CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Minor Project entitled Security & Lighting Control System is a
bonafide work carried out by Mr. Sudhir, Deepak , Manjeet , Amit, Roll No. 5612750 ,
5612751, 5612766, 5612767 under my guidance and supervision and submitted in partial
fulfillment of the award of the B.Tech degree in Electrical Engineering. The work done in the
project has not been submitted for the award of any other degree or diploma to the best of my
knowledge.

Project Supervisor

Student Signature

Asst. Prof. D.N Yadav

Sudhir

(H.O.D of EE)

Deepak
Manjeet
Amit

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my devotional thanks to Asst. Prof. D.N Yadav (H.O.D) in IIET KINANA
JIND, HARYANA for his valuable guidance and concern. His guidance contributes greatly to this
project/Tanning work. His sharp insights of subjects, invaluable guidance, help, encouragement
and criticism will be of great benefit to my technical carrier and personnel life. I have gained
valuable knowledge from him, the bright ideas he shared with me will help me in my whole life.
His valuable discussions based on his sharp skills & experiences (industrial and teaching) are
outstanding for me.
I would also like to acknowledge the influence and help of the rest of the department for their
discussion, support and help during my dissertation work.
I want to express my deep gratitude to my beloved parents, brother, sisters and friends for their
unconditional love and unfailing support for the many years. Without their love and support, I
will not be able to get through the difficulties encountered and finish what I want to do.
From the depth of my heart, I acknowledge all of them with love and affection.

Sudhir (5612750)
Deepak (5612751)
Manjeet (5612766)
Amit (5612767)

CONTENTS
Contents

Page No.

Title Page

Certificate

ii

Acknowledgement

iii

Contents

iv

List of Figures

vi

Table of Contents

Chapter 1.
1. Security & Lighting Control System

1-2

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Principle
1.3 Apparatus Used
1.4 Procedure

Chapter 2.
2. TECHNOLOGY /PLATFORM OVERVIEW
2.1 Use in our life

Chapter 3.
3. DESIGN/IMPLEMENTATION

4-39

3.1 Apparatus required

3.1.1 Transformer
3.1.2 Transformer Construction
3.1.3 Type of Transformer
3.1.3.1 Core type
3.1.3.2 Shell type
3.1.4 E.M.F. Equation
3.1.5 Rectifier
3.1.5.1 Full wave rectifier
3.1.5.2 R.C. Filtered Rectifier
3.1.6 Resistors
3.1.6.1 Ohm Law
3.1.6.2 Fixed Resistor
3.1.6.3 Variable Resistor
3.1.6.4 Color code
3.1.7 Diode
3.1.8 Capacitor
3.1.8.1 Type of Capacitors
3.1.9 Relay
3.1.9.1 Relay Used
3.1.9.2 Operating Principle
3.1.9.3 Relay works
3.1.9.4 Rely Basic
3.1.9.5 Pole and Throw
3.1.9.6 Type of Relay
3.1.10 Sensors
5

3.1.11 Buzzer
3.1.12 Connecting Wires
3.2

Procedure of construction

Chapter 4.
4. RESULT & DISCUSSION (SNAPSHOTS)
4.1

40

Security & Lighting Control System Snapshots

Chapter 5.
5. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK

41

Chapter 6.
6. REFERENCE/BIBLIOGRAPHY

42

LIST OF FIGURES
Sr. No

List of Fig.

Page No

Transformer Working

Core Type Transformer

Shell Type Transformer

Transformer EMF Equation

10

Bridge rectifier: a full-wave rectifier

12

Full-wave rectifier output waveform

13

Resistor

17

Leads Arrangement

18

Color Code

20

10

Diode (Symbol)

21

11

V I characteristics of diode

21

12

Semiconductor diode schematic symbol

22

13

Three carbon composition resistors

22

14

Working of diode

23

15

Film Capacitor

23

16

Ceramic Capacitor

24

17

Electrolytic Capacitors

24

18

Cut view of Relay

26

19

Relay Design

26

20

Relay operation

27

21

Water Sensor and Alarm

35

22

Symbol for a buzzer

37

22

Buzzer

38

23

Connecting Wire

38

24

LED

39

25

Security& Lighting Control System Circuit

41