SESSION IV. WHILE CANNONS SOUND. UKRAINIAN REFORMS

ON THE MARCH
A Marshall plan is better than Martial Law
Implementation of reforms. Western assistance
SLOWLY BUT SURELY WE ARE

COMING OUT OF THE WORST OF
THIS CRISIS
The good news is that slowly but surely we
are coming out of the worst of this crisis. The
crisis is not a result of one event, one person,
one set of issues. It is a result of 73 years of
Communism, 23 years of incomplete reforms,
the most recent past regime of kleptocratic
governance and a war and illegal annexation
of Crimea. We have a clear roadmap and were
making progress on the way to recovery.
Natalia JARESKO
It is based on four pillars. The first pillar is Minister of Finance

stabilizing the macroeconomic situation. The of Ukraine
second is - improving the sustainability of our
public debt. The third - starting real investment into the real economy and the
fourth - fundamentally changing the business environment.
We need to fight corruption on all level: small, medium, and large. Here we have
taken a two-round approach. One is punishing, prosecution and the creation
of the National Anti-corruption Bureau. The other area is fiscal policy.
The 2015 will be the bottom. In 2016 we will start to see the light and we will
start to return to growth.
37
LUSTRATION IS GOOD FOR

DEMOCRACY BUT THE WEST DOES
NOT UNDERSTAND THAT
Lustration is good for democracy but the West
does not understand that. We cannot have
collective justice; we can only have individual
justice. But the point is you cannot have
individual justice if you have a pervasively
corrupt prosecution and justice system.
We have the same with the military, volunteer
battalions. We do not dare to talk to anyone
on the level of a major military official because
Senior Fellow, Atlantic
all information is passed on immediately to
Council, USA
the Russian side and they start shooting. Sack
them all at that level. All the people who are
major in the military. Bring up good new commanders. The Western demand is
that new battalions must be integrated into the old military machinery. Do you
want to integrate good, non-corrupt people into corrupt forces?
Andres ASLUND
You need to sack the people particularly in very corrupt organizations. Take
the East German experience. They had 5000 prosecutors and they sacked them
all. One third were new young East Germans, one third were West Germans
and one third were old prosecutors who were reeducated, and you need to do
that in law enforcement, judiciary, especially sensitive areas, but we also have
the state enterprise sector and they are taking money from the state and not
producing anything for the state.
The best reform experience is in Estonia, they sacked the whole state
administration and then they encouraged people to reapply for new jobs.
Georgia is a very vivid example, they have young ministers. You want actions
fast, you will get chaos in any case. The faster you do it, the less corruption you
will have.
38
ECONOMIC REFORMS AND THE

CIVIL SECURITY SECTOR REFORMS
ARE ACTUALLY VERY DEEPLY AND
INTIMATELY LINKED
In the civilian security sector, the reform efforts
now have not reached a point and we are
turning in the corner What you absolutely
need in the framework of civil sector reform
is to raise salaries. If people make a hundred
dollars per month they will remain corrupt. This
is just simple reality, even if you have young Kalman MIZSEI
people, maybe for a half a year they can work
patriotically, but the system will eventually rot Head, the European Union
them.
Advisory Mission (EUAM)
in Ukraine
I do agree that this is the strongest reform
government that Ukraine has ever had, but I
do also deliver the bad news that not enough has been done. You really do
need to make sweeping, radical changes in a short period of time. I am not
saying that there hasnt been progress, I am saying that it has not reached a
critical mass. We have to work to reach a critical mass and constitutional work is
critical. Also critical is that there is a package of draft legislation in parliament,
in the area of the Minister of Internal Affairs. This legislation frankly has to be
improved.
This project base approach to reforms is very important, particularly now
in Ukraine but momentum really has to be sustained to reach a critical
mass of change in the character of the Ukrainian state, which has been very
unfortunately deeply rooted in 70 years of socialism.
39
7 PERCENT OF THE COUNTRY IS

AT WAR, BUT 90 PLUS PERCENT IS
STILL FUNCTIONING AND IS OPEN
TO BUSINESS
If to speak about reformssometimes we
would like to be a sprint but we understand it
is a marathon . we are showing to the whole
world that Ukraine is changing.
Andy HUNDER
President, American
Chamber of Commerce in
Ukraine
Today, the perception of Ukraine in the minds

of many Western investors is what the BBC is
showing: this is country at war. Yes, 7 percent
of the country is at war, but 90 plus percent is
still functioning and is open to business.
So when we are talking about investments,

I think it is a fine balance - what the prime
minister said yesterday a balance between the perception of military boots
and business shoes. So it is important how we move from military boots to
business shoes.
40
THERE ARE DIFFERENT WAYS HOW

TO MAKE PEOPLE LOVE REFORMS
AND ONE OF THE FIRST LESSONS IS
JUST TO MAKE UNDERSTAND THEM
WHAT THE REFORMS ARE ABOUT
It is very important to make people understand
that they are the ones who are paying salaries
to their civil servants, so they must request,
demand to receive service from them.
What would be strategic for successful reform?
It is knowledge, knowledge, knowledge and Zaneta OZOLINA
new knowledge. For me it is modernization, it is Chair, Latvian Foreign
the introduction of new technology; it is again Affairs Council
introducing new innovation in administration
because the government has started such a speedy development branch that
needs constant upgrading, and then accessible and open civil service.
Latvia is a good example. We are almost the only country where you can watch
live, online meetings of the government, sessions of what is happening in
parliament. For us, it is very important to be a responsible civil service, and
very often we are talking about accountability.
It seems that Ukrainian society has consolidated some of the reforms within
Latvian society, but assistance in reform in Ukraine is still needed. You can find
very passionate individuals, organizations, also groups of people who would
be very willing to share with Ukraine their experience in introducing reforms in
Latvia over the past 25 years.
41
CAMERA FOCUS
42
SESSION V. THE VALUES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION: LOSE

ONE - LOSE THEM ALL
United and Divided O, Europe, where art Thou?
Protection of values as a main line for European future
Ukraine and the EU: one leg in, one leg still out?
The Russian factor within: virus detected?
SPECIAL ADDRESS
THE EUROPEAN UNION STANDS
IN PARTNERSHIP WITH UKRAINE,
WE ARE BY YOUR SIDE, READY TO
ASSIST YOUR COUNTRY ON ITS WAY
TO REGAINING ECONOMIC AND
POLITICAL STABILITY AND KEEPING
UKRAINIAN UNITY
For one and half years now the people of
Ukraine have being suffering. People on both
sides are still dying almost every day. Close to
2 million people have lost their homes. Lets Frank-Walter STEINMEIER
be clear from the start what triggered this
Federal Minister for
conflict - Russias annexation of Crimea against
Foreign Affair of Germany
all principles of international law and then
continuing the combat in Eastern Ukraine.
I believe that further confrontation will not lead us out of this conflict, but
only drive us deeper into it. There is no military solution to this conflict. There
can only be a solution based on the values of our European peace order. The
path of Minsk is the political path, a path of engagement by avoiding farther
escalation.
We are trusting in Ukrainian leadership in setting the right framework including
necessary reform decisions and their implementation, and we stay just as clear
in our message to Russia the duration of international sanctions is linked to
the implementation of Minsk.
Together with others, the US, Canada, Japan and others, Germany is a partner
supporting Ukraine on and on with 700 million euros this year in bilateral
activities. Plus, we support Ukraine through the IMF and the EU. In short: we
are friends and partners actively and honestly engaged.
43
WE ARE MORE COMMITTED THAN

