AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING

16th to 21st August 2015

The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA

Harmonization of Grid
Codes and Technical
Standards and Its Impact
On Large Scale
Transmission Systems
Aznan Ezraie Ariffin
Energy Ventures Division
TNB
aznanea@tnb.com.my

Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.

ASEAN Electricity Landscape and Challenges

Issues with Cross-border Wheeling Transactions
Lessons learned from Integrated Grid
Principles of Regional Grid Standards
Harmonization
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Planning and Development

Monitoring, Supervision and Protection Systems
Operational Measurements and Parameters
Operation & Maintenance Procedures
Procedures to Deal with System Disturbances & Emergencies

5. Conclusions

ASEAN Electricity Landscapes and Challenges

Issues with Cross-border Wheeling Transactions

Transmission access ensuring that transmission service is
available
Wheeling charge ensuring that service is provided at a fair price
Physical or financial transmission rights providing an ability to
lock in the wheeling charge

Generation sale price ensuring that generation sales are

provided at a fair price and are not cross-subsidised by regulated
tariffs
Congestion costs determining how to allocate the rents
associated with transmission congestion
Uneconomic bypass ensuring that wheeling transaction is
actually economic and does not impose costs on other parties
Economic interchange ensuring that potentially economic
wheeling transactions actually do occur

Lessons Learnt from Integrated Grid

Principles of Regional Grid Standards

Harmonization example from ASEAN Power Grid

Need to define A Control Area

Each member state already has regulatory authority
and control over national or regional power grids
within its national borders
Under a regional interconnection, the concept of a
Control Area has to be developed to recognise each
part of the interconnection grid that coincides with the
territory of a member state
A Control Area also denote the interconnecting points
for the measurements and settlements of exchanges
of power, energy and possibly some Ancillary Services
Each Control Area will be under the operation and
control of the respective power system control
centre/national load dispatch centre under its
respective regulatory regime

The Need to define A Control Area

Planning and Development

Interconnected Power Grid shall be designed and
operated based on Single Contingency or N-1 system
security criterion for normal operation state
A coordinating body comprising planning authorities
of all member states be set up to establish assessment
standards and conduct regular consultations
The coordinating body of planning authorities
undertakes the task of developing collectively the
criteria for mandatory assessment of potential impact
of new or modified Interconnectors or Connecting
Points
The planning horizon of all member states be
harmonized to allow closer coordination of planning
authorities of member states

Mandatory Impact Assessments Minimum

Common Standards

Frequency and voltage parameters;

Requirements for reactive power;
Frequency Control related issues;
Short-circuit current;
Requirements for protection devices and settings;
Fault-ride-through capability; and
Provision of Ancillary Services.

Monitoring, Supervision & Protection Systems

All Generation Facilities and transmission facilities shall
provide SCADA functions and requisite telemetry
facilities
The requirement of provision of monitoring equipment
on both ends of Interconnector for online monitoring of
dynamic performance conditions
An effective communication network that connects
control centres of all TSOs for sharing of real-time
information be identified
Minimum protection requirements be stipulated to limit
the impact of faults or mal-operations of generation,
transmission and distribution facilities

Operational Requirements & Parameters

TSOs shall jointly set pre-defined Frequency Deviation levels that
the Grid Users shall be able to sustain.

Technical requirements related to the contribution to voltage

control and reactive power management by the Generation
Facilities
Every TSO shall procure a sufficient number and capacity of
Generation Facilities required for a black start within its Control
Area
Data exchange standards be developed so that operational
data of elements that may influence the operation of
neighbouring power systems can be exchanged at appropriate
time
Comprehensive requirements be specified requiring Generation
Facilities above a certain capacity or connected at a certain
system voltage level be required

Operation & Maintenance Procedures

TSO shall conduct advanced and real-time impact assessment of
all planned outages or modifications and all unplanned outages
that occurred
The TSO shall also coordinate closely and determine jointly the
types of assessment that need to be carried out with
neighbouring TSOs

Procedures for vigorous voltage control and reactive power

management be established for normal operation, Alert
Operating State, Critical Operating State and during System
Emergency
All grid owners be required to have their operating and
maintenance processes certified for complying with an
internationally or locally recognised quality management system

Procedures to Deal with System Disturbances &

Emergencies
An appropriate system defence plan be jointly
developed and periodically reviewed by TSOs of
member states.
The system defence plan shall also include processes
that could arrest system voltage collapses during
Critical Operating States and System Emergencies
Interconnection-wide restoration plan be jointly
developed and periodically reviewed by TSOs of
member states in consultation with respective national
regulatory bodies
TSOs may need to train all their operation staff on the
execution of system defence and System Restoration
plans

Conclusions
Integration of national power grids of all member
states into the Interconnected Grid is an evolving
process - harmonization of technical standards will also
be an evolving process.
However, a set of minimum common standards and a
mechanism for the periodic review and enhancement
of these minimum common standards will need to be
established as soon as possible to facilitate the smooth
integration and the secure and reliable operation.
It is vital that operation of the Interconnected Grid will
have to ensure that disturbances or serious faults in
one Control Area shall be contained within the Control
Area and shall not be spread to other Control Areas

AORC-CIGRE TECHNICAL MEETING

16th to 21st August 2015

The Magellan Sutera Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA

Thank you
Any Questions