Universidad de Guadalajara

CUCEI
Introduccin a la ingeniera econmica
Alumno: Castillo Serrano Daniel Sebastin
Maestro: Ospino Gonzlez Rommel Jos
Materia: Ingeniera Econmica

Observaciones:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Fecha: 26/08/2015

University of Guadalajara
CUCEI
Introduction to engineering economy
Student: Daniel Castillo Serrano Sebastian
Teacher: Ospino Gonzlez Rommel Jos
Subject: Economic Engineering

Observations:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Date: 26/08/2015

Universidad de Guadalajara
CUCEI
Introduction to engineering economy
Alumno: Castillo Serrano Daniel Sebastin
Maestro: Ospino Gonzlez Rommel Jos
Materia: Ingeniera Econmica

Observaciones:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Fecha: 26/08/2015

Introduction to engineering economy

Engineers are planners and builders; they are also problem solvers, manage and
make decisions. The economic engineering covers each of these activities. It is
aimed at solving problems and the process of decision making at operational level.
And production plans must be financed. Over time the problems are defined by the
dimensions measured in money and decisions are evaluated according to their
monetary consequences. Much of the administrative functions are aimed at
achieving the economic objectives, and are controlled by economic measures.
An economist engineer is based on the accumulated knowledge of engineering
and economics to identify alternative uses of limited resources and to select the
most appropriate course of action. The mainstay of the assessments are
mathematical models and cost data, but judgment and experience are essential.
There are many accepted models for analyzing short-range projects when the
value of money over time is not important, and far-reaching proposals when
required discounting factor data that are supposed known or carry some risk.
In the past the main concern of the engineers was the design, construction and
operation of machines, structures and processes; therefore they paid little attention
to human and physical resources used to achieve these ends. However since then
until today many factors have contributed to the extension of the responsibilities
and interests of engineering.
So which it is now expected to not only engineers use scientific discoveries about
the nature to generate useful products and innovative technology solutions for the
benefit of mankind, but also make economic profit based on financial analysis of
cost and value more numerous and detailed than before, which take into account
various factors such as some security workers, environmental, consumer
protection, conservation of resources used, among many other elements They are
always present in any process. For without these analyzes, an entire project can
be converted easily into a burden rather than a benefit.
So it follows that it is essential to know about such an important science such as
the economy, like engineering, has deep roots in history. Since its informal origins
in the construction of the pyramids, which was somewhat engineering and
economic achievement because it concentrated all resources on monuments
rather than consumed in the trade. Until its formal roots of the economy spanning
two centuries since the publication in 1776 of The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith.
In An Essay on the Principles of Population, 1798, Thomas Malthus discoursed
about the causes of economic saying that the population tends to increase
geometrically and livelihoods grow only arithmetically crisis. Later, John Stuart Mill,
in his Treatise on Political Economy in 1800 he argued against Malthus to indicate
the laws of distribution are not as immutable as the laws of production.

Later in 1867 Das Kapital, Karl Marx claim that capitalism would be replaced by
socialism, which later became communism. For it argued that the capitalist system
would fall over time due to cyclical downturns and other inherent weaknesses.
The "new economy" evolved from the work The General Theory of Employment,
Interest and Money by John Maynard Keynes in the 1930s she disagreed In
classical economic theory by saying that interest rates and adjustments wage-price
mechanisms are inadequate to control unemployment in capitalist economies.
These thoughts collectively Keynesian economics, which is one of the many
current schools of economic thought called.
The theories of Keynes and Marx analyzed the entire economic system relative to
national income, cash flow, consumption, investment, wages and general prices.
This level of analysis, concerned about the economy as a whole, is called
macroeconomics. Instead Microeconomics is the study of economic behavior in
very small segments of the economy, such as a business or home.
An economic engineer is based on the accumulated knowledge of engineering and
economics to design and use the tools available to identify the best course of
action. However this is difficult since I joined these tools are not perfect, there are
different aspects to consider and ways of considering, leading various solutions.
The fundamental approach to solving economic problems is to develop the
traditional scientific method. This method is based on two worlds: the real
workaday, and abstract with scientific guidance. This method starts with the first
source of a problem to solve, then this is limited and clarified by the data from the
real world. This information is combined with scientific principles have to formulate
the problem hypothesis.
After manipulating and experimenting with abstractions of the real world, you can
simulate multiple configurations of reality that would otherwise be too expensive or
complex to investigate. This activity a prediction of what might happen arises.
Finally the predicted behavior is compared with reality, that is, test it to see if the
problem is resolved, otherwise it will not happen the cycle is repeated with
information from the previous approach failed, to find a new solution to end the
problem permanently
As engineers usually deal with practical problems fixed times solution rather than
get involved in matters of clarification difficult to understand for a long time, most of
the decisions taken are based on data from previous work in this way to establish a
course of action that will lead to future results. But when a decision is superficial
and the results are not very important, it is possible to obtain an answer based on
intuition. However, the responses may mask practices best solutions that may have
been exposed to the analysis. For this reason the most important problems
requiring both analysis and personal judgment. At first what evaluation technique is
used and how it will apply will be decided. As progress is made in resolving the
problem, arise often difficult to quantify factors, called intangibles, representing

aspects of a problem that can not immediately be translated into monetary values.
The trial also enters the process for determining whether a solution is well founded
to be accepted. So, intuition and judgment complement analytical methods to
contribute to better decisions.
Perhaps the only thing more frustrating than a wrong decision for a major problem
is the right decision for the wrong problem. Often the problems are ill-defined, so
we feel the need to seek a solution before applying the analytical tools. The
recognition of the difference between tactical and strategic considerations may
clarify the purpose.
The strategy sets out the key objectives and define associated tactics multiple
maneuvers required to achieve those objectives. The relationship between
strategies and tactics offer some constructive judgments. The effectiveness of each
strategy is initially calculated from the effect it will have on the objectives of the
system. Thus, it serves as a guide for the area where the tactics will produce the
highest efficiency. The actual efficiency of each tactic is determined from a study of
the activities required to conduct tactical operation. Selecting a political tactic it
must be assessed in relation to the strategic objectives and resources required for
its implementation.
Insensitive situation occurs when all tactics to have some strategy better than any
other strategy tactic efficiency. The consequence of the high sensitivity will force a
full investigation to ensure the validity of the data assessed.
When there are various targets in decision making, it is likely that no single course
of action that optimize all simultaneously. In general, the sub-optimization occurs
when there is a major problem that the analyst had not contemplated. Another
cause of suboptimal solutions analysis technique is approved, which is to divide a
large problem into a set of smaller interdependent problems during a preliminary
investigation, to avoid getting stuck in a flood of details. The problem is introduced
when attempts solutions to the subproblems are not integrated. Here are three
perspectives that are often described and that can lead to sub-optimization: the
prospect crosslinked is that both organizations and individuals can be confused
with conflicting objectives, namely, to focus only on one parameter without regard
to the others. The myopic perspective states tactics based on a planning horizon of
1 or 2 years may not have the same efficiency as based on a period of years. And
finally there is the prospect of tunnel vision indicates that organizations are very
susceptible to situations where departments understand the common goal, but
work individually so that damage this objective.
For anything previously seen is that economic engineering is so important for
engineers, because practically influences every decision that is made, is a guide to
manage properly and efficiently all resources that are counted, plus it helps to
solve the problems that arise in an analytical manner at from a mainly economic,
among many other things that this discipline provides engineering in general.