EVER TO SUPPORT OUR VALUES,
INCLUDING THE PRINCIPAL OF
TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY AND
SOVEREIGNTY
Alain Le ROY
(Video Address)
Secretary-General, the EU
External Action Service
(EEAS)
We are here today to discuss European values

and the way in which Europe protects them.
This project was founded on the complete
desire, after the end of the most bloody war
in human history, to put an end to European
wars once and for all. To do so we committed
to basic principles of international law, to
democratic standards, to human rights. We
are committed based on shared values and
the commitment to defend them. This is the
cornerstone of the European Union.
The Eastern Partnership is based on common

values too peace, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law, and respect
for human dignity and human rights.
The Association Agreement has been signed by the partners which have
applied. With this, free movement and travel in the EU has been extended to
non-EU citizens and good progress has been made in achieving the same status
for Ukrainian and Georgian citizens. New opportunities are being created daily
through the growth of trade within the EU as well as new transportation and
energy connections.
In Ukraine, the determination of your civil society to fight for political and
economic reforms and the will of your voters expressing democratic actions
have been an impressive development. However, reform based on the
new authorities is more important and necessary as it is happening during
challenges to Ukraine`s sovereignty and territorial integrity. So, we have been
steady and delighted to support Ukraine in such difficult times.
44
IT IS POSSIBLE TO GET OUT OF THE

MOST DIFFICULT SITUATIONS WHEN
THE NATION IS COMMITTED
Change is possible. It is possible to get out of
the most difficult situations when a nation is
committed. So I think that in this sense, such
countries as Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia
could be useful as a laboratory of change for
a nation, for those who are willing to change,
and for those who mean that change is not
only language, but is really comprised of
working strategies for the upcoming years.
Andrejs PILDEGOVIS
The Eastern Partnership has been criticized State Secretary, Ministry

by many. Of course, if Ukraine chooses to go of Foreign Affairs of the
to a bilateral agenda with the EU, this is your Republic of Latvia
sovereign choice, but, at least speaking from
the Latvian prospective, from the Baltic prospective, we think that we have
been reasonably successful because we partnered with Estonia and Lithuania.
I think that a partnership between Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, and even with
those more reluctant countries of the Eastern Partnership, are important.
Within the union, those friends of Ukraine - this camp has to be enlarged. Our
meetings have to be regular, there has to be less slogans, less media exultation,
but more business to business. I think with what we have now, the road map
is quite realistic.
Regarding Russia, it is the big elephant in the room. We tend to roll towards
sanctions, and sanctions are working, the Russian economy is suffering. I
represent a country which has spent two generations under a non-recognition
policy, when the West did not recognize Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania being in
cooperation with the Soviet Union. It might take a long time, I understand this
is not may be an inspiring example, but I very much believe that justice will
prevail, provided the people of Ukraine understand where they are going, they
know what they are suffering for, and I want to pledge again that in Europe we
will do outmost to support Ukraine.
45
AN UPDATED EASTERN
PARTNERSHIP HAS TO BE MUCH
MORE POLITICAL. IT HAS TO HAVE
ALL OPPORTUNITIES OPEN
TO ALL PARTNERS
Gediminas KIRKILAS
Vice Chairman, Parliament
of Lithuania; Prime
Minister of Lithuania
(2006-2008)
The Eastern Partnership declaration is clearly

based on the commitment of the European
Union to promote the values and the
willingness of the partner countries to structure
the reform process in line with the values and
requirements of the European Union. Any
withdrawal from the current commitments
and Eastern Partnership policies would mean
questioning their European identities and the
credibility of the European Union.
Only a few countries are determined to meet

the levels of integration into the European
Union. They are willing to reach the EU, but they have been put under political
or economic pressure, sometimes both, from Moscow. They had to realize
there was a price to pay for their European aspirations. Ukraine has the latest
and most dramatic battle, and this battle is the one about values. Indeed, an
updated Eastern Partnership has to be much more political. It has to have all
opportunities open to all partners.
Four basic steps are crucial for the successful new stage in the development
of the Eastern Partnership: 1. The commitment to common aims and values
should be restated. 2. The European Union should use all possible opportunities
to offer the prospect of European Union membership to the partnership
countries who adhere to those values and successfully implement them. 3.
Every member should adhere to the road map so that more principles are
employed much more effectively. 4. The updated partnership should include
a security dimension. I strongly believe that next year, in early 2016, there will
be a breakthrough regarding Ukraine and the decision of visa liberation, and
the start of the DFTA.
46
EVERY EUROPEAN NATION SHOULD

ACKNOWLEDGE THAT ECONOMIC
VALUES CANNOT DOMINATE
DEMOCRATIC VALUES
By signing the EU-Ukraine Association
Agreement we changed the game on the
continent, so the Association Agreement was
a kind of game changer in promoting the
integration of one of the biggest countries
on the continent, which is Ukraine, into the
European Union.
Kostiantyn ELISEEV
To restore peace, stability, and security in

Permanent Representative
Ukraine and on the European continent we
of Ukraine to the EU
need to base our strategy on five important
pillars. 1 strengthen and obtain unity in
the European Union. 2 build up and strengthen so-called Trans-Atlantic
cooperation and Trans-Atlantic solidarity. 3 continue to explore all possible
diplomatic tools and means in order to settle the situation in and around
Ukraine. 4 - use sanctions which motivate and are incentive measures in order
to bring back peace and stability. 5 investing in the success story of Ukraine.
Every European nation should acknowledge that economic value cannot
dominate democratic values. In other words, political order and stability on the
continent and containment of the aggressor country must prevail over gross
national product; and we need to be firm, not only in the European Union,
but also with all partners of the world. We cannot accommodate our values to
Russia`s interests - that is the most important point.
There is another issue of which I would like to tell you. That is that Russian
aggression is stimulating the European Union to reform itself. Currently the
European Union is launching a review of its common security and foreign
policies in a view to answer to this so called hybrid war.
47
THE EUROPEAN UNION WITHOUT A

