World History

Chapter 18 Guided Reading

The Atlantic System and Africa, 1550-1800
Define Key Terms
1. indigenous population ______________________________________________
2. Triangular Trade __________________________________________________
3. Spice Trade ______________________________________________________
4.

Inca____________________________________________________________

5. Aztecs __________________________________________________________
6. driver___________________________________________________________
7. Mercantilism_______________________________________________________
8. Capitalism _______________________________________________________
9. Middle Passage ____________________________________________________
10. Atlantic System ___________________________________________________
Multiple-Choice Questions
11. Sugar cane was first grown in the West Indies by Spanish colonists shortly after
1500, but after 1600
a. the Pope declared sugar consumption a sin.
b. natural disaster destroyed plantations.
c. the English and French grew tobacco there.
d. New England became the preferred region to grow sugar cane.
e. the sugar cane blight forever eradicated the crop.
12. In order to make tobacco trade profitable, European governments used chartered
companies,
a. private investors with trade monopolies in colonies.
b. maritime manufacturers of maps and charts.
c. companies of missionaries and religious societies.
d. which treated Amerindians more humanely.
e. groups of Amerindian investors who pooled money and resources.

13. The expansion of sugar plantations in the West Indies required

a. a sharp increase in the African slave trade.
b. the creation of new markets among the Amerindians.
c. new fertilizers and seeds.
d. an increase in arable land.
e. government consultants to oversee farming.
14. On most islands, the percentage of slaves in the population was
a. 35 %.
b. 55%.
c. 75%.
d. 20%.
e. 90%.
15. In the 18th century, West Indian plantations were controlled by a plantocracy,
a. a group of people concerned about the environment.
b. a small number of rich men who owned the land and slaves.
c. a religious sect of Protestantism.
d. a group of botanists who encouraged the growth of new and exotic plants.
e. none of the above
16. Men outnumbered women on Caribbean plantations because
a. twice as many men were imported.
b. men lived much longer than women.
c. women were not as strong as men.
d. women refused to consent to plantation work.
e. women were more susceptible to disease than men.
17. Plantation slaves were motivated to work hard
a. because they were promised freedom.
b. to escape punishment.
c. because they were rewarded with extra food.
d. because they were promised a share of the profits.
e. to earn extra wages
18. Life expectancy for 19th century Brazilian male slaves was
a. 23 years.
b. 39 years.
c. 50 years.
d. 65 years.
e. 10 years.

19. Most slaves died of

a. poor nutrition.
b. disease.
c. overwork.
d. abuse.
e. accident.
20. During the first 150 years after the European discovery of the Americas, how
many Africans were transported in the Atlantic slave trade?
a. 200,000
b. 800,000
c. 1.6 million
d. 5.2 million
e. 6.8 million
.
21. During the sugar boom from 1650-1800, _______________
Slaves were transported.
a. 800,000.
b. 1.6 million.
c. 5.5 million.
d. 7.5 million
e. 10 million
22. Why was mortality on Atlantic slave ships high?
a. abuse
b. disease
c. suicide
d. execution
e. all of the above.
23. African trading slaves with Europeans most often preferred to receive in return
a. gold and ivory.
b. rums and ivory.
c. beads and blankets
d. guns and textiles.
e. silk and porcelain.
24. Most slaves taken from Africa were
a. kidnapped.
b. prisoners of war.
c. criminals.
d. political opponents.
e. Muslim.

25. Generally, the Atlantic African slave trade was based on a partnership between
a. Arab and European elites.
b. European and African elites.
c. Islamic and African elites.
d. Arab merchants and African elites.
e. European opportunists and Arab merchants.
26. Household slaves in the Islamic world mostly consisted of
a. men.
b. young boys.
c. an equal number of men and women.
d. children.
e. servants and concubines.
27. Both Muslims and Europeans obtained slaves from sub-Saharan Africa but
a. Africans refused to deal with European traders.
b. The European trade was much smaller.
c. Both of them ended soon after they began.
d. Africans refused to deal with Muslim traders.
e. The Islamic trade was much smaller.
28. Islamic law prohibited the enslavement of
a. Christians.
b. women.
c. Muslims.
d. anyone.
e. pagans.
29. What effect did the loss of population due to the slave trade have on Africa?
a. It decreased the value of labor.
b. The population was able to recover due to the women and the adoption of
new plant foods.
c. The population was never able to recover.
d. It eliminated the spread of disease.
e. It gave rise to democratic governments.
30. Which of the following is true regarding the Atlantic trade?
a. Europeans gained far more wealth than Africans.
b. Africans gained far more wealth than Europeans.
c. Europeans gained only slightly more wealth than Africans.
d. Europeans and Africans gained nearly the same amount of wealth.
e. Africans benefitted from its inclusion in the world trade system.

DBQ Slavery
1. What aspects of Ayuba Suleimans experiences of enslavement were normal, and
which were unusual?
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2. How different might Ayubas experiences of slavery have been had he been sold to
Jamaica rather than Maryland?
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3. How strictly was the ban against enslaving Muslims observed in Hausaland?
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