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CONTENTS
12-1
12-2
12-3
12-4
12-5
12-6
12-7

Using Can
Pronunciation of Can and Cant
Using Can: Questions
Using Know How To
Using Could: Past of Can
Using Be Able To
Using Very and Too + Adjective

12-1 USING CAN

Tarifa is smart.
She can speak five languages.

12-1 USING CAN

(a) Tarifa is smart.

She can speak five languages.
(b) I have some money.
I can buy a present for my mom.
(c) You are smart. You can fix cars.
can

ability
possibility
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12-1 USING CAN

(d) CORRECT: Thelma can ride a bike.

can

simple form
of main verb

12-1 USING CAN

(d) CORRECT: Thelma can ride a bike.

(e) INCORRECT: Thelma can to ride a bike.

can

infinitive
with to

12-1 USING CAN

(d) CORRECT: Thelma can ride a bike.

(e) INCORRECT: Thelma can to ride a bike.
(f) INCORRECT: Thelma can rides a bike.

can

main verb final -s

12-1 USING CAN

(g) Rajiv can not snowboard.

Rajiv cannot snowboard.
Rajiv cant snowboard.
NEGATIVE:

can + not = can not or cannot

CONTRACTION:

can + not = cant

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12-1 Lets Practice

A dog ___
can swim.

can
cant

12-1 Lets Practice

A kitten ____
cant read.

can
cant

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12-1 Lets Practice

can
cant

A butterfly ____
cant dance.

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12-2 PRONUNCIATION OF CAN AND CANT

Jonas can come to school with us.

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12-2 PRONUNCIATION OF CAN AND CANT

(a) Jonas can come to school with us.

Can pronounced kun

/kn/

(b) Liv cant come to school with us.

Cant pronounced as ant /knt/

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12-2 Lets Practice

can
cant

Fish ____
can swim.
Fish cant
____ fly.

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12-2 Lets Practice

Giraffes ____
cant roar.

can
cant

Lions can
___ roar.

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12-3 USING CAN: QUESTIONS

Alia can speak Farsi.

Can you speak Farsi?

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12-3 USING CAN: QUESTIONS

CAN + SUBJECT + MAIN

VERB

(a) Can

you

speak

Farsi?

Yes, I can.
No, I cant.
(b) Can

Ida

drive?
Yes, she can.
No, she cant.
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12-3 USING CAN: QUESTIONS

QUESTION + CAN + SUBJECT + MAIN

WORD
VERB

(c) Where

can

walk my dog?
In the park.

(d) When

can

we

bake cookies?
On Saturday.

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12-3 Lets Practice

Inga can jump rope.

_________
Can
Inga`
jump rope
________?

Yes,
__________.
she can

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12-3 Lets Practice

Ari cant play the violin.

Can
_________
Ari play
the
________?
violin

No,
he cant
__________.

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12-3 Lets Practice

I can bake a cake.

___________
Can
you bake
a cake
__________?

Yes, I can
_________.

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12-4 USING KNOW HOW TO

They know how to dance very well.

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12-4 USING KNOW HOW TO

(a) They can dance.

(b) They know how to dance.
(c) Can you dance?
(d) Do you know how to dance?

same
meaning
same
meaning

know how to expresses ability

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12-4 Lets Practice

Yes, I
do.
.

_________
Do
you know
_________
how to knit
_?

know how to
knit

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12-4 Lets Practice

Do you know how

______________
to play golf
____________?

Yes,
I do.
.

play golf

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12-4 Lets Practice

Do
__________
you know
__________
how to get to
__________
the library
__?

get to the library

No,
I dont.

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12-5 USING COULD: PAST OF CAN

I was in Maine last summer.

I could eat lobster every day.

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12-5 USING COULD: PAST OF CAN

(a) I am in Maine.
I can eat lobster every day.
(b) I was in Maine last year.
I could eat lobster every day when
I was there.
could = past form of can
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12-5 USING COULD: PAST OF CAN

(c) I cant watch TV this afternoon.

I have to do my laundry.
(d) I could not watch TV last Friday.
had toTV
do last
my laundry.
I couldnt Iwatch
Friday.
NEGATIVE
could + not = couldnt
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12-5 USING COULD: PAST OF CAN

(e) Could you get to class before 9:00?

QUESTION

could + subject + main verb

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12-5 Lets Practice

could

couldnt

Last year we went to Thailand.

We _______
could go swimming every day

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12-5 Lets Practice

could
couldnt

I _______
couldnt fix the
heater because I didnt
have the right tools.

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12-5 Lets Practice

could

couldnt

I _______
couldnt use the blue
blanket because it
was dirty.

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12-6 USING BE ABLE TO

I am able to read very fast.

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12-6 USING BE ABLE TO

PRESENT

(a) I am able to read very fast.

(b) I can read very fast.

same
meaning

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12-6 USING BE ABLE TO

FUTURE

(c) You will be able to go

home Monday.
(d) You can go home Monday.

same
meaning

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12-6 USING BE ABLE TO

PAST

(e) I wasnt able to watch a

movie last Saturday.
(f) I couldnt watch a movie
last Saturday.

same
meaning

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12-6 Lets Practice

Jen is deaf.
She can use sign language.
be able to
Jen is deaf.
She ________
is able to use sign language.

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12-6 Lets Practice

He couldnt finish his work.

be able to
not

He ___________
wasnt able to finish his work.

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12-6 Lets Practice

Goldfish cant sing.

be able to
not

Goldfish ___________
arent able to sing.

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12-7 USING VERY AND TOO + ADJECTIVE

The homework is very long,

but you can do it.

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12-7 USING VERY AND TOO + ADJECTIVE

(a) The homework is very long, but you can do it.

(b) The homework is too long. You cant do it.
(c) The line is very long, but I can wait.
(d) The line is too long. I cant wait.

very too
very long = difficult but possible
too long = impossible
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12-7 USING VERY AND TOO + ADJECTIVE

(e) The line is too long.

NEGATIVE RESULT:

I cant wait.

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12-7 USING VERY AND TOO + ADJECTIVE

(f) These pants are too tight.

NEGATIVE RESULT:

I cant wear them.

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12-7 Lets Practice

too

That mountain
too high. He
is ___
cant climb it.

very

The mountain is
very high, but he
____
can climb it.
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12-7 Lets Practice

too
very

The race is ____

very
long, but he can
finish it.

The race is ___

too
long. He cant
finish it.
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12-7 Lets Practice

too
very
cant
can

The homework is
___
too difficult. She
cant do it.
____

The homework is
____
very difficult, but
she ____
can do it.
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