CONFESSION OF VALUES, BUT ONLY
AS AN OPEN AND A FREE MARKET,
WOULD MAKE NO GEOSTRATEGIC
SENSE
Wolfgang GERHARD
Chairman, FriedrichNaumann-Foundation;
Chairman, Free Democratic
Party of Germany
(1995-2001)
Europe is in something like a transition

between its past, which it is seeking to
overcome, and a future it has not yet reached.
So, things do not always run like clockwork,
they create complexity and there are never
simple solutions. Moreover, this process of
coming ever closer to the European Union
standing upon its values takes time. If we did
not have the European Union, we would have
to invent it, and now that we have it, we have
to improve it. A European Union without a
confession of values, but only as an open and
a free market, would make no geostrategic
sense.
There is a necessity now for the societies in the European Union to offer others
an entrance. These are our values. For all the disasters Europe has faced in the
last century, it is also the origin, the renaissance of humanism, of a history
that presented to us at the end human rights and individual freedoms. It is a
history of enlightenment and emancipation. Europe has in its historical past
the political philosophy of a civil society, and human rights which are its first
priority.
We often have to see that a written constitution is not sufficient. It depends on
the civil quality and on the mindset in societies if they want to be free.
Peace requires relations between the powers and their alliances, development
requires strong efforts, survival requires initiatives and prosperity requires an
appreciation of market forces.
48
SESSION VI. RUSSIAN GHOSTS OF THE PAST: REVISIONISM,

DELUSION OR REBIRTH?
The interests of the Russian political and business elites
How to contribute to the democratization of the Russian Federation
IF YOU GET RID OF THE HERITAGE

FROM THE SOVIET PAST, YOU GET
RID OF PUTIN
The fight that Ukraine is in is not just a purely
territorial fight; it is a very ideological fight.
The ideology is one of choices between a
Soviet way of life and what is a more modern,
more European society, democratic and a
prosperous. Actually there is not an ethnic
warIt is more about different ways of life.
I think Russia has some kind of power. It is not Mikheil SAAKASHVILI
necessarily soft, but in it there is something
related to soft power. It is organized crime, President of Georgia
corruption, and a lack of initiative in people, (2000-2001, 2004-2007)
bureaucracy making decisions in a very slow
process, you know, institutions not serving people, these are all things that
have come as a heritage from the Soviet past. This is something that people are
trying to get over, and if you get rid of these Putin things, it is like getting rid of
Putin himself. Putin represents something much bigger then a personality, but
a way of life, a way of thinking, a way of approaching life.
So, Ukraine really needs to move on and to get rid of this, to create for people
opportunities and to show them that Ukraine is democracy which really brings
prosperity, opportunities, and eradicates corruption, bringing an improved
social life to all the regions in country.
49
THE PRECONDITIONS OF THE

CONFLICT BETWEEN RUSSIA AND
UKRAINE ARE THAT THERE WERE
NO ATTEMPTS AT A SYSTEMATIC
DESTRUCTION OF COMMUNIST OR
TOTALITARIAN THINKING AFTER
THE COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET
UNION
It is a war between two principles. One principle
is the principle of a European consciousness, a
Andrei ZUBOV
European frame of mind and the other is of the
former Soviet-totalitarian frame of mind. One
Professor, Russian
approach is where human beings are in the
Federation
center, and the other is where a human being
is just something to be used to prove some abstract principle devised by some
person or persons.
We see the problem of this conflict in all the countries which 25 years ago were
a part of the Soviet Union, with the exception of the three Baltic states. There
were no attempts at a systematic destruction of communist or totalitarian
thinking after the collapse of the Soviet Union. This Revolution of Dignity in
Ukraine is really an attempt to go in this direction.
We have in Russia some kind of corporate authoritarian, nationalistic state. This
state looks much closer not to the Soviet Union but to fascist Italy. It is not to
Germany with its racial policies, but to the fascist Italy of Mussolini.
I am sure that the main trend of Russian development from a totalitarian
autocracy to democracy, from an inhuman to human society will continue.
Even now we see under the surface the continuation of a development in
this direction. Many young people want to be citizens of a human Russia, of a
democratic Russia, of a Russia of Europe, not of the authoritarian Russia of the
20th century.
50
IT IS A PRIMARY ISSUE OF RUSSIAN

AGENDA TO MARGINALIZE NATO
AND THE EU FROM EUROPEAN
SECURITY AFFAIRS
On the interstate level Russia seeks acceptance
as a European country, belonging to Europe,
in Europe, and of Europe. At the same time
it resumes going in a regional direction to
the opposite side. Russia seeks de facto
recognition of a Russian sphere of influence
in the former Soviet Union territories. Russia
seeks access to decision-making processes in
Europe, at the level of NATO and the European
Union in one form or another. This is a primary
issue of Russian agenda to marginalize NATO
and the EU from European security affairs,
dealing instead with Germany primarily above
nations.
Vladimir SOCOR
Senior Fellow, The
Jamestown Foundation,
USA
the heads of other European
When the emergency situation in Ukraine is not settled, but made static in one
form or another, we can expect a Russian peace offensive proposing new rules.
The primary target of these proposals will be Europeans.
On the society level Russias policy of political alliances in Europe has shifted.
Russia is appealing to circles of the conservative right in Europe, reversing the
former Soviet policy of appealing to the European left. Russia is appealing to
disgruntled conservatives of Europe. It poses as the champion of conservative
values. It has to be recognized that European politicians, European leaders, and
parties have handed Russia this issue on silver platter.
In Europes east, in the former Soviet territories to the east of the enlarged
NATO and the EU, Russia has laid the building blocks of a sphere of influence.
The construction by now is nearing completion; we see it advancing. Russia
should stop this because this is the 21st century; we are not in the past.
51
DISCUSSION. THE OSCE AND RUSSIAS WAR AGAINST

UKRAINE A SURVIVAL TEST FOR EUROPEAN SECURITY
ARCHITECTURE?
OSCE PRACTICALLY IS THE ONLY
ONE SECURITY STRUCTURE IN THE
WORLD THAT IS VERY ACTIVELY
INVOLVED IN UKRAINIAN CRISIS
Oleksandr CHALY
OSCE practically is the only one security

structure in the world that is very actively
involved in Ukrainian crisis on the ground and
on strategic level. The OSCE is the biggest in
the world regional security organization will
survive Ukrainian crisis because we have no
choice,
To my mind there are a few options. The option

number one Ukraine can follow the Western
Germany formula. Western Germanization
of Ukraine: to be divided country, to refuse as
Chancellor Adenauer the neutrality formula
from the former Soviet Union and to wait more
than forty years for reunification. It is a good
choice and very possible, and if we want to
follow this choice we need the OSCE because
the OSCE helps us to frozen this conflict and the OSCE is doing it very actively
now.
President of Grant
Thornton Ukraine, First
Deputy Minister for
Foreign Affairs of Ukraine
and State Secretary on
European Integration
Issues (1998-2004)
If we follow the slogan of the our conference No security without values, it is

correct for the collective security system but it is not correct for the cooperative
security system.
But if Ukrainian allied in future will be in favor to develop another security
formula more cooperative than based on the collective security principle, I am
sure that the OSCE has good instruments and possibilities to propose another
formula which permit maybe to Ukraine to follow the formula of Austria after
the Second World War. So I finish saying that there are two choices for Ukraine,
two good choices to my mind and the OSCE has the strategic ability to help us
to reach successfully the final aim of these two choices.
52
IN THE FUTURE DISCUSSION

ABOUT THE EUROPEAN SECURITY
THIS WILL BE THE CORE: SHOULD
THE STATES IN THE EASTERN
EUROPE HAVE RIGHT TO CONTINUE
INTEGRATION INTO WEST, INTO
NATO, INTO THE EUROPEAN UNION?
Russia will soon come up with a new proposal
on how to create a new security architecture.
Russia has willingness to have a veto over the
European security. And in those discussions Sergi KAPANADZE
there is a danger that some of the principles on
Director, Georgias Reforms
which the European security bases now might
Associates; Deputy
be jeopardized.
Minister for Foreign Affairs
And there I have three scenarios I believe of Georgia (2011-2012)
that disastrous scenario - there are leaders
in Europe right now who would love to institutionalize the kind of a new
security architecture which will effectively prevent the countries of the Eastern
Partnership from going further in their integration efforts. As soon as you have
a formal consensus on that the chances that these countries will be swallowed
by Russia increase and actually become eminent.
The second scenario - constructive ambiguity about the fate of this countries
and I think that this is equally dangerous - the agreement over the security
architecture where there is an implicit consent that Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova
are not going to be accepted by NATO and the European Union. But they will
not say it openly, I think this scenario is just as dangerous as the first one.
And there is a third unlikely scenario - the principles that any country has the
right to choose it is won alliance and to integrate into whichever alliance they
want.
In the discussion of the future security architecture whether it takes place within
the OSCE or outside the OSCE between the West and Russia it is important to
keep in mind the determined principled of the Helsinki Final Act need not be
changed, they need not to be revised, they need not be discussed. The only
way out is to be resolute and to stand up for these values and to tell Russia that
the Eastern part or Europe has the right to integrate into the rest of Europe just
like the Central Eastern European countries did so.
53
OSCE IS THE WEAKEST

ORGANIZATION IN EUROPE
OSCE is the weakest organization in Europe, this
is an organization which is based on principles
which have been systematically violated from
the moment the Helsinki Final Act was signed.
Russian Federation completed the job with the
violating the last of the principles recently.
The Ukrainian OSCE mission here which does
not get as good appraise that it deserves is
actually, I have seen a lot of civilian missions
Robert COOPER
in different places and I think that this is one
Special Advisor of the
of the best that I have ever seen, I think they
European Commission
are doing a fantastic job and in some areas in
practice they are risking their lives. But they
are severely handy kept by the amount of access they are given. But they have
got no power.
I am afraid that the security is highly divisible, whether you are the member of
NATO or not the member of NATO makes a great difference to your security.
Security is not indivisible, whatever bit of the alliance structure you change
in Europe it changes somebody`s security, the country that joins feel safer,
other countries may not feel safer. I think that the Russians misunderstand and
misjudge NATO, but for a long time they have seen NATO as an aggressive,
hostile organization.
And I think the important thing if one want to make security an indivisible
thing is the idea that things have to be unambiguous and should be accepted
by everybody in some sense. As for the right of every country to be a member
of any alliance, that is the part of the Helsinki Final Act, on the other hand those
that wish to join NATO should be pretty sure that NATO wants them?
54
RIGHT NOW THE OSCES FOCUS

SHOULD CLEARLY BE ON CONFLICT
ISSUES
OSCE specific contribution on the ground
has already been referenced, here there is
something that can be built on, improved, and
should be. Not only because the missions in
Ukraine play valuable role, but because there
should be a wider discussion about the role of
field operations in different parts of the OSCE
which can certainly be learnt and built on the
experience here.
Ian ANTHONY
Secondly it highlighted the need to strengthen Director, Stockholm

some of the functional capacities of the International Peace
OSCE, not only related to national minorities Research Institute, Sweden
or human rights, these are certainly very
important ones, but also issues associated with the role of the media, freedom
of the media, including issues that are fairly new such as the role of gender in
security.
The OSCE actually has been an extremely adaptable over the time, at various
times the emphasis has been on human security issues, political and military
dimensions of security, more recently transnational issues, terrorism,
trafficking. Right now the focus should clearly be on conflict issues. And the
OSCE needs to bring into the discussion some of the most recent thinking
about conflict management, which at the moment.
The OSCE is a good avenue for opening a dialogue with other parts of the
world about the key issues, we can enumerate many but, the role of the
state as a security provider is certainly one, extremely relevant not only in
Europe, but basically everywhere, how we interpret key concepts: sovereignty,
inviolability of borders, processes for peaceful modification of borders. These
are not European issues, these are global issues and the OSCE needs to keep
open perspectives.
55
CAMERA FOCUS
56
DISCUSSION. LOGIN: UKRAINE. PASSWORD: SECURITY.

SIGNING UP TO NATO
BY DEFENDING ITSELF AGAINST
RUSSIAN AGGRESSION, UKRAINE
NOW DEFENDS THE EUROPEAN
UNION AND NATO
We need confidence. Our confidence must be
based on a strong commitment to common
values and on a ratio in using tools to ensure
common security.
Russia continues the offensive. There are
40,000-strong Russia-led troops on our
territory. Kremlin constantly violates Minsk Danylo LUBKIVSKY
agreements. President Putin pretends to
change his tactics, but his strategy remains unchanged.
Ukraines economic collapse is even more desirable for Putin than a military
victory. He can disclaim responsibility. The economic turmoil destabilizes all of
Ukraine. Otherwise Putin will keep control only over Eastern Ukraine.
The collapse of Ukraine would open the door to Russian influence and control
in Europe. If Ukraine fails to defend itself, Europe will have to spend much
larger sums on its own defense.
The only way to stop Putin means to raise the costs for him. It means to
strengthen Ukraines defense potential and to reform its Armed Forces up to
NATO standards, to maintain pressure upon Russia by sanctions, and to protect
unity inside the European Union and between the EU and the US.
Today Ukraine is defending not only itself, but the European Union and NATO.
There is only one way how to ensure common security. Ukraine must become
a member of the European and NATO. No one can have a veto right upon
Ukraines internal or external policy. Keep your doors open. This is not Ukraine
and Georgia that are coming. This is peace and security that try to enter the
room.
57
THE POLITICAL DECISION ABOUT

THE STRATEGIC ORIENTATION
OF THE COUNTRY MUST BE
SUSTAINABLE
Robert ONDREJCSAK
Director, Center of
European and North
Atlantic Affairs (CENAA);
State Secretary, Ministry
of Defense (2010-2012),
Slovakia
NATO is far from being a perfect organization.

However, it is still the best we do have. When
we are talking about the NATOs reaction to
the Russian aggression in Ukraine, we have to
say that it was a strategic surprise. At a political
level we never thought that the Russians would
be willing to militarily invade a neighboring
country. Secondly, the ability of Russian forces
to deploy large armed formations for offensive
operations at quite short notice along with
the existence of contingent suppliers in, for
example, the Crimea scenario was also a
military surprise .
At the level of member states, NATO started

to reinforce, especially on the territories of
membering eastern states. However, again because of the multiple divisions
between members, it was difficult to support permanent deployment of NATO
forces in Eastern Europe.
If we are talking about Ukraine or NATOs assistance or reaction, NATO has
created trust funds, and NATO has reoriented the funds which were tailored
for Russia in science and peace programs. NATO has sent advisers and, on an
individual basis, it has provided some assistance to Ukraine, but again it has
not reached a strategic level of assistance to Ukraine, again because of the
strategic differences between member states.
What can Ukraine do basically? First, the basic precondition is that the political
decision about this strategic orientation of the country must be sustainable. It
is not enough to win only elections, presidential or parliamentary elections for
the parties which are engaged in European integration. It must be sustainable,
it must be somehow repeated several times. In our case it took more than ten
years, more than a decade, until the political will was formed about EU and
NATO memberships, and then they became true.
58
BEFORE TAKING DECISION WITH

REGARDS TO THE MEMBERSHIP,
WE DO NEED TO GO TO THE
PUBLIC, ASK QUESTIONS, RAISE
AWARENESS
Look at the relationship between our militaries
during NATO-Ukraine cooperation projects.
They are very stable. We have very great level
of trust. The reason for this is very simple: we
have much in common. However, before taking
decision with regards to the membership, we Leonid HOLOPATIUK
do need to go to the public, ask questions,
Head, Main Department of
raise awareness.
Military Cooperation and
I agree that there is no anymore an alternative Peace-keeping Operations,
to collective security. The discussion should General Staff of Armed
not be about membership perspectives and Forces of Ukraine
timetables. It is not about writing documents.
It is not about declarations. It is about getting the maximum potential out of
the strength, expertise, and experience that exists throughout the NATO and
Ukrainian military systemsto strengthen capabilities, to achieve fundamental
political objectives.
59
THE ONLY EFFECTIVE SECURITY

SYSTEMS ARE THOSE BASED ON
COMMON INTEREST AND COMMON
VALUES OF MEMBERS
James SHERR
Senior Research Fellow,
Chatham House, Great
Britain
Vladimir Putin cannot afford to lose in

Ukraine and he cannot be allowed to win.
Ukraine can become the graveyard of Russian
neo-imperialism if Ukraine succeeds. But,
if Ukraine loses, we all lose. If this country
dissolves into fragmentation and turmoil,
there will be a profound destabilizing effect
in the entire neighborhood, from Belarus to
Moldova to Georgia. There will be a profound
demoralization of NATO allies.
The image and standing cohesion of NATO and

the EU will be profoundly damaged. There has
never been a universal security system that provided security. The only effective
security systems are those based on the common interest and common values
of members.
Ukraines quest to join
NATO is worthy, it deserves
support and ultimately
it deserves to succeed.
However, the pursuit of that
objective in the midst of
this war will divert attention
and scarce resources from
far more vital tasks, namely
three: the consolidation of
this country, the deterrent of
further aggression, and the
ending of the occupation
regime in Crimea and
Donbass.
60
SUMMARIZING SECURITY: TASKS WE FACE AND SHARE

The title of the conference is No Security
without Values and I think that is spot on. What
we saw on November 2013, February last year
on Maidan - was very much representation of
values. It was about dignity, it was about rule of
law, anti corruption, it was about fearless, it was
about orientation on Euro-Atlantic community. It
very much was about values.
Almost a decade before was the Maidan
movement in November 2004, which was about
an effort to steal an election and protesters who
said they would not stand for that.
David KRAMER
We have to acknowledge that Ukrainians for the

past decade have demonstrated an unbelievable Senior Director for
commitment to values that the West stands Human Rights and
for and we have to give an enormous credit to Human Freedoms, McCain
Ukrainians for that. Theyve made the ultimate Institute, USA
sacrifice in many cases, not only in Kyiv in
Maidan, but on the front lines fighting Russian forces. We have an obligation to
uphold these values, to support Ukraines efforts and aspirations, to associate, to
integrate more closely to Euro-Atlantic institutions.
But there are four main threats: two are internal and two are external. Let me start
with the internal. The first is lack of unity, in fighting. Putin, paradoxically, did more
to unite this country than anybody else. The government, the president, everyone
in Cabinet has to work together. This country is still in crises.
A year ago, when we had this Forum, the tension was palpable, things seem to
have come down a bit, but it is far from over.
This is arguably the best government in the countrys history since 1991. It has
to focus on the tasks getting the economy right, fixing the financial situation,
dealing with the problem of corruption and of course regaining the control over
the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country. If the government collapses
and there is a big fight then this country is going to have huge problems and the
West is going to lose interest.
Second threat, internal threat corruption. Corruption has been a cancer for
Ukraine for years. This is the biggest vulnerability that this country has. We have
the new anti corruption bureau, it needs to be empowered, it needs to have the
authority, it needs to act very transparently, if its going to be a move towards
deoligarkhilization it has to be done in a right way. There can be no exceptions in
dealing with corruption. Everyone has to be treated fairly according to rule of law.
61
Has to be a leadership from the top and coming to power through elections it has
to mean serving the public good, the greater good, we have to make it not only in
Ukraine but throughout the region.
Third threat, moving to external. They are obvious: Putins Russia. Successful
Ukraine that is moving to a deeper integration with Euro-Atlantic institutions is
seen by Putin as a major existential threat. It could represent the alternative for
what he is trying to prevent developing Russia. The Maidan movement leading
to Yanukovych departure terrified Putin. In my view its why he moved to Crimea
and then moved to the Eastern Ukraine. To him it wasnt a popular movement,
Ukrainians couldnt possible have gone to the streets themselves and demand to
change, they had to have been paid. So he responded by invading and annexing
the territory. This is Putins war against Ukraine, against the Maidan, against
democracy, against the West, against our values.
We need to be crystal clear: the Putin regime is the threat, its the threat to its
own people, most recently with the assassination of Boris Nemtsov, impossibly,
tragically poisoning Vladimir Kara-Murza just this week, its the threat to its
neighbors you know this better than I do. Georgians know it. Estonians knew it
in 2007 with the cyber attack. Its the threat to the West. By trying to redraw the
borders in Europe for the first time since World War II. Its the threat more globally.
When we look at Putins support for Bashar al-Assad trough the decision to deliver
3 hundred missiles to Iran. The Putin regime is kleptocratic, authoritarian regime
that is the threat, and we have to be crystal clear about that.
Number one goal of Mr. Putin is staying in power. The number two goal of Mr. Putin
is staying in power and number three goal is refers to goal one and two. Staying
in power is what he thinks about every single day. And he will do whatever is
necessary in order to accomplish these 3 goals. So, we need to view Russia as a
threat, not as the potential strategic partner, which is not say that we can never talk
to it. We have to. Lets be realistic about it. Though I would argue we dont have to
go to Sochi and be grateful that Mr. Putin spent 4 hours with you. We should not
have any illusions that Putins Russia can be a partner of Ukraine or the West. This
means tougher sanctions, not just keeping the current sanctions in place.
And unfortunately I think in a current debate that it is taking place - Mr. Putin has
won this battle. Because the discussion is not about ramping up sanctions, the hope
is that we can keep the sanctions at the ordinate place. And that unfortunately
sends the wrong psychological message to Moscow thinking that we struggling
just to keep up what we are doing.
It means being clear about our goals. Unity with the EU is not a goal, it is a tactic, it
is a means to accomplish our goals which should be getting Russia out of Ukraine
and helping Ukraine succeed.
I dont know even a single person who is opposed US EU unity, but it also cant
become an excuse for the United State not to take a leadership position. If Putin
is not stopped in Ukraine the threat will only get worth. And we will wake up, we
62
NATO member states, we wake up one day to discover, we have a problem with a
country which has Article 5 guarantees. Ukraine is a key to fulfilling the vision of a
Europe free and a peace. Lets not forget that.
The West deserves credit for the sanctions that have been put in place. I would
argue that they are too slow and too reactive and do keep in mind that what we
have in place today is an enormous change from where we were over a year ago.
The support for Ukraine should be also commended.
But it is not enough, its not enough to succeed, to defend itself militarily. The
military aid, the President Obama has not provided, I think it is an enormous
mistake. Everyone in the Cabinet supported us, but the President hasnt and in
our system he does have the final say. And I respect that system. But fortunately
in my system I also able to criticize the President and I think he has made a
serious mistake. There is no subcontracting to Europe for this problem. This
requires US presidential leadership on a sustain bases while recognizing many
challenges on President Obama play. But the subcontracting I would argue
and I dont criticize Chancellor Merkel for what shes done, the subcontracting
has not worked terribly well.
The US has to be more engaged at the highest levels. It means keeping the doors
open to the EU and NATO and Im very much appreciate the discussion up here,
but to me it would an enormous mistake for either the EU or NATO to close the
doors. Because that would be telegraphing Putin what we want to do. Lets see
if Ukraine commits the criteria one day, lets keep the door open. The prospect
of membership has been so important to countries in this region to undertake
difficult necessarily reform that they saw the recognition of those difficult steps at
the end of the process.
Id reject the argument that the EU and Eastern Partnership in 2013 responsible
for this crises. But even if you want to say that EU mishandles that is absolutely no
justification what so ever for Russia to invade Ukraine. That is not the way to handle
disputes. NATO enlargement lets also be clear, Russia may not like it, but NATO
enlargement has provided the most secure stable border that Russia has. The
countries were Russia does not neighbor NATO are the most dangerous border
that has.
It also means cleaning our own systems. I talked about fighting corruption here
in Ukraine is a huge challenge, we have challenges to clean up our own systems.
It means not telegraphing our limitations to Putin, we should stop saying what
we want to do. And leave Putin wondering what we might do. It calls strategic
ambiguity. Leave him guessing. It means thinking about short term and a long
term. We will never get to the long term if we dont get the short term right. It
means staying true to our values, our principles and those include sovereignty,
territorial integrity, democratic institutions, rule of law, freedom of expression,
freedom of the press all the things that sometimes we in the West take for granted
the Ukrainians have been fighting for since November 2013 and even before. Thats
why this conference and the title of this conference are so important.
63
CAMERA FOCUS
64
CAMERA FOCUS
65
Media Focus
Interfax-Ukraine Information Agency
28.05.2015
Ukraine's actions towards Russia are legal Yatseniuk
Ukraine will influence Russia using legal methods, Ukrainian Prime Minister
Arseniy Yatseniuk said.
"Our actions are legal," Yatseniuk said at the 8th Kyiv forum on security
on Thursday, responding to a question as to why the property of Russian
companies is not being nationalized in Ukraine in response to Russia's actions
on the enterprises in Crimea.
He recalled that the Ukrainian government has already filed several lawsuits
with international courts and has imposed a number of economic sanctions
on Russia. "Everything that is in the international arsenal, everything that we
have - it's all being used," Yatseniuk said.
Voice of America
28.05.2015
Poroshenko: Ukraine under the threat of outside aggression, has become
united as never before
To restore peace in the east of Ukraine, an efficient mechanism for the
implementation of the Minsk agreements is needed. The president of Ukraine,
Petro Poroshenko, spoke about that on May 28th, at the opening of the 8th
Kyiv Security Forum, held by the Open Ukraine Foundation.
The trend of recent events after the signing of the Minsk agreements proves
that we need an effective instrument for implementing the agreements.
Merely a word and a signature, which sufficed before, do not work now,
notwithstanding that Ukraine is fully observing each individual clause of the
Minsk agreements. Exactly one year ago, after I was elected, I proposed a peace
66
plan, - this is a solid proof that Ukraine never wanted a war and never raised
the issue of her trying to solve any conflict by means of war, said Poroshenko.
Many things depend on the position of the Russian party when it comes to
the conditions of the Minsk agreements and building peace in Donbass. Prime
Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk declared that in his speech to participants of the
8th Kyiv Security Forum.
We have a number of conditions to be implemented withdrawal of Russian
troops from the territory of Ukraine, termination of deliveries of heavy
weaponry: militants are armed to the full there. The third a border closure.
This is our border, Mr.Putin. If you want the Minsk agreements to be successful,
they need to be fulfilled, thereby becoming a reality, not an illusion on paper,
highlighted Arseniy Yatsenyuk, Head of the Government.
Yatsenyuk said that Ukraine faces a new type of military aggression - hybrid
war by other hands.
What is the essence of the conflict ? This conflict is not local, this is a geopolitical
conflict judged according to its character. <...> Its a war between truth and
falsehood, between freedom and dictatorship, between the past and the
future. We understand that we are not alone, I am in gratitude to the European
Union and the U.S. administration, who support Ukraine in this situation. We
lost twenty per cent of the Ukrainian economy and over seven thousand
civilians and servicemen of Ukraine. The number of casualties is terrible and
the reason for that is that Putin wants to renew the Soviet Union, - emphasized
Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk.
Kyiv Post
30.05.2015
Conference speakers: Europe will keep sanctions on Russia while Ukraine
needs to keep up reforms
Stay the course.
That was the overriding message of those who spoke at the 8th Kyiv Security
Forum.
The May 28-29 conference came just a week after the Eastern Partnership
summit in Riga, Latvia, where Ukraine and the European Union signed an
agreement on 1.8 billion euros in loans to Ukraine.
67
German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier said that the EU will help
stabilize Ukraine economically but repeated his countrys position that there is
no military solution to Russias war in eastern Ukraine.
We have a roadmap, called Minsk. No one knows better than me that its far
from being perfect, but for the time being its the only chance that we have, he
said on May 29. We Europeans are there as your partners.
Steinmeier said sanctions against Russia will stay in place until the Minsk peace
agreements, signed on Feb. 12, are implemented. The peace deal requires a
cease-fire, as well as the withdrawal of the weaponry from the contact line and
engagement of all sides to find a solution for the currently occupied territories.
Member of the European Parliament, Andrej Plenkovic, also said he expects
sanctions to stay on Russia. He said that the EU expects economic and political
reforms from Ukraine -- including changes to the constitution, as well as to the
election and judicial systems.
He called the EUs support of Ukraine significant.
Ukraine Today
29.05.2015
Lack of US leadership is a problem - David J. Kramer
Kramer critisized Obama and urged the White House to show more strength in
face of Russian agression.
The Kyiv Security Forum, organized by the Open Ukraine Foundation, took
place in the Ukrainian capital.
The annual event has become one of the regions foremost platforms for high
level discussions on current issues in the Black Sea region and wider Europe.
The forum brings together top policy leaders the most respected intellectuals,
politicians, academics, and journalists to exchange views on European
security.
Ukraine Today discussed the security situation threats to stability in the light
of the conflict backed by Russia with Senior Director for Human Rights and
Democracy at the McCain Institute, Mr. David Kramer.
I dont think there is a nave view about Russia any more in Washington, but
there are disagreements about the best way to deal with the Russia problem.
68
Ukrinform
28.05.2015
Yatseniuk to Europe: Help us with weapons and we will protect you from
Russia
Ukraine needs lethal weapons not to attack, but to defend its territory and the
EU borders from the Russian aggressors.
Ukrainian Prime Minister Arseniy Yatseniuk said this at Kyiv Security Forum on
Thursday, an Ukrinform correspondent reported.
We ask not for offensive weapons, but for defensive weapons, in order to
protect our country ... We need to defend Ukraine. If you support Ukraine,
support the creation of a more powerful Armed Forces of Ukraine, we will also
protect your borders, and the EU, because Russia is a threat to the European
Union, its security, and the entire free world. We need weapons to protect
Ukraine, he said.
Yatseniuk added that the Kremlin is actively working to strengthen the Russian
army. In recent years Russia has been spending billions of dollars to modernize
its armed forces, to accomplish a complete restructuring. Russia is constantly
supplying weapons to its armed forces, Yatseniuk said.
He also noted that Russias aggression against Ukraine is not a local, but
geopolitical conflict, the unleashing of which has been a violation of
the Budapest Memorandum by Moscow, and consequently, the nuclear
nonproliferation regime.
69
Espreso-TV
22.05.2015
Further developments in Donbass depends on the West the former
Prime-Minister of Lithuania
Former government leader of Lithuania, Andrius Kubilius, believes that the
ideological movement of Ukraine towards Europe is one of the reasons for
Russian aggression in the East of Ukraine.
On 28-29 May Kyiv will host the 8th Kyiv Security Forum, held by Arseniy Yatsenyuk
Open Ukraine Foundation. More than 400 international and Ukrainian leaders,
representatives of political, business and civil communities from over 20 countries
will discuss global security trends and challenges in modern international relations.
This year the major theme of the forum will be dedicated to recent events in
Ukraine and at its borders, causes of the events, and posible consequences for the
country, region, Europe, and even for the whole world.
Andrius Kubilius, former head of the Lithuanian government, will be one of the
forums speakers, and gave a rapid-fire comment to Espresso.TV on the future
of the conflict in Donbass.
What scenario is considered more likely to happen in your opinion and what can
be offered to the negotiating participants other than the Minsk agreements?
Ukraine has faced the full-scale exposure of Russian military power, and not only
the actions of local separatists. If Moscow comes to understand that the Western
Community leaves Ukraine without support and Ukraine is forced to defend its
sovereignty, relying only on its limited national military resources, then Russia will
move further on. The further course of events depends on determination of the
Western Community to stop the military aggression of Russia.
Do you think that the events in Ukraine are a manifestation of a clash of values
(civilizations)? What system of values will determine the future of Ukraine,
Europe and the world in general?
As Maidan events have shown, Ukraine has decided to embark on the path to
European integration, which means choosing the European values, democracy,
and a transparent prosperous economy. On the other hand, in Russia there is
still a kleptocracy regime in power that does not have these values. Ukraine
suffers from the fact that the Kremlin regime sees the successes of Ukraine in
advancing on the European path as a major threat to that regimes own survival.
70
Hromadske.tv
28.05.2015
The war in the east of Ukraine has claimed the lives of more than seven
thousand civilians and military
The Prime Minister of Ukraine, Arseniy Yatsenyuk, declared that at the 8th Kyiv
Security Forum, held by the Open Ukraine Foundation.
We have lost 20% of the Ukrainian economy, we have lost more than seven
thousand of the civilian population and Ukrainian military. The number of
deaths is terrible and the only reason is that V.Putin decided to recapture the
USSR, said the prime minister.
He also reiterated that the annexation of Crimea and Russian military
intervention has completely negated the nuclear disarmament plan and 1994
Budapest Memorandum.
The Atlantic Council, a Washington-based think tank, published a report,
Lurking in the eyes of war: the war of Putin in Ukraine, which uses publicly
available data such as Google maps, photo and video from the social network,
proving the involvement of Russian troops in military events in Donbass.
Radio Liberty
28.05.2015
A new wave of escalation in Donbass. The world needs a new paradigm of
security
Amid the conflict escalation it has become obvious that the worlds existing
security paradigm does not work it is necessary to work on a new one. This
statement was made by Petro Poroshenko, the president of Ukraine, at the 8th
Kyiv Security Forum. The problem is that the Kremlin owns all the tools to block
the UN Security Council from any efficient pro-Ukrainian actions. This is why,
as the President explained, he raised a question of peacekeepers in Donbass.
Therefore, Ukraine calls for the 8th Security Forum in times of harsh realities: the
peacekeepers or supply of heavy weapons for Ukraine are out of the question.
At the same time, we have to take into account Russia, which on paper follows
71
the Minsk agreements, but in fact, observes only the clauses convenient to
Russia, says Poroshenko.
We have to bring Russia to the negotiating table. We have to achieve a pullout
of the troops using the monitoring and verification of the OSCE, said the
President of Ukraine.
According to the words of Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk, the world has to
act on the understanding that Donbass is not a local, but geopolitical conflict.
By calling for a sharing of the costs and consequences with Ukraine, he also
reminded the audience of Ukraines refusal of nuclear weapons. In 1994,
Ukraine signed the Budapest Memorandum, and in return received guarantees
from a number of states, including the aggressor state Russia, regarding the
territorial integrity and independence of Ukraine. Yatsenyuk emphasized
that despite that agreement, what has resulted is the loss of the Crimea and
presence of Russian troops in Donbass.
UA:
27.05.2015
Values the way to security (the 29th story of freedom)
This is the theme of the 8th Security Forum that will be held on 28-29 May in
Kyiv this year. The information partner of the event is U: channel. The
Forum will bring together more than 400 international and Ukrainian leaders,
and representatives of political, business and civic communities from over 20
countries around the world.
The Forum will focus on the recent events in Ukraine and close to its borders,
the background of the events and possible consequences not only for the
country but for the whole world. The participants of the event will discuss
global trends and challenges in modern international relations. Ukrainian and
international experts will forecast possible scenarios of developments and
their consequences, and also provide expert advice with regard to ensuring
stability and confirming the security of Europe and neighboring regions in
the future. International experts and politicians will speak on the history of
building the systems within the European Union and NATO, which number 28
member-states, and share ideas on the subject of on what principles Ukraine
can create its own 29th story of freedom.
The Forum will hear speeches from Prime Minister of Ukraine, Arseniy
Yatsenyuk, the speaker of the Estonian Parliament Eiki Nestor as well as Andrey
72
Plenkovych, Chair of Committee for Parliamentary Cooperation between

Ukraine and the EU of the European Parliament, Andrius Kubilius, PrimeMinister of Lithuania (1999-2000, 2008-2012) and others.
The annual international event Kyiv Security Forum is a platform for debate
on the most pressing security issues in Europe and the Black Sea region.
The goals of the Forum are:
To strengthen security cooperation between the European Union and the
Black Sea region;
To raise awareness about the problem among the key stakeholders;
To enhance the role of independent and nongovernment organizations in
addressing security problems in Europe.
WRD1.de
29.05.2015
Steinmeier urges Ukraine to comply with the Minsk Convention
Foreign Minister Steinmeier asked Ukraine to comply with the peace agreement
fully. During one of the visits he said that both sides the government and
pro-Russian separatists - have to sit at the table in order to resolve the conflict
in the east of the country. Daniel Prokraka reports from Kyiv: in order to start
Steinmeier gave a short speech at the Kyiv Security Forum. Addressing the
Ukrainians, he said, whatever we do, we do it for people of Ukraine. Again,
we believe that the Ukrainian leadership will make necessary reforms, so for
example, the constitutional reform for fighting with corruption. According to
Steinmeiers speech, German support for Ukraine is about 700 million euros
this year. The country is on the verge of bankruptcy. This problem has a parallel
dimension with the constant violence in the east of Ukraine. The threat: at
any time there may be a shot that provokes the other side and ensures an
escalation of the conflict.
73
Tvn24.pl
28.05.2015
Kijw nie ma wtpliwoci. Agresor chce caej Ukrainy
- Agresor nie potrzebuje Krymu, a caej Ukrainy. Mamy wystarczajco duo
powodw, by nie mie w tej sprawie wtpliwoci powiedzia prezydent
Ukrainy Petro Poroszenko podczas forum ds. bezpieczestwa w Kijowie.
Zaapelowa do Rosji o dialog w sprawie Donbasu.
- Agresor potrzebuje Ukrainy sabej, zdestabilizowanej, ze zdyskredytowanymi
europejskimi wartociami i ideami, ze skompromitowanymi ludzi owiadczy
w Kijowie ukraiski prezydent.
Mwi o nowej strategii bezpieczestwa na Ukrainie i koniecznoci
wprowadzenia midzynarodowego kontyngentu pokojowego w Donbasie.
Zaapelowa do wadz na Kremlu o dialog w sprawie Donbasu, dotyczcy
wycofania wojsk rosyjskich z rejonu konfliktu, a take uszczelnienia rosyjskoukraisko granicy pod kontrol misji obserwacyjnej OBWE.
24 channel
28.05.2015
What are the threats surrounding Ukraine?
For two days the Kyiv Security Forum took place, held by the Open Ukraine
Foundation. The key themes were the military conflict with Russia and the
current economic situation in Ukraine.
Experts from the EU, the USA, Russia, and Ukraine who got together in Kyiv
had very much to discuss. The anniversaries of the armed conflict and new
government, financial aid, and the slow implementation of reforms were
highlighted as the key messages were presented at the forum.
Negotiations are needed
Ukraine should continue to seek a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Donbass
that is what all the forums participants stressed. According to the President of
74
Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko, the main thing now is to bring Russia somehow to
the negotiating table and start a real dialogue concerning Donbass. This view
was also supported by Frank-Walter Steinmeier, the German foreign minister.
He believes that there is no military solution for the Donbass situation, and
further confrontation is not going to lead to conflict resolution, but intensify
it. Meanwhile, Steinmaeier emphasized that the reason for aggression is
not the strengthening of European integration by Ukraine, but the path of
confrontation the Russian Federation has chosen.
Actually, this may be seen as one of the main obstacles on the way to
negotiations. Since, as Oleksandr Turchynov, Head of NSDC, said, the Russian
leaders political doctrine, the imperial revanchism, is irrational. Negotiations
with Putin always come to a deadlock, because his political doctrine is irrational,
and negotiations make sense only when an exchange of rational arguments
takes place, said Turchynov.
75

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8th KYIV SECURITY FORUM

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The opinions expressed in the summary report do not necessarily reflect

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

Victor Pinchuk Foundation, an international, private, non-partisan,

NATO Information and Documentation Centre in Ukraine for its support

We would like also to acknowledge gratefully the valuable deliberations and

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

It is clear to me that the vision of creating a

8th Kyiv Security Forum

TODAY IT MIGHT BE HERE IN KYIV

8th Kyiv Security Forum

More than a year Ukraine lives under conditions

Over a year ago we stood up in defense of our

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

SESSION I. VALUES THAT BECOME DESTINY. TIME FOR

The unraveling of the international system: Vienna, Versailles, Yalta.

IF ESTONIA DIDNT BELONG TO

The collapse of a repressive regime does not in President, Parliament

THERE IS NO WAY THAT THE

I think that our task, of the European Union

8th Kyiv Security Forum

THE ONLY EFFECTIVE WAY TO STOP

8th Kyiv Security Forum

NATO WILL NEVER ACCEPT OR

8th Kyiv Security Forum

8th Kyiv Security Forum

SESSION II. DEMOCRACY VERSUS AUTHORITARIANISM: THE

Security, political and diplomatic implications of Russias aggression

Crime and punishment: how to contain the aggressor

We witness an attempt to destroy the world

The war of Russia has taken a colossal toll on us.

However in a very short period of time we managed to resume the combat

8th Kyiv Security Forum

RUSSIAN AGGRESSION AGAINST

8th Kyiv Security Forum

IT IS TRULY AMAZING HOW THE

If you think back, who would have thought

Lets talk about the entire situation from the

8th Kyiv Security Forum

RUSSIAN REGIME HAS EXHAUSTED

8th Kyiv Security Forum

SESSION III. SISYPHUS IN SECURITY: FOCUS ON USA

The USAs capacity to take on global leadership

The role of the USA in international structures

How co-operation between the USA and Ukraine can strengthen

8th Kyiv Security Forum

UKRAINE IS ACTUALLY FIGHTING

It was just half a year after September, 2008,

8th Kyiv Security Forum

IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE UNITED

In terms of economic and social support